scholarly journals Celebrity Politics and Cultural Studies Within the United States and United Kingdom

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark Wheeler
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
United Kingdom ◽  
Public Space ◽  
The United States ◽  
Left Wing ◽  
Digital Platforms ◽  
The Public ◽  
Social Media Platforms ◽  
Celebrity Politics ◽  
Policy Agendas

Celebrity politicians are having a profound impact on the practice of politics within the United States and United Kingdom in the 21st century. With the adoption of social media platforms, celebrity and image candidates have deployed new strategies for attracting constituents. Taken together, the proliferation of celebrity politics and the ubiquity of digital platforms have fostered a unique atmosphere in the contemporary political moment, wherein “outsider” candidates may leverage their fame to launch themselves into the public spotlight. In turn, through their celebrity brands and digital presence both populists such as the U.S. President Donald Trump and left-wing leaders including U.K. Labour leader Jeremy Corbyn have established an “authenticity” in which they “occupy” a public space to define their candidacies. Consequently, as celebrities and image candidates promote political agendas among target audiences/citizens, it is necessary to reflect upon their significance in election campaigns, policy agendas, and activism.

scholarly journals On Oblivion: the Case of Yugoslavian Monopoly

2019 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 111-122
Author(s):  
Zala Pavšič
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Public Space ◽  
Significant Role ◽  
Cultural Memory ◽  
The United States ◽  
Historical Overview ◽  
Board Game ◽  
The Public ◽  
The Balkans ◽  
Board Games

This article on the Yugoslavian version of the board game Monopoly is based on the assumption that things make people. In accordance with this a concept, the contribution begins with a historical overview of the development of this game in the United States, from its origins when it spreads around the country as a popular game, to the current day, when Monopoly is marketed a leading corporation in the field of board games, Hasbro. The popularity of the game is also evident from its presence in the public space in the form of metaphors: because of its emphasis on trading, it is sometimes referred to “greed”, and in the Balkans it can also serve as a metaphor for the nation state.In the memories of my interlocutors who helped me with their testimonies, the Yugoslav version of Monopoly is associated with pleasant memories: especially of childhood, youth and relatives or friends with whom they used to play the game. In my interviews I focused on two topics which did not play such a significant role in the testimonies of the interlocutors, but were, however, common in the testimonies of interviewees who got acquainted with the game as children: to the question of the supposed superiority of Slovenia, as Bled and Bohinj were the most expensive properties, and the presumption that Monopoly is a game which can reproduce cultural memory, in this case knowing the geography of the former common state. The thesis on Slovene superiority proved to rely on generations to which my interviewees belonged, since it appeared especially in the answers of the interlocutors who were born in the late 1980s. Hence, I assume that this thesis was more likely a projection of the outside reality of my interlocutors into the game than vice versa.Analysing the answers of my interlocutors more thoroughly, I reached the conclusion that Monopoly often appeared as the first reference through which they heard about a certain resort in the regions of the former Yugoslavia. This means that Monopoly contained traces of cultural memory which other sources of our everyday lives, education and upbringing ceased to transmit.

scholarly journals Standards on transparency of publicly listed corporations: Information owed to the public?

2014 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 184-192 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dimitrij Euler
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Corporate Governance ◽  
United Kingdom ◽  
The United States ◽  
Financial Information ◽  
Minimum Standard ◽  
Applicable Law ◽  
The Public ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
Listed Corporation

The paper is about domestic laws’ response to the greater need of publicly listed corporation to be accountable to the public in accordance with international law. The paper is dedicated to the transparency of multinational corporations listed and incorporated in Germany, the United Kingdom, the United States and Switzerland. Under these applicable laws, transparency of publicly listed corporations has significantly changed in the last decade. Some countries oblige corporations to disclose non-financial and financial information immediately; others merely require periodic reporting of financial information. In particular, the connection between Impact Investor, an investor that invests based on social or environmental criteria in addition to the financial performance, and the investment target, publicly listed corporations contributed to some change. The applicable law provides a minimum standard of transparency. This minimum standard defines how the reasonable investor invests in the publicly listed corporation. Depending on this standard, the responsibility owed by the publicly listed corporation extends from the shareholder, several stakeholders to the public. Reasons for these differences lie in the greater accountability of publicly listed corporations from shareholders, to stakeholders or even the public. The OECD’s different standard on Corporate Governance, the Ruggie principles and other recommendations of non-governmental organisations (NGO) keep shaping the accountability under the applicable law. These standards provide guidance to corporations to voluntarily implement greater responsibilities beyond the minimum standard in the form of Corporate Governance. However, once publicly listed corporations implement these standards, the applicable law seem to not adequately impose duties on publicly listed corporations to disclose the information under its self-imposed standard to stakeholders or even the public. The paper researches the problem of transparency of publicly listed corporations in European Union, in particular Germany and the United Kingdom, as well as the United States and Switzerland wither regard to impact investors. Its hypotheses is that the applicable law lacks clear wording that transfers voluntary standards into binding law. The paper will not focus on obligations of corporation established under contracts with groups of shareholders. It will also not focus on stock market programmes to audit corporations based on environmental and social criteria. The paper excludes inter partes obligations because they give the contracting party merely a right to rely on the disclosure. The paper will also not look at methods for evaluation of non-financial information with regard to publicly listed corporations.

scholarly journals The Cause of Auditing Expectation Gap

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 51
Author(s):  
Gao Mengyan
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
United Kingdom ◽  
Critical Evaluation ◽  
The United States ◽  
Previous Literature ◽  
Performance Gap ◽  
The Public ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
Expectation Gap

Previous literature show that auditors and the public have different understandings and beliefs about the auditor’s responsibilities. The public’s expectation of statutory audit may exceed the responsibility required by the auditing standard, which leads to the audit expectation gap. Since the 1980s, there are more and more criticisms on statutory auditors especially after the appearance of some auditing fraud such as Enron case in the United States and Maxwell’s case in the United Kingdom. The misunderstanding from the public makes the auditor face more and more challenges. The purpose of this paper is to discuss the components of the gap, and discuss the main reasons based on the existing literature and cases. This paper makes a critical evaluation of the audit expectation gap from three parts: performance gap, standard gap, and reasonableness gap, respectively.

scholarly journals PENERAPAN DOKTRIN FAIR USE TERHADAP PEMANFAATAN HAK CIPTA PADA PLATFORM DIGITAL SEMASA COVID 19 DI INDONESIA

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 130-148
Author(s):  
Rika Ratna Permata ◽  
Tasya Safiranita ◽  
Yuliana Utama ◽  
Reihan Ahmad Millaudy
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Public Interest ◽  
The United States ◽  
Fair Use ◽  
Internet Archive ◽  
Digital Platforms ◽  
The Public ◽  
Potential Market ◽  
Legitimate Interests ◽  
Almost All

The Covid-19 pandemic has resulted in more people doing activities from home, so almost all activities are carried out online, including for educational activities. The problems on this research are how the comparison between fair use regulations in Indonesia and in the United States during the pre-Covid-19 pandemic? How the regulations of the doctrine of fair use to anticipate the occurrence of a new phenomenon regarding the use of copyright on digital platforms during and/or after the Covid-19 pandemic? The method used in writing this law is a normative juridical method. The results of the study conclude that Fair use rules in Indonesia already regulate that fair use will not harm the legitimate interests of creators but does not provide clear parameters regarding fair interests. While the Fair use Arrangements in the United States are regulated in 17 U.S. Code 107. In this regulation, there are 4 factors, namely: the purpose and character of the use, the nature of the copyrighted work, the quantity and importance of the material used, the effect of the use upon potential market or value of the copyrighted work. The Covid-19 pandemic gave rise to fair use cases that had never occurred before the outbreak of Covid-19, e.g. the case of The Internet Archive, it can be observed that there is an encouragement from the public to further relax copyright protection because of the Covid-19 pandemic resulting in the public interest having to be carried out rather than the creators and copyright holders.

The Politics of Pandemics

2021 ◽  
pp. 48-73
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Social Media ◽  
United Kingdom ◽  
Supply Chain ◽  
The United States ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Nation States ◽  
Social Media Platforms ◽  
The Masses ◽  
Insight Into

The COVID-19 pandemic has colored the politics of 2020 from international to domestic, and the responses by countries have been politicized and limited by various actors. Regimes, both democratic and not, are using the chaotic pandemic environment to consolidate power under the executive, control the masses through decree, and shifting towards national and power bloc supply chains from the international supply chain that has been for all nations in the era of globalization and immediately after. This chapter will provide insight into how various nation-states are using nationalism to combat the pandemic, including the United States, United Kingdom, Chile, Russia, and Hungary. The chapter highlights the availability of the internet and social media platforms to spread mis- and dis-information that can hinder the work of a legitimate government attempting to respond earnestly and effectively to the pandemic.

Commercial Arrangements for Co-Generation in the UK and USA

1987 ◽  
Vol 201 (4) ◽  
pp. 259-265
Author(s):  
D L Tolley ◽  
G J Fowler
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
United Kingdom ◽  
The United States ◽  
Combined Heat And Power ◽  
Public Utilities ◽  
The Public ◽  
Regulatory Policies ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
The Uk ◽  
The Impact

This paper examines the impact of the Public Utilities Regulatory Policies Act (PURPA) in the United States and the Energy Act 1983 in the United Kingdom on the nature of the purchase tariffs for co-generators and combined heat and power (CHP) plant, and considers the reasons why the prospects for investment by private generators might be enhanced in the United States.

scholarly journals Whistle-blowing and the equality dimension of victimisation in the workplace

2017 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 137-156
Author(s):  
Sam Middlemiss
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
United Kingdom ◽  
Public Interest ◽  
The United States ◽  
Whistle Blowing ◽  
Legal Rules ◽  
The Public ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
General Law ◽  
Unfair Dismissal

A considerable amount of attention has been given to the general law of victimisation under the Equality Act 20101 but scant consideration has been given to the equality aspect of victimisation relating to whistle-blowing in the United Kingdom, and the present article will address this. The term whistle-blowing relates to workers making certain disclosures of information relating to their employer’s activities in the public interest. Most workers in the public, private and voluntary sectors are protected from victimisation by making a protected disclosure under the Public Interest Disclosure Act 1998. However, only qualifying disclosures (defined below) are protected by the Public Interest Disclosure Act 1998. The protection against victimisation covers unfair dismissal and an action for suffering a detriment. However, this article will concentrate on the latter. In the process of considering the legal rules in the United Kingdom, the human rights dimension of cases will be considered as will comparison with the law in the United States.

scholarly journals Najnowsze trendy w archiwistyce światowej. Na marginesie obrad Międzynarodowej Rady Archiwów w Adelajdzie „Designing the Archive 2019”

Archeion ◽  
2020 ◽  
pp. 372-410
Author(s):  
Katarzyna Pepłowska
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Public Space ◽  
South Australia ◽  
The United States ◽  
Capital City ◽  
Archival Science ◽  
International Council ◽  
The Public ◽  
The World ◽  
Ict Tools

The latest trends in the world archival science. A commentary on the session of the International Council on Archives in Adelaide „Designing the Archive 2019" The aim of the article is to present the latest achievements of the world archival science and draw attention to academic achievements, projects, problems and challenges which were discussed by the international archive community at Designing the Archive 2019, a conference of the International Council on Archives which took place in October 2019 in Adelaide, the capital city of South Australia. Designing archives is not only the main topic of the conference, but also a trend which has become visible in direct actions taken by archives. It generates certain problems and challenges for archives, but also gives them opportunities to grow. Since the article refers in particular to innovations in archives, it discusses solutions adopted e.g. in Norway, the Netherlands, New Zealand, the United States and Australia, and refers also to Costa Rica and China, paying particular attention to innovative working methods in archives, which make use of experiments to design ICT tools, inspire creativity in archive employees and develop IT tools in harmony with people’s needs and expectations, which in practice results in developing special theme applications. The article also makes a reference to the latest research in designing and using the space of archive buildings, as well as designing research laboratories and the public space to satisfy the needs of 21st century users and attract new ones. The article also discusses the role of marketing and digital economy in the functioning of archives in this context. New trends in the world archival science are also silent archives and research on archive trauma, whose foundation is a new approach towards judging the value of documentation, popular in the United States and based on the feminist approach. Silent archives are a difficult subject, but international research shows that archivists meet the needs of the oppressed.

scholarly journals Trump and the Image of the United States in Latin America

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 58-85
Author(s):  
Michael Haman ◽  
Milan Školník
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Latin America ◽  
Public Opinion ◽  
Political Institutions ◽  
Political Ideology ◽  
Free Market ◽  
The United States ◽  
First Year ◽  
Left Wing ◽  
The Public

In our research, we focus on the image of the United States in Latin America. We use mainly data from Latinobarómetro, and we analyse Obama’s last year and Trump’s first year in the presidency in 18 countries in Latin America. We use logistic regression to reach conclusions. We also analyse Trump’s tweets to see his Twitter rhetoric. We find that Trump’s election has strongly worsened the image of the United States in the public opinion of Latin America. However, we find that people that believe more in democracy, the free market and national political institutions are more likely to have a positive opinion of the United States. Also, we find that the more left-wing citizens are, the more likely they have a bad opinion of the United States. This article contributes to the theory of trust and research on the public opinion across nations. Also, this article offers insights into the topical research agenda concerning the influence of political ideology on public opinion.

scholarly journals Public Reactions towards the COVID-19 Pandemic on Twitter in the United Kingdom and the United States

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Canruo Zou ◽  
Xueting Wang ◽  
Zidian Xie ◽  
Dongmei Li
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
United Kingdom ◽  
Topic Modeling ◽  
Health Workers ◽  
The United States ◽  
The Public ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
Twitter Data ◽  
Media Platform ◽  
Twitter Users

Background: The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has spread globally since December 2019. Twitter is a popular social media platform with active discussions about the COVID-19 pandemic. The public reactions on Twitter about the COVID-19 pandemic in different countries have not been studied. This study aims to compare the public reactions towards the COVID-19 pandemic between the United Kingdom and the United States from March 6, 2020 to April 2, 2020. Data: The numbers of confirmed COVID-19 cases in the United Kingdom and the United States were obtained from the 1Point3Acres website. Twitter data were collected using COVID-19 related keywords from March 6, 2020 to April 2, 2020. Methods: Temporal analyses were performed on COVID-19 related Twitter posts (tweets) during the study period to show daily trends and hourly trends. The sentiment scores of the tweets on COVID-19 were analyzed and associated with the policy announcements and the number of confirmed COVID-19 cases. Topic modeling was conducted to identify related topics discussed with COVID-19 in the United Kingdom and the United States. Results: The number of daily new confirmed COVID-19 cases in the United Kingdom was significantly lower than that in the United States during our study period. There were 3,556,442 COVID-19 tweets in the United Kingdom and 16,280,065 tweets in the United States during the study period. The number of COVID-19 tweets per 10,000 Twitter users in the United Kingdom was lower than that in the United States. The sentiment scores of COVID-19 tweets in the United Kingdom were less negative than those in the United States. The topics discussed in COVID-19 tweets in the United Kingdom were mostly about the gratitude to government and health workers, while the topics in the United States were mostly about the global COVID-19 pandemic situation. Conclusion: Our study showed correlations between the public reactions towards the COVID-19 pandemic on Twitter and the confirmed COVID-19 cases as well as the policies related to the COVID-19 pandemic in the United Kingdom and the United States.

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