scholarly journals Association of Recommended Food Score with Depression, Anxiety and Quality of Life in Korean Adult (P16-018-19)

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hyesook Kim ◽  
Jo-Eun Lee ◽  
Saejong Park ◽  
You Jin Kim ◽  
Oran Kwon
Keyword(s):  
Diet Quality ◽  
Technology Development ◽  
Development Program ◽  
Science Research ◽  
World Health ◽  
Future Planning ◽  
Women Subjects ◽  
Funding Sources ◽  
Korean Adult ◽  
Health Organization

Abstract Objectives This study hypothesized that a higher diet quality score is associated with a lower observance of symptoms of depression and anxiety and a higher QoL. Methods This study Evaluated 1295 adults (521 men; 774 women) aged 19–64 years, who participated in the 2014–2015 National Fitness Award Project. Diet quality was measured by the recommended food score (RFS), and mental health and QoL were assessed by the Beck depression inventory (BDI), Beck anxiety inventory (BAI), and the World Health Organization QoL–Brief (WHOQoL–BREF). Results After adjusting for covariates, the individuals with depression had a significantly lower RFS value compared to those without depression, and the good QoL group had a higher RFS value than the poor QoL group. These trends occurred in both men and women. Subjects in the highest tertile of RFS showed a lower odds of depression (OR = 0.44, 95% CI = 0.29–0.68, P-trend = 0.0002) and poor QoL (OR = 0.35, 95% CI = 0.26–0.47, P-trend <0.0001) than those in the lowest tertile. There was no association of the RFS with anxiety. Conclusions Our data suggest that improved diet quality is associated with lower ing depressive symptoms and a better QoL in Korean adults. Funding Sources This study was supported by the Bio & Medical Technology Development Program funded by the Ministry of Science & ICT (2012M3A9C4048761) and Future Planning through the National Research Foundation (NRF) and Basic Science Research Program (NRF-2018R1C1B4A01023629) funded by the Ministry of Science, ICT, and Future Planning, Republic of Korea.

scholarly journals From “Nurturing” to “Indecent”: Discomfort Towards Photographs of Breastfeeding Among Adults in Nova Scotia, Canada

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. 1099-1099
Author(s):  
Kyly Whitfield ◽  
Kathleen Chan
Keyword(s):  
Nova Scotia ◽  
Social Stigma ◽  
The United States ◽  
World Health ◽  
Older Children ◽  
Major Barrier ◽  
Funding Sources ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
Public Breastfeeding ◽  
Child Age

Abstract Objectives Although the World Health Organization recommends continued breastfeeding for 2 years and beyond, adherence rates are low in Canada and the United States. One major barrier to following this recommendation is an unsupportive culture and social stigma around breastfeeding. Our objective was to assess attitudes towards photographs of breastfeeding children of varying ages and locations among the general population in Nova Scotia, Canada. Methods In a self-administered questionnaire, participants recruited in public spaces were asked to react to six photographs depicting women breastfeeding children aged 2 weeks, 13 months and 30 months in both private (e.g., home) and public (e.g., store) locations. Participants self-rated their comfort levels using a visual analog scale (VAS; scale from 0 [not at all comfortable] to 10 [very comfortable]), and also provided open-ended qualitative reactions to the images. Sociodemographic information was also collected. Results We surveyed 229 participants (60% women, 40% men). Mean age was 44 years (range 19–95 years), 73% self-identified as white, and 77% were born in Canada. The majority of participants were parents (69%), and 69% of parents reported that their children were breastfed. Mean (95% CI) self-rated comfort differed significantly by location and child age. VAS scores indicated higher comfort for images in private locations (7.9, 7.7–8.1) compared to public locations (7.3, 7.0–7.5; P = 0.001), and for images of younger (8.5, 8.3–8.7) compared to older children (6.9, 6.6–7.2; P &lt; 0.001). Women and parents had higher comfort with all images compared to men and non-parents (P &lt; 0.05). Younger participants (19–29 years) were less comfortable with images of public breastfeeding compared to older participants (P &lt; 0.05). Text-based reactions suggest lower approval of images of public breastfeeding and increased child age, but varied highly, including comments from “nurturing” to “indecent”. Conclusions Comfort and acceptance of breastfeeding among adults in Nova Scotia is influenced by location and child age. Negative perceptions of public breastfeeding and continued breastfeeding into young childhood may affect adherence to global breastfeeding recommendations. Funding Sources Mount Saint Vincent University New Scholars Grant, CN Student Research Internship.

The Anthropologist as AIDS Activist

1993 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 24-26 ◽  
Author(s):  
Iris Kalka
Keyword(s):  
Public Relations ◽  
Voluntary Associations ◽  
Voluntary Association ◽  
World Health ◽  
Active Member ◽  
Personal Involvement ◽  
Funding Sources ◽  
Aids Activism ◽  
Grant Proposals ◽  
Health Organization

By recounting my personal involvement with AIDS activism in Israel, I wish to highlight certain issues regarding the fight against AIDS in this country. As an active member of one voluntary association, my contribution was only indirectly related to anthropology. I promoted the association's cause, adding academic argumentation and complementing the work of other activists. I wrote grant proposals and applied for resources from funding sources such as the World Health Organization and voluntary associations abroad. In addition, I was used as a public relations figure, for reasons which I shall soon spell out. While my work in the association was not explicitly anthropological, my background in anthropology helped me understand the problems faced by AIDS activists in Israel and propose strategies for alleviating those problems.

scholarly journals Update on novel hormonal and non-hormonal male contraceptive development

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jill E Long ◽  
Min S Lee ◽  
Diana L Blithe
Keyword(s):  
Single Agent ◽  
Development Program ◽  
World Health ◽  
Male Contraception ◽  
Efficacy Trial ◽  
Stages Of Development ◽  
Male Contraceptive ◽  
New Methods ◽  
Contraceptive Agents ◽  
Health Organization

Abstract Background The advent of new methods of male contraception would increase contraceptive options for men and women and advance male contraceptive agency. Pharmaceutical R&D for male contraception has been dormant since the 1990’s. The Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD) has supported a contraceptive development program since 1969 and supports most ongoing hormonal male contraceptive development. Non-hormonal methods are in earlier stages of development. Content Several hormonal male contraceptive agents have entered clinical trials. Novel single agent products being evaluated include Dimethandrolone Undecanoate (DMAU), 11β-methyl-nortestosterone dodecylcarbonate (11β-MNTDC), and 7α-methyl-19-nortestosterone (MENT). A contraceptive efficacy trial of Nestorone® (NES)/testosterone (T) gel is underway. Potential non-hormonal methods are at preclinical stages of development. Many non-hormonal male contraceptive targets that affect sperm production, sperm function, or sperm transport have been identified. Summary NICHD supports development of reversible male contraceptive agents. Other organizations such as the World Health Organization, the Population Council, and The Male Contraception Initiative are pursuing male contraceptive development, but industry involvement remains limited.

scholarly journals Diagnosis and treatment of primary myelodysplastic syndromes in adults: recommendations from the European LeukemiaNet

Blood ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 122 (17) ◽  
pp. 2943-2964 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luca Malcovati ◽  
Eva Hellström-Lindberg ◽  
David Bowen ◽  
Lionel Adès ◽  
Jaroslav Cermak ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Performance Status ◽  
Development Program ◽  
Poor Performance ◽  
World Health ◽  
Individual Risk ◽  
Poor Performance Status ◽  
Level Of Evidence ◽  
Related Factors ◽  
Health Organization

Abstract Within the myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) work package of the European LeukemiaNet, an Expert Panel was selected according to the framework elements of the National Institutes of Health Consensus Development Program. A systematic review of the literature was performed that included indexed original papers, indexed reviews and educational papers, and abstracts of conference proceedings. Guidelines were developed on the basis of a list of patient- and therapy-oriented questions, and recommendations were formulated and ranked according to the supporting level of evidence. MDSs should be classified according to the 2008 World Health Organization criteria. An accurate risk assessment requires the evaluation of not only disease-related factors but also of those related to extrahematologic comorbidity. The assessment of individual risk enables the identification of fit patients with a poor prognosis who are candidates for up-front intensive treatments, primarily allogeneic stem cell transplantation. A high proportion of MDS patients are not eligible for potentially curative treatment because of advanced age and/or clinically relevant comorbidities and poor performance status. In these patients, the therapeutic intervention is aimed at preventing cytopenia-related morbidity and preserving quality of life. A number of new agents are being developed for which the available evidence is not sufficient to recommend routine use. The inclusion of patients into prospective clinical trials is strongly recommended.

scholarly journals Efficacy of Kids Save Lives program on students knowledge on the subject of automatic external defibrillators

EP Europace ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 23 (Supplement_3) ◽  
Author(s):  
C Parisis ◽  
A Bouletis ◽  
K Chatzidimitriou ◽  
D Palla ◽  
P Makri ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
World Health Organization ◽  
World Health ◽  
Theoretical Knowledge ◽  
School Students ◽  
Funding Sources ◽  
Before And After ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Times ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
Funding Acknowledgements

Abstract Funding Acknowledgements Type of funding sources: None. Background Sudden cardiac death is one of the main issues worldwide, with more than 700.000 deaths annually. It is strongly believed that the implementation of "Kids Save Lives" project in schools can change this situation. The World Health Organization endorsed the ‘Kids Save Lives’ project in 2015 in order to reduce mortality. On the other hand the use of automatic external defibrillators (AED) is associated with higher survival rate after a cardiac arrest. Purpose Τo evaluate the level and the improvement of theoretical knowledge of secondary school students on the subject of AEDs  before and after the "Kids Save Lives" respectively. Material – Method: Data collection took place on the academic periods of 2017-2018 and 2018-2019 and was performed in secondary schools. A total of 5562 students participated on the "Kids save Lives" program according to the European Resuscitation Council (ERC) and World Health Organization (WHO) statement. A 12 point questionnaire was answered by the students before and after the "kids saves lives" program. Among other questions, there was one which investigate the knowledge of students in the usage of AEDs and another one asked students to refer a place, where somebody can find an AED. Results The training improves significantly the theoretical knowledge regarding the usage of AEDs, with the percentage of correct answers being 49 % and 85,9%, before and after the  course respectively (p &lt; 0.001).  Moreover, only 19,8% of the students knew a place, where somebody can find an AED before  the course and 77,2% after the course (p &lt; 0,001) Conclusions The overall results strongly depict the benefits of "Kids Save Lives" program by improving the theoretical knowledge on the subject of AEDs. Further research is needed to identify the times a student must follow the program to maximize its effectiveness and more action must take place in order to make students familiar with AEDs.

Use of chatbots during the coronavirus pandemic: A scoping review and case study (Preprint)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Erlyn Rachelle King Macarayan ◽  
Justin Vincent Tan
Keyword(s):  
Emergency Preparedness ◽  
Data Privacy ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Population Surveillance ◽  
Ease Of Use ◽  
World Health ◽  
Contact Tracing ◽  
Pandemic Preparedness ◽  
Funding Sources ◽  
Health Organization

BACKGROUND Digital technologies such as chatbots have been widely used during the pandemic. However, the use of such technologies has both benefits and risks. OBJECTIVE An updated review of COVID-19 chatbots is needed to determine how such technologies can be used to provide maximum health benefits, especially during a pandemic METHODS In this study, we reviewed the literature on the use of chatbots during the COVID-19 pandemic, and identifies any issues and gaps in the literature, so the results can inform future scholars on chatbot and emergency response design and evaluation. RESULTS : The results indicate that chatbots have been widely used at both small and national levels across countries. Known uses of chatbots during the pandemic were in population surveillance, case identification, contact tracing, disease management, and general public communication. Although chatbots have offered ease of use and scalability, concerns have been raised, particularly about how chatbots will ensure data privacy and cybersecurity, bias due to limited user representation, and the risks of misinformation. Thus, we highlight both the benefits and risks of chatbots that provide COVID-related information. We found that chatbots offer speed, scalability, accessibility, personalization, and quickness support for self-care while also reducing hospital load and stigma. Despite these benefits, chatbots have some risks and issues to address, including issues pertaining to the actual effectiveness of chatbots, data privacy, cybersecurity, safety risks, and misinformation. There is also a need for a solid infrastructure, guidance, and representative user groups and engagement. Beyond outlining the key benefits and risks of using chatbots during the COVID-19 pandemic, we also highlighted the best practices from the literature and strategies recommended by the World Health Organization (WHO) and other international organizations to address the key issues in the use of chatbots for pandemic preparedness and response. We also determined the different chatbot strategies used by the WHO to address COVID-19 that are critical in guiding future pandemic preparedness and response efforts worldwide. We found specific use cases showing how interfaces across various sectors, as well as support from different funding sources, are critical to reaching and engaging additional chatbot users and ensuring high chatbot quality. CONCLUSIONS Health systems in the future will likely become digital. Additional guidelines and research must be done in the evaluation and use of new technologies, such as chatbots, in emergency preparedness and response. Collaborations across multiple actors are needed to the ensure efficiency and effectiveness of the use of chatbots in the healthcare system.

scholarly journals The Effect of 12-weeks of Daily Iron Supplementation on Non-transferrin Bound Iron Concentrations in Women with a High Prevalence of Hemoglobinopathies (P10-113-19)

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Shannon Steele ◽  
Crystal Karakochuk ◽  
Hou Kroeun
Keyword(s):  
Ferrous Sulfate ◽  
Iron Supplementation ◽  
Venous Blood ◽  
Transferrin Saturation ◽  
Elevated Serum ◽  
World Health ◽  
Elemental Iron ◽  
Funding Sources ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Health Organization

Abstract Objectives Our aim was to assess serum NTBI concentrations in non-pregnant Cambodian women who received daily iron supplements (60 mg elemental iron as ferrous sulfate) in accordance with the 2016 global World Health Organization (WHO) guidelines. Methods Serum NTBI concentration was measured with the use of the FeROS™ eLPI assay (Afferix Ltd., Israel) in fasting venous blood samples collected during a 2015 supplementation trial among predominantly anemic Cambodian women (18–45 years). Samples were randomly selected from sub-groups of women who received 60 mg daily elemental iron as ferrous sulfate (n = 50) or a placebo (n = 50) for 12-weeks. Results Overall, n = 17/100 (17%) of women had an elevated serum NTBI concentration (≥0.1 μmol/L) at 12-weeks; n = 9 in the Fe group and n = 8 in the placebo group. Of the n = 100 women, a total of 82% of the women were iron-replete (n = 82/100, inflammation-adjusted ferritin >15 µg/L) and 67% (n = 67/100) had some form of a hemoglobinopathy (namely, Hb E variants or α-thalassemia). Elevated serum NTBI concentration was not associated with age, iron supplementation, transferrin saturation or severe hemoglobinopathies (P >0.05). Conclusions In this population of Cambodian women with a high prevalence of hemoglobinopathies, we found that daily iron supplementation was not associated with elevated serum NTBI concentrations at 12-weeks, as compared to placebo. Funding Sources International Life Sciences Institute (ILSI) North America.

scholarly journals Investigation of Some Elements and Cyanide Content of the Cassava Specie (Accra) Cultivated in Ekowe, Bayelsa State, Nigeria (P10-044-19)

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Chiemeziem Njoku
Keyword(s):  
World Health Organization ◽  
Nutrient Content ◽  
Mineral Elements ◽  
Toxic Chemicals ◽  
World Health ◽  
Funding Sources ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The World ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
Iron And Calcium

Abstract Objectives Cassava carbohydrate has become an important source of energy, as it is a staple food for many of the 374 ethnic groups in Nigeria. Little is known of the variety grown and consumed in Ekowe community, Bayelsa State; as such specie “Accra” which is thought to belong to the variety of sweet cassava (manihot palmata). We will determine the processing effects and evaluate the nutrient and anti nutritional/toxic content of the various segments (epicarp, endocarp, mesocarp and the fermented pulp) of the cassava specie. Methods The researcher used atomic absorption spectrophotometric and alkaline picrate methods for the elemental and cyanide analysis respectively. Results The minerals; Magnesium (Mg), Calcium (Ca), and Iron(Fe), levels were low in all segments, and on the other the toxic chemicals components such as Lead (Pb), Cadmium (Cd) and Cyanide (CN) content levels of the cassava segments were within the consumption level, recommended by the world health organization. There is no significant difference in the means at P < 0.05. Expectedly, the processing of the cassava pulp (endocarp) by fermentation appeared to lower the toxic levels of the samples. The mineral and chemical concentrations of the various segments in ppm are as follows: EPICARP: Mg 0.23 ± 0.00a; Ca 7.56 ± 0.06a; Fe 0.12 ± 0.01a; Pb 0.48 ± 0.01a and Cd 0.00 ± 0.00 ENDOCARP: Mg 0.24 ± 0.00a; Ca 6.98 ± 0.01a; Fe 0.09 ± 0.01a; Pb 0.00 ± 0.00 and Cd 0.00 ± 0.00 MESOCARP: Mg 0.06 ± 0.00a; Ca 0.00 ± 0.00; Fe 0.00 ± 0.00; Pb 0.23 ± 0.00a and Cd 0.00 ± 0.00 FERMENTED PULP: Mg 0.06 ± 0.00a; Ca 4.29 ± 0.01a; Fe 0.03 ± 0.00a; Pb 0.00 ± 0.00 and Cd 0.00 ± 0.00The cyanide concentration in ppm of the cassava segments (Accra specie) are as follows: EPICARP:1.23 ± 0.01cENDOCARP:1.88 ± 0.01cMESOCARP: 1.50 ± 0.01cFERMENTED PULP: 1.13 ± 0.01c KEY: Cd (cadmium); Fe (iron); Ca (calcium); Pb (lead); Mg (magnesium). Conclusions The segments have a nutrient content level below the recommended daily requirement prescribed by the world health organization (WHO). Because of the low content or even the near absence of the toxic chemicals such as Lead, Cadmium, and cyanide, and low content of mineral elements Accra cassava specie is recommended as safe for consumption. however, it should not be used as a nutrient supplement, but its products should be consumed along with other foods rich in magnesium, iron, and calcium. Funding Sources funding was done individually.

scholarly journals PEMBERDAYAAN MASYARAKAT MELALUI PROGRAM PEMBERANTASAN SARANG NYAMUK (PSN) DALAM MENURUNKAN ANGKA KEJADIAN DEMAM BERDARAH DENGUE DI KELURAHAN PERUMNAS I PONTIANAK

2017 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 32
Author(s):  
Tedy Dian Pradana ◽  
Ade Mayang Saraswati
Keyword(s):  
Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever ◽  
Development Program ◽  
Hemorrhagic Fever ◽  
Community Empowerment ◽  
World Health ◽  
Health Programs ◽  
School Age ◽  
Mutual Cooperation ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
The Village

World health organization (WHO) noted country Indonesia as a country with cases of dengue hemorrhagic fever (DHF) is the highest in Southeast Asia. Since 2011 in Indonesia dengue hemorrhagic fever (DHF) has claimed 595 lives out of a total of 65 432 patients person (CFR: 0.91). Dengue cases in Perumnas 1 spread to almost every pillar residents and the average affects children of school age and pre-school age and a rise in cases is high enough that in 2012 and 2013 respectively 5 and 10 cases increased to 27 cases in 2014. Community development program in the village Perumnas 1 is one effort that can be done to decrease the incidence of dengue. Based on the results of community service that has been done in the village river ox outside districts pontianak west can be concluded as follows: top priority health problems that exist in Sungai Jawi Luar Village outside is DHF, the determinant factors associated with the incidence of dengue is the knowledge, the priority problem-solving DBD in villages outside the ox river is education about dengue, establishment coordinator jumantik, film screenings dengue, DHF distribution of leaflets, posters DBD, results of evaluation of health education activities about dengue managed to increase public knowledge about dengue. Advice to Sungai Jawi Luar Village goverment should cooperate with the clinic in implementing health programs and call or invite the citizens to keep the environment with activities of mutual cooperation. Keywords: Community Empowerment, Mosquito Nest Eradication

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