scholarly journals Cross Sectional Analysis of the Effect of Yogurt and Fiber Consumption on BMI, Blood Pressure, and Lipids in College Students

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. 750-750
Author(s):  
Paige Farias ◽  
Kathleen Melanson
Keyword(s):  
College Students ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Diastolic Blood Pressure ◽  
Fasting Blood Glucose ◽  
Fermented Foods ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Dietary History ◽  
Fiber Consumption ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Objectives Results from recent studies suggest that maintaining a healthy gut microbiome is important for predicting health outcomes using biomarkers such as BMI, blood pressure, glucose, and lipids. College-aged students are an important population to consider as they are at a crucial stage in developing eating habits, including consumption of probiotic-rich, fermented foods and prebiotic fermentable nutrients. We hypothesize that yogurt consumption and fiber consumption will beneficially impact these outcomes and we explored a possible interaction. Methods In a cross-sectional design, 497 college students (76% female; 19.5 ± 3.62 yr; BMI 23.94 ± 4.72 kg/m2) enrolled in a general nutrition course completed the Dietary History Questionnaire II. Height and weight were measured, along with blood pressure with an electronic sphygmomanometer. Fasting blood glucose and lipids were measured with Cholestech. Median splits were used for yogurt (.05 cups/day) and fibers (18.71 grams/day) intakes. Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) was used to examine relationships of yogurt consumption and fiber consumption separately with BMI, blood pressure, and blood lipids. ANCOVA was used to control for added sugars intakes. To test for interactions between yogurt and fibers, 2 × 2 ANOVA and ANCOVA were used. Data are expressed as means ± standard deviations. Results Of the 497 students, 48% reported lower yogurt consumption while 50% reported lower fiber consumption. Univariate-measures analysis indicated a significant effect of higher yogurt consumption on BMI (P = .037), blood glucose (P = .048), and diastolic blood pressure (P = .035) while higher fiber consumption showed a significant effect on total cholesterol (P = .011), HDL (P = .045), and triglycerides (P = .006). LDL was not significantly impacted (P = .069). No significance differences were reported within interactions (P > .05). Conclusions Higher yogurt consumption was associated with lower BMI, blood glucose, and diastolic blood pressure, while higher fiber consumption was associated with beneficial effects on lipids. Lack of interaction between yogurt and fibers may be related to a low yogurt intake in this population. These findings may promote further research focusing on synbiosis to examine the impact of fiber when consumed conjunctively with probiotic foods. Funding Sources There was no external funding for this study.

scholarly journals Association between metabolic parameters and risks of anemia and electrolyte disturbances among stages 3–5 chronic kidney disease patients in Taiwan

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Adi Lukas Kurniawan ◽  
Ya-Lan Yang ◽  
Chien-Yeh Hsu ◽  
Rathi Paramastri ◽  
Hsiu-An Lee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Chronic Kidney Disease ◽  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Kidney Disease ◽  
Diastolic Blood Pressure ◽  
Fasting Blood Glucose ◽  
Adverse Outcomes ◽  
Metabolic Parameters ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Electrolyte Disturbances

Abstract Background Anemia and electrolyte disturbances are adverse outcomes of chronic kidney disease (CKD). This study explored the association between metabolic parameters with anemia and electrolyte and mineral disorders among CKD patients in Taiwan. Methods This cross-sectional study with a total of 2176 CKD stages 3–5 patients were collected from the Department of Nephrology at Shuang Ho Hospital, Taipei Medical University through the “Chronic Kidney Disease Common Care Network” database from December 2008 to April 2019. A multivariable-adjusted logistic regression expressed as odd ratios (OR) was performed to assess the association of metabolic parameters with anemia and electrolyte and mineral disorders. Results Elevated diastolic blood pressure, fasting blood glucose, and glycated hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) were associated with presence of anemia. Similarly, elevated fasting blood glucose and HbA1c were associated with hyponatremia (OR = 1.59 and 1.58, P for both < 0.01) and hypercalcemia (OR = 1.38 and 1.33, P for both < 0.05). There was no significant association in serum lipid levels with presence of anemia. However, total triglycerides, total cholesterol and low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol were only associated with presence of hypercalcemia (OR = 1.43, 1.95 and 3.08, respectively, P for all < 0.05). Conclusions Elevated diastolic blood pressure, fasting blood glucose, HbA1c and blood lipids are associated with anemia or electrolyte and mineral disorders in CKD patients.

scholarly journals METS-IR, a novel score to evaluate insulin sensitivity, is associated with the urinary albumin–creatinine ratio in Chinese adults: A cross-sectional REACTION study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wanlu Su ◽  
Jie Wang ◽  
Songyan Yu ◽  
Kang Chen ◽  
Wenhua Yan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Fasting Blood Glucose ◽  
Urinary Albumin ◽  
Postprandial Blood Glucose ◽  
Creatinine Ratio ◽  
Discriminative Ability ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Albumin Creatinine Ratio

Abstract BackgroundThe metabolic score for insulin resistance (METS-IR) is a novel noninsulin-based metabolic index used as a substitution marker of insulin resistance. However, whether METS-IR is associated with the urinary albumin–creatinine ratio (UACR) is not well known. Therefore, we explored the associations between METS-IR and UACR and compared the discriminative ability of METS-IR and its components for elevated UACR. MethodsThis study included 37,290 subjects. METS-IR was calculated as follows: (Ln [2 × fasting blood glucose (FBG) + fasting triglyceride level (TG 0 )] × body mass index (BMI))/[Ln (high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C))]. Participants were divided into four groups on the basis of METS-IR: <25%, 25%–49%, 50%–74%, and ≥75%. Logistic regression analyses were conducted to determine the associations between METS-IR vs. its components (FBG, TG 0 , BMI, and HDL-C) with UACR. ResultsParticipants with the highest quartile METS-IR presented a more significant trend towards elevated UACR than towards its components (odds ratio [OR]: 1.260, 95% CI: 1.152–1.378, P < 0.001 in all subjects; OR: 1.321, 95% CI: 1.104–1.579, P = 0.002 in men; OR: 1.201, 95% CI: 1.083–1.330, P < 0.001 in women). There were significant associations between METS-IR and UACR in younger participants (<65 years for women and 55–64 years for men). Increased METS-IR was significantly associated with UACR in men with FBG ≥ 5.6 mmol/L or postprandial blood glucose ≥ 7.8 mmol/L and systolic blood pressure ≥ 120 mmHg or diastolic blood pressure ≥ 80 mmHg. The relationships were significant in women with diabetes and hypertension.ConclusionsIncreased METS-IR was significantly associated with elevated UACR, and its discriminative power for elevated UACR was superior to that of its components. This findings support the clinical significance of METS-IR for evaluating renal function damage.

The Perinatal Biopsychosocial Consequences of Various Levels of Gestational Hyperglycemia

2018 ◽  
Vol 29 (4) ◽  
pp. 268-275
Author(s):  
Chich-Hsiu Hung ◽  
Ching-Yun Yu ◽  
Mei-Chuan Huang
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Diastolic Blood Pressure ◽  
Health Care Providers ◽  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Fasting Blood Glucose ◽  
Care Providers ◽  
Early Screening ◽  
Time Points ◽  
Gestational Hyperglycemia

This study was to compare biopsychosocial consequences among three groups of women with gestational hyperglycemia. We conducted a repeated-measures study at five time points among 132 women with gestational hyperglycemia. Women’s physiological indicators and their psychosocial indicators were measured. There were 22.7% of participants had gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM), 11.4% had gestational impaired glucose tolerance (G-IGT), and 65.9% had mild gestational hyperglycemia (MGH). Women with GDM had higher fasting blood glucose and systolic/diastolic blood pressure than women with MGH. Women with GDM had higher diastolic blood pressure compared to women with G-IGT. Significant differences were found between the five time points regarding women’s fasting blood glucose, diastolic blood pressure, depression, and health status. Health care providers should conduct early screening for predictors of metabolic syndrome in women with any degree of gestational hyperglycemia. Nursing interventions could be offered as early as the perinatal period to promote women’s health.

scholarly journals Fasting Blood Glucose Profile among Secondary School Adolescents in Ado-Ekiti, Nigeria

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-4 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. O. Oluwayemi ◽  
S. J. Brink ◽  
E. E. Oyenusi ◽  
O. A. Oduwole ◽  
M. A. Oluwayemi
Keyword(s):  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Family History ◽  
Secondary School ◽  
Fasting Blood Glucose ◽  
Positive Family History ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Female Ratio ◽  
History Of ◽  
History Of Obesity ◽  
The Impact

Background.Over the past two decades there has been an increase in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in children. Baseline data is needed to assess the impact of changing lifestyles on Ado-Ekiti, a previously semiurban community in Southwest Nigeria. This study was therefore conducted to assess the fasting blood glucose (FBG) of adolescents in Ado-Ekiti, Nigeria.Methodology.This was a cross-sectional study involving 628 adolescents from three different secondary schools in Ado-Ekiti, Nigeria. With parental consent, volunteers completed a structured questionnaire, and an overnight FBG was measured.Results.There were 346 males and 282 females (male : female ratio = 1.2 : 1). Their ages ranged from 10 to 19 years (mean age:14.2±1.7years). Four hundred and forty-four (70.7%) had normal FBG, while 180 (28.7%) and 4 (0.6%) had FBG in the prediabetic and diabetic range, respectively. Female gender, age group 10–14 years, and family history of obesity were significantly associated with impaired FBG (Pvalue <0.001, <0.001, and 0.045, resp.).Conclusion.Impaired FBG is common among secondary school adolescents and it is more prevalent among younger female adolescents (10–14 years) with positive family history of obesity.

scholarly journals Screening of Kidney Disease in Asymptomatic Female College Students by Urine Dipstick Method

2021 ◽  
Vol 41 (3) ◽  
pp. 13-16
Author(s):  
Santosh Chhetri ◽  
Dibya S Shah
Keyword(s):  
College Students ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Kidney Disease ◽  
Diastolic Blood Pressure ◽  
Female Students ◽  
Female College Students ◽  
Renal Diseases ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Female College ◽  
Urine Dipstick

Introduction Urine examination by urine dipstick method is a useful tool to identify asymptomatic individual for kidney disease. A urine dipstick analysis was conducted on world kidney day to determine the urine abnormalities among asymptomatic female college students. MethodsA cross-sectional study was carried out in a government female college in Kathmandu Nepal. Three hundred asymptomatic female students participated in this study. Fresh midstream urine samples were obtained and tested by urine dipstick method. Random Blood glucose was monitored with glucometer. Blood pressure was measured by manual sphynomanometer. ResultsThe mean age of the female students was 22.62±2.686 years. Fifteen participants (5%) were found positive for proteinuria and only 1% of participants had glycosuria. The systolic blood pressure of >120 mm Hg was present in 14% of participants while 5% of participants had diastolic blood pressure of >90mm Hg. Participants who were found to have urinary proteinuria detected had both systolic and diastolic blood pressure increased. Only 8% of the participants had random blood sugar of >140 mg/dl. ConclusionUrinary abnormalities like proteinuria and glycosuria in asymptomatic female students has significant prevalence. Systemic prehypertension and hypertension has alarming rates among adolescents. Hence, screening for blood pressure and early detection of renal disorders will lead to effective interventions and possibly reduce the burden of renal diseases.

scholarly journals Association of serum uric acid, morning home blood pressure and cardiovascular risk factors in a population with previous prehypertension: a cross-sectional study

BMJ Open ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (9) ◽  
pp. e038046 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lucky Aziza Bawazier ◽  
Mochammad Sja'bani ◽  
Fredie Irijanto ◽  
Zulaela Zulaela ◽  
Agus Widiatmoko ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Uric Acid ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk ◽  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk Factors ◽  
Fasting Blood Glucose ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional

ObjectiveTo observe the changes in blood pressure (BP) over 10 years and to investigate current BP association to serum uric acid (SUA) levels and cardiovascular risk factors in the epidemiological data of a target group of patients with prehypertension in 2007.DesignCross-sectional study.SettingMlati Subdistrict, Sleman District, Yogyakarta Province, Indonesia.ParticipantsA total of 733 patients from ‘Mlati Study Database’ in 2007 were selected by simple random sampling using statistical software. Subjects had both physical and laboratory examinations.Outcome measuresMorning home BP and laboratory examination of urine (uric acid excretion and creatinine) and blood samples (SUA, blood urea nitrogen, creatinine, a lipid profile and fasting blood glucose levels).ResultsAbout 31.1% of 733 subjects with prehypertension became hypertensive after 10 years, 24.6% returned to normal tension and the rest of it remained in prehypertensive state. Mean (SD) of SUA levels in 2017 was significantly higher in men than in women (5.78 (1.25) mg/dL vs 4.52 (1.10) mg/dL, p<0.001). Furthermore, men tended to have high-normal (5–7 mg/dL) or high SUA levels (≥7 mg/dL) compared with women (p<0.001, Relative Risk (RR)=2.60). High-normal and high SUA levels in population with a history of prehypertension were significantly associated with current prehypertension and hypertension only in women (p=0.001, RR=1.21). Age and body mass index was found to be significantly associated with both systolic and diastolic BP in men, but only with systolic BP in women. Fasting blood glucose and SUA levels were significantly associated with systolic and diastolic BP only in women.ConclusionWe concluded that after 10 years, of 733 subjects with prehypertension, 31.1% became hypertensive. The SUA levels in men are significantly higher than those in women. Moreover, high-normal and high SUA levels were significantly associated with prehypertension and hypertension in women but not in men.

scholarly journals Cross-sectional and longitudinal comparisons of metabolic profiles between vegetarian and non-vegetarian subjects: a matched cohort study

2015 ◽  
Vol 114 (8) ◽  
pp. 1313-1320 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yen-Feng Chiu ◽  
Chih-Cheng Hsu ◽  
Tina H. T. Chiu ◽  
Chun-Yi Lee ◽  
Ting-Ting Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Metabolic Profile ◽  
Fasting Blood Glucose ◽  
Vegetarian Diet ◽  
Vegan Diet ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Metabolic Traits ◽  
Elevated Glucose ◽  
Vegetarian Diets ◽  
The Impact

AbstractSeveral previous cross-sectional studies have shown that vegetarians have a better metabolic profile than non-vegetarians, suggesting that a vegetarian dietary pattern may help prevent chronic degenerative diseases. However, longitudinal studies on the impact of vegetarian diets on metabolic traits are scarce. We studied how several sub-types of vegetarian diets affect metabolic traits, including waist circumference, BMI, systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure, fasting blood glucose, total cholesterol (TC), HDL, LDL, TAG and TC:HDL ratio, through both cross-sectional and longitudinal study designs. The study used the MJ Health Screening database, with data collected from 1994 to 2008 in Taiwan, which included 4415 lacto-ovo-vegetarians, 1855 lacto-vegetarians and 1913 vegans; each vegetarian was matched with five non-vegetarians based on age, sex and study site. In the longitudinal follow-up, each additional year of vegan diet lowered the risk of obesity by 7 % (95 % CI 0·88, 0·99), whereas each additional year of lacto-vegetarian diet lowered the risk of elevated SBP by 8 % (95 % CI 0·85, 0·99) and elevated glucose by 7 % (95 % CI 0·87, 0·99), and each additional year of ovo-lacto-vegetarian diet increased abnormal HDL by 7 % (95 % CI 1·03, 1·12), compared with non-vegetarians. In the cross-sectional comparisons, all sub-types of vegetarians had lower likelihoods of abnormalities compared with non-vegetarians on all metabolic traits (P<0·001 for all comparisons), except for HDL and TAG. The better metabolic profile in vegetarians is partially attributable to lower BMI. With proper management of TAG and HDL, along with caution about the intake of refined carbohydrates and fructose, a plant-based diet may benefit all aspects of the metabolic profile.

scholarly journals Demographic, medical and visual aspects of Dia- betic Retinopathy (DR) and Diabetic Macular Edema (DME) in South African diabetic patients*

2009 ◽  
Vol 68 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Anusha Y. Sukha ◽  
Alan Rubin
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Diastolic Blood Pressure ◽  
South African ◽  
Vision Loss ◽  
Fundus Photography ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Central Visual Field ◽  
Interaction Domain ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Impact

Objective: To investigate some of the demographic, medical, and visual aspects of diabetic retinopathy (DR) and diabetic macula edema (DME) in diabetics attending an urban clinic in Johannesburg, Gauteng.Design: In this cross-sectional study, 202 diabetic patients were recruited. Demographic variables included age, gender, race, age of diagnosis, duration of diabetes mellitus (DM), and social habits. Medical variables included systemic conditions present, blood pressures, body mass indices (BMI), lipid profiles, glycerated haemoglobin (HbA1c), and other biochemical data. Visual variables included distance, pinhole and near visual acuities, contrast visual acuities (CVA), refractive status, colour vision, central visual field evaluation with the Amsler grid, intraocular pressures (IOP), fundus photography and administration of the Impact of Visual Impairment (IVI) questionnaire. All variables were compared between diabetic subjects with and with-out DR and DME in both right and left eyes.Results: Overall prevalence of DR was 22.8% and DME 12.5%. In DR subjects, significant results indicated that Whites were more likely to present with DR (p = 0.002). Subjects with DR had a higher mean duration of DM (p = 0.002) and a higher mean diastolic blood pressure (p = 0.035). Autorefraction suggested that more myopia and less astigmatism might be associated with DR. A higher mean CVA at the 2.5% level in DR was significant in both the right eyes (p = 0.042) and left eyes (p = 0.035). These subjects also reported a higher mean IVI score in the consumer and social interaction domain (p = 0.032). Similarly, DME subjects displayed a higher mean duration of DM (p = 0.042) and a higher mean diastolic blood pressure (p = 0.048). A higher mean CVA was associated at both the 10% level: right eyes (p = 0.021); and left eyes (p = 0.046), and at the 2.5% level: right eyes (p = 0.033) and left eyes (p = 0.045). A higher mean IVI score in leisure and work (p = 0.026), consumer and social interactions (p = 0.01) and emotional re-action to vision loss (p = 0.018) was reported in subjects with DME.Conclusion: This study has identified possible demographic, medical and visual risk factors of DR and DME in South African diabetic patients.  

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