scholarly journals 93 Sexually Transmitted Infections Remain Under-Diagnosed and Under-Treated in Young Men Presenting with Acute Scrotal Pain

2021 ◽  
Vol 108 (Supplement_2) ◽  
Author(s):  
M Thomas ◽  
H Thursby ◽  
M Kitchen ◽  
S Liu
Keyword(s):  
Sexually Transmitted Infections ◽  
Antimicrobial Treatment ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Scrotal Pain ◽  
Sexually Transmitted ◽  
Scrotal Ultrasound ◽  
Acute Scrotal Pain ◽  
Antibiotic Management ◽  
Inappropriate Antibiotics ◽  
Age Range

Abstract Introduction Epididymitis or epididymo-orchitis causing acute scrotal pain in men ≤35 years is a common presentation to primary and secondary care.Most are caused by sexually-transmitted-infections in this age group. Failure to identify or treat STIs in this population may lead to subfertility.We assessed our practice against British Association of Sexual Health and HIV guidelines. Method Men (age ≤35) diagnosed at our centre with epididymitis/epidiymo-orchitis between January2015 and January2020 were included (n = 313, age range 16-35). Data collected included microbiological and radiological reports,antimicrobial treatment prescribed and documentation of appropriate advice and follow-up.Patients with previous STI were excluded. Results 53 (16.9%) patients had mid-stream urine analysed;one identified bacterial growth (e.coli).15/313 patients were screened for c.trachomatis.228 (72.8%) patients had a scrotal ultrasound;167 (73.2%) reports suggested epididymitis.32 patients underwent immediate scrotal exploration;19 were epididymitis,one required orchidectomy. Advice to attend GU-Medicine-clinic was documented in 48cases (15.3%).20 patients (6.4%) received optimal antibiotic management; 83 (26.5%) received suitable antibiotics assuming non-gonococcal cause.210 patients received inadequate/inappropriate antibiotics. Conclusions Management of patients with acute scrotal pain is sub-optimal;most patients were inadequately investigated and most received inappropriate antibiotics which may lead to subfertility.Better education and written patient information on risks of STIs may improve outcomes in this population.

scholarly journals Prevalence of sexually transmitted infections among pregnant women attending antenatal clinics in West Coast Region of The Gambia

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 585-592
Author(s):  
Alphonsus Isara ◽  
Aru-Kumba Baldeh
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Sexually Transmitted Infections ◽  
West Coast ◽  
Trichomonas Vaginalis ◽  
The Gambia ◽  
Age Group ◽  
The West ◽  
Sexually Transmitted ◽  
Neisseria Gonorrhoea ◽  
Coast Region

Background: Sexually Transmitted Infections (STI) are the second most common cause of healthy life years lost by women in the 15 – 44 years age group in Africa. Aim/Objective: To determine the prevalence of STIs among pregnant women attending antenatal care (ANC) clinics in the West Coast Region of The Gambia. Materials and Methods: Blood, urine, and high vaginal swabs samples from 280 pregnant women attending ANC in Brika- ma District Hospital, Brikama, and Bandung Maternity and Child Health Hospital, Bandung were examined. Serum samples were tested for HIV using western blot technique and for syphilis using the Venereal Disease Research Laboratory (VDRL) test, and rapid plasma regimen. Candida albicans, Group B Streptococcus and Neisseria gonorrhoea were identified using Analytical Profile Index (API). Direct urine microscopy was used to identify C. albicans and Trichomonas vaginalis while Chlamydia trachomatis was identified using Direct Fluorescent Antibody (DFA) test. Results: The overall prevalence of STIs was 53.6%. The pathogenic agents isolated were Candida albicans (31.8%), Strep- tococcus agalactiae (15.0%), Treponema pallidum (6.8%), HIV (5.7%), Trichomonas vaginalis (3.9%), Neisseria gonorrhoea (1.8%) and Chlamydia trachomatis (0.7%). STIs were more prevalent among women in the younger age group of 15 – 24 years (54.7%), unemployed (54.0%), Primipara (62.3%), and in the third trimester of pregnancy (72.7%). Conclusion: A high prevalence of STIs was found among pregnant women attending ANC in the West Coast region of The Gambia. Public health intervention programmes should be strengthened to promote the sexual and reproductive health of pregnant women in The Gambia. Keywords: Sexually transmitted infections; pregnant women; antenatal clinics; The Gambia.

scholarly journals Faktor Resiko Penyakit Infeksi Menular Seksual (IMS)

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 419
Author(s):  
Maria Tuntun
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
High School ◽  
Design Research ◽  
P Value ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Sexually Transmitted ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Cross Sectional Design ◽  
Age Range

<p>Sexually transmitted infections (STIs) are venereal diseases that can be transmitted by 30 types of pathogens through sexual intercourse. The purpose of this study is to find out the risk factors for STI disease in dr. H Hospital. Abdul Moeloek Lampung Province in 2012 - 2016. Type of descriptive analytic research with a cross-sectional design. Research place in RSUD dr. H. Abdul Moeloek Lampung Province, in November-December 2017. The population in this study were patients with STIs recorded in the medical record book of 2012-2016 as many as 191 people and a sample of 186 people. The results of the study obtained 4 types of STIs caused by bacteria, namely gonorrhea, syphilis, condyloma, and bartolinitis. The age range of STI patients is 12-62 years, and the most in the 12-25 year age group is 93 people (50%). The most STI sufferers are men, 100 people (53.8%), with the highest education is high school, which is 121 people (65.1%), more STI patients who work are 102 people (54.8%), and STI sufferers who more from Bandar Lampung, 103 people (55.4%). Risk factors associated with the type of STI are gender (p-value=0.012) and work (p-value=0.012), while age (p-value=0.718), education (p-value=0.368), and residence address (p-value=0.088) there is no relationship with the type of STI.</p>

scholarly journals Diagnosis And Antimicrobial Treatment Of Bacterial Of Neisseria Gonorrhea Infections: Update Review Article

10.3823/0803 ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Asem A. Shehabi ◽  
Monzer Hamze
Keyword(s):  
Sexually Transmitted Infections ◽  
Wide Spectrum ◽  
Antimicrobial Treatment ◽  
Sexual Contact ◽  
Review Article ◽  
Arab Countries ◽  
World Health ◽  
Sexually Transmitted ◽  
Neisseria Gonorrhea ◽  
Health Organization

Sexually transmitted infections (STIs) are caused by a wide spectrum of bacteria, viruses and parasites. These agents can be easily transmitted during any direct genital or oral sexual contact. Recently, World Health Organization (WHO), reported that more than 1 million STIs  are acquired every day worldwide,  Each year, there are an estimated 357 million new infections with 1 of 4 STIs: chlamydia, gonorrhoea, syphilis and trichomoniasis. There are few studies and official reports published on the prevalence of STIs in most Arab countries. However, few new recent studies showed increased prevalence of certain STIs in some Arab countries.

scholarly journals Reducing time to treatment of bacterial sexually transmitted infections in an HIV cohort

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. e000603
Author(s):  
Richard Kennedy ◽  
Andrew J Winter
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Health ◽  
Sexually Transmitted Infections ◽  
Partner Notification ◽  
Antimicrobial Treatment ◽  
Hiv Care ◽  
Improvement Project ◽  
Time To Treatment ◽  
Sexually Transmitted ◽  
Delayed Treatment ◽  
Sexual Health Clinics

Sexually transmitted infections (STIs) are known to increase the risk of transmission of HIV and care of sexual health needs should form part of routine HIV care. Delayed treatment of STIs can lead to complications and avoidable onward transmission. Management of acute STIs in UK specialist sexual health services usually involves a multidisciplinary approach to ensure patient recall, antimicrobial treatment and partner notification. While this works well in dedicated sexual health clinics, we found this was less optimal in our hospital-based HIV care unit. We describe a quality improvement project to improve interdisciplinary pathways by using electronic shared worklists that reduced time to treatment for chlamydia and gonorrhoea infections. Use of electronic shared worklists could be applied to other settings where rapid treatment is required or has transmission implications.

HIV prevalence in Zimbabwean women: 54-67% knowledge and perceived risk

2003 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 202-207 ◽  
Author(s):  
E M Mbizvo ◽  
S E Msuya ◽  
A Hussain ◽  
M Z Chirenje ◽  
B Stray-Pedersen
Keyword(s):  
Condom Use ◽  
Sexually Transmitted Infections ◽  
Perceived Risk ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Risk Of Infection ◽  
Hiv Knowledge ◽  
Sexually Transmitted ◽  
Level Of Knowledge ◽  
Female Condoms

This study examined the level of knowledge of sexually transmitted infections (STI) and HIV, knowledge of symptoms and potential sequelae of STI and perceived personal risks of infection among urban women in Zimbabwe. The women consented to being interviewed, examined, tested and treated for curable diagnosed STIs. Prevalence of both STI and HIV was high 11.4% and 54.5% among women aged 15-19 years, 28.5% and 62.4% among those 20-29 years and was highest among the age group ≥30 years 39.0% and 67.0% respectively. Women aged 15-19 years least perceived their risk of infection. Of the women with the highest rates of STI/HIV infection, less than 30% were aware of their vulnerability to such infections. Knowledge of specific STIs, their symptoms and sequelae was generally low. Women who did not know about syphilis, gonorrhoea, chancroid or warts were more likely to perceive themselves at no risk of infection. Condom use was very low (16.5%). There is an urgent need to improve current education programmes to raise awareness of STIs and the dangers of their long-term sequelae along with behavioural skills building interventions that include equipping women with negotiating skills, making female condoms available at affordable prices and motivating condom use.

scholarly journals Knowledge and attitude about sexually transmitted infections among paramedical 1st year students in a tertiary care teaching institute in Pondicherry

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 532
Author(s):  
Saurabh Krishna Misra ◽  
P. Oudeacoumar ◽  
R. Indradevi ◽  
Sushree Sovana
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Health ◽  
Sexually Transmitted Infections ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Unprotected Sex ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Sexually Transmitted ◽  
Adequate Knowledge ◽  
Mode Of Transmission

<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> Sexually transmitted infections (STI’s) are transmitted through sexual intercourse. Young individuals of 16-24 yr age group are more prone to STIs because they lack adequate knowledge about STIs and tend to have wrong perceptions towards sex. Thus it becomes important to assess the knowledge level about STIs among this age group. The main objective of this study was designed to evaluate the knowledge, awareness, perception and attitude about STIs among paramedical 1st year students in a tertiary care institute.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> The study was a descriptive cross sectional study. Detailed questionnaire eliciting information about knowledge, awareness, perception and attitude of the respondents towards STIs was administered to 227 paramedical 1st year students. This self-administered questionnaire was used for data collection.<strong></strong></p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> 227 paramedical students participated in this study. Among them 103 (45%) were males and 124 (55%) females. Majority of the students (68%) got the source of information of STIs from education in school and college, 57% from internet and 49% from print media. 95% of the respondents knew about at least one STI. The two most commonly mentioned STIs were HIV (60%) and Syphilis (41%). 7% did not have any knowledge about STI. 68% mentioned sex with multiple partners as a mode of transmission and 46% knew unprotected sex. 17.6%-21.6% of them had misconception about mode of transmission. 49.8% mentioned weakness, 47.6% loss of weight as the symptoms of STIs where as 25.6% did not know anything about symptoms at all. Majority of respondents (60%) did not know about the complications of STDs. Also attitude towards sexual health and prevention of STIs was variable.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Conclusions:</strong> Findings of our study showed that it is important to orient the paramedical students about sexual health and positive attitude towards STIs. This will help in prevention and control of STIs.</p>

Opportunities and Barriers of Sexual Health and Condom Use among Tea Plantation Workers

2011 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 30-38
Author(s):  
Ranabir Pal ◽  
Samir Roy ◽  
Shrayan Pal
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Health ◽  
Condom Use ◽  
Sexually Transmitted Infections ◽  
International Health ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Protective Behavior ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Tea Plantation ◽  
Sexually Transmitted

In the era of evidenced-based medicine, sexually transmitted infections (STIs) are a major international health issue; adolescents and young people are particularly vulnerable. The current study determines the perceptions of sexual health and condom use in sexual encounters among tea plantation workers of North Bengal in India. A population based cross-sectional study was undertaken with 973 adults of both sexes selected by a multi-stage random sampling using an anonymous pre-tested close-ended structured questionnaire. The majority of study participants were working class in the age range of 16 to 30 years. The gender distribution of the participants was almost equal. The majority of males were in the age group of 46-60 years, while the majority of the females were in the age group of 16-30 years. There was no statistical association between age and use of condoms. Significant statistical differences were seen in condom use in relation to marital status, religion, type of family, and number of living children. This study revealed inadequate protective behavior adopted by plantation workers. In this socio-demography with the acceptance of sexual relation outside marriage, non-use of condoms increases vulnerability to HIV/AIDS/ and other sexually-transmitted infections.

Olympic outreach: testing for sexually transmitted infections in construction workers

2012 ◽  
Vol 23 (9) ◽  
pp. 659-660 ◽  
Author(s):  
S Shanmugaratnam ◽  
P Horne ◽  
K M Coyne
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Chlamydia Trachomatis ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Sexual Health ◽  
Sexually Transmitted Infections ◽  
Sexual Risk ◽  
Sex Workers ◽  
Construction Workers ◽  
Sexually Transmitted ◽  
Age Range

Concerns have been voiced in the national press that the surge in migrant construction workers leading up to the 2012 Olympics Games would increase the levels of sexual ill health in East London. Between 2009 and 2011, we sent a sexual health outreach team to the Olympic Park and Village. A total of 614 clients were tested, of whom 91% were men and 46% reported English/Scottish/Welsh ethnicity. The age range was 17–73 years and median age 30 years. Reported sexual risk factors were low, including use of commercial sex workers. Prevalence of sexually transmitted infections was low, with Chlamydia trachomatis found in 20 clients (3%), and hepatitis B diagnosed in one client. This study, although small, did not support the image of construction workers presenting a higher than average sexual health risk.

scholarly journals Prevalence of Sexually Transmitted Infections in a Tertiary Care Centre

2012 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 44-48 ◽  
Author(s):  
D Karn ◽  
A Amatya ◽  
E R Aryal ◽  
S KC ◽  
M Timalsina
Keyword(s):  
General Population ◽  
Sexually Transmitted Infections ◽  
Viral Infections ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Management Approach ◽  
High Risk Population ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Sexually Transmitted ◽  
Common Diagnosis

Background The burden of sexually transmitted infections is huge and is disproportionately affecting developing nations. In Nepal, recent available data on sexually transmitted infections are mostly targeted to high risk population. A prevalence study was thus done to explore the pattern of sexually transmitted infection syndromes among general population of Nepal. Objectives To highlight the prevalence and changing pattern of sexually transmitted infections among general population. Methods A retrospective study. The study was conducted among 145 patients attending Department of Dermatology and Venerology, Dhulikhel Hospital Kathmandu University Hospital, for voluntary counseling and testing from April 2010 to April 2011. Syndromic case management approach was used for the classification and treatment of the patients. Results 106 patients were suffering from Sexually Transmitted Infections and 2 patients were positive for Human Immunodeficiency Virus. The most common diagnosis was genital viral infections (41.7%). Prevalence was highest among drivers/conductors (26.9%) and migrating workers (23.1%). Age group 20 to 24 years was the maximum sufferers (37%). Unsafe sexual activity (66.7%) was the most potential exposure and majority of the patients were not consistent in using condom. Conclusions Genital viral infections constitute the major bulk of sexually transmitted infections. Majority of the patients suffering from sexually transmitted infections were in the age group 20 to 24 years and were mostly drivers, conductors or migrating workers by occupation. In the background of few available baseline data, the results are expected to assist successful target interventions in the near future.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/kumj.v9i2.6287  Kathmandu Univ Med J 2011;9(2):44-8

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