scholarly journals Bio-priming of Aceh local chili seeds in the effort to increase production and begomo virus resistance

2022 ◽  
Vol 951 (1) ◽  
pp. 012081
Author(s):  
S Hafsah ◽  
Yusnizar ◽  
Nura ◽  
K S Kaloko ◽  
F Reza ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Incubation Period ◽  
Disease Incidence ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Resistance Response ◽  
Disease Symptoms ◽  
Crown Width ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Two Factors ◽  
Induce Resistance ◽  
Banda Aceh

Abstract The purpose of this study was to determine whether P60 could induce resistance in local Aceh chili varieties to begomovirus and compared with national varieties. This research was conducted at the Experimental Farm, Genetics and Plant Breeding Laboratory, Faculty of Agriculture, Syiah Kuala University, Banda Aceh, from March to July 2021. This study used a factorial randomized block design. The tested factors consisted of two factors. The first factor is bio priming. The second factor consists of four local Aceh chili varieties, namely: V1 = Odeng, V2 = Lanyoe, V3 = Super Lamando and V4 = LamandoLapaben and one national variety, namely V5 = Baja F1 as a comparison variety. The results showed that the best local Aceh variety was LamandoLapaben for the variables of resistance response, incubation period, disease intensity, disease incidence, stem diameter, and crown width. The best local variety Aceh Lanyoe on plant height and dichotomous height parameters. Giving P60 can reduce the percentage of disease incidence by 52.00% and slow down the process of emergence of disease symptoms (incubation period) 27.11 DAP. The best combination treatment was the LamandoLapaben variety, which was 1.41 milligram Units-1 (Umg)-1.

scholarly journals Tolerance Screening of Sugarcane Varieties Toward Waterlogging Stress

2020 ◽  
Vol 142 ◽  
pp. 03007
Author(s):  
Sholeh Avivi ◽  
Silvia Fitri Mei Arini ◽  
Sigit Soeparjono ◽  
Didik Pudji Restanto ◽  
Wahyu Indra Duwi Fanata ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stomatal Density ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Leaf Size ◽  
Leaf Angle ◽  
Resistance Response ◽  
Branch Number ◽  
Waterlogging Stress ◽  
Sugarcane Varieties ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Two Factors

The aim of this research was to obtain the resistant plant toward waterlogging stress. The research used complete randomized block design (RBD) with two factors and three replications. The first factors of sugarcane variety are PS 8845, VMC 7616, BL, VMC 86550, PSJK 922 and PS 864. The second factor is the treatments of waterlogging on the level of treatment, that is, without waterlogging, 6, 9, and 12 weeks of waterlogging in bucket. The research results showed that the differences in resistance response of several tested varieties were seen in parameters of number of leaves, number of yellowing leaves, fresh weight of plant, plant height, stem diameter, root length, root’s branch, number of tillers, chlorophyll content, the rate of photosynthesis, stomatal density, shoot leaf size, and leaf angle. Quantitative data character were analysed using ANOVA and DMRT. The conclusion of this research were that PS 8845 and VMC 7616 variety can be recommended as a variety that is resistant to water logging stress. While variety PSJK 922 showed the worst response in condition of waterlogging stress.

scholarly journals Perkembangan Penyakit Diplodia pada Tiga Isolat Botryodiplodia theobromae Path dan Peran Toksin Dalam Menekan Penyakit pada Jeruk (Citrus spp.)

2018 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 231 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mutia Erti Dwiastuti ◽  
Gusti Ngurah Ketut Budiarta ◽  
Loekas Soesanto
Keyword(s):  
Incubation Period ◽  
Sweet Orange ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Pathogenicity Test ◽  
Botryodiplodia Theobromae ◽  
Disease Symptoms ◽  
Crude Toxin ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Necrotic Symptom ◽  
Citrus Varieties

<p>Penyakit diplodia (Botryodiplodia theobromae) pada tanaman jeruk menyebar cukup luas di sentra jeruk Indonesia. Serangan parah penyakit dapat menyebabkan kematian apabila tidak dikendalikan. Tujuan penelitian adalah mengetahui patogenisitas dan peran toksin dari tiga isolat B. theobromae asal Pasuruan dan Magetan pada jeruk siam, pamelo, dan manis. Penelitian dilakukan di Laboratorium dan Rumah Kasa Balai Penelitian Tanaman Jeruk dan Buah Subtropika pada bulan November 2015 – Mei 2016. Penelitian terdiri atas dua percobaan, yaitu uji patogenisitas pada tanaman dan uji toksin kasar pada skala laboratorium. Uji patogenisitas menggunakan rancangan acak kelompok dengan sembilan kombinasi perlakuan terdiri atas tiga jenis isolat, yaitu Mg52A.1, dan Mg39.2 (asal Magetan), Ps8b (asal Pasuruan), serta tiga jenis tanaman jeruk (pamelo, siam, manis). Parameter pengamatan terdiri atas masa inkubasi, jumlah sampel nekrosis, dan luas gejala. Perlakuan pengujian toksin terdiri atas kontrol tanpa toksin, toksin kasar isolat Mg52A.1, toksin kasar isolat Mg39.2, dan toksin kasar isolat Ps8b. Aplikasi toksin dilakukan pada daun tiga varietas jeruk dengan rancangan acak lengkap, tiap perlakuan diulang tiga kali dan masing masing terdiri atas dua daun asal tanaman yang berbeda. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa masa inkubasi isolat Mg39.2 lebih cepat dibandingkan dengan isolat Mg52A.1 dan Ps8b. Ketiga isolat patogen B. theobromae asal Pasuruan dan Magetan memiliki patogenisitas yang sama dalam menimbulkan gejala penyakit pada jeruk pamelo, siam, dan manis, sedangkan toksin hanya berperan dalam mempercepat masa inkubasi.</p><p>Diplodia disease (Botryodiplodia theobromae) spread quite widely in Indonesia citrus center. Severe attacks of disease can cause death if it not controlled. The purpose of this study was determine the pathogenicity and the effect of toxins from three isolates of B. theobromae origin Pasuruan and Magetan on tangerine, pummelo, and sweet orange varieties. The study was conducted at Indonesian Citrus and Subtropical Research Institute during November 2015 – May 2016. This observation consisted of two experiments that pathogenicity test in screenhouse and crude toxin of patogen test in laboratory. Pathogenicity test used randomized block design arranged as factorial. The first factor was three isolates: Mg52A.1, Mg39.2 (from Magetan), Ps8b (from Pasuruan) and the second factor were kind of citrus (pummelo, tangerine , and sweet orange). The observation parameter consist of the incubation period, the number of necrotic samples and visual symptom. Crude toxin test treatment consists of a control test toxin without toxins, crude toxin Mg52A.1, crude toxin Mg39.2 toxin, crude toxin Ps8b. Application toxin carried out on the three leaf varieties of oranges. Each treatment was repeated three times and each consists of two leaves of different varieties. The results showed that the incubation period Mg39.2 isolates faster than two other isolates. Infection with different isolates and treatment of different citrus varieties shows that it did not different significantly in causing disease symptom of diplodia. Similarly result on crude toxin treatment with three isolates on three varieties showed that it were not different necrotic symptom. Thus the three isolates of pathogens B.theobromae origin from Pasuruan and Magetan have the same pathogenicity in causing disease symptoms in citrus pummelo, tangerine, and sweet orange. Toxin only play a role in accelerating the incubation period.</p>

scholarly journals PENGIMBASAN KETAHANAN BIBIT PISANG AMBON KUNING TERHADAP PENYAKIT LAYU FUSARIUM DENGAN BEBERAPA JAMUR ANTAGONIS

2009 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 130-140
Author(s):  
Loekas Soesanto ◽  
Ruth Feti Rahayuniati
Keyword(s):  
Population Density ◽  
Incubation Period ◽  
Disease Severity ◽  
Induced Resistance ◽  
Fusarium Wilt ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Antagonistic Fungi ◽  
Trichoderma Koningii ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Induce Resistance

Induced resistance of Ambon Kuning cultivar banana seedling to fusarium wilt with antagonistic fungi.  A research aiming at knowing the effect of antagonistic fungi supernatant on banana induced resistance, Fusarium wilt development, and banana growth was carried out from July up to December 2008. Randomized Block Design was used with four replicates. Treatments tested were control, with supernatant of Gliocladium virens, Trichoderma harzianum isolated from banana, ginger, and ginseng, Trichoderma koningii, and Fusarium equiseti, applied by injection to banana seedling corm and soaked for five minutes. Variables observed were incubation period, disease severity, Foc population density, germination inhibition, growth component, phenolic compound content, and supporting component. Result of the research indicated that the supernatant of G. virens, T. harzianum, and T. koningii could significantly induce resistance of the seedling showed by increasing the phenolic content such as glycoside, saponin, and tannin. The supernatant of all antagonistic fungi could effectively control the disease showed by lengthening incubation period as 48.71%, decreasing the disease severity as 53.57%, decreasing infection rate as 61.48%, increasing the antagonistic effectivity as 51.26%, decreasing the late population density as 45.35%, and decreasing the inoculum inside the plant as 60-100%. The extract could improve the seedling growth.

PENGARUH KOMPOS SAMPAH KOTA DAN PUPUK KANDANG SAPI TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN DAN HASIL TANAMAN PAKCOY (BRASSICA RAPA, L. CHINENSIS) PADA ALUVIAL KABUPATEN INDRAMAYU

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 153-163
Author(s):  
Wiwik Ambarsari ◽  
Henly Yuliana
Keyword(s):  
Plant Height ◽  
Brassica Rapa ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Cattle Manure ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Two Factors ◽  
Number Of Leaves ◽  
Experimental Garden

The study aimed to determine the effect of the combination of city waste compost and cattle manure on the growth and yield of pakcoy plants (Brassica rapa, L. Chinensis) in Aluvial, Indramayu Regency. The study was conducted at the Experimental Garden of the Faculty of Agriculture, Wiralodra University, Indramayu Regency from March to August 2018. This study used Factorial Pattern Randomized Block Design with two factors. The first factor is city waste compost and the second factor is cattle manure with 4 levels: 0%, 3.0%, 6.0%, and 9.0%, repeated twice. The results showed that there was an independent influence between city waste compost and cattle manure on plant height and number of leaves. The best combination to increase the feasibility weight of pakcoy consumption is by giving city waste compost 9.0% (S4) and cattle manure 6.0% (K3).

scholarly journals Serapan Hara N, P, K dan Pertumbuhan Tanaman Jagung Pada Berbagai Dosis Pupuk Anorganik dan Organik di Tanah Inceptisol

2021 ◽  
pp. 55-66
Author(s):  
Mulyati Mulyati ◽  
Baharuddin AB ◽  
R Sri Tejo Wulan
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Nutrient Uptake ◽  
Agronomic Traits ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Organic Fertilizer ◽  
Fertilizer Application ◽  
Organic Fertilizers ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Two Factors ◽  
Inorganic And Organic

The use of inorganic fertilizers has an important role in increasing plant growth and production. But it also causes various problems such as decreasing soil organic matter, soil acidity, soil degradation, nutrient imbalance and increasing environmental pollution. Therefore, it needs to be balanced with the provision of organic fertilizers. A field experiment was conducted to study the effect of application of various doses of inorganic and organic fertilizers on N, P, K nutrient uptake and maize plant growth. The experimental design used was a randomized block design arranged in a factorial manner consisting of two factors. The first factor is the dose of inorganic fertilizer (A): 0, 150 and 300 kg ha-1 phonska and the second factor is organic fertilizer plus (P): 0, 10, 20 tons ha-1. The two factors were combined and each treatment combination was repeated three times. The data obtained were analyzed by analysis of variance at the 5% level of significance. The results showed that there was no interaction between the application of inorganic and organic fertilizers on the growth and nutrient uptake of N, P and K. However, the application of inorganic and organic fertilizers had a significant effect on all tested agronomic traits except for plant height. Nutrient uptake of N, P and K also increased significantly due to the application of inorganic and organic fertilizers. The balance of inorganic and organic fertilizer application increases the availability of nutrients as well as the uptake of N, P, and K nutrients by maize plants.

scholarly journals Resistance Response of Maize Germplasm to Downy Mildew [Peronosclerospora philipinensis]

2018 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 43
Author(s):  
Syahrir Pakki ◽  
Mappaganggang Mappaganggang
Keyword(s):  
Downy Mildew ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Susceptible Variety ◽  
Resistant Variety ◽  
Average Intensity ◽  
Standard Score ◽  
Resistance Response ◽  
Maize Germplasm ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Moderately Resistant

<p>Two experiments to study responses of resistance of maize germplasm to downy mildew (Peronosclerospora philipinensis) have been conducted. Both experiments were arranged in randomized block design with two replication. The treatments in each experiment (2014 and 2016) were 70 maize accessions. The accessions were planted in planting distant of 75 cm × 20 cm, in 5 m rows, resulting in 20 plants per row. In every 10 rows, two check varieties were planted, i.e. one susceptible and one resistant variety. Ten days prior to planting, the soil was fertilized with mixed fertilizers consisted of urea, ZA, SP36, and KCl at a dose of 100, 100, 100, and 100 kg/ha, respectively. Fertilization II and III was given at 30 days after planting, and 45 days after planting with a dose of 100 kg urea/ha. As a source of inoculum downy mildew, around the repeated plot was planted with varieties Anoman variety (susceptible variety) that was inoculated with a suspension of downy mildew pathogen. Observation was conducted at 25, 35, and 55 days after planting, with the standard score of resistant to downy mildew, followed: 0–10% = resistant, 11–25% = moderately resistant, 26–50% = moderately susceptible, &gt;50% = susceptible. The result of the experiments showed that there were 5 accessions resistant to downy mildew (P. philipinensis), i.e. CML 440×MR4-9-30-3, 664, 60, 572, and 554 with the intensity of downy mildew infection ranged from 5 to 10%. Twelve other accessions were classified as moderately resistant, i.e. CML 440×MR4-9-98-2, 440×MR4-9-98-4 CML, CML 440×MR4-9-124-1, 66, 71, 319, 108, 73, 48, 105, 554, and 682 with intensity of infection ranged from 13 to 25%. At the same experiments, the average intensity of downy mildew infection on susceptible check varieties reached 100 percent.</p>

scholarly journals Peran Pupuk Organik dalam Peningkatan Efisiensi Pupuk Anorganik pada Padi Sawah (Oryza sativa L.)

2015 ◽  
Vol 43 (1) ◽  
pp. 8
Author(s):  
Totong Siwanto ◽  
Sugiyanta , ◽  
Maya Melati
Keyword(s):  
Oryza Sativa L ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Organic Fertilizer ◽  
Biological Properties ◽  
Paddy Rice ◽  
Inorganic Fertilizer ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Research Station ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Two Factors

ABSTRACT<br />Application of organic fertilizer into the soil is designated as a source of macro, micro nutrients and organic acids; it also acts as soil ameliorant that improve physical, chemical and biological properties of soil. Application of high rates organic fertilizer has a constraint namely the availability and ease of application. Therefore, it is necessary to learn the use of organic fertilizer with low rates to improve the efficiency of chemical fertilizers. This research was aimed to study the effect of organic and inorganic fertilizers on growth and yield of paddy rice, as well as the efficiency of N, P, K inorganic fertilizer. Field experiment was conducted at Sawah Baru Research Station, University Farm IPB, Bogor, West Java from September to December 2013. The experiment used Randomized Block Design consisted of two factors: rates of organic fertilizer (0, 250, 500, 750, and 1,000 kg ha-1), and rates of inorganic fertilizer (0, 100, 200, 300, and 400 kg ha-1). The results suggested that the application of 1,000 kg organic fertilizer ha-1 + 400 kg inorganic fertilizer ha-1 did not show significant interaction. Application of organic fertilizer alone up to 1,000 kg ha-1 resulted in low growth and yield. Increasing rates of  application up to 400 kg inorganic fertilizer ha-1 increased the growth and yield of paddy rice. The highest N efficiency was 89.19% at a rate of 500 kg organic fertilizer ha-1 + 200 kg inorganic fertilizer ha-1, whereas the highest efficiency of P and K, respectively were 69.55% and 92.52% at a rate of 750 kg organic fertilizer ha-1 + 300 kg inorganic fertilizer ha-1.<br />Keywords: NPK, organic fertilizer, paddy rice

scholarly journals Growth Response of Mucuna Cuttings to Concentration and Duration of Soaking Shallot Extract

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 122-129
Author(s):  
Enda Sabda Gentri Sembiring ◽  
Julaili Irni ◽  
Rama Riana Sitinjak ◽  
Bayu Pratomo
Keyword(s):  
Growth Response ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Duncan Multiple Range Test ◽  
Soaking Time ◽  
Extract Concentration ◽  
Survival Percentage ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Two Factors ◽  
Number Of Leaves ◽  
Range Test

Introduction: This study aims to determine the growth response of Mucuna bracteata cuttings to the concentration and duration of soaking shallot extract. Materials and Methods: This study used a factorial Randomized Block Design (RBD) with two factors, namely: shallot extract concentration (P) consists of 4 levels, include P0= untreated, P1= 10 ml, P2= 20 ml, P3= 30 ml, meanwhile the soaking time (Q) consists of 4 levels, such as Q0= momentarily dipping, Q1= 15 minutes, Q2= 30 minutes, Q3= 45 minutes. The data was processed by ANOVA and if significant, then further tested with Duncan Multiple Range Test (DMRT) at the rate of 5%. Results: The concentration of shallot extract, soaking time and their interaction had a very significant effect on the survival percentage of Mucuna bracteata D.C. cuttings. The highest survival percentage of cuttings of Mucuna bracteata on the effect of shallot extract concentration and soaking time was obtained in the P0Q0, P0Q1, and P3Q2 treatments after the lid was opened at 4 weeks after planting. In the number of leaves also had significant effect in the interaction of two factors

scholarly journals Pengaruh Konsentrasi Zat Pengatur Tumbuh dan Bagian Asal Bibit Terhadap Pertumbuhan Vegetatif Pembibitan Tebu

2021 ◽  
pp. 47-56
Author(s):  
Oki Puspita Wardani ◽  
Priyadi Priyadi ◽  
Yatmin Yatmin
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Growth Substances ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Seed Growth ◽  
Two Factors ◽  
Seed Origin ◽  
Plant Growth Substances

This study was conducted on Pujodadi Village, Trimurjo, Central Lampung from September to December 2020. The study used a factorial randomized block design with two factors and three replications. The first factor is concentration of plant growth substances which consists of 5 levels; Z0 (0 ml.lt-1), Z1 (3.5 ml.lt-1), Z2 (7 ml.lt-1), Z3 (10.5 ml.lt-1) and Z4 (14 ml.lt-1). The second factor is the origin of the seed consists of three parts; P1 (top), P2 (middle), and P3 (bottom). The research objective was to study the effect of plant growth substances concentration and part of seed origin in sugarcane seedlings. The results showed that the plant growth substances concentration significantly increased the percentage of growth and the time 50% of the seeds sprouted. The seed origin of the top part showed the best growth compared to the middle and bottom. There was no interaction between plant growth substances concentration and seed origin on sugarcane seed growth.

scholarly journals Pertumbuhan dan Produksi Dioscorea sansibarensis Pax pada Perlakuan Panjang lanjaran dan Waktu Batang Membelit*

2018 ◽  
Vol 45 (3) ◽  
pp. 249
Author(s):  
Solikin ,
Keyword(s):  
Block Design ◽  
Soil Surface ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Botanic Garden ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Two Factors ◽  
Main Plot ◽  
Total Plant ◽  
Total Dry Weight

Dioscorea is potentially used as staple food to support food security. The research was aimed to determine the effect of stake length and time of  stem twining  on  the growth of Dioscorea sansibarensis Pax. The experiment was conducted  in  Purwodadi Botanic Garden from December 2014 until May 2015 using split plot randomized block design consisted of two factors, i.e. the stake length and time of stem twining. The stake length was the main plot consisted of 150 cm, 100 cm and 50 cm above soil surface and without stake (control). The time of stem twining as subplots, i.e. stem twined early, twined at the time of 4 leaves stage, and twined at 8 leaves stage. Each combination of the treatments was replicated three times. The results showed that there was significant effect on the stake length  and the time of stem twining treatments on the plant growth and yield. The stake  length of 150 cm treatment produced the highest fresh tuber and total plant dry weight, i.e., 257.24 g and 132.77 g per plant, respectively. On the contrary, the plant without stake produced the lowest fresh tuber and  total dry weight of plant, i.e., 112.10 g and 48.65 g per plant, respectively.<br /><br />Keywords: biomass,leaf area, photosyntesis, tuber weight

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