scholarly journals Time-restricted feeding regulates circadian rhythm of murine uterine clock

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Takashi Hosono ◽  
Masanori Ono ◽  
Takiko Daikoku ◽  
Michihiro Mieda ◽  
Satoshi Nomura ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Circadian Rhythm ◽  
Circadian Rhythms ◽  
Protein Expression ◽  
Western Blot ◽  
Active Phase ◽  
Active Period ◽  
Restricted Feeding ◽  
Group Iii ◽  
Breakfast Skipping ◽  
Group I

Abstract Background Skipping breakfast is associated with dysmenorrhea in young women. This suggests that the delay of food intake in the active phase impairs uterine functions by interfering with circadian rhythms. Objective To examine the relationship between the delay of feeding and uterine circadian rhythms, we investigated the effects of the first meal occasion in the active phase on the uterine clock. Methods Zeitgeber time (ZT) was defined as ZT 0 (8:45) with lights on and ZT 12 (20:45) with lights off. Young female mice (8 weeks of age) were divided into 3 groups: group I (ad-libitum feeding), group II (time-restricted feeding during ZT12–16, initial 4 hours of the active period), and group III (time-restricted feeding during ZT20–24, last 4 hours of the active period, a breakfast-skipping model). After two weeks of dietary restriction, mice in each group were sacrificed at 4-hour intervals and the expression profiles of uterine clock genes, Bmal1, Per1, Per2, and Cry1, were examined. Results qPCR and Western blot analyses demonstrated synchronized circadian clock gene expression within the uterus. Immunohistochemical analysis confirmed that Bmal1 protein expression was synchronized among the endometrium and myometrium. In groups I and II, mRNA expression of Bmal1 was elevated after ZT12 at the start of the active phase. In contrast, Bmal1 expression was elevated just after ZT20 in group III, showing that the uterine clock rhythm had shifted 8 hours backward. The changes in Bmal1 protein expression were confirmed by Western blot analysis. Conclusion This study is the first to indicate that time-restricted feeding regulates a circadian rhythm of the uterine clock that is synchronized throughout the uterine body. These findings suggest that the uterine clock system is a new candidate to explain the etiology of breakfast skipping-induced uterine dysfunction.

scholarly journals Effect of maternal BMI on labor outcomes in primigravida pregnant women

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Eissa Khalifa ◽  
Alaa El-Sateh ◽  
Mohamed Zeeneldin ◽  
Ahmed M. Abdelghany ◽  
Mahmoud Hosni ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Active Phase ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Group Iii ◽  
Second Stage Of Labor ◽  
Group I ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Group Ii ◽  
Labor Outcomes

Abstract Background This study aims to detect the effects of increased BMI on labor outcomes in primigravida pregnant women. Methods A cross-sectional study involved 600 full-term singleton primigravida pregnant women who presented in the active phase of labor to the labor ward. They were divided according to BMI into three equals groups; women with normal BMI (group I), overweight women (group II), and women with class I obesity (group III). Results We found that high BMI was associated with a significantly increased risk of Caesarean section (C.S.) (13% in group I, 18% in group II and 40% in group III). Women with higher BMI and delivered vaginally had a significantly prolonged first and second stage of labor, consequently increased the need for oxytocin augmentation as well as the oxytocin dose. Regarding the maternal and fetal outcomes, there are significantly increased risks of postpartum sepsis, perineal tears, wound infection, as well as significantly increased birth weight and longer neonatal stay in the neonatal unit (NNU). Conclusion Obese primigravida pregnant women were at higher risk of suboptimal outcomes. Besides, prolonged first and second stages of labor and the incidence of C.S. have also been increased.

scholarly journals Prophylactic and Curative Assessment of Essentiale Forte® On Carbon Tetrachloride-Induced Liver Damage in Wistar Rats

2014 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 408-414 ◽  
Author(s):  
Olaoluwa S Olukiran ◽  
Rufus O Akomolafe ◽  
Kayode O Bamitale ◽  
Akande O Ajayi ◽  
Raphael E Okonji ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Tetrachloride ◽  
Liver Damage ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Recovery Period ◽  
Total Bilirubin Level ◽  
Group Iv ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Active Period ◽  
Group Iii ◽  
Group I

AIM: This study was to assess the prophylactic and curative effects of Essentiale forte (ESF) on carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) induced liver damage in Wistar rats.MATERIALS AND METHODS: Twenty-four adult Wistar rats were randomly divided into four groups of six rats each. Group I (control group) received 0.3 ml/kg/day of propylene glycol for one month; group II (toxic control) was given 0.7 ml/kg/day of CCl4 dissolved in olive oil (1:1,v/v) orally for 7 days; group III (prophylactic group) received 4.3 mg/kg/day of ESF for one month followed by CCl4 for one week; group IV (curative group) was treated with CCl4 for one week and subsequently received ESF (4.3 mg/kg/day) for one month. Half of the rats were sacrificed at active period, the other half after a 2-week recovery period.RESULTS: The activities of serum AST, ALT, ALP, total bilirubin level were significantly higher, total protein and GSH levels were significantly reduced in the toxic control group compared to the control group. Group III had significantly higher AST and ALT activities compared to the control rats at active period, whereas after the recovery period no significant differences were observed in almost all the parameters. Moreover, no significant differences in the parameters mentioned above were observed in group IV compared to the control rats at active and recovery period.CONCLUSION: The results of this study showed that Essential forte was better as a curative agent rather than a prophylactic agent in rats.

Circadian rhythms of rabbits during restrictive feeding

1987 ◽  
Vol 253 (1) ◽  
pp. R46-R54 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Jilge ◽  
H. Hornicke ◽  
H. Stahle
Keyword(s):  
Circadian Rhythm ◽  
Locomotor Activity ◽  
Circadian Rhythms ◽  
Food Access ◽  
Feeding Time ◽  
Restricted Feeding ◽  
Small Component ◽  
Physiological Functions ◽  
System A ◽  
Free Running

Without a zeitgeber the circadian rhythms of five physiological functions free-ran with a period length greater than 24 h. Restricted feeding time (RF) masked the free-running rhythms. In addition to masking, entrainment with RF occurred. This process was most evident in locomotor activity and visits to the food box. RF thus had zeitgeber properties in these rabbits. However, in most rabbits the RF zeitgeber was not strong enough to entrain the circadian rhythm completely. A small component free-ran during RF. Following return to continuous food access the whole circadian rhythm resumed to free-run again. In some animals its phase was determined by the RF zeitgeber and in others by the small free-running fraction present during RF. The results suggest that in addition to the light-dark-entrainable circadian oscillator system a feeding-entrainable oscillator exists that takes over phase control of the majority of the rhythm during RF.

scholarly journals Expression of MMP-2, MMP-9, and NGAL in Tissue and Serum of Patients with Vascular Aneurysms and Their Modulation by Statin Treatment: A Pilot Study

Biomolecules ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 359 ◽  
Author(s):  
Erika Cione ◽  
Elena Piegari ◽  
Giuseppe Gallelli ◽  
Maria Cristina Caroleo ◽  
Elena Lamirata ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Western Blot ◽  
Vascular Wall ◽  
Statin Treatment ◽  
Elisa Test ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Group Iii ◽  
Neutrophil Gelatinase Associated Lipocalin ◽  
Group I ◽  
Group Ii ◽  
Neutrophil Gelatinase

Background: Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) are involved in vascular wall degradation, and drugs able to modulate MMP activity can be used to prevent or treat aneurysmal disease. In this study, we evaluated the effects of statins on MMP-2, MMP-9, and neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL) in both plasma and tissue in patients with aneurysmal disease. Methods: We performed a prospective, single-blind, multicenter, control group clinical drug trial on 184 patients of both sexes >18 years old with a diagnosis of arterial aneurysmal disease. Enrolled patients were divided into two groups: Group I under statin treatment and Group II not taking statins. In addition, 122 patients without aneurysmal disease and under statin treatment were enrolled as a control group (Group III). The expression of MMPs and NGAL in plasma was evaluated using ELISA, while their expression in endothelial tissues was evaluated using Western blot. Results: The ELISA test revealed greater plasma levels (p < 0.01) of MMPs and NGAL in Groups I and II vs. Group III. Western blot analysis showed higher expression (p < 0.01) of MMPs and NGAL in Group II vs. Group I, and this increase was significantly higher (p < 0.01) in patients treated with low potency statins compared to high potency ones. Conclusions: MMPs and NGAL seem to play a major role in the development of aneurysms, and their modulation by statins suggests that these drugs could be used to prevent arterial aneurysmal disease.

scholarly journals Time-restricted feeding protects the blood pressure circadian rhythm in diabetic mice

2021 ◽  
Vol 118 (25) ◽  
pp. e2015873118
Author(s):  
Tianfei Hou ◽  
Wen Su ◽  
Marilyn J. Duncan ◽  
Vsevolozhskaya A. Olga ◽  
Zhenheng Guo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Circadian Rhythm ◽  
Food Intake ◽  
Active Phase ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Chow Diet ◽  
Dark Phase ◽  
Restricted Feeding ◽  
Normal Chow

The quantity and quality of food intake have been considered crucial for peoples' wellness. Only recently has it become appreciated that the timing of food intake is also critical. Nondipping blood pressure (BP) is prevalent in diabetic patients and is associated with increased cardiovascular events. However, the causes and mechanisms of nondipping BP in diabetes are not fully understood. Here, we report that food intake and BP were arrhythmic in diabetic db/db mice fed a normal chow diet ad libitum. Imposing a food intake diurnal rhythm by time-restricted feeding (TRF; food was only available for 8 h during the active phase) prevented db/db mice from developing nondipping BP and effectively restored the already disrupted BP circadian rhythm in db/db mice. Interestingly, increasing the time of food availability from 8 h to 12 h during the active dark phase in db/db mice prompted isocaloric feeding and still provided robust protection of the BP circadian rhythm in db/db mice. In contrast, neither 8-h nor 12-h TRF affected BP dipping in wild-type mice. Mechanistically, we demonstrate that TRF protects the BP circadian rhythm in db/db mice via suppressing the sympathetic activity during the light phase when they are inactive and fasting. Collectively, these data reveal a potentially pivotal role of the timing of food intake in the prevention and treatment of nondipping BP in diabetes.

scholarly journals Tetrandrine Ameliorates Myocardial Ischemia Reperfusion Injury through miR-202-5p/TRPV2

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-16
Author(s):  
Wei Zhao ◽  
Youyang Wu ◽  
Fanhao Ye ◽  
Shiwei Huang ◽  
Hao Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Myocardial Infarction ◽  
Myocardial Ischemia ◽  
Protein Expression ◽  
Western Blot ◽  
Ischemia Reperfusion ◽  
Cardiomyocyte Apoptosis ◽  
H9c2 Cells ◽  
Group I ◽  
Myocardial Ischemia Reperfusion ◽  
Myocardial Infarction Size

Objective. This study is aimed at investigating the therapeutic effects of tetrandrine (Tet) on myocardial ischemia reperfusion (I/R) injury and probe into underlying molecular mechanism. Methods. H9C2 cells were divided into hypoxia/oxygenation (H/R) group, H/R+Tet group, H/R+Tet+negative control (NC) group, and H/R+Tet+miR-202-5p inhibitor group. RT-qPCR was utilized to monitor miR-202-5p and TRPV2 expression, and TRPV2 protein expression was detected via western blot and immunohistochemistry in H9C2 cells. Cardiomyocyte apoptosis was evaluated through detection of apoptosis-related markers and flow cytometry. Furthermore, myocardial enzyme levels were detected by ELISA. Rats were randomly separated into sham operation group, I/R group, I/R+Tet group (50 mg/kg), I/R+Tet+NC group, and I/R+Tet+miR-202-5p inhibitor group. miR-202-5p and TRPV2 mRNA expression was assessed by RT-qPCR. TRPV2 protein expression was detected through western blot and immunohistochemistry in myocardial tissues. Apoptotic levels were assessed via apoptosis-related proteins and TUNEL. Pathological changes were observed by H&E staining. Myocardial infarction size was examined by Evans blue-TCC staining. Results. Abnormally expressed miR-202-5p as well as TRPV2 was found in H/R H9C2 cells and myocardial tissues of I/R rats, which was ameliorated following Tet treatment. Tet treatment significantly suppressed H/R- or I/R-induced cardiomyocyte apoptosis. ELISA results showed that CK-MB and LDH levels were lowered by Tet treatment in H/R H9C2 cells and serum of I/R rats. H&E staining indicated that Tet reduced myocardial injury in I/R rats. Also, myocardial infarction size was lowered by Tet treatment. The treatment effects of Tet were altered following cotreatment with miR-202-5p inhibitor. Conclusion. Our findings revealed that Tet may ameliorate myocardial I/R damage via targeting the miR-202-5p/TRPV2 axis.

Chemopreventive activity of Hydroethanolic Murraya koenigii leaves extract (HEMKLE) against chemically induced skin carcinogenesis in mice

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-15
Author(s):  
Sarvnarinder Kaur ◽  
Shilpa Dogra ◽  
Shilpa Sadwal ◽  
Aniqa Aniqa
Keyword(s):  
Protein Expression ◽  
Tumor Burden ◽  
Group Iv ◽  
Skin Carcinogenesis ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Murraya Koenigii ◽  
Group Iii ◽  
Group I ◽  
Mrna And Protein Expression ◽  
Group Ii

Abstract. The present study aimed to examine the chemoprotective effect of Hydroethanolic  Murraya koenigii leaves extract (HEMKLE) on murine skin carcinogenesis model. For the study, male LACA mice divided into four groups (n = 15 per group). Group I (Control), Group II (DMBA/TPA), Group III (HEMKLE), and Group IV (HEMKLE + DMBA/TPA). Skin tumors were induced in Group II (DMBA/TPA) and Group IV (HEMKLE + DMBA/TPA) by topical application of 7, 12 dimethylbenz[a]anthracene (DMBA) [500 nmol/100 μL of acetone, twice a week for two weeks] and 12-O-tetradecanoyl phorbol-13-acetate (TPA) [1.7 nmol/100 μL of acetone, twice a week for eighteen weeks] and HEMKLE (200 mg/kg b. w.) was administered orally (instilled by oral gavage). The chemoprotective response of HEMKLE was evident by inhibition in tumor incidence, mean tumor volume, mean tumor burden, total number of tumors, and tumor size in Group IV (HEMKLE + DMBA/TPA) when compared to Group II (DMBA/TPA). HEMKLE administration also decreased the reactive oxygen species (ROS) and lipid peroxidation (LPO) levels and increased the antioxidants enzyme activities in Group IV (HEMKLE + DMBA/TPA) when compared to Group II (DMBA/TPA) that suggests its antioxidant potential. HEMKLE administration also increased the mRNA and protein expression of caspase-9 and caspase-3 and decreased the mRNA and protein expression of Bcl-2 in Group IV (HEMKLE + DMBA/TPA) when compared to Group II (DMBA/TPA) that suggest its apoptosis-inducing effect on DMBA/TPA induced skin carcinogenesis.

scholarly journals The Role of Partograph in the Outcome of Spontaneous Labor

2014 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 52-57 ◽  
Author(s):  
U Sanyal ◽  
S Goswami ◽  
P Mukhopadhyay
Keyword(s):  
Active Phase ◽  
Singleton Pregnancy ◽  
Group Iii ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Group I ◽  
Group Ii ◽  
One Year ◽  
Labour Room ◽  
The Right

Aims: The objective of the paper is to study the role of partogram in the outcome of spontaneous labour in primigravidae at term with singleton pregnancy and vertex as the presenting part. Methods: This prospective observational study was carried out in the labour room of the department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics of Medical College & Hospital, Kolkata, over a period of one year i.e. from June 2011 to May 2012 after obtaining approval from the institutional ethical committee. Analysis of the progress of labour was done in five hundred women with the help of modified WHO partograph. The study population was divided into three groups. Group I had a total observed duration of active stage six hours or less and their cervicograph remained on or to the left of the alert line. Group II had total observed duration of active phase between more than six hours and less than ten hours and their cervicograph remained between the alert and action line. Group III, who had the duration of observed active phase more than 10 hours, had their cervicograph crossing the action line. The different types of abnormal labor were studied. The maternal and fetal outcomes were assessed. Results: 80.8% of the women belonged to group I, 15.2% to group II and 4% to group III. Surgical interference increased as the labour curve moved to the right of the alert line. Use of partogram helped in overall reduction in the duration of labour. Timely intervention reduced the incidence of prolonged labour and its sequelae. 19.2% of the women showed abnormal labour . Severe complications were successfully averted. There were no cases of maternal death, puerperal sepsis, ruptured uterus or fresh still births. Overall neonatal mortality rate was also reduced. Conclusions: The use of modified WHO partograph significantly improves the outcome of labour in both maternal & neonatal perspective. The WHO partograph should be used in all maternity units with incorporated management guidelines. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/njog.v9i1.11189 NJOG 2014 Jan-Jun; 2(1):52-57

Ultrastructural Lesions Produced by Alcohol and Sucrose in the Heart and Liver of C57BL Mice

1970 ◽  
Vol 28 ◽  
pp. 208-209
Author(s):  
K.K. SEKHRI ◽  
C.S. ALEXANDER ◽  
H.T. NAGASAWA
Keyword(s):  
Osmium Tetroxide ◽  
Male Mice ◽  
Alcohol Group ◽  
Group Iii ◽  
Group I ◽  
C57bl Mice ◽  
Group Ii

C57BL male mice (Jackson Lab., Bar Harbor, Maine) weighing about 18 gms were randomly divided into three groups: group I was fed sweetened liquid alcohol diet (modified Schenkl) in which 36% of the calories were derived from alcohol; group II was maintained on a similar diet but alcohol was isocalorically substituted by sucrose; group III was fed regular mouse chow ad lib for five months. Liver and heart tissues were fixed in 2.5% cacodylate buffered glutaraldehyde, post-fixed in 2% osmium tetroxide and embedded in Epon-araldite.

The Quantitative Ultrastructure of the Heart Muscle of Japanese Quail by Hypergravitation, Hypodynamy and Combination

1990 ◽  
Vol 48 (3) ◽  
pp. 188-189
Author(s):  
Anton Bózner ◽  
Mikuláš Gažo ◽  
Jozef Dostál
Keyword(s):  
Japanese Quail ◽  
Heart Muscle ◽  
Relative Size ◽  
Combination Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Group V ◽  
Group Iii ◽  
Space Flights ◽  
Group I ◽  
Quantitative Ultrastructure

It is anticipated that Japanese quail /Coturnix coturnix japonica/ will provide animal proteins in long term space flights. Consequently this species of birds is of research interest of international space program INTERCOSMOS. In the year 1987 we reported on an experiment /2/ in which the effect of chronic acceleration of 2 G hypergravitation, the hypodynamy and the simultaneous effect of chronic acceleration and the location in the centre of the turntable of the centrifuge on the protein fractions in skeletal muscles was studied. The ultrastructure of the heart muscle was now in this experiments examined as well.Japanese quail cockerels, aged 48 days were exposed to 2 G hypergravitation /group IV/ in a 6,4 m diameter centrifuge, to hypodynamy /group III/ and their combination /group V/, respectively for 6 days / Fig.1/. The hypodynamy in group III was achieved by suspending the birds in jackets without contact the floor. The group II was located in the centre ofthe turntable of the centrifuge. The control group I. was kept under normal conditions. The quantitative ultrastructure of myocard was evaluated by the methods of Weibel/3/ - this enables to determine the number, relative size and volume of mitochondria volume of single mitochondria, defficiency of mitochondrial cristae and volume of myofibrils.

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