scholarly journals Validation of a New Instrument for Assessing Diet Quality and Its Association with Undernutrition and Non-Communicable Diseases for Women in Reproductive Age in India

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. 1451-1451 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mika Matsuzaki ◽  
Sabri Bromage ◽  
Carolina Batis ◽  
Teresa Fung ◽  
Yanping Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diet Quality ◽  
Assessment Tool ◽  
Dietary Assessment ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Communicable Diseases ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
Double Burden ◽  
Non Communicable Diseases ◽  
Nutrient Adequacy ◽  
New Instrument

Abstract Objectives India has been undergoing a rapid nutrition transition, resulting in the co-existence of undernutrition and nutrition-related non-communicable diseases (NCD). There is a need to develop and validate a diet quality assessment tool to assess risks for the double burden of disease. Methods We included 2915 non-pregnant and non-lactating women (15–49 years) from two Indian cohorts: The Andhra Pradesh Children and Parent Study and the Indian Migration Study. Using dietary data collected from FFQs, we developed a novel diet metric, the Global Diet Quality Score (GDQS). We categorized foods into 25 groups based on similarity of nutrient intake and intake patterns. Each category was assigned a positive or negative score based on prior evidence on their associations with undernutrition and NCD. Scores were calculated from the frequency and intake amounts for each category with higher scores corresponding to better diet quality (maximum total points of 49). We evaluated associations between the GDQS (overall, positive submetric, and negative submetric) and overall nutrient adequacy (>6/12 nutrients intake being adequate), individual micro and macronutrients, BMI, hemoglobin, systolic and diastolic blood pressure (SBP and DBP), high density lipoprotein (HDL), and total cholesterol (TC). Results The mean (SD) of the GDQS was 24 (4) points. In energy-adjusted models, positive associations were found between the overall GDQS and intakes of calcium, fiber, folate, iron, MUFA, protein, PUFA, SFA, total fat, and zinc in energy-adjusted models (r = 0.15–0.33, P < 0.001). Adjusted for age, GDQS was positively associated with overall nutrient adequacy. Quintile analyses showed that GDQS was positively associated with the odds of being overweight, obese and high SBP. Lower intake of foods in the GDQS negative submetric was associated with lower odds of having BMI ≥ 30 kg/m2 (OR = 0.66 (95% CI: 0.56–0.77), TC ≥200 mg/dL (0.87 (0.78–0.97), and DBP ≥ 80 mmHg (0.82 (0.74–0.92). Conclusions Among Indian women, the overall GDQS was positively associated with overall nutrient adequacy. Both the overall and negative submetric were associated with several NCD risk markers. Future studies should validate these metrics against incident diabetes and cardiovascular disease. Funding Sources Intake - Center for Dietary Assessment at FHI Solutions.

Association of Pro-inflammatory Diet With Risk of Type 2 Diabetes and Hypertension; Results From RaNCD Cohort Study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Samira Arbabi Jam ◽  
Shahab Rezaeian ◽  
Farid Najafi ◽  
Behroz Hamze ◽  
Ebrahim Shakiba ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Cohort Study ◽  
Assessment Tool ◽  
Communicable Diseases ◽  
Dietary Factors ◽  
Base Line ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Non Communicable Diseases

Abstract Background: Dietary factors and inflammation are associated with most non-communicable diseases (NCDs). The Dietary Inflammatory Index (DII) is a developed validated assessment tool. This study was conducted to assessed association of DII with the hypertension and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Methods: This cross-sectional analysis was performed on 9,811 participants of 35 to 65 years of the base-line phase data of Ravansar Non-Communicable Diseases (RaNCD) cohort study. The DII was calculated using 31 parameters food of food frequency questionnaire (FFQ). The estimates were performed using univariable and multivariable logistic regression.Results: The mean DII scores in healthy participants was -2.32± 1.60, in participant with T2DM, hypertension and both were -2.23± 1.59, -2.45± 1.60 and -2.25± 1.60, respectively (P= 0.011). Pre-inflammatory diet was significantly higher in male compared to female (P<0.001). In the most pro-inflammatory diet was significantly higher BMI (body mass index), triglyceride, energy intake, smokers; and was significantly lower socio-economic status (SES), physical activity and HDL-C compared to the most anti-inflammatory diet. Participants with T2DM, hypertension and comorbidity had a significantly higher mean of anthropometry indices (P<0.001) and lipid profile compared to healthy subjects (P<0.001). After adjustment for age, sex and physical activity, the odds of T2DM in the fourth quartile of DII was 1.48 (95% CI: 1.19, 1.85) times higher compared to the first quartile of DII. Conclusions: Pro-inflammatory diet was weak associations with hypertension. Pro-inflammatory diet was significant associations with increasing T2DM and its related risk factors. Modification of diet and lifestyle is suggested to reduce inflammation.

scholarly journals Manajemen Deteksi Dini Faktor Resiko Penyakit Tidak Menular (PTM)

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 48
Author(s):  
Isnaeni Rofiqoch
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Early Detection ◽  
Community Service ◽  
Blood Pressure Measurement ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Communicable Diseases ◽  
Double Burden ◽  
Non Communicable Diseases ◽  
Average Value

Non-Communicable Diseases (NCD) is one of the causes of death in the world. Indonesia is a developing country that is facing a double burden of diseases, namely infectious diseases and non-communicable diseases. NCD can appear without symptoms and show no clinical signs, so many people are not aware of the dangers of NCD disease. The purpose of this comunity service is to provide counseling about NCD and measure blood pressure in an effort to detect NCD Early.This community service uses counseling as a method to increases partner knowledge in early detection of NCD. The average of partners knowledge increase by 42.6%. This is calculated by comparing the pre test average value of 5.70 and the post test average value of 8.20. Implementation of community service can increase the knowledge of the elderly posyandu group of Sokaraja Kulon Village so that the participants have the desire to prevent NCD and find out blood pressure from blood pressure measurement results in order to reduce the causes of non-communicable diseases (NCD) and have the intention to inform knowledge about Non-Communicable Diseases (NCD) to Family, Relatives and Communities.Keywords :Early Detection,Non-Communicable Diseases

scholarly journals Metabolic indicators associated with non-communicable diseases deteriorated in COVID-19 outbreak: evidence from a two-center, retrospective study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ting Xue ◽  
Lizhen Xu ◽  
Yaqian Mao ◽  
Wei Lin ◽  
Jixing Liang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Glycosylated Hemoglobin ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Communicable Diseases ◽  
Controlled Study ◽  
Rank Test ◽  
Paired Data ◽  
Peak Period ◽  
Non Communicable Diseases ◽  
Provincial Hospital ◽  
Significant Difference

AbstractObjectiveOur study aimed to investigate whether the metabolic indicators associated with non-communicable diseases (NCDs) in the general population have changed during the COVID-19 outbreak.METHODSThis retrospective self-controlled study enrolled adult participants with metabolic indicators relate to NCDs followed at Fujian Provincial Hospital and Fujian Provincial Hospital South Branch. The metabolic indicators followed during January 1, 2020 and April 30, 2020, the peak period of the COVID-19 epidemic in China, were compared with the baseline value in the same period last year. Pared-samples T-test and Wilcoxon signed-rank test were performed to analyze the differences between paired data.ResultsThe follow-up total cholesterol was significantly increased than that of the baseline (4.73 (4.05, 5.46) mmol/L vs 4.71 (4.05, 5.43) mmol/L, p=0.019; n=3379). Similar results were observed in triglyceride (1.29 (0.91, 1.88) vs 1.25 (0.87, 1.81) mmol/L, p<0.001; n=3381), uric acid (330.0 (272.0, 397.0) vs 327.0 (271.0, 389.0) umol/L, p<0.001; n=3364), and glycosylated hemoglobin (6.50 (6.10, 7.30) vs 6.50 (6.10, 7.20) %, p=0.013; n=532). No significant difference was observed in low density lipoprotein, body mass index and blood pressure.ConclusionsMetabolic indicators associated with NCDs deteriorated in the COVID-19 outbreak. We should take action to prevent and control NCDs without delay.

scholarly journals A comprehensive capacity assessment tool for non-communicable diseases in low- to middle-income countries: development and results of pilot testing

2016 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 43-53 ◽  
Author(s):  
Isabel Garcia de Quevedo ◽  
Felipe Lobelo ◽  
Loren Cadena ◽  
Madalena Soares ◽  
Michael Pratt
Keyword(s):  
Assessment Tool ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Premature Mortality ◽  
Communicable Diseases ◽  
Middle Income ◽  
Non Communicable Diseases ◽  
Middle Income Countries ◽  
Care Services ◽  
Primary Care Services ◽  
Challenges And Opportunities

Non-communicable diseases (NCDs) are the leading causes of death worldwide, with higher rates of premature mortality in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). This places a high economic burden on these countries, which usually have limited capacity to address this public health problem. We developed a guided self-assessment tool for describing national capacity for NCD prevention and control. The purpose of this tool was to assist countries in identifying key opportunities and gaps in NCD capacity. It was piloted in three countries between 2012 and 2013: Mozambique, Colombia, and the Dominican Republic. The tool includes details about NCD burden; health system infrastructure and primary care services; workforce capacity; surveillance; planning, policy, and program management; and partnerships. In the three pilot countries, the tool helped to identify differences in capacity needs pertaining to staff, training, and surveillance, but similarities were also found related to NCD challenges and opportunities. The NCD tool increased our understanding of needs and critical capacity elements for addressing NCDs in the three pilot countries. This tool can be used by other LMICs to map their efforts toward addressing NCD goals and defining priorities.

scholarly journals Indirect maternal deaths: UK and global perspectives

2017 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 10-15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Manisha Nair ◽  
Catherine Nelson-Piercy ◽  
Marian Knight
Keyword(s):  
Communicable Diseases ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
Steady Increase ◽  
Access To Health Services ◽  
Maternal Deaths ◽  
Middle Income ◽  
Non Communicable Diseases ◽  
Delay In Diagnosis ◽  
Middle Income Countries ◽  
The Uk

Indirect maternal deaths outnumber direct deaths due to obstetric causes in many high-income countries, and there has been a significant increase in the proportion of maternal deaths due to indirect medical causes in low- to middle-income countries. This review presents a detailed analysis of indirect maternal deaths in the UK and a perspective on the causes and trends in indirect maternal deaths and issues related to care in low- to middle-income countries. There has been no significant decrease in the rate of indirect maternal deaths in the UK since 2003. In 2011–2013, 68% of all maternal deaths were due to indirect causes, and cardiac disease was the single largest cause. The major issues identified in care of women who died from an indirect cause was a lack of clarity about which medical professional should take responsibility for care and overall management. Under-reporting and misclassification result in underestimation of the rate of indirect maternal deaths in low- to middle-income countries. Causes of indirect death include a range of communicable diseases, non-communicable diseases and nutritional disorders. There has been evidence of a shift in incidence from direct to indirect maternal deaths in many low- to middle-income countries due to an increase in non-communicable diseases among women in the reproductive age. The gaps in care identified include poor access to health services, lack of healthcare providers, delay in diagnosis or misdiagnosis and inadequate follow-up during the postnatal period. Irrespective of the significant gains made in reducing maternal mortality in many countries worldwide, there is evidence of a steady increase in the rate of indirect deaths due to pre-existing medical conditions. This heightens the need for research to generate evidence about the risk factors, management and outcomes of specific medical comorbidities during pregnancy in order to provide appropriate evidence-based multidisciplinary care across the entire pathway: pre-pregnancy, during pregnancy and delivery, and postpartum.

scholarly journals Validity of Anthropometric Cut-offs for Early Diagnosis of Dyslipidemia among Adults in Jimma Town, Southwest Ethiopia

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sileshi Kenate ◽  
Temamen Tesfaye ◽  
Solomon Berhanu ◽  
Belay Zawdie ◽  
Yonas Tesfaye ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Waist Circumference ◽  
High Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Lipid Profile ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Communicable Diseases ◽  
Kappa Coefficient ◽  
Anthropometric Measurement ◽  
Non Communicable Diseases ◽  
Jimma Town ◽  
Lipoprotein Measurement

Abstract Background: Lack of regional and local based cut off points of lipid profile and/or anthropometric measurement remains one of the challenges in prevention, early detection and control of non-communicable diseases. This study was aimed to validate anthropometric based screening of lipid profile in order to prevent potential predictors of major non-communicable diseases.Methods: Community based cross sectional study was conducted among randomly selected 977 adults in Jimma Town, Ethiopia from July 20 to August 20, 2019. Data were collected using structured questionnaire, anthropometric and biochemical measurements. Data were analyzed using SPSS windows version 20 and Kappa statistic (K) was used to validate the agreement between anthropometric measurement and lipid profile of the study participants. A p-value of < 0.05 was considered statistically significant.Results: Body mass index (BMI) at ≥24.5 was used as screening of dyslipidemia (TG≥150mg/dl) with slight Kappa coefficient of 0.138 (P<0.001) among females while it was ≥22.2 among males with fair (0.275) Kappa coefficient (P<0.001). Waist circumference based screening of dyslipidemia (TG≥ 150mg/dl) at ≥78.0cm had negative (-0.005) Kappa coefficient (P<0.001) among females (sensitivity: 72.6% & specificity: 26.7%). Yet, waist circumference at ≥83.7cm had slight Kappa coefficient of 0.13(P<0.005) among males (sensitivity: 38% & specificity: 74.9%). Waist hip ratio based screening of dyslipidemia (TG≥150mg/dl) at ≥0.82 among females had negative (-0.001) Kappa coefficient (p=0.763) whereas among males at ≥0.88 there was a slight (0.105) Kappa coefficient of (p=0.002) (Sensitivity: 77.5% & Specificity: 36.8%). This study showed that anthropometric based of high-density lipoprotein measurement was not applicable. Conclusions: Findings of this study indicated that BMI-based screening of triglyceride was applicable for both sexes than other anthropometric measurements. Waist circumference and Waist to hip ratio-based screening of triglyceride was slightly applicable only for males. However, anthropometric based screening of high-density lipoprotein measurement was not applicable for both sexes. In conclusion, researchers and policy makers need to consider local cut off points to conduct screening nutritional status of the community.

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