The endometrial proteomic profile around the time of embryo implantation†

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xi Guo ◽  
Tin Chiu Li ◽  
Xiaoyan Chen
Keyword(s):  
Protein Identification ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Embryo Implantation ◽  
Underlying Mechanism ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Proteomic Profile ◽  
Research Directions ◽  
Post Translational Modifications ◽  
Future Research Directions ◽  
The Difference

Abstract Embryo implantation is an intricate process which requires competent embryo and receptive endometrium. The failure of endometrium to achieve receptivity is a recognized cause of infertility. However, due to multiplicity of events involved, the molecular mechanisms governing endometrial receptivity are still not fully understood. Traditional one-by-one approaches, including western blotting and histochemistry, are insufficient to examine the extensive changes of endometrial proteome. Although genomics and transcriptomics studies have identified several significant genes, the underlying mechanism remains to be uncovered owing to post-transcriptional and post-translational modifications. Proteomic technologies are high throughput in protein identification, and they are now intensively used to identify diagnostic and prognostic markers in the field of reproductive medicine. There is a series of studies analyzing endometrial proteomic profile, which has provided a mechanistic insight into implantation failure. These published studies mainly focused on the difference between pre-receptive and receptive stages of endometrium, as well as on the alternation of endometrial proteomics in women with reproductive failure. Here, we review recent data from proteomic analyses regarding endometrium around the time of embryo implantation and propose possible future research directions.

scholarly journals Injury to the Preterm Brain and Cerebral Palsy: Clinical Aspects, Molecular Mechanisms, Unanswered Questions, and Future Research Directions

2009 ◽  
Vol 24 (9) ◽  
pp. 1064-1084 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael A. Babcock ◽  
Felina V. Kostova ◽  
Donna M. Ferriero ◽  
Michael V. Johnston ◽  
Jan E. Brunstrom ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cerebral Palsy ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Clinical Aspects ◽  
Research Directions ◽  
Future Research Directions

scholarly journals Natural antisense transcripts in the biological hallmarks of cancer: powerful regulators hidden in the dark

2020 ◽  
Vol 39 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Shanshan Zhao ◽  
Xue Zhang ◽  
Shuo Chen ◽  
Song Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Cancer Biology ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Hallmarks Of Cancer ◽  
Therapeutic Application ◽  
Antisense Transcripts ◽  
Research Directions ◽  
Natural Antisense Transcripts ◽  
Post Translational Modifications ◽  
Future Research Directions ◽  
Underlying Mechanisms

Abstract Natural antisense transcripts (NATs), which are transcribed from opposite strands of DNA with partial or complete overlap, affect multiple stages of gene expression, from epigenetic to post-translational modifications. NATs are dysregulated in various types of cancer, and an increasing number of studies focusing on NATs as pivotal regulators of the hallmarks of cancer and as promising candidates for cancer therapy are just beginning to unravel the mystery. Here, we summarize the existing knowledge on NATs to highlight their underlying mechanisms of functions in cancer biology, discuss their potential roles in therapeutic application, and explore future research directions.

scholarly journals Magnitude, Causes, and Solutions of the Performance Gap of Buildings: A Review

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 937 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xing Shi ◽  
Binghui Si ◽  
Jiangshan Zhao ◽  
Zhichao Tian ◽  
Chao Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
State Of The Art ◽  
Design Stage ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Research Subject ◽  
Performance Gap ◽  
Research Directions ◽  
Future Research Directions ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Review State ◽  
Reported Data

The performance gap of buildings is commonly defined as the difference between the performance value predicted in the design stage and that measured in the post-occupancy stage. Knowledge about the performance gap of buildings is valuable in many aspects and thus is a research subject drawing much attention. Important questions that should be asked include: (1) Definition: what is the performance gap of buildings? (2) Magnitude: how large is the performance gap of buildings? (3) Techniques: how to determine the performance gap of buildings? (4) Causes: what are the reasons leading to the performance gap of buildings? (5) Solutions: how to bridge the performance gap of buildings. By collecting and analyzing more than 20 published works with reported data on the performance gap of buildings and other research articles, these important questions are addressed. Through this review state-of-the-art knowledge regarding the performance gap of buildings is presented. Major conclusions are drawn and future research directions are pointed out.

scholarly journals Symbiotic magnetic sensing: raising evidence and beyond

2020 ◽  
Vol 375 (1808) ◽  
pp. 20190595 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eviatar Natan ◽  
Robert Rodgers Fitak ◽  
Yuval Werber ◽  
Yoni Vortman
Keyword(s):  
Underlying Mechanism ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Research Directions ◽  
Magnetic Sensing ◽  
The Past ◽  
Taxonomic Range ◽  
Future Research Directions ◽  
Magnetic Sense ◽  
Host Evolution

The identity of a magnetic sensor in animals remains enigmatic. Although the use of the geomagnetic field for orientation and navigation in animals across a broad taxonomic range has been well established over the past five decades, the identity of the magnetic-sensing organ and its structure and/or apparatus within such animals remains elusive—‘a sense without a receptor’. Recently, we proposed that symbiotic magnetotactic bacteria (MTB) may serve as the underlying mechanism behind a magnetic sense in animals—‘the symbiotic magnetic-sensing hypothesis'. Since we first presented this hypothesis, both criticism and support have been raised accordingly. Here we address the primary criticisms and discuss the plausibility of such a symbiosis, supported by preliminary findings demonstrating the ubiquity of MTB DNA in general, and specifically in animal samples. We also refer to new supporting findings, and discuss host adaptations that could be driven by such a symbiosis. Finally, we suggest the future research directions required to confirm or refute the possibility of symbiotic magnetic-sensing. This article is part of the theme issue ‘The role of the microbiome in host evolution’.

scholarly journals Challenges and Perspectives in the Study of Self-Incompatibility in Orchids

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (23) ◽  
pp. 12901
Author(s):  
Xiaojing Zhang ◽  
Yin Jia ◽  
Yang Liu ◽  
Duanfen Chen ◽  
Yibo Luo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Conservation Biology ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Research Progress ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Self Incompatibility ◽  
Research Directions ◽  
Future Studies ◽  
Future Research Directions ◽  
Biology Research ◽  
Recent Research Progress

Self-incompatibility affects not only the formation of seeds, but also the evolution of species diversity. A robust understanding of the molecular mechanisms of self-incompatibility is essential for breeding efforts, as well as conservation biology research. In recent years, phenotypic and multiple omics studies have revealed that self-incompatibility in Orchidaceae is mainly concentrated in the subfamily Epidendroideae, and the self-incompatibility phenotypes are diverse, even in the same genus, and hormones (auxin and ethylene), and new male and female determinants might be involved in SI response. This work provides a good foundation for future studies of the evolution and molecular mechanisms of self-incompatibility. We review recent research progress on self-incompatibility in orchids at the morphological, physiological, and molecular levels, provide a general overview of self-incompatibility in orchids, and propose future research directions.

scholarly journals Antecedents and Outcomes of Innovation Capability: A Case of European Automotive Organizations

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
pp. 01-14
Author(s):  
Akhlaq Ahmad ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Competitive Advantage ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Underlying Mechanism ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Innovation Capability ◽  
Research Directions ◽  
Key Policy ◽  
Future Research Directions ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Creativity And Innovation

Most of the firms are keen to achieve desired performance levels and competitive advantage through creativity and innovation. Thus, drawing on the resource-based view current study aims to contribute by exploring the underlying mechanism through which firms' characteristics are linked with firm performance and competitive advantage. Using online survey data was collected from 303 managers from German and Italian SMEs, results revealed that innovation capability mediated the associations between antecedents (creativity & dynamic capability) and outcomes (competitive advantage and performance). Several key policy insights and future research directions are suggested.

scholarly journals A Survey of Supervised Learning Models for Spiking Neural Network

2021 ◽  
pp. 35-49
Author(s):  
Moses Apambila Agebure ◽  
Paula Aninyie Wumnaya ◽  
Edward Yellakuor Baagyere
Keyword(s):  
Neural Network ◽  
Supervised Learning ◽  
Second Generation ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Learning Models ◽  
Research Directions ◽  
Future Research Directions ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Artificial Neural Network Ann ◽  
Made In

There has been a significant attempt to derive supervised learning models for training Spiking Neural Networks (SNN), which is the third and most recent generation of Artificial Neural Network (ANN). Supervised SNN learning models are considered more biologically plausible and thus exploits better the computational efficiency of biological neurons and also, are less computationally expensive than second generation ANN. SNN models have also produced competitive performance in most tasks when compared to second generation ANNs. These advantages, coupled with the difficulty in adopting the well established learning models for second generation networks to train SNN due to the difference in information coding led to the recent introduction of supervised learning models for training SNN. However, lack of comprehensive source of literature detailing strides made in this area, and the challenges and prospects of SNN serves as a hindrance to further exploration and application of SNN models. A comprehensive review of supervised learning methods in SNN is presented in this paper in which some widely used SNN neural models, learning models and their basic concepts, areas of applications, limitations, prospects and future research directions are discussed. The main contribution of this paper is that it presents and discusses trends in supervised learning in SNNwith the aim of providing a reference point for those desiring further knowledge and application of SNN methods.

Circular RNAs emerge as important regulators with great potential for clinical application in gastric cancer

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 69-82
Author(s):  
Mei Wang ◽  
Zheng Gong ◽  
Xinxin Zhao ◽  
Wanjun Yu ◽  
Feng Huang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gastric Cancer ◽  
Noncoding Rna ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Basic Knowledge ◽  
Research Progress ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Circular Rnas ◽  
Research Directions ◽  
Potential Applications ◽  
Future Research Directions

Gastric cancer (GC) is a common digestive malignancy with a high-ranking morbidity and mortality. Therefore, it is urgent to identify novel indicators and develop new strategies for clinical diagnosis and treatment of GC. As a type of noncoding RNA, circular RNAs (circRNAs) have received increased attention in GC during recent years. To more comprehensively understand current research progress on circRNAs in GC, in this review, we introduce basic knowledge of circRNAs, summarize abnormally expressed circRNAs and discuss their functions and regulatory molecular mechanisms in GC. Then, we review potential applications of circRNAs for GC diagnosis, prognosis and treatment. Finally, we conclude by highlighting major advancements of circRNAs in GC research, and we discuss existing challenges and possible future research directions of GC-associated circRNAs.

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