A Classification of the Living Birds of the World Based on Dna-Dna Hybridization Studies

The Auk ◽  
1988 ◽  
Vol 105 (3) ◽  
pp. 409-423 ◽  
Author(s):  
Charles G. Sibley ◽  
Jon E. Ahlquist ◽  
Burt L. Monroe
Keyword(s):  
Dna Hybridization ◽  
Family Group ◽  
The World ◽  
First Time

Abstract We present a classification of the living birds of the world based on the results of DNA-DNA hybridization studies. Several family-group names are presented formally for the first time; some of these names have appeared earlier in various publications.

A revised classification of the jumping plant-lice (Hemiptera: Psylloidea)

Zootaxa ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 3509 (1) ◽  
pp. 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
DANIEL BURCKHARDT ◽  
DAVID OUVRARD
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
New Genus ◽  
Family Group ◽  
New Classification ◽  
Incertae Sedis ◽  
Nomen Dubium ◽  
The World ◽  
Two New Species

A revised classification for the world jumping plant-lice (Hemiptera: Psylloidea) is presented comprising all published family and genus-group names. The new classification consists of eight families: Aphalaridae, Carsidaridae, Calophyidae, Homotomidae, Liviidae, Phacopteronidae, Psyllidae and Triozidae. The Aphalaridae, Liviidae and Psyllidae are redefined, 20 family-group names as well as 28 genus-group names are synonymised, and one replacement name is proposed [Sureaca nomen nov., for Acaerus Loginova, 1976]. Forty two new species combinations are proposed resulting from new genus-group synonymies and a replacement name. One subfamily and three genera are considered taxa incertae sedis, and one genus a nomen dubium. Finally eight unavailable names are listed ( one family-group and seven genus-group names).

The planthopper genus Stenocranus in Canada: implications for classification of Delphacidae (Hemiptera)

2006 ◽  
Vol 138 (4) ◽  
pp. 493-503 ◽  
Author(s):  
K G.A. Hamilton
Keyword(s):  
New World ◽  
Hierarchical Classification ◽  
Species Concepts ◽  
Evolutionary Relationships ◽  
World Species ◽  
Old World ◽  
The World ◽  
First Time

AbstractThe Canadian species of Stenocranus Fieber are keyed by external characters correlated with species concepts defined by known genitalic characters. Stenocranus is differentiated from Terauchiana Matsumura (Asian; here reported from the New World for the first time) and Embolophora Stål (from Africa) by the remarkable development of the female pygofers, which completely conceal the ovipositor. Based on both head and genitalic characters, the genus is divided into two subgenera: typical Stenocranus with many Old World species and two Canadian species, and subgenus Codexnov. for other New World species. The type of Delphax dorsalis Fitch, 1851 is a specimen of Stenocranus pallidus Beamer, 1946 syn. nov., and "S. dorsalis" sensu Beamer is S. unipunctatus (Provancher, 1872). A lectotype of Delphax vittata Stål, 1862 is designated for the taxon S. unipunctatus (sensu Beamer, nec Provancher); its paralectotypes are specimens of S. acutus Beamer. The apparent evolutionary relationships of this fauna to other species of the world Stenocranini and within the superficially similar Saccharosydnini reveal numerous homoplasies and dramatic autapomorphies, contrasted with only a few reliable synapomorphies. A hierarchical classification of Delphacidae, based on the most distinctive synapomorphies, defines subfamily Delphacinae as encompassing at least four tribes: Vizcayini, Stenocranini, Tropidocephalini, and Delphacini, with "Kelisiinae" reduced to subtribe of Stenocranini and "Saccharosydnini" placed within Tropidocephalini.

NEUE GATTUNGEN UND ARTEN DER ACALYPTERATAE

1969 ◽  
Vol 101 (6) ◽  
pp. 589-633 ◽  
Author(s):  
Von Willi Hennig
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
New Genus ◽  
New Genera ◽  
The Family ◽  
The World ◽  
Two New Species ◽  
Three New Species ◽  
First Time ◽  
One New Species

AbstractSome 35 species (mostly Neotropical, 22 new) of acalypterate flies representing 17 genera (3 new) in six families, as follows, are treated: Family Cypselosomatidae. One species from Nepal, Cypselosoma gephyrae Hendel (?), is discussed.Family Pseudopomyzidae. The classification of the family is reviewed, and a key to the world genera is provided. The genus Latheticomyia Wheeler is placed here for the first time, and two new species, L. longiterebra (Peru) and L. rotundicornis (Mexico), are described. Two new genera, Pseudopomyzella and Rhinopomyzella, are erected for three new species, P. flava (Peru), R. albimana (Brazil), and R. nigrimana (Brazil).Family Periscelidae. The genus Periscelis Loew is recorded from Mexico and Peru. Neoscutops peruvianus and Scutops striatus, both from Peru, are described as new.Family Aulacigastridae. The classification of the family is reviewed and a key to the world genera is provided. Schizochroa plesiomorphica (Peru), S. minuta (Ecuador), S. ecuadoriensis (Ecuador), Cyamops neotropicus (Peru), C. australicus (Queensland), and Planinasus venezuelensis (Venezuela) are described as new.Family Odiniidae. The classification of the family is reviewed and a key to the subfamilies and the world genera is provided. Two new species of Schildomyia Malloch, S. peruviana (Peru) and S. trinidadensis, are described. A new genus, Shewellia, is erected for the species S. agromyzina (Peru).Family Heleomyzidae. One new species of Cephodapedon Malloch, C. nigriventer (Chile), is described. The genera Mayomyia Malloch and Cinderella Steyskal are reviewed and placed in this family for the first time. Four species of Cinderella, C. macalpinei (Ecuador), C. pollinosa (Chile), C. hirsuta (Chile), and C. steyskali are described as new.The paper is accompanied by 72 illustrations.

Classification of Types of Interreligious Dialogue

Communicology ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 25-51
Author(s):  
S.V. Melnik
Keyword(s):  
Interreligious Dialogue ◽  
Comparative Theology ◽  
Theology Of Religions ◽  
The World ◽  
Different Types ◽  
To Come ◽  
First Time ◽  
Original Classification

The existing classifications of types of interreligious dialogue have significant limitations and shortcomings and do not allow us to describe this extremely complex, multi- faceted phenomenon in a systematic and complete way. This paper represents original classification of interreligious dialogue, which overcomes the disadvantages of current research approaches in this area. On the basis of the «intention» criterion, i.e. the motivation that encourages followers of different religions to come into contact with each other, four types of interreligious dialogue are distinguished: polemical, cognitive, peacemaking and partnership. These types of dialogue are lined up respectively around the following questions: Who is right?, Who are you?, How can we live together peacefully? and What can we do to improve the world?. In each of the four types of interreligious dialogue using the criteria goal (i.e. tasks headed towards by the participants in the dialogue); principles i.e. the starting points, which determine the interaction), and form (i.e. participants in the dialogue) various sorts of them are identified and described. For example, the following sorts of cognitive dialogue are considered: theological, spiritual, human (Buberian), truth-seeking dialogue, theology of religions, theology of interreligious dialogue, comparative theology. According to the author, the presented classification allows for the first time to describe different types of interreligious dialogue in a complex, systematic and interrelated way.

scholarly journals New synonymies in the order Urodela Duméril, 1805 (Amphibia, Batrachia), with comments on the use of the formula "new taxon" to designate new nomina

Zootaxa ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 3563 (1) ◽  
pp. 65
Author(s):  
ALAIN DUBOIS
Keyword(s):  
Personal Communication ◽  
Family Group ◽  
New Taxon ◽  
The World

Dubois & Raffaëlli (2012) recently published a new comprehensive taxonomy and nomenclature of the recent salamanders and newts of the world. Almost coincidentally, Wake (2012) published a revised classification of the salamander family Plethodontidae. Three family-series (or family-group) nomina (scientific names) were proposed as new in both papers. According to the date appearing in Zootaxa, the latter paper was published on 18 September 2012, whereas, according to the printer Frédéric Paillart (personal communication), the former was mailed to subscribers of Alytes on 24 October 2012. Therefore the new nomina that are common to both papers are valid in the latter, and invalid junior synonyms and homonyms in the former. I here present complete synonymic lists for these three nomina, as well as a few additional comments.

scholarly journals CHANGES IN FOOD WASTE LEVEL IN THE EU COUNTRIES

2017 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 43-52
Author(s):  
Grzegorz Koszela ◽  
Wiesław Szczęsny
Keyword(s):  
Food Waste ◽  
World Wide ◽  
Economic Problem ◽  
Eu Countries ◽  
Synthetic Indicators ◽  
The World ◽  
First Time ◽  
Food Wastage ◽  
The Eu

Food waste is the world-wide social and economic problem, and also large and unnecessary burden for the environment. In this paper was taken the problem of comparing changes in the level of food wastage in the EU countries in 2000–2011. There were used two techniques: multidimensional comparative analysis (MCA) and grade data analysis (GDA). The second one is used for the first time in this type of issues. Based on these techniques there were built synthetic indicators, which were used as a criterion for classification of EU countries in terms of the pace of reducing the level of food waste. It appears that usage of different techniques to construction of indicators gave a divergent arrangements.

scholarly journals Open-air museums of folk architecture: overview of creation and development in Russia

2021 ◽  
Vol 61 ◽  
pp. 38-63
Author(s):  
Maria Y. Gaiduk ◽  
Alexander I. Klimenko ◽  
Alexander B. Khramtsov
Keyword(s):  
Urban Planning ◽  
Landscape Architecture ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
The World ◽  
Ethnographic Museums ◽  
The Status ◽  
The Creation ◽  
Comprehensive Classification ◽  
First Time

The paper provides an overview of the domestic experience of creating ethnographic museums in the open air. It traces stages and chronological periodization of the foundation of such museums in the world and studies historical conditions for the creation of open-air museums in Russia. The first experience of creating such a museum was demonstrated at the All-Russian Agricultural and Artisanal-Industrial Exhibition in Moscow in 1923. In the park-museum of Kolomenskoye village near Moscow, monuments of wooden architecture of the 17th–18th centuries were placed. For the first time, this paper comes up with a comprehensive classification of the open-air museums according to various grounds: the status of the museum complex (federal, regional, local), the specificity of the exposition, the architectural and urban planning principle of the organization; the principle of organizing the exposition and others. The study determined that most of the open-air museums are concentrated in the central part of Russia. The authors also explored potential for developing an open-air museum in the Tyumen region. The experience and examples of the functioning of museums allow for developing give “ground” for the development of ethnographic museums in all regions of the country. The creation of this complex is interesting not only from the point of view of implementing educational function for the population, but also in terms of developing the region's economy — the creation of the most diverse tourist product (landscape — architecture — ethnography).

Russian Citizens' Representations of the Country's Position in the Geopolitical Space of the Commonwealth of Independent States, Europe, and the World

2003 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 238-251
Author(s):  
Victor F. Petrenko ◽  
Olga V. Mitina ◽  
Kirill A. Bertnikov
Keyword(s):  
Well Being ◽  
Multidimensional Space ◽  
Commonwealth Of Independent States ◽  
Repertory Grids ◽  
Implicit Model ◽  
The World ◽  
Public Consciousness ◽  
Independent States ◽  
Invariant Factors

The aim of this research was the reconstruction of the system of categories through which Russians perceive the countries of the Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS), Europe, and the world as a whole; to study the implicit model of the geopolitical space; to analyze the stereotypes in the perception of different countries and the superposition of mental geopolitical representations onto the geographic map. The techniques of psychosemantics by Petrenko, originating in the semantic differential of Osgood and Kelly's “repertory grids,” were used as working tools. Multidimensional semantic spaces act as operational models of the structures of consciousness, and the positions of countries in multidimensional space reflect the geopolitical stereotypes of respondents about these countries. Because of the transformation of geopolitical reality representations in mass consciousness, the commonly used classification of countries as socialist, capitalist, and developing is being replaced by other structures. Four invariant factors of the countries' descriptions were identified. They are connected with Economic and Political Well-being, Military Might, Friendliness toward Russia, and Spirituality and the Level of Culture. It seems that the structure has not been explained in adequate detail and is not clearly realized by the individuals. There is an interrelationship between the democratic political structure of a country and its prosperity in the political mentality of Russian respondents. Russian public consciousness painfully strives for a new geopolitical identity and place in the commonwealth of states. It also signifies the country's interest and orientation toward the East in the search for geopolitical partners. The construct system of geopolitical perception also depends on the region of perception.

SEROPREVALENCE OF HIV AND HBsAg AMONGST BLOOD DONORS IN A TERTIARY CARE HOSPITAL, CHHATTISGARH.

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (8) ◽  
Author(s):  
Anusha P ◽  
Bankar Nandkishor J ◽  
Karan Jain ◽  
Ramdas Brahmane ◽  
Dhrubha Hari Chandi
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Blood Donors ◽  
Hepatitis B Surface Antigen ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Laboratory Diagnosis ◽  
Blood Bank ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Medical College ◽  
The World ◽  
First Time

INTRODUCTION: India being the second highly populated nation in the world. HIV/AIDS has acquired pandemic proportion in the world. Estimate by WHO for current infection rate in Asia. India has the third largest HIV epidemic in the world. HIV prevalence in the age group 15-49 yrs was an estimate of 0.2%. India has been classified as an intermediate in the Hepatitis B Virus (HBV) endemic (HBsAg carriage 2-7%) zone with the second largest global pool of chronic HBV infections. Safety assessment of the blood supply, the quality of screening measures and the risk of transfusion transmitted infectious diseases (TTIs) in any country can be estimated by scrutinizing the files of blood donors. After the introduction of the blood banks and improved storage facilities, it became more extensively used. Blood is one of the major sources of TTIs like hepatitis B, hepatitis C, HIV, syphilis, and many other blood borne diseases. Disclosure of these threats brought a dramatic change in attitude of physicians and patients about blood transfusion. The objective of this study is to determine the seroprevalence of transfusion transmitted infections amidst voluntary blood donors at a rural tertiary healthcare teaching hospital in Chhattisgarh. MATERIAL AND METHODS: This retrospective study was carried out in Chandulal Chandrakar Memorial Medical College, Kachandur, Durg. Blood donors were volunteers, or and commercial donors who donated the blood and paid by patients, their families, or friends to replace blood used or expected to be used for patients from the blood bank of the hospital. After proper donation of blood routine screening of blood was carried out according to standard protocol. Laboratory diagnosis of HIV 1 and HIV 2 was carried out by ELISA test. Hepatitis B surface antigen was screened by using ELISA. RESULTS: A total of 1915 consecutive blood donors’ sera were screened at Chandulal Chandrakar Memorial Medical College, blood bank during study period. Of these 1914 were male and 1 female. The mean age of patients was found to be 29.34 years with standard deviation (SD) of 11.65 Years. Among all blood donors in present study, 759(39.63%) were first time donors and 1156(60.37%) were repeated donors. 1 patient was HIV positive in first donation group while 3 (75%) were positive in repeat donation group. 7 (38.9%) were HBsAg positive in in first donation group while 11(61.1%) were positive in repeat donation group. Two patients in first donation group had dual infection of HIV and HBsAg. CONCLUSION: Seropositivity was high in repeated donors as compared to first time donors. The incidence of HIV is observed to be 0.2% and that of HBsAg is 0.94%. Strict selection of blood donors should be done to avoid transfusion-transmissible infections during the window period.

Small Industry, Gimmicks and Moscow Statistics, or How the Small Russian Enterprise Came into the World (Russian Physiological Sketch, 1830-1840)

2009 ◽  
pp. 123-129
Author(s):  
Yu. Golubitsky
Keyword(s):  
Small Businesses ◽  
Statistical Data ◽  
Russian Enterprise ◽  
Small Enterprises ◽  
Business Practices ◽  
Way Of Life ◽  
The World ◽  
Small Industry ◽  
Xix Century

The article considers business practices of Moscow small industry in the XIX century, basing upon physiological sketches of N. Polevoy and I. Kokorev, statistical data and the classification of professions are also presented. The author claims that the heroes of the analyzed sketches are the forefathers of Moscow small businesses and shows what a deep similarity their occupations and a way of life bear to the present-day routine existence of small enterprises.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document