RESOURCE-SAVING TECHNOLOGY FOR PROCESSING MEDICINAL SAGE

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Т.В. ПЕЛИПЕНКО
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oil ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Total Yield ◽  
Dry Mass ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Flow Diagram ◽  
Resource Saving ◽  
Process Flow Diagram ◽  
Full Flowering ◽  
Active Substances

Исследованы потенциальные возможности ресурсосберегающей технологии переработки шалфея лекарственного (ШЛ). Объектом исследования были образцы эфирномасличного сырья – свежеубранные надземные части ШЛ в фазе полного цветения растения и сухие листья ШЛ. Предложенная схема переработки включает следующие стадии: получение эфирного масла; извлечение конкрета из обезэфиренных отходов экстракцией углеводородным растворителем и последующей его отгонкой; получение абсолютного масла и очищенных восков из конкрета отходов; извлечение дитерпеновых соединений экстракцией этиловым спиртом из отходов сырья после обработки гексаном. В результате исследований фракционного состава сырья и особенностей локализации эфирного масла установлено, что массовая доля эфирного масла составляет, % к сухой массе исследуемых фракций: в листьях и соцветиях 2,75, в стеблях 0,31. Рекомендовано введение ограничительных норм по соотношению технически ценной фракции – листьев и соцветий и балластной – стеблей. Полученное из ШЛ эфирное масло имеет высокое содержание туйонов (31,50%), камфоры (21,0%) и 1,8-цинеола (18,80%). Выход дитерпеновых соединений при комплексной переработке эфирномасличного сырья ШЛ на 38,0% ниже, чем из сухих листьев растения. Однако при расчете на сухую массу листьев и соцветий, составляющих 62,3% от массы сырья, показатели отличаются незначительно. Общий выход продуктов, содержащих комплекс биологически активных веществ, составил 15,53 %, что подтверждает целесообразность использования комплексной переработки шалфея лекарственного. The potential of resource-saving technology for processing medicinal sage (MS) has been studied. Samples of essential oil raw materials-freshly harvested aboveground parts of MS in the phase of full flowering of the plant and dry leaves of MS were the object of research. The proposed process flow diagram includes the following stages: obtaining essential oil; recovering a particular from deester waste by extraction with a hydrocarbon solvent and its subsequent distillation; obtaining absolute oil and refined waxes from a specific waste; extraction of diterpene compounds from raw waste after treatment with hexane by extraction with ethyl alcohol. As a result of studies of the fractional composition of raw materials and the features of localization of essential oil, it was found that the mass fraction of essential oil is, % of the dry mass of the studied fractions: 2,75 in leaves and inflorescences, and 0,31 in stems. The introduction of restrictive norms on the ratio of technically valuable fraction – leaves and inflorescences and ballast – stems is recommended. The essential oil obtained from MS has a high content of tuyons (31,50%), camphor (21,0%) and 1,8-cineol (18,80%). The yield of diterpene compounds in the complex processing of essential oil raw materials MS is 38,0% lower than from dry leaves of the plant. However when calculating the dry mass of leaves and inflorescences, which make up 62,3% of the mass of raw materials, the indicators differ slightly. The total yield products containing a complex of biologically active substances amounted to 15,53%, which confirms the feasibility of complex processing of medicinal sage.

scholarly journals Essential Oil Composition of Thymus × citriodorus (Pers.) Schreb. at Different Harvest Stages

2017 ◽  
Vol 45 (1) ◽  
pp. 185-189 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ozlem TONCER ◽  
Sengul KARAMAN ◽  
Emel DIRAZ ◽  
Tahsin SOGUT ◽  
Suleyman KIZIL
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oil ◽  
Essential Oil Composition ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Bornyl Acetate ◽  
Oil Composition ◽  
Flowering Stage ◽  
Phenological Stages ◽  
Full Flowering ◽  
Total Oil ◽  
Active Substances

Thymus is represented by 39 species (60 taxa) in Turkey and the rate of its endemism is 45% in Turkey. The herb is widely used for several purposes. Its essential oil compositions and biologically active substances are affected by the phenological stages. Therefore, the aim of this study is to evaluate the variations in the essential oil composition of Thymus × citriodorus (Pers.) Schreb. growing in Southeastern Anatolia Region of Turkey at different phenological stages (pre-flowering, full flowering, post flowering). The oils were obtained by hydrodistillation of air-dried samples. The yields of oils (w/w %) at different phenological stages was respectively 2.0% at pre-flowering state, 1.9% at flowering stage, and 1.3% at post-flowering stage. T. × citriodorus was determined mainly by using GC/MS. A total of 21 compounds, representing 93.9% in the pre-flowering stage, 98.8% in the flowering stage and 98.91% in post-flowering of the total oil, were identified. Monoterpene hydrocarbons (terpinolene) and oxygenated monoterpenes (α-terpineol) were observed to have the highest percentage in T. × citriodorus oil. The major compounds of the oil were terpinolene, α- terpineol, linalool, bornyl acetate and borneol. The highest percentage of terpinolene was determined to be 71% in flowering stages.

scholarly journals Accumulation of biologically active substances in plants of Elsholtzia stauntonii Benth. grown in the foothill zone of the Crimea

2020 ◽  
Vol 202 (11) ◽  
pp. 76-84
Author(s):  
Ol'ga Pehova ◽  
Lidiya Timasheva ◽  
Irina Danilova ◽  
Irina Belova
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oil ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Component Composition ◽  
Biologically Active Substances ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Active Growth ◽  
The Crimea ◽  
Active Substances

Abstract. The purpose of the research was to study the quality of Elsholtzia stauntonii Benth. raw materials grown in the foothill zone of the Crimea. In the course of the research, we studied such indicators as the content of essential oil and other types of biologically active substances (BAS), which allow using elsholtzia as an essential oil, food, or medicinal raw materials. Research methods. Determination of the quality of E. stauntonii raw materials was carried out according to generally accepted methods. Results. Peculiarities of the accumulation of essential oil in various organs of E. stauntonii were determined. The variability of the mass fraction of essential oil, its component composition and BAS depending on the plant’s growth stage is shown. We found that the main oil-synthesizing organs of E. stauntonii are leaves and inflorescences. The largest amount of essential oil (1.82 %) was obtained from inflorescences. In the fractional composition of raw materials, they amounted to 45.6 %. The maximum amount of essential oil with the dominant components (rosefuran and rosefuran epoxide) accumulated in plants during the phase of mass flowering (1.48 % in terms of absolutely dry weight). The highest content of BAS, namely phenolic compounds, accumulated in the stage of active growth of vegetative and the formation of generative organs of plants (regrowth and bud formation); extractives – in the stage of regrowth. During two years of storage of air-dry raw materials, there is a loss of essential oil as a result of its evaporation (54.0 %) and a change in its component composition (an increase in monoterpene derivatives of furan by 26.6 % and a decrease in sesquiterpene hydrocarbons by 23.5 %). To store air-dry raw materials of E. stauntonii for more than two years is not, however, reasonable because of significant losses of essential oil. Scientific novelty. The quality of raw materials of E. stauntonii variety Rozovoe oblako, which was grown in the foothill zone of the Crimea, was studied for the first time. Raw materials and essential oil of E. stauntonii have a broad spectrum of biological activity and can be used in medicine, as well as in essential oil and food industries.

scholarly journals Component composition of essential oil shoots and leaves of Laurus nobilis L. Ukrainian origian

2021 ◽  
pp. 50-58
Author(s):  
Olga Khvorost ◽  
Irina Posohova ◽  
Yuliia Fedchenkova ◽  
Kateryna Skrebtsova
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Essential Oil ◽  
Essential Oils ◽  
Mass Spectra ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Component Composition ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Laurus Nobilis ◽  
Active Substances

The aim of our work was to carry out a comparative analysis of the essential oils of shoots and leaves of Laurus nobilis L. Ukrainian flora and to determine the prospects for their use in pharmacy. Materials and methods. Raw materials for obtaining essential oil (shoots and leaves) of Laurus nobilis L. were harvested in November 2017 in the southern regions of Ukraine. By the method of chromatography-mass spectrometry using an Agilent Technology 6890N chromatograph, the component composition of 4 samples of essential oil of Laurus nobilis L. raw material was investigated and identified. The composition of the essential oil was identified by comparing the results with the data from the NIsT 02 mass spectra library (more than 174,000 substances). Results. Thus, in the studied series of the essential oil of the shoots, a similarity was observed both in the set of components and in the relative content of a number of individual compounds and compounds of structurally related groups. The content in these samples was dominated by 1,8-cineole (19.63 % of the amount and 12.93 % of the amount, respectively), α-terpinyl acetate (16.22 % of the amount and 16.03 % of the amount, respectively). In contrast to the series of the essential oil of the shoots, the component composition of the essential oil of the leaves of the two series was significantly different. In both studied series, only 3 compounds were identified that are common - these are aromatic compounds methyleugenol, trans-methylisoevgenol, and the sequiterpenoid caryophyllene oxide. Conclusions. Thus, a comparative analysis of the component composition of biologically active substances in the essential oils of shoots and leaves of the Laurus nobilis L. Ukrainian harvest showed the prospects for further pharmacognostic research of this plant as a source of medicinal raw materials

scholarly journals DYNAMICS OF ACCUMULATION OF BIOLOGICALLY ACTIVE SUBSTANCES IN HYSSOPUS OFFICINALIS L. PLANTS GROWN IN THE FOOTHILL ZONE OF CRIMEA

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (28) ◽  
pp. 138-148
Author(s):  
O.A. Pekhova ◽  
◽  
L.A. Timasheva ◽  
I.L. Danilova ◽  
I.V. Belova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oil ◽  
Fractional Composition ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Component Composition ◽  
Biologically Active Substances ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Mass Flowering ◽  
Active Substances ◽  
Hyssopus Officinalis

Hyssopus officinalis L. is a promising essential oil plant of complex use containing various types of biologically active substances (BAS). The purpose of the research was twofold: study the features of accumulation of various types of BAS in H. officinalis plants grown in the foothill zone of the Crimea; assess the possibility to use them in perfumery, cosmetics, food industry, pharmacy and medicine. The research was conducted in 2017–2019 in the FSBSI “Research Institute of Agriculture of Crimea”. The raw materials of H. officinalis (population with blue flowers) grown without irrigation served as the research material. Qualitative and quantitative characteristics of raw materials and different types of BAS were determined according to generally accepted methods. Structural analysis of H. officinalis showed that the aboveground part of plants during the growing season had the following fractional composition: leaves (21.4–70.6 %), stems (18.8–30.9 %), inflorescences (22.0−59.1 %). The ratio of fractions by phases of vegetation varied, namely: in the phase of regrowth, leaves prevailed – 70.6 % but, at the end of the flowering, their content decreased to 21.4 %; the content of inflorescences reached its maximum in the phases of mass flowering and end of flowering 53.3–59.1 %. The main oil-synthesizing organs of H. officinalis were leaves and inflorescences. The highest yield amount of H. officinalis essential oil was obtained from inflorescences (1.94 %), which in the fractional composition of the raw material amounted to 53.3 %. The maximum amount of essential oil of specific quality accumulated in plants during the phase of mass flowering (1.26 % in terms of absolutely dry weight). The dominant components of essential oil are ketones: isopinocamphone and pinocamphone (75.9–78.6 %). A high level of phenolic compounds was determined in the phases of regrowth and flowering; extractive substances – in the budding phase; tannins – in the phase of mass flowering. During the storage of air-dry raw materials for two years, insignificant losses of essential oil occur (up to 20.2 %); its component composition changes (hydrocarbons amount decreased by 2.5–22.7 %; ketones – increased by 3.4–16.2 %). The content of other types of BAS during storage of raw materials increased by 10–30 %. Therefore, it is advisable to store air-dry raw materials of Hyssopus officinalis for two years or longer.

Чабер садовый – перспективное сырье

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
E.L. Malankina ◽  
N.G. Romanova ◽  
S.G. Solopov ◽  
T.N. Tkacheva
Keyword(s):  
Phenolic Compounds ◽  
Essential Oil ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Satureja Hortensis ◽  
Study Results ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Active Substances

Представлены результаты испытания отечественных и зарубежных сортов чабера садового (Satureja hortensis L.) в условиях Нечерноземной зоны РФ. Определено содержание основных биологически активных веществ (эфирного масла, флавоноидов, суммы фенольных соединений) в сырье семи сортов. Показано, что низкорослые сорта характеризовались наибольшим накоплением эфирного масла, в то время как накопление фенольных соединений не зависело от высоты растений.In this article are presented the study results of Russian and European varieties of the garden savory (Satureja hortensis L.) in conditions of the Non-сhernozem zone of the Russian Federation. It was determined the content of the main biologically active substances (essential oil, flavonoids, the sum of phenolic compounds) in raw materials of 7 varieties. The content of essential oil in raw material was between 0,18–1,06%. It was shown that the low-growing varieties were characterized by the greatest accumulation of essential oil. The content on phenolic compounds did not depended on the height of the plants and was from 5,12 to 14,1%.

COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF BIOACTIVE SUBSTANCES CONTENT IN THE LEAVES AND FRUITS OF A ROWAN-TREE (SORBUS AUCUPARIA FRUCTUS) AND ASSESSMENT OF PROSPECTS IN MEDICINE AND PHARMACY

2020 ◽  
pp. 58-62
Author(s):  
Chernichkina A.D.
Keyword(s):  
Raw Materials ◽  
Wide Distribution ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Bioactive Substances ◽  
Plant Raw Materials ◽  
Mountain Ash ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Materials Used ◽  
Active Substances ◽  
Pectin Substances

A large number of biologically active substances, organic acids, tannins, and pectin substances were detected during the study of fruits, leaves, and pulp of the fruits of mountain Ash. The content of these substances in leaves and pulp will significantly expand the arsenal of medicinal plant raw materials used. Given the wide distribution of mountain Ash in the territory of the Russian Federation, harvesting leaves from the same plants after harvesting the fruit and using pulp will make it possible to obtain new phytopreparations.

Developmental Variations in the Content of Active Substances and Nutrients in Echinacea purpurea

HortScience ◽  
1998 ◽  
Vol 33 (3) ◽  
pp. 518d-518
Author(s):  
W. Letchamo ◽  
V.S. Krutilina
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oil ◽  
Plant Development ◽  
Maximum Yield ◽  
Echinacea Purpurea ◽  
The United States ◽  
Biologically Active Substances ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
General Distribution ◽  
Cichoric Acid ◽  
Active Substances

Echinace from the Asteracea family has been among the top 10 marketed herbs in North America and Europe. So far, only a limited amount of Echinace originate from commercial cultivation. Echinacea purpurea has been commercially cultivated in the United States since the mid 1970s, in Russia since 1935, while in Europe since the 1960s. However, there has been no published information in the English language on methods of cultivation, expected yields, limiting factors, nutrient requirements, and the optimum plant development stage to obtain maximum yield and concentration of the biologically active substances for pharmaceutical and cosmetic processing. The objective of this investigation was, therefore, to study the general distribution of major nutrients and biologically active substances and the relationship between the two groups, and the pattern of the accumulation of cichoric acid, echnacoside, isobutylamides (tetraenes) and essential oil in commercially cultivated Echinacea purpurea. There was a significant variation in the content of essential oil, cichoric acid, and isobutylamides (tetraenes) in different organs and stages of the plant development. Similarly, the difference in the distribution of N, P, K, Ca, Mg, and Fe in different organs and developmental stages is demonstrated. The correlation between the content of the active substances and nutrients is demonstrated, while recommendations for an optimum harvesting stage and date are made.

Prospects for the use of highly effective and safe stimulants of embryogenesis in poultry farming

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (6) ◽  
pp. 42-50
Author(s):  
I. I. Kochish ◽  
◽  
T. A. Sadovskaya ◽  
T. O. Azarnova ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Defense ◽  
Morphological Changes ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Defense Enzymes ◽  
Chick Embryos ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Resource Saving ◽  
Antioxidant Defense Enzymes ◽  
Active Substances ◽  
Poultry Farming

To increase the embryonic and postembryonic viability of poultry, along with selection work, optimization of the microclimate parameters of poultry houses and rations, it is also advisable to develop resource-saving and environmentally friendly methods of using biologically active substances. It was shown that the treatment of eggs with a composition of solutions of natural metabolites (colamine, succinic acid and Ribav) in optimal concentrations stopped and prevented the negative effects of stress. Positive biochemical and morphological changes were observed in the development of chick embryos. An increase in chick withdrawal, a decrease in all incubation waste, an increase in the activity of antioxidant defense enzymes, and a decrease in the content of malondialdehyde in the blood serum of chickens were found.

CONSUMER PROPERTIES OF PASTA WITH POWDER FROM MARIGOLD INFLORESCENCES (TAGETES L.)

2021 ◽  
Vol 40 (4) ◽  
pp. 102-112
Author(s):  
SHAPOVALOVA Nataliia ◽  
VEZHLIVTSEVA Svitlana ◽  
ANTIUSHKO Dmytro
Keyword(s):  
Raw Materials ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
The Body ◽  
Biologically Active Substances ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Organoleptic Properties ◽  
Biological Value ◽  
Plant Raw Materials ◽  
Active Substances

Background. The deficiency of essential nutrients in the human body is the root cause of reduced efficiency, general resistance of the body to various diseases. That is an urgent problem in the context of the spread of coronavirus infection. In this regard, the search for opportunities to meet the needs of the population in food products that contain biologically active substances (BAS) through the use of high-value and at the same time available plant raw materials is extremely important. Marigolds attract special attention among such raw materials. The aim of the work is to study the chemical composition and evaluate the consumer properties of Tagetes L. varieties, zoned in the Kiev region, to prove the possibility of increasing the biological value of pasta by adding to their recipe powder from marigold inflorescences. Materials and methods. The object of research is pasta of B group (noodles). Inflorescences of marigolds of different varieties gathered during the flowering period in July-September 2019–2020 in the territory of Vasylkiv and Obukhiv districts of Kyiv region, Ukraine were used as enriching plant raw materials. The quality of finished pasta was assessed by organoleptic and physicochemical indexes (moisture content and titratable acidity). The content of mineral elements in the fine powder of marigold inflorescences was determined on the EXHERT-3L device, the quantitative composition and BAS identification – by spectrophotometric analysis on the device Specord-200 Analytic Jena UV-vis. The integrated quality index of pasta products was calculated taking into account the importance factors of individual indexes. Results. Comparing the obtained results, we can state that all the studied varieties – Gold Kopfen, Orange Flame, Hawaii, Equinox are characterized by high biological value, regardless of the area of collection. As a result of calculated and experimental studies it was determined that the addition of 7 % of the supplement does not provide the required supply of vitamins and minerals. Replacing the flour in the recipe by 20 % significantly improves the mineral composition, but deteriorates the taste and aromatic properties of pasta. The most optimal and rational amount of added additive is 15 %, as it improves the organoleptic properties of pasta and enriches their BAS. Conclusion. The usage of non-traditional vegetable raw materials, in particular powder from marigold inflorescences, which is rich in biologically active substances, allows not only to expand the range, improve the quality of finished products, but also increase the biological value of the product. The optimal amount of additive –powder from marigold inflorescences, was defined. It is 15 % by weight of flour in the production of noodles. This concentration allows not only to improve the organoleptic properties, but also to increase the content of biologically active substances – vitamins, micro- and macronutrients. The usage of non-traditional natural raw materials (powder from marigold inflorescences) allows to abandon artificial colorsand give the finished pasta a pleasant colorand aroma.

scholarly journals Study on domestic market of medicinal products of plant origin

2018 ◽  
pp. 30-36
Author(s):  
V. M. Minarchenko ◽  
A. Yu. Butko
Keyword(s):  
Medicinal Plants ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Domestic Market ◽  
Biologically Active Substances ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Herbal Remedies ◽  
Plant Origin ◽  
Resource Base ◽  
Natural Resource Base ◽  
Active Substances

The popularity of herbal remedies and medicines, with the participation of biologically active substances from plants is traditionally high. The annual increase of the domestic market for herbal remedies is due to the preservation and modernization of production capacities for processing of medicinal vegetative raw materials in Ukraine, introduction of modern scientific developments, a large natural resource base of medicinal plants and attracting investments in the development of this industry. The aim of our work was the study of the domestic market of medicines of plant origin, which includes herbal remedies, substances and preparations with the participation of biologically active substances from plants. The object of the study was domestic medicines of plant origin that are registered in Ukraine for 2012–2017. The study used the analytical, statistical methods, and the results of its own resource studies of medicinal plants. Phytopharmaceutical market of Ukraine is actively developing due to the attraction of new types of medicinal plants and expanding the range of medicines. The number of domestic drugs with the participation of biologically active substances from plants has increased by 17.4% compared with 2014. It is established that as of 1 January 2017 in Ukraine was 1 141 the form of medicinal drugs of plant origin. Of them: 645 – domestic products, 496 – foreign. Most of the herbal drugs in the pharmaceutical market of Ukraine are made from wild and cultivated domestic raw materials.

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