scholarly journals Predicting habitat suitability of critically endangered Nepenthes sumatrana

2021 ◽  
Vol 948 (1) ◽  
pp. 012020
Author(s):  
A Yudaputra
Keyword(s):  
Habitat Suitability ◽  
Recent Decade ◽  
Species Distribution Modelling ◽  
Iucn Red List ◽  
Critically Endangered ◽  
Global Biodiversity Information Facility ◽  
Lowland Tropical Forest ◽  
Scientific Papers ◽  
In The Wild ◽  
Suitable Habitats

Abstract Nepenthes sumatrana is a tropical pitcher plant endemic to Sumatra. It has been categorised as critically endangered based on the IUCN Red List. It often occupies in lowland tropical forest of Sumatra. Its habitat has been threatened by land use conversion in the recent decade. Due to the high threats in the wild, the conservation efforts are necessarily required. It is not possible to assess all locations that are suitable for this species. In terms of addressing that issue, Species Distribution Modelling is considered as an alternative way to identify the regions that have the similar environmental conditions to where the species is known to occur. The occurrence records were derived from Global Biodiversity Information Facility and reliable scientific papers. Topography, soil, climate and land cover were used as predictors of the model. MaxEnt algorithm was used to predict the habitat suitability. MaxEnt produces a predictive model with the AUC value of 0.833 indicating that the model has a good performance. The suitable habitats are predicted in several different locations in Sumatra. The information about predicted suitability habitat would be useful to prioritize the protected areas of this species. Furthermore, our findings would be valuable for the discovery of unknown subpopulation.

scholarly journals Distribution, status, and conservation of Camellia changii Ye (Theaceae), a Critically Endangered plant endemic to southern China

Oryx ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 48 (3) ◽  
pp. 358-360 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hai Ren ◽  
Shuguang Jian ◽  
Yongju Chen ◽  
Hong Liu ◽  
Qianmei Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nature Reserve ◽  
Sandy Loam ◽  
Southern China ◽  
Conservation Status ◽  
Species Conservation ◽  
Iucn Red List ◽  
Critically Endangered ◽  
Ex Situ ◽  
Flowering Rate ◽  
In The Wild

AbstractThe distribution of the endemic threatened plant Camellia changii Ye (Family Theaceae) is restricted to a small area in southern China, and little else is known about its status in the wild. To provide information for the conservation of C. changii we investigated its distribution, population size and structure, and habitat, and assessed its conservation status. Surveys confirmed that the species grows in a narrow band along both sides of a 4 km long segment of a stream in Ehuangzhang Nature Reserve, under the discontinuous canopy of a secondary evergreen broadleaved forest on well-drained, acidic sandy loam soil. We found a total of 1,039 individuals of C. changii. The population has a high flowering rate but a low seed-setting rate. The population appears to be in decline because no seedlings and few young plants were evident. Our findings indicate that C. changii should be categorized as Critically Endangered on the IUCN Red List. We have recommended an integrated species-conservation plan for the species that includes patrolling the Ehuangzhang Nature Reserve to prevent plant removal, establishing an ex situ living collection that contains the entire wild genetic diversity (accomplished by grafting of short cuttings from all wild individuals), facilitating propagation for commercial use, and implementing reintroduction to augment the wild population.

Niche modelling of the potential distribution of the Egyptian Vulture Neophron percnopterus during summer and winter in Iran, to identify gaps in protected area coverage

2018 ◽  
Vol 29 (03) ◽  
pp. 423-436 ◽  
Author(s):  
AZITA FARASHI ◽  
MOHAMMAD ALIZADEH-NOUGHANI
Keyword(s):  
Protected Areas ◽  
Species Distribution Modelling ◽  
Iucn Red List ◽  
Suitable Habitat ◽  
Niche Modelling ◽  
Mammal Species ◽  
Egyptian Vulture ◽  
The North ◽  
Neophron Percnopterus ◽  
Suitable Habitats

SummaryAn analysis of the extent of overlap between habitats of the Egyptian Vulture Neophron percnopterus during summer and winter in Iran, and Iranian protected areas, discovered slight overlap between the two. Our study aimed to survey suitable habitats of the Egyptian Vulture during summer and winter in Iran using MaxEnt, a species distribution modelling method, and compare the results with the locations and span of protected areas. Model fitness was assessed using the area under the ROC-plot and True Skill Statistics. We found that habitat suitability in Iran varies for the Egyptian Vulture during summer and winter. Summer visitors are scattered in the north and west of Iran, concentrated along the Zagros and Alborz mountain ranges. Winter visitors and residents are scattered in coastal areas in the south. Habitat protection for winter visitors was the greatest, with 10% of suitable habitat covered, while less than 10% of suitable habitat for residents and summer visitors fell within protected areas. The Egyptian Vulture is categorised as ‘Endangered’ on the IUCN Red List. Different environmental factors influence the suitability of habitat for the species. While some factors such as NDVI and anthropogenic disturbance influence all visitors in a similar way, the effects of others such as elevation and distance from protected areas vary for summer and winter visitors. Since designation of protected areas in Iran is mainly determined by the distribution of mammal species, protection of bird habitats is often overlooked. Suitable habitat for the species should be considered when selecting protected areas in future.

scholarly journals Modeling habitat suitability of vulnerable Mollucan Babirusa Babyrousa babyrussa in small island of Buru, Indonesia

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andri A Wibowo
Keyword(s):  
Habitat Suitability ◽  
Iucn Red List ◽  
Small Island ◽  
Primary Forest ◽  
Suitable Habitat ◽  
Suitability Analysis ◽  
The South ◽  
Soil Elevation ◽  
Barren Soil ◽  
Suitable Habitats

Babirusa is a mammal belongs to Suidae family. This mammal belongs to Babyrousa genus is known endemic to Indonesia. Recently there are 3 species of Babyrousa, one species is Babyrousa babyrussa, listed as Vulnerable on the IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Babyrousa occurs in Indonesia on Sulawesi island, Togian, Sula islands, and Taliabu, Mangole and Buru islands in the Molucca regions. The Moluccan Babirusa is now restricted to upland forests and mountainous terrain. Then this study aims to assess the suitability of Buru island as habitat for Moluccan Babirusa. The suitability analysis was based on GIS analysis using 4 determinant environmental variables required by B. babyrussa species including NDVI, barren soil, elevation, and river network. The particular location was a Batabual landscape sizing 292.60 km2 located in the east parts of Buru island. Based on NDVI, less vegetation covers were observed in north and east parts of Batabual. In contrast, NDVI values were higher in the central, west, and south indicating that half of the landscape was covered by intact primary forest. Batabual has a hilly landscape surrounded by coastal areas with hilly areas were observed in the south and west. There were 2 river streams in the east parts. The analysis has divided the landscape into several parts based on the habitat suitability levels. About one third of the landscape located in north was considered less and not suitable for Babirusa. Some areas in west were also considered moderate to be inhabited by Babirusa considering a presence of hilly landscape that may limit the vertical distribution of Babirusa. Most suitable habitats were estimated in central parts of the landscape spanning to the south. South parts of the landscape were characterized by high NDVI values and forest covers then these areas were considered as suitable habitats for Babirusa. The size of this suitable habitat was estimated around 188.62 km2 or more than half of the size (64.46%) of Batabual landscape.

Genetic Diversity and Structure of the Nile Soft-Shelled Turtle (Trionyx triunguis) Along the Mediterranean coast of Turkey

2020 ◽  
Vol 27 (6) ◽  
pp. 307-315
Author(s):  
Özgür Güçlü ◽  
Bülent Bozdoğan
Keyword(s):  
Microsatellite Loci ◽  
Geographic Distance ◽  
Iucn Red List ◽  
Genetic Variations ◽  
Mediterranean Coast ◽  
Critically Endangered ◽  
Mediterranean Populations ◽  
Genetic Diversity And Structure ◽  
Polymorphic Microsatellite ◽  
The Mediterranean

The Nile soft-shelled turtle (Trionyx triunguis) is distributed between Dalyan and Samandağ throughout the Mediterranean coast in Turkey. The Mediterranean subpopulation of the Nile soft-shelled turtle is listed as critically endangered in the IUCN Red List Categories. This investigation aimed to determinate levels of genetic variations and patterns of genetic structures among Mediterranean populations in Turkey by using T. triunguis-specific microsatellite primers. A total of 13 polymorphic microsatellite loci were studied among samples of 121 individuals collected from five populations in Turkey. Of 13 polymorphic microsatellite loci used, 3 new were identified in this study. The genetic differentiation among the 5 studied populations of T. triunguis was significant (p 0.001). The analysis of molecular variance (AMOVA) indicated that genetic variations occurred mainly within populations (89.7%) rather than among populations (10.3%). Structure analysis showed presence of two main groups among the Mediterranean T. triunguis populations. However genetic variations among populations were not correlated with geographic distance between the locations. Analysis of data showed that one of the populations (Dalyan) had undergone a bottleneck effect. Migration analysis indicates that T. triunguis migrates between five Mediterranean populations in Turkey. We concluded that based on our results the status of ‘critically endangered’ of T. triunguis should be maintained. Long term population genetic survey studies should be undertaken and changes in habitats of T. triunguis populations, as well as their population size and structure should be monitored for each population to be able to establish a clear strategy for protection of T. triunguis.

Estimating the exposure of carnivorous plants to rapid climatic change

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthew C. Fitzpatrick ◽  
Aaron M. Ellison
Keyword(s):  
Climatic Change ◽  
Habitat Suitability ◽  
Species Distributions ◽  
Dispersal Limitation ◽  
Small Population ◽  
Carnivorous Plant ◽  
Carnivorous Plants ◽  
Habitat Specialization ◽  
Population Sizes ◽  
Suitable Habitats

Climatic change likely will exacerbate current threats to carnivorous plants. However, estimating the severity of climatic change is challenged by the unique ecology of carnivorous plants, including habitat specialization, dispersal limitation, small ranges, and small population sizes. We discuss and apply methods for modeling species distributions to overcome these challenges and quantify the vulnerability of carnivorous plants to rapid climatic change. Results suggest that climatic change will reduce habitat suitability for most carnivorous plants. Models also project increases in habitat suitability for many species, but the extent to which these increases may offset habitat losses will depend on whether individuals can disperse to and establish in newly suitable habitats outside of their current distribution. Reducing existing stressors and protecting habitats where numerous carnivorous plant species occur may ameliorate impacts of climatic change on this unique group of plants.

Detection of critically endangered marine species with dwindling populations in the wild using eDNA gives hope for sawfishes

2021 ◽  
Vol 168 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ramón Bonfil ◽  
Paola Palacios-Barreto ◽  
Oscar Uriel Mendoza Vargas ◽  
Melina Ricaño-Soriano ◽  
Píndaro Díaz-Jaimes
Keyword(s):  
Marine Species ◽  
Critically Endangered ◽  
In The Wild

scholarly journals Predicting Impacts of Climate Change on Northward Range Expansion of Invasive Weeds in South Korea

Plants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (8) ◽  
pp. 1604
Author(s):  
Sun Hee Hong ◽  
Yong Ho Lee ◽  
Gaeun Lee ◽  
Do-Hun Lee ◽  
Pradeep Adhikari
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
South Korea ◽  
Habitat Suitability ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Southern Region ◽  
Suitable Habitat ◽  
Invasive Weeds ◽  
Northern Regions ◽  
Suitable Habitats ◽  
Control And Management

Predicting the distribution of invasive weeds under climate change is important for the early identification of areas that are susceptible to invasion and for the adoption of the best preventive measures. Here, we predicted the habitat suitability of 16 invasive weeds in response to climate change and land cover changes in South Korea using a maximum entropy modeling approach. Based on the predictions of the model, climate change is likely to increase habitat suitability. Currently, the area of moderately suitable and highly suitable habitats is estimated to be 8877.46 km2, and 990.29 km2, respectively, and these areas are expected to increase up to 496.52% by 2050 and 1439.65% by 2070 under the representative concentration pathways 4.5 scenario across the country. Although habitat suitability was estimated to be highest in the southern regions (<36° latitude), the central and northern regions are also predicted to have substantial increases in suitable habitat areas. Our study revealed that climate change would exacerbate the threat of northward weed invasions by shifting the climatic barriers of invasive weeds from the southern region. Thus, it is essential to initiate control and management strategies in the southern region to prevent further invasions into new areas.

scholarly journals Microsatellite analysis reveals low genetic diversity in managed populations of the critically endangered gharial (Gavialis gangeticus) in India

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Surya Prasad Sharma ◽  
Mirza Ghazanfarullah Ghazi ◽  
Suyash Katdare ◽  
Niladri Dasgupta ◽  
Samrat Mondol ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Indian Subcontinent ◽  
Population Decline ◽  
Mitochondrial Control Region ◽  
Critically Endangered ◽  
Term Survival ◽  
Low Level ◽  
Genetic Status ◽  
In The Wild ◽  
Gavialis Gangeticus

AbstractThe gharial (Gavialis gangeticus) is a critically endangered crocodylian, endemic to the Indian subcontinent. The species has experienced severe population decline during the twentieth century owing to habitat loss, poaching, and mortalities in passive fishing. Its extant populations have largely recovered through translocation programmes initiated in 1975. Understanding the genetic status of these populations is crucial for evaluating the effectiveness of the ongoing conservation efforts. This study assessed the genetic diversity, population structure, and evidence of genetic bottlenecks of the two managed populations inhabiting the Chambal and Girwa Rivers, which hold nearly 80% of the global gharial populations. We used seven polymorphic nuclear microsatellite loci and a 520 bp partial fragment of the mitochondrial control region (CR). The overall mean allelic richness (Ar) was 2.80 ± 0.40, and the observed (Ho) and expected (He) heterozygosities were 0.40 ± 0.05 and 0.39 ± 0.05, respectively. We observed low levels of genetic differentiation between populations (FST = 0.039, P < 0.05; G’ST = 0.058, P < 0.05 Jost’s D = 0.016, P < 0.05). The bottleneck analysis using the M ratio (Chambal = 0.31 ± 0.06; Girwa = 0.41 ± 0.12) suggested the presence of a genetic bottleneck in both populations. The mitochondrial CR also showed a low level of variation, with two haplotypes observed in the Girwa population. This study highlights the low level of genetic diversity in the two largest managed gharial populations in the wild. Hence, it is recommended to assess the genetic status of extant wild and captive gharial populations for planning future translocation programmes to ensure long-term survival in the wild.

scholarly journals Monitoring invasive mammalian predator populations sharing habitat with the Critically Endangered Puerto Rican parrot Amazona vittata

Oryx ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 40 (1) ◽  
pp. 95-102 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard Engeman ◽  
Desley Whisson ◽  
Jessica Quinn ◽  
Felipe Cano ◽  
Pedro Quiñones ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Puerto Rican ◽  
Habitat Type ◽  
Critically Endangered ◽  
Mammal Species ◽  
Forest Sites ◽  
The World ◽  
Mammalian Predators ◽  
In The Wild ◽  
Amazona Vittata ◽  
Black Rats

Critically Endangered Puerto Rican parrots Amazona vittata are one of the rarest birds in the world. Several exotic mammal species capable of preying on Puerto Rican parrots cohabit the Caribbean National Forest with the only wild population of these parrots. We used tracking plates, monitoring blocks and trapping to index black rats, small Indian mongooses and feral cats in parrot habitat and in public-use areas in the same habitat type. We had high trap success for black rats at all sites (42% of all sites combined), among the highest reported in the world. Rat response to monitoring (nontoxic bait) blocks was universally high, regardless of ground or tree placement. Mongooses were present at all sites, with a greater proportion of plates tracked within the forest than at public-use sites. Cats were present at all forest sites and one of the public-use sites. Presence of the three species did not appear to be linked to human disturbance. Because only 30–40 Puerto Rican parrots survive in the wild, with as few as three pairs nesting in 2002, we concluded that the abundance and pervasiveness of exotic mammalian predators poses a greater threat to the parrots than has been generally acknowledged. This is evidenced by mammalian predation during recent parrot breeding seasons, including six fledglings taken by mongooses and one nest failure from rats during 2000–2003.

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