Validity of Anthropometric Cut-offs for Early Diagnosis of Dyslipidemia among Adults in Jimma Town, Southwest Ethiopia

Abstract Background: Lack of regional and local based cut off points of lipid profile and/or anthropometric measurement remains one of the challenges in prevention, early detection and control of non-communicable diseases. This study was aimed to validate anthropometric based screening of lipid profile in order to prevent potential predictors of major non-communicable diseases.Methods: Community based cross sectional study was conducted among randomly selected 977 adults in Jimma Town, Ethiopia from July 20 to August 20, 2019. Data were collected using structured questionnaire, anthropometric and biochemical measurements. Data were analyzed using SPSS windows version 20 and Kappa statistic (K) was used to validate the agreement between anthropometric measurement and lipid profile of the study participants. A p-value of < 0.05 was considered statistically significant.Results: Body mass index (BMI) at ≥24.5 was used as screening of dyslipidemia (TG≥150mg/dl) with slight Kappa coefficient of 0.138 (P<0.001) among females while it was ≥22.2 among males with fair (0.275) Kappa coefficient (P<0.001). Waist circumference based screening of dyslipidemia (TG≥ 150mg/dl) at ≥78.0cm had negative (-0.005) Kappa coefficient (P<0.001) among females (sensitivity: 72.6% & specificity: 26.7%). Yet, waist circumference at ≥83.7cm had slight Kappa coefficient of 0.13(P<0.005) among males (sensitivity: 38% & specificity: 74.9%). Waist hip ratio based screening of dyslipidemia (TG≥150mg/dl) at ≥0.82 among females had negative (-0.001) Kappa coefficient (p=0.763) whereas among males at ≥0.88 there was a slight (0.105) Kappa coefficient of (p=0.002) (Sensitivity: 77.5% & Specificity: 36.8%). This study showed that anthropometric based of high-density lipoprotein measurement was not applicable. Conclusions: Findings of this study indicated that BMI-based screening of triglyceride was applicable for both sexes than other anthropometric measurements. Waist circumference and Waist to hip ratio-based screening of triglyceride was slightly applicable only for males. However, anthropometric based screening of high-density lipoprotein measurement was not applicable for both sexes. In conclusion, researchers and policy makers need to consider local cut off points to conduct screening nutritional status of the community.

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Waist circumference and low high-density lipoprotein cholesterol as markers of cardiometabolic risk in Kenyan adults

PLoS ONE ◽

10.1371/journal.pone.0247600 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 16 (2) ◽

pp. e0247600

Author(s):

Daniel Faurholt-Jepsen ◽

Henrik Friis ◽

David L. Mwaniki ◽

Michael K. Boit ◽

Lydia U. Kaduka ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Waist Circumference ◽

High Density Lipoprotein ◽

Lipid Profile ◽

Hepatic Steatosis ◽

Cardiometabolic Risk ◽

Density Lipoprotein ◽

High Density ◽

Cardiometabolic Risk Factors ◽

Lipoprotein Cholesterol

Background Abdominal obesity predict metabolic syndrome parameters at low levels of waist circumference (WC) in Africans. At the same time, the African lipid profile phenotype of low high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol without concomitant elevated triglyceride levels renders high triglyceride levels detrimental to cardiometabolic health unsuitable for identifying cardiometabolic risk in black African populations. Objectives We aimed to identify simple clinical measures for cardiometabolic risk based on WC and HDL in an adult Kenyan population in order to determine which of the two predictors had the strongest impact. Methods We used linear regression analyses to assess the association between the two exposure variables WC and HDL with cardiometabolic risk factors including ultrasound-derived visceral (VAT) and subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT) accumulation, fasting and 2-h venous glucose, fasting insulin, fasting lipid profile, and blood pressure in adult Kenyans (n = 1 370), and a sub-population with hyperglycaemia (diabetes and pre-diabetes) (n = 196). The same analyses were performed with an interaction between WC and HDL to address potential effect modification. Ultrasound-based, semi-quantitative hepatic steatosis assessment was used as a high-risk measure of cardiometabolic disease. Results Mean age was 38.2 (SD 10.7) (range 17–68) years, mean body mass index was 22.3 (SD 4.5) (range 13.0–44.8) kg/m2, and 57.8% were women. Cardiometabolic risk was found in the association between both WC and HDL and all outcome variables (p<0.05) except for HDL and SAT, fasting and 2-h venous glucose. Additive cardiometabolic risk (WC and HDL interaction) was found for SAT, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and triglycerides. No differences in the association between WC and HDL and the outcome variables were found when comparing the full study population and the hyperglycaemia sub-population. Increase in WC and HDL were both associated with hepatic steatosis (OR 1.09, p<0.001, and OR 0.46, p = 0.031, respectively). Conclusion In adult Kenyans, increasing WC identified more cardiometabolic risk factors compared to HDL.

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Study of Lipid Profile in Adult Population of Bangladesh

Cardiovascular Journal ◽

10.3329/cardio.v8i2.26815 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 8 (2) ◽

pp. 128-134

Author(s):

Md Abdul Kader Akanda ◽

Zulfikar Ali ◽

Kamrun Nahar Choudhury ◽

Lima Asrin Sayami ◽

Reaz Mahmud Huda ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Population Dynamics ◽

Lipid Profile ◽

Total Cholesterol ◽

Intervention Program ◽

Total Cholesterol Level ◽

Adult Population ◽

Communicable Diseases ◽

Anthropometric Measurement ◽

P Value ◽

Non Communicable Diseases

Background: Lipid disorder is a major risk factor for the progression of atherosclerosis. With increasing urbanization and socioeconomic improvement, changing population dynamics is expected to influence disease pattern with rising trends of non communicable diseases. Thus there is a need to screen healthy adults for their lipid pattern with high population dynamics in Bangladesh. Present study was aimed to find out the distribution of lipid profile in adult population of Bangladesh.Methods: A cross-sectional study was carried out among adults age over 18 years residing in an urban and a rural community. A total of seven hundred sixty eight (768) participants were screened. Data included socioeconomic information, behavioural risk factors, anthropometric measurement and biochemical measurement using a pretested questionnaire.Results: Between the urban and rural participants, the mean total cholesterol level was 175.2±37.5 vs. 149.6±23.8 mg/dl, mean triglyceride was 132.5±35.3 vs. 154.7±34 mg/dl and mean low density lipoprotein was 104.0±34.6 vs.79.7±25.5 (mg/dl), respectively (p-value <0.05). There was an increase in total cholesterol with increasing age (OR = 4.53, 95% CI = 3.55-9.52) and economic status between the areas (p<0.05, OR = 1.88, 95% CI = 0.89-2.37). Total cholesterol was found to be high among urban participants and triglyceride level was found to be high among rural population (p<0.05). Factors significantly associated with dyslipidemia were blood pressure, fasting blood sugar and food habits (p<0.05).Conclusion: The result will be used for lifestyle intervention program to maintain the normal level of lipid profile and to achieve primary prevention of coronary artery disease and associated non communicable diseases in the entire population.Cardiovasc. j. 2016; 8(2): 128-134

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The role of lipoprotein profile in depression and cognitive performance: a network analysis

Scientific Reports ◽

10.1038/s41598-020-77782-9 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 10 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Qiu-fang Jia ◽

Han-xue Yang ◽

Nan-nan Zhuang ◽

Xu-yuan Yin ◽

Zhen-hua Zhu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Cognitive Impairment ◽

Network Analysis ◽

High Density Lipoprotein ◽

Lipid Profile ◽

Cognitive Performance ◽

Serum Lipid ◽

Density Lipoprotein ◽

Lipoprotein Profile ◽

Depressive State

AbstractLipid profile (total cholesterol and lipoprotein fractions) has been found to correlate with depression and cognitive impairment across the lifespan. However, the role of lipid levels in self-rated depressive state and cognitive impairment remains unclear. In this study, we examined the relationship between lipid profile (total cholesterol, triglycerides, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol) and cognition in adults with and without self-rated depression. Four hundred and thirty-eight healthy participants completed the Repeatable Battery for the Assessment of Neuropsychological Status (RBANS), the Self-Rating Depression Scale (SDS), and a serum lipoprotein test. Using multivariate ANOVA, partial correlation and network analysis, a network linking lipoprotein profile, depressive state and cognition was constructed. A significant difference in serum lipid profile between the high and low depressive groups was detected. Depressive state had a strong negative correlation with cognitive performance. Of the lipid profile, only high-density lipoprotein was positively correlated with depressive symptom severity, whereas the other three indices showed negative correlation with both depressive state and cognitive performance. Our results suggest that serum lipid profile may be directly linked to self-rated depression and cognitive performance. Further studies recruiting larger clinical samples are needed to elucidate the specific effect of lipoprotein on cognitive impairment in mood disorder.

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Advanced Lipoprotein Analysis Shows Atherogenic Lipid Profile That Improves After Metreleptin in Patients with Lipodystrophy

Journal of the Endocrine Society ◽

10.1210/js.2019-00103 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 3 (8) ◽

pp. 1503-1517 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Alexandra B Kinzer ◽

Robert D Shamburek ◽

Marissa Lightbourne ◽

Ranganath Muniyappa ◽

Rebecca J Brown

Keyword(s):

Insulin Resistance ◽

High Density Lipoprotein ◽

Lipid Profile ◽

Density Lipoprotein ◽

High Density ◽

Lipoprotein Profile ◽

Cvd Risk ◽

Lipoprotein Particles ◽

Atherogenic Lipid Profile ◽

Atherogenic Lipid

Abstract Context Patients with lipodystrophy have dyslipidemia and insulin resistance. Leptin treatment with metreleptin in lipodystrophy decreases insulin resistance and lowers triglycerides without changing high-density lipoprotein. Detailed measurement of lipoprotein particles with nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy can offer insights into cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk and lipid metabolism beyond a standard lipid panel. We hypothesized that patients with lipodystrophy would have a more atherogenic lipid profile than controls at baseline, which would be ameliorated with metreleptin treatment. Objective To characterize the lipoprotein profile in patients with lipodystrophy compared with controls and to evaluate effects of metreleptin treatment. Design, Setting, Patients, and Intervention Patients with lipodystrophy (N = 17) were studied before and after metreleptin for 2 weeks and 6 months and compared with 51 insulin-sensitive sex-matched controls. Main Outcome Measures Lipoprotein profiles were measured by NMR with the LP4 deconvolution algorithm, which reports triglyceride-rich lipoprotein particles (TRLPs), high-density lipoprotein particles (HDLPs), and low-density lipoprotein particles (LDLPs). Results Patients with lipodystrophy had elevated large TRLPs and smaller HDLPs and LDLPs compared with controls. Five patients with lipodystrophy had chylomicrons, compared with zero controls. Metreleptin decreased the size and concentration of TRLPs, eliminated chylomicrons in all but one patient, decreased LDLPs, and increased LDLP size. Metreleptin treatment did not have major effects on HDLPs. Conclusions Patients with lipodystrophy had an atherogenic lipoprotein profile at baseline consistent with elevated CVD risk, which improved after metreleptin treatment. The presence of fasting chylomicrons in a subset of patients with lipodystrophy suggests saturation of chylomicron clearance by lipoprotein lipase.

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Association of plant-based diets with lipid profile and anthropometric indices: a cross-sectional study

Nutrition & Food Science ◽

10.1108/nfs-06-2021-0181 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽

Author(s):

Mohadese Borazjani ◽

Mehran Nouri ◽

Kamesh Venkatakrishnane ◽

Maryam Najafi ◽

Shiva Faghih

Keyword(s):

High Density Lipoprotein ◽

Lipid Profile ◽

Density Lipoprotein ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Lipoprotein Cholesterol ◽

Healthy Plant ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Anthropometric Indices ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Content Type

Purpose Plant-based diets have been related to decreasing morbidity and mortality of many non-communicable diseases. The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between plant-based diets and lipid profiles and anthropometric indices. Design/methodology/approach This cross-sectional study was performed on 236 men and women selected from Shiraz health-care centers. This study used a 168-item food frequency questionnaire to calculate plant-based diet index (PDI), healthy plant-based diet index (hPDI) and unhealthy plant-based diet index (uPDI). Total cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol and triglycerides were measured. Furthermore, body mass index, a body shape index and conicity index (CI) were calculated after measuring weight, height and waist circumference. Findings Higher score of PDI was significantly related to higher triglycerides level (OR = 2.16; 95% CI: 1.04, 4.48; P = 0.03). In the fully adjusted model, there was a significant association between ABSI and hPDI (OR = 4.88; 95% CI: 1.17, 20.24; P = 0.03). A significant inverse association was observed between uPDI and high-density lipoprotein (HDL) (OR = 0.45; 95% CI = 0.21, 0.98; P = 0.03). Also, this study found a decreasing, but insignificant trend in relation of ABSI (OR = 0.72; 95% CI = 0.22, 2.34) and CI (OR = 0.41; 95% CI = 0.06, 0.56) with PDI. Research limitations/implications Further studies are needed to explore the association of PDI with anthropometric indices and lipid profile and also to assess the potential causality of the observed associations. Plant-based diets according to their contents could affect triglycerides, HDL and anthropometric properties. Practical implications Hence, dietitians should consider the findings of this study such as the inverse effect of unhealthy plant-based diets on HDL and the relation between healthy plant-based diets and WC and abdominal obesity. Originality/value This study showed that adherence to a plant-based diet was related to higher triglycerides levels. Also, uPDI was inversely associated with HDL level. Furthermore, participants who adhered more to a healthy plant-based diet had higher abdominal adiposity.

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Metabolic indicators associated with non-communicable diseases deteriorated in COVID-19 outbreak: evidence from a two-center, retrospective study

10.1101/2020.07.02.20144857 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Ting Xue ◽

Lizhen Xu ◽

Yaqian Mao ◽

Wei Lin ◽

Jixing Liang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Glycosylated Hemoglobin ◽

Density Lipoprotein ◽

Communicable Diseases ◽

Controlled Study ◽

Rank Test ◽

Paired Data ◽

Peak Period ◽

Non Communicable Diseases ◽

Provincial Hospital ◽

Significant Difference

AbstractObjectiveOur study aimed to investigate whether the metabolic indicators associated with non-communicable diseases (NCDs) in the general population have changed during the COVID-19 outbreak.METHODSThis retrospective self-controlled study enrolled adult participants with metabolic indicators relate to NCDs followed at Fujian Provincial Hospital and Fujian Provincial Hospital South Branch. The metabolic indicators followed during January 1, 2020 and April 30, 2020, the peak period of the COVID-19 epidemic in China, were compared with the baseline value in the same period last year. Pared-samples T-test and Wilcoxon signed-rank test were performed to analyze the differences between paired data.ResultsThe follow-up total cholesterol was significantly increased than that of the baseline (4.73 (4.05, 5.46) mmol/L vs 4.71 (4.05, 5.43) mmol/L, p=0.019; n=3379). Similar results were observed in triglyceride (1.29 (0.91, 1.88) vs 1.25 (0.87, 1.81) mmol/L, p<0.001; n=3381), uric acid (330.0 (272.0, 397.0) vs 327.0 (271.0, 389.0) umol/L, p<0.001; n=3364), and glycosylated hemoglobin (6.50 (6.10, 7.30) vs 6.50 (6.10, 7.20) %, p=0.013; n=532). No significant difference was observed in low density lipoprotein, body mass index and blood pressure.ConclusionsMetabolic indicators associated with NCDs deteriorated in the COVID-19 outbreak. We should take action to prevent and control NCDs without delay.

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Efficiency of Barley Bran and Oat Bran in Ameliorating Blood Lipid Profile and the Adverse Histological Changes in Hypercholesterolemic Male Rats

BioMed Research International ◽

10.1155/2013/263594 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 2013 ◽

pp. 1-10 ◽

Cited By ~ 18

Author(s):

Haddad A. El Rabey ◽

Madeha N. Al-Seeni ◽

Hanan M. Amer

Keyword(s):

High Density Lipoprotein ◽

Lipid Profile ◽

Low Density Lipoprotein ◽

Density Lipoprotein ◽

Negative Control ◽

High Density ◽

Low Density ◽

Oat Bran ◽

Barley Bran ◽

Kidney Liver

The efficiency of oat bran and barley bran in lowering the induced hyperlipidemia and hypercholesterolemia in blood of male Albino rats (Rattus rattus) was studied. Twenty rats were divided into four groups each consisted of five rats and fed the specified test diets for eight weeks. The first group (G1) is the negative group which was fed basal diet, the second group (G2) was fed 1.0% cholesterol, was the third group (G3) fed 1.0% cholesterol and 10% oats bran, and the fourth group (G4) was fed 1.0% cholesterol and 10% barley bran. Feeding rats on 1% cholesterol significantly increased serum total cholesterol, low density lipoprotein, and very low density lipoprotein and triglyceride and decreased serum high density lipoprotein. Furthermore, enzyme activity of alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, and alkaline phosphatase was increased, and lipid peroxide was increased, whereas catalase and glutathione-S-transferase were decreased. Kidney functions parameters in the cholesterol supplemented group were elevated compared with the negative control. In addition, histological alteration in kidney, liver, heart, and testes was observed, compared with the negative control. Hypercholesterolemic rats supplemented with oat bran and barley bran showed significant decrease in lipid parameters, significant increase in high density lipoprotein-cholesterol, improved antioxidant enzyme, and improved histopathology of kidney, liver, heart, and testes. In conclusion, both oat bran and barley bran had protective effects against induced hyperlipidemia and improved histological alterations. Oat bran appeared more efficient than barley bran in lowering the lipid profile levels in hypercholesterolemic rats.

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Association Between the Lipid Profile and Renal Dysfunction in the Heart Failure Patients

Kidney & Blood Pressure Research ◽

10.1159/000498834 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 44 (1) ◽

pp. 52-61 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Hong Zhang ◽

Shuang Shi ◽

Xiu-Juan Zhao ◽

Jun-Kui Wang ◽

Zhong-Wei Liu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Heart Failure ◽

Waist Circumference ◽

Ejection Fraction ◽

Lipid Profile ◽

Renal Dysfunction ◽

Density Lipoprotein ◽

Lipoprotein Cholesterol ◽

Confounding Factors ◽

Heart Failure Patients ◽

Platelet Counts

Background/Aims: In heart failure patients with high prevalence of chronic renal disease (CKD), hospitalization and mortality, whether the lipid profile was associated with renal dysfunction remained unknown. The present study intended to clarify the association between the lipid profile and renal dysfunction in the heart failure patients. Methods: 336 hospitalized heart failure patients with left ventricle ejection fraction (LVEF) ≤45% and New York Heart Association (NYHA) class II-IV were enrolled. The estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) < 90 mL/min·1.73 m2 was defined as renal dysfunction. The demographic, clinical data, blood samples and echocardiography were documented. The Pearson simple linear correlation was performed to evaluate the confounding factors correlated with eGFR. The significantly correlated factors were enrolled in Logistic regression as confounding factors to determine the association between the lipid profile and renal dysfunction in the heart failure patients. Results: 182 patients (54.2%) had renal dysfunction and 154 patients (45.8%) did not have renal dysfunction. The waist circumference, platelet counts, platelet distribution width (PDW), high density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-C), apolipoprotein A1 (apoA1), albumin and left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) are positively correlated with eGFR (all P< 0.05). Meanwhile, the age, mean platelet volume (MPV), neutrophilic granulocyte percentage (NEUT%), urea nitrogen (BUN), creatinine and total bilirubin (TBIL) are negatively correlated with eGFR (all P< 0.05). The total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride, low density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-C) and apolipoprotein B (apoB) show no correlation with eGFR. After the adjustment of sex, hypertension, diabetes mellitus, age, waist circumference, platelet counts, MPV, PDW, NEUT%, TBIL, albumin and LVEF, HDL-C is the only lipid factor still significantly associated with renal dysfunction in hospitalized heart failure patients (OR=0.119, P=0.003). Conclusion: Among the lipid profile of TC, triglyceride, LDL-C, HDL-C, apo A1 and apo B, the HDL-C is the only lipid factor significantly associated with renal dysfunction in hospitalized heart failure patients.

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Pharmacological Intervention Using Reconstituted High-Density Lipoprotein Changes in the Lipid Profile in Spontaneously Hypersensitive Rats

Clinical and Experimental Hypertension ◽

10.3109/10641960903265196 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 32 (3) ◽

pp. 202-208

Author(s):

Satoshi Imaizumi ◽

Yoshihiro Kiya ◽

Shin-Ichiro Miura ◽

Bo Zhang ◽

Yoshino Matsuo ◽

...

Keyword(s):

High Density Lipoprotein ◽

Lipid Profile ◽

Density Lipoprotein ◽

High Density ◽

Pharmacological Intervention

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Provitamin A Cassava Hydrolysate with Lactobacillus rhamnosus Gg Improves Serum Lipid Profile in Wistar Rats

Current Developments in Nutrition ◽

10.1093/cdn/nzaa045_078 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 4 (Supplement_2) ◽

pp. 445-445

Author(s):

Modupeola Oguntoye ◽

Olufunke Ezekiel

Keyword(s):

Body Weight ◽

High Density Lipoprotein ◽

Lipid Profile ◽

Weight Management ◽

Serum Lipid ◽

Wistar Rats ◽

Lactobacillus Rhamnosus ◽

Density Lipoprotein ◽

Provitamin A ◽

Lactobacillus Rhamnosus Gg

Abstract Objectives There is considerable interest in the development of high quality food products and dietary supplements that help in weight management. Drug intervention could have a negative side effect. Consumption of probiotics such as Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG cells through food products could offer a positive approach to weight management. Thus, probiotic beverages could serve as a healthy alternative in weight management. The objective of this study is to determine the effect of probiotic beverage such as provitamin A cassava hydrolysate carrying Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG in weight management. Methods Provitamin A cassava hydrolysate was inoculated with free (PHF) or alginate-encapsulated (PHE) Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG (LGG) cells in doses 1, 2 or 4 × 1010 CFU/ml, and administered orally to adult Wistar rats (120–150 g, n = 40 males, 8 groups). All rats were dosed orally once daily for 4 weeks, recording weekly body weight changes as percentage change, and compared against Control (distilled water). Serum lipid profile (total cholesterol, triglycerides and high density lipoprotein) were determined after sacrificing the rats. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and ANOVA at α0.05. Results The body weight gain in control rats was significantly higher (α0.05) by the end of the 4th week (40.00%) than PHF or PHE groups at doses 1, 2 or 4 × 1010 CFU/ml (34.59, 24.38 and 8.04%, or 30.34, 23.49 and 18.24% respectively) which reduced with increasing doses. Total cholesterol, triglycerides and high density lipoprotein were higher in control rats (65.40, 56.60 and 29.48 mg/dL respectively) than in PHF or PHE groups at dose 4 × 1010 CFU/ml (54.60, 44.40 and 27.48 mg/dL, and 62.40, 46.60 and 23.12 mg/dL respectively). Conclusions Provitamin A cassava hydrolysate with L. rhamnosus GG was able to induce a transient weight reduction in rats, owing to its potential in reducing serum cholesterol and exerting anti-obesity effect. Thus it could be consumed as a beverage targeting weight management. Funding Sources Self.

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