scholarly journals Study Results and Obtaining High Ventilation Air Quality in Architecture for an Old Shopping Centre Public Utility Building with Modernised EL. Heating in Warsaw, District, Poland

2021 ◽  
Vol 1203 (3) ◽  
pp. 032140
Author(s):  
Jan Wrana ◽  
Wojciech Struzik
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Air Quality ◽  
District Heating ◽  
Electrical Energy ◽  
Heating System ◽  
Public Utility ◽  
Operating Costs ◽  
Electrical Heating ◽  
Shopping Centre ◽  
Study Results

Abstract The subject of this paper is the study of a public utility building, a shopping centre in Warsaw/Targówek, carried out as part of the programme of “Research for obtaining high air quality in architecture. The purpose of the study of the building is to utilise a new technology which will lead to reductions in electrical and heat energy consumption and cuts in CO2 emissions in the modernised Shopping Centre Public Utility Building in Warsaw. The building is equipped with systems for obtaining heat and cold from groundwater and is adapted to a low electrical energy consumption level with the lowest primary energy ratio in Poland. It is located in Warsaw and, in addition to the energy sourcing system, features a highly modern control system (BMS). The objective of the study is to demonstrate operating costs for a building with low exterior wall and roof insulation parameters. In addition, the building uses a heating system based solely on electrical heating due to its lack of access to gas and district heating. The conducted studies and analyses allowed a comparison of the operating costs of old buildings following modernisation with those of new buildings.

scholarly journals Study Results and Achieving High Ventilation Air Quality in Architecture for a Public Utility Building – Shopping Centre in Mielec, Poland

2021 ◽  
Vol 1203 (3) ◽  
pp. 032139
Author(s):  
Jan Wrana ◽  
Wojciech Struzik
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Energy Efficient ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
Primary Energy ◽  
Public Utility ◽  
Environment Friendly ◽  
Shopping Centre ◽  
Novel Technology ◽  
Study Results

Abstract The purpose of the current study is to utilise a novel technology that is expected to bring reductions in electrical and heat energy consumption and cut CO2 emissions in the shopping centre public utility building in Mielec. The building is equipped with systems for obtaining heat and cold from groundwater and features the energy consumption level of a passive building with the lowest primary energy ratio (PER) in Poland. This state-of-the-art, innovative, energy-efficient and environment-friendly FCH system with BMS control was subjected to numerous tests and analyses, the details of which will be presented further in this paper. The design assumptions were confirmed and all work parameters were recorded for the system under extreme conditions, including the determination of final energy (FE) and primary energy (PE).

scholarly journals Co-generation: Increasing energy efficiency in Bosnia and Herzegovina

2007 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 85-100
Author(s):  
Alija Lekic ◽  
Semsudin Hadziefendic
Keyword(s):  
Bosnia And Herzegovina ◽  
Low Voltage ◽  
Boiler House ◽  
District Heating ◽  
Electrical Energy ◽  
Heating System ◽  
District Heating System ◽  
The Government ◽  
Electrical Distribution Network ◽  
The City

The main sources for power generation in Bosnia and Herzegovina are domestic coals, mainly lignite and brown coals, which are relatively characterized with a high content of sulphur (3-5%) and incombustibles (?30%). From the 70?s, use of this type of fuels was not allowed in the city of Sarajevo due to very unfavorable emissions to the atmosphere, during the heating period, and since then Sarajevo has been supplied with natural gas. All the heating installations in the city were reconstructed and adapted. The district heating system Toplane Sarajevo is supplied with electrical energy from the Public electrical distribution network (Elektrodistribucija Sarajevo) at low voltage (0.4 kV). The boiler-house Dobrinja III-2 (KDIII-2), from the district heating system of Sarajevo Suburb Dobrinja, which was not in use after the war 1992-1995, had a lot of advantages for the reconstruction into the co-generation plant. The Government of Canton Sarajevo financially supported this proposal. An analysis of co-generations for the district heating system and a selection of most appropriate co-generation systems were made. In the proposed conceptual design, the co-generation KDIII-2 was located in the existing boiler-house KDIII-2, connected with the heating system in Dobrinja. The operating costs of production of electricity and heat were evaluated in the study and compared with the costs of conventional energy supply to the district heating system. This analysis resulted in economic indicators, which showed that this investment was economically viable, and it also determined the payback period of the investment. In this paper results of the mentioned study and an overview of co-generation in Bosnia and Herzegovina are presented.

scholarly journals Hardware-Simulator Development and Implementation for Hydraulic Turbine Generation Systems in a District Heating System

Electronics ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 368 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sung-Soo Jeon ◽  
Young Jae Lee ◽  
Yeongsu Bak ◽  
Kyo-Beum Lee
Keyword(s):  
Control Strategies ◽  
District Heating ◽  
Control Valve ◽  
Electrical Energy ◽  
Heating System ◽  
Hydraulic Turbine ◽  
Pressure Control ◽  
Differential Pressure ◽  
District Heating System ◽  
Pressure Control Valve

This paper presents not only a hardware-simulator development for hydraulic turbine generation systems (HTGS) in a district heating system (DHS) but also its control strategies and sequence. Generally, a DHS uses a differential pressure control valve (DPCV) to supply high-pressure–high-temperature fluids for customers depending on distance. However, long-term exposure of the DPCV to fluids increases the probability of cavitation and leads to heat loss in an event of cavitation. Therefore, a HTGS was introduced to solve this problem. It performs differential pressure control of the fluids, replaces the DPCV, and converts excess energy wasted by the DPCV to electrical energy. In this paper, the development of a hardware-simulator for HTGSs with a back-to-back converter, which uses two-level topologies, is proposed; moreover, control strategies and sequence used in this design are presented. The performance and validity of the proposed hardware-simulator and its control strategies are demonstrated by experimental results.

scholarly journals District heating system simulation considering consumer and pump operation features

Vestnik MGSU ◽  
2019 ◽  
pp. 748-755 ◽  
Author(s):  
Saule K. Abildinova ◽  
Stanislav V. Chicherin
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Model ◽  
Energy Consumption ◽  
District Heating ◽  
Heating System ◽  
Hot Water ◽  
Water Supply Systems ◽  
Problem Solution ◽  
District Heating System ◽  
Pump Station ◽  
Pump Equipment

Introduction. The purpose of this investigation is to show what changes introduced in the mathematical model of a district heating system are capable of considerable improving the convergence of simulation results and actual data. The study evaluates the work of heating supply establishments with their customers as well as analysis of the ways of enhancing pump equipment efficiency that allows saving electric energy or increasing output at the same energy consumption. Materials and methods. Engineering acceptance of newly introduced and reconstructed facilities is conducted, heat loads are corrected, disconnections and recurrent connections of indebted consumers are carried out. Studying data submitted by a local heat supply establishment shows that pump seals made from iron and steel are subject accelerated wear in the course of operation. Results. Three variants of the problem solution are suggested: making seals from bronze or stainless steel, prevention of unjustified increase of seal clearances as well as using labyrinth pump seals. This will allow increasing pump equipment efficiency by 5 to 7 % and save about 2 × 105 kW∙h of electrical energy for every pump or increase of output at the same energy consumption. Taking into account that a pump station is a part of the district heating system and unmachined inner surfaces of the pumps have a significant roughness, grinding of these surfaces can improve their hydraulic characteristics of the pumps. In the scope of the suggested method, the entire district heating system is considered not in the situation when actual load is equal to the sum of all the design loads and the pump equipment has manufacturer’s parameters, but accounting actual loads and characteristics. Conclusions. Mathematical model of district heating system heating and hydraulic mode that takes issues mentioned above into consideration would allow simulating joint operation of the heating and hot water supply systems at transient operation modes with higher accuracy.

scholarly journals Determining the possibility of placing turbine systems for hydraulic regulation and production of electrical energy in the District Heating Network in Krakow

2021 ◽  
Vol 323 ◽  
pp. 00026
Author(s):  
Piotr Natkaniec ◽  
Piotr Dzierwa
Keyword(s):  
Impact Assessment ◽  
Energy Recovery ◽  
District Heating ◽  
Electrical Energy ◽  
Heating System ◽  
Optimal Parameters ◽  
District Heating System ◽  
The Future ◽  
Heating Medium ◽  
Optimal Calculation

This article presents the methods of specifying the potentiality of energy recovery in the turbine installations projected to hydraulic regulation of the heating medium in the Krakow District Heating System. To achieve this, creating hydraulic calculations enabling to indicate the best places to install turbines in District Heating System is necessary. For this reason, a great amount of work - like choosing a methodology and optimal calculation program, creating an actual database for calculations - has to be done. Hydraulic calculations will also help to determine optimal parameters of future instalments, select the most suitable devices necessary for the proper working of turbine installations and create the future impact assessment to District Heating System.

scholarly journals Air Quality Planning and the Minimization of Negative Externalities

Resources ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marco Ravina ◽  
Deborah Panepinto ◽  
Mariachiara Zanetti
Keyword(s):  
Air Quality ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
District Heating ◽  
Heating System ◽  
Negative Externalities ◽  
District Heating System ◽  
Quality Planning ◽  
Air Quality Planning ◽  
The Impact

The minimization of negative externalities is a key aspect in the development of a circular and sustainable economic model. At the local scale, especially in urban areas, externalities are generated by the adverse impacts of air pollution on human health. Local air quality policies and plans often lack of considerations and instruments for the quantification and evaluation of external health costs. Support for decision-makers is needed, in particular during the implementation stage of air quality plans. Modelling tools based on the impact pathway approach can provide such support. In this paper, the implementation of health impacts and externalities analysis in air quality planning is evaluated. The state of the art in European member states is reported, considering whether and how health effects have been included in the planning schemes. The air quality plan of the Piemonte region in Italy is then considered. A case study is analyzed to evaluate a plan action, i.e., the development of the district heating system in the city of Turin. The DIATI (Dipartimento di Ingegneria dell’Ambiente, del Territorio e delle Infrastrutture) Dispersion and Externalities Model (DIDEM model) is applied to detect the scenario with the highest external cost reduction. This methodology results are extensible and adaptable to other actions and measures, as well as other local policies in Europe. The use of health externalities should be encouraged and integrated into the present methodology supporting air quality planning. Efforts should be addressed to quantify and minimize the overall uncertainty of the process.

scholarly journals Effects of implementation of co-generation in the district heating system of the Faculty of Mechanical Engineering in Nis

2010 ◽  
Vol 14 (suppl.) ◽  
pp. 41-51 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mladen Stojiljkovic ◽  
Mirko Stojiljkovic ◽  
Bratislav Blagojevic ◽  
Goran Vuckovic ◽  
Marko Ignjatovic
Keyword(s):  
Natural Gas ◽  
Energy Savings ◽  
Boiler House ◽  
District Heating ◽  
Electrical Energy ◽  
Heating System ◽  
Primary Energy ◽  
District Heating System ◽  
Heating Systems ◽  
District Heating Systems

Implementation of co-generation of thermal and electrical energy in district heating systems often results with higher overall energy efficiency of the systems, primary energy savings and environmental benefits. Financial results depend on number of parameters, some of which are very difficult to predict. After introduction of feed-in tariffs for generation of electrical energy in Serbia, better conditions for implementation of co-generation are created, although in district heating systems barriers are still present. In this paper, possibilities and effects of implementation of natural gas fired cogeneration engines are examined and presented for the boiler house that is a part of the district heating system owned and operated by the Faculty of Mechanical Engineering in Nis. At the moment, in this boiler house only thermal energy is produced. The boilers are natural gas fired and often operate in low part load regimes. The plant is working only during the heating season. For estimation of effects of implementation of co-generation, referent values are taken from literature or are based on the results of measurements performed on site. Results are presented in the form of primary energy savings and greenhouse gasses emission reduction potentials. Financial aspects are also considered and triangle of costs is shown.

A Novel “Wireless On-Off Control” Technique for Household Heat Adjusting and Metering in District Heating System

2009 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lanbin Liu ◽  
Lin Fu ◽  
Yi Jiang
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
District Heating ◽  
Heating System ◽  
Control Technique ◽  
Space Heating ◽  
Indoor Temperature ◽  
District Heating System ◽  
The Real ◽  
Temperature Controller ◽  
The Difference

A large-scale survey and on-site measurements on space heating systems in Beijing has been carried out since 2005. Detailed analysis shows that the improvement of system regulation to adjust the heating demand and to avoid over-heating in building space is the key to reduce the heating energy consumption. It also indicates that combined heat and power (CHP) based district heating network is the most suitable solution for the space heating in Chinese northern cities. Thus, the priority should be in the research and development of new techniques to improve heating system regulation and control. In China, there are three reasons for poor heating system regulation: • the lack of control devices in space heating system, • the complex and inconvenient operation, and • the insufficient motivation because the charging policy is based on the heating areas. Field test results show that 20% to 30% of thermal energy is wasted because of the poor heating system regulation. In order to solve these problems, a novel “wireless on-off control” system for household heat adjusting and metering has been proposed. This technology works in the following way: 1) a calorimeter is installed at each building to measure the total heat consumption of the whole building; 2) an on-off valve is installed for each household and an indoor temperature controller is provided for the occupants. The operation procedure is as follows. First, the desired indoor temperature is set by the users through the indoor temperature controller and wireless signals are sent to the on-off valve. Then the on-off valve detects the real indoor temperature and determines the difference between the real temperature and the set value. After this, the valve calculates the proportion of on-time to off-time in the next step according to the thermal strategies programmed in the valve’ CPU. Then the valve is controlled according to the proportion to maintain the desired indoor temperature; and 3) the heating cost of each household can be allocated according to its heating area and the accumulative open time of the valve. The proposed technique has been applied in fifteen residential communities with the total areas of 1,200,000 m2. The testing results show that: 1) indoor temperatures were accurately controlled within +/− 0.5 °C around the set point, so that the problem of overheating can be avoided; 2) the difference of temperature in different room is less than 1 °C. Therefore, if radiators in each room are designed reasonably, to control the temperature of one room can meet the requirements of the entire user’s apartment; 3) energy consumption in the controlled household was approximately 30% lower than the uncontrolled household with the same building type.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document