scholarly journals Update on novel hormonal and non-hormonal male contraceptive development

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jill E Long ◽  
Min S Lee ◽  
Diana L Blithe
Keyword(s):  
Single Agent ◽  
Development Program ◽  
World Health ◽  
Male Contraception ◽  
Efficacy Trial ◽  
Stages Of Development ◽  
Male Contraceptive ◽  
New Methods ◽  
Contraceptive Agents ◽  
Health Organization

Abstract Background The advent of new methods of male contraception would increase contraceptive options for men and women and advance male contraceptive agency. Pharmaceutical R&D for male contraception has been dormant since the 1990’s. The Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD) has supported a contraceptive development program since 1969 and supports most ongoing hormonal male contraceptive development. Non-hormonal methods are in earlier stages of development. Content Several hormonal male contraceptive agents have entered clinical trials. Novel single agent products being evaluated include Dimethandrolone Undecanoate (DMAU), 11β-methyl-nortestosterone dodecylcarbonate (11β-MNTDC), and 7α-methyl-19-nortestosterone (MENT). A contraceptive efficacy trial of Nestorone® (NES)/testosterone (T) gel is underway. Potential non-hormonal methods are at preclinical stages of development. Many non-hormonal male contraceptive targets that affect sperm production, sperm function, or sperm transport have been identified. Summary NICHD supports development of reversible male contraceptive agents. Other organizations such as the World Health Organization, the Population Council, and The Male Contraception Initiative are pursuing male contraceptive development, but industry involvement remains limited.

scholarly journals Male Contraceptive Development: Update on Novel Hormonal and Nonhormonal Methods

2019 ◽  
Vol 65 (1) ◽  
pp. 153-160 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jill E Long ◽  
Min S Lee ◽  
Diana L Blithe
Keyword(s):  
Early Stage ◽  
Single Agent ◽  
Unmet Need ◽  
Pharmaceutical Research ◽  
Development Program ◽  
World Health ◽  
Male Contraception ◽  
Male Contraceptive ◽  
Contraceptive Agents ◽  
Health Organization

Abstract BACKGROUND Development of new methods of male contraception would address an unmet need for men to control their fertility and could increase contraceptive options for women. Pharmaceutical research and development for male contraception was active in the 1990s but has been virtually abandoned. The Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD) has supported a contraceptive development program since 1969 and supports the majority of hormonal male contraceptive development. Nonhormonal methods are also in development but are at earlier stages. CONTENT Several hormonal male contraceptive agents have entered clinical trials. Single-agent products being evaluated include dimethandrolone undecanoate, 11β-methyl-nortestosterone dodecyl carbonate, and 7α-methyl-19-nortestosterone. A contraceptive efficacy trial of Nestorone® gel and testosterone gel in a single application will begin in 2018. Potential nonhormonal methods are at preclinical stages of development. Many nonhormonal male contraceptive targets that affect either sperm production or sperm function have been identified. Targeted pathways include the retinoic acid pathway, bromodomain and extraterminal proteins, and pathways for Sertoli cell–germ cell adhesion or sperm motility. Druggable targets include CatSper, the sperm Na+/K+-exchanger, TSSK, HIPK4, EPPIN, and ADAMs family proteins. Development of a procedure to reversibly block the vas deferens (initially developed in India in the 1980s) is undergoing early stage research in the US under the trade name Vasalgel™. SUMMARY NICHD has supported the development of reversible male contraceptive agents. Other organizations such as the World Health Organization and the Population Council are pursuing male contraceptive development, but industry involvement remains dormant.

Gemcitabine as a Single Agent in the Treatment of Relapsed or Refractory Aggressive Non-Hodgkin's Lymphoma

1999 ◽  
Vol 17 (12) ◽  
pp. 3786-3792 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Fosså ◽  
A. Santoro ◽  
W. Hiddemann ◽  
L. Truemper ◽  
N. Niederle ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Partial Response ◽  
Confidence Interval ◽  
Karnofsky Performance Status ◽  
Performance Status ◽  
Single Agent ◽  
World Health ◽  
Hematologic Toxicity ◽  
Grade 3 ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
Hodgkin's Lymphomas

PURPOSE: A multicenter phase II trial was conducted to evaluate the efficacy and toxicity of gemcitabine in patients with relapsed or refractory aggressive non-Hodgkin's lymphomas (NHL). PATIENTS AND METHODS: Thirty-one patients with B-cell intermediate or high-grade NHL (Working Formulation) were enrolled onto the study. The median age was 61 years, with a Karnofsky performance status of ≤ 80% in 65% of patients. Forty-eight percent had stage III or IV (Ann Arbor Classification) at study entry. Pretreatment consisted of one, two, or three chemotherapeutic regimens in nine, 11, and 11 patients, respectively. Gemcitabine 1,250 mg/m2 was administered intravenously over 30 minutes on days 1, 8, and 15 of a 28-day schedule. RESULTS: Thirty patients were assessable for efficacy, and 31 were assessable for toxicity. No complete responses were observed, but six patients showed a partial response, 11 stable disease, and 13 progressive disease. The overall response rate was 20% (95% confidence interval, 8% to 39%) for assessable patients and 19% (95% confidence interval, 8% to 34%) for the intent-to-treat analysis. The median duration of partial response was 6 months (range, 3.7 to 15+ months). Nonhematologic World Health Organization grade 3 toxicity included hepatic toxicity in four patients and infection in two. Hematologic toxicity was observed as grade 3 anemia in three patients, grade 3 leukopenia in two patients, grade 3/4 neutropenia in two patients, and grade 3/4 thrombocytopenia in six patients. CONCLUSION: The present schedule of gemcitabine displays modest efficacy and mild toxicity in pretreated aggressive NHL.

scholarly journals Diagnosis and treatment of primary myelodysplastic syndromes in adults: recommendations from the European LeukemiaNet

Blood ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 122 (17) ◽  
pp. 2943-2964 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luca Malcovati ◽  
Eva Hellström-Lindberg ◽  
David Bowen ◽  
Lionel Adès ◽  
Jaroslav Cermak ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Performance Status ◽  
Development Program ◽  
Poor Performance ◽  
World Health ◽  
Individual Risk ◽  
Poor Performance Status ◽  
Level Of Evidence ◽  
Related Factors ◽  
Health Organization

Abstract Within the myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) work package of the European LeukemiaNet, an Expert Panel was selected according to the framework elements of the National Institutes of Health Consensus Development Program. A systematic review of the literature was performed that included indexed original papers, indexed reviews and educational papers, and abstracts of conference proceedings. Guidelines were developed on the basis of a list of patient- and therapy-oriented questions, and recommendations were formulated and ranked according to the supporting level of evidence. MDSs should be classified according to the 2008 World Health Organization criteria. An accurate risk assessment requires the evaluation of not only disease-related factors but also of those related to extrahematologic comorbidity. The assessment of individual risk enables the identification of fit patients with a poor prognosis who are candidates for up-front intensive treatments, primarily allogeneic stem cell transplantation. A high proportion of MDS patients are not eligible for potentially curative treatment because of advanced age and/or clinically relevant comorbidities and poor performance status. In these patients, the therapeutic intervention is aimed at preventing cytopenia-related morbidity and preserving quality of life. A number of new agents are being developed for which the available evidence is not sufficient to recommend routine use. The inclusion of patients into prospective clinical trials is strongly recommended.

scholarly journals Treatment of a Boy with Idiopathic Mental Retardation: From Uneducable to Educable.

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Keyword(s):  
Mental Retardation ◽  
Single Agent ◽  
Retarded Child ◽  
World Health ◽  
Heterogeneous Condition ◽  
Significant Impairment ◽  
Neurodevelopmental Abnormalities ◽  
Educable Mentally Retarded ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
Idiopathic Mental Retardation

Abstract Background: Mental retardation has been recently called by the American Psychiatric Association “Intellectual disability”, despite that the World Health Organization is still using the term “Mental retardation” in its ICD-10 publication. It is a heterogeneous condition marked by generalized neurodevelopmental abnormalities associated with significant impairment in mental or intellectual functioning and adaptive behaviors that affect every day general living. Patients and methods: A comprehensive multi-factorial treatment approach was used to treat a boy with idiopathic (Moderate to severe) mental retardation who was uneducable with the main aim of making him more educable. Treatment courses included intramuscular citicoline, piracetam, cerebrolysin and oral pyritinol. Results: Treatment was successful in advancing the mental and cognitive functions of the patient and making the child perfectly educable. Conclusion: There is no single agent that is known to convert an educable mentally retarded child to perfectly educable. Idiopathic mental retardation is a heterogeneous condition and the use of multi-factorial therapeutic agents is suggested for its treatment.

Research and development of new techniques - The W. H. O. Expanded Programme of Research, Development and Research Training in Human Reproduction

1976 ◽  
Vol 195 (1118) ◽  
pp. 129-136 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Technical Assistance ◽  
Research Training ◽  
Human Reproduction ◽  
World Health ◽  
Research Development ◽  
New Techniques ◽  
New Methods ◽  
Vaginal Rings ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
And Child Health

The World Health Organization Expanded Programme of Research, Development and Research Training in Human Reproduction was established in 1972 to improve existing methods of fertility regulation, develop new methods and assist national authorities in devising the best ways of providing them on a continuing basis. Strengthening of national resources to carry out research in this field forms an important part of the programme. The programme is closely integrated with other W. H. O. research in human reproduction and in maternal and child health, and is closely linked with W. H. O.’s technical assistance programmes to governments. Research is being conducted by more than 650 scientists in 60 countries on a variety of methods that includes pills for women and men; injectables, again for both sexes; intra-uterine devices; vaginal rings; intracervical devices; rhythm methods; sterilization; termination of pregnancy; postcoital preparations; and birth control vaccines. The effectiveness, safety, acceptability and programme implications of these methods is being studied in populations of different constitutions and environments.

scholarly journals Association of Recommended Food Score with Depression, Anxiety and Quality of Life in Korean Adult (P16-018-19)

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hyesook Kim ◽  
Jo-Eun Lee ◽  
Saejong Park ◽  
You Jin Kim ◽  
Oran Kwon
Keyword(s):  
Diet Quality ◽  
Technology Development ◽  
Development Program ◽  
Science Research ◽  
World Health ◽  
Future Planning ◽  
Women Subjects ◽  
Funding Sources ◽  
Korean Adult ◽  
Health Organization

Abstract Objectives This study hypothesized that a higher diet quality score is associated with a lower observance of symptoms of depression and anxiety and a higher QoL. Methods This study Evaluated 1295 adults (521 men; 774 women) aged 19–64 years, who participated in the 2014–2015 National Fitness Award Project. Diet quality was measured by the recommended food score (RFS), and mental health and QoL were assessed by the Beck depression inventory (BDI), Beck anxiety inventory (BAI), and the World Health Organization QoL–Brief (WHOQoL–BREF). Results After adjusting for covariates, the individuals with depression had a significantly lower RFS value compared to those without depression, and the good QoL group had a higher RFS value than the poor QoL group. These trends occurred in both men and women. Subjects in the highest tertile of RFS showed a lower odds of depression (OR = 0.44, 95% CI = 0.29–0.68, P-trend = 0.0002) and poor QoL (OR = 0.35, 95% CI = 0.26–0.47, P-trend <0.0001) than those in the lowest tertile. There was no association of the RFS with anxiety. Conclusions Our data suggest that improved diet quality is associated with lower ing depressive symptoms and a better QoL in Korean adults. Funding Sources This study was supported by the Bio & Medical Technology Development Program funded by the Ministry of Science & ICT (2012M3A9C4048761) and Future Planning through the National Research Foundation (NRF) and Basic Science Research Program (NRF-2018R1C1B4A01023629) funded by the Ministry of Science, ICT, and Future Planning, Republic of Korea.

scholarly journals PEMBERDAYAAN MASYARAKAT MELALUI PROGRAM PEMBERANTASAN SARANG NYAMUK (PSN) DALAM MENURUNKAN ANGKA KEJADIAN DEMAM BERDARAH DENGUE DI KELURAHAN PERUMNAS I PONTIANAK

2017 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 32
Author(s):  
Tedy Dian Pradana ◽  
Ade Mayang Saraswati
Keyword(s):  
Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever ◽  
Development Program ◽  
Hemorrhagic Fever ◽  
Community Empowerment ◽  
World Health ◽  
Health Programs ◽  
School Age ◽  
Mutual Cooperation ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
The Village

World health organization (WHO) noted country Indonesia as a country with cases of dengue hemorrhagic fever (DHF) is the highest in Southeast Asia. Since 2011 in Indonesia dengue hemorrhagic fever (DHF) has claimed 595 lives out of a total of 65 432 patients person (CFR: 0.91). Dengue cases in Perumnas 1 spread to almost every pillar residents and the average affects children of school age and pre-school age and a rise in cases is high enough that in 2012 and 2013 respectively 5 and 10 cases increased to 27 cases in 2014. Community development program in the village Perumnas 1 is one effort that can be done to decrease the incidence of dengue. Based on the results of community service that has been done in the village river ox outside districts pontianak west can be concluded as follows: top priority health problems that exist in Sungai Jawi Luar Village outside is DHF, the determinant factors associated with the incidence of dengue is the knowledge, the priority problem-solving DBD in villages outside the ox river is education about dengue, establishment coordinator jumantik, film screenings dengue, DHF distribution of leaflets, posters DBD, results of evaluation of health education activities about dengue managed to increase public knowledge about dengue. Advice to Sungai Jawi Luar Village goverment should cooperate with the clinic in implementing health programs and call or invite the citizens to keep the environment with activities of mutual cooperation. Keywords: Community Empowerment, Mosquito Nest Eradication

scholarly journals COVID-19: A Centennial Pandemic from Origin to Clinical Trials

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 30-52
Author(s):  
Ruddhida R Vidwans ◽  
Manendra Babu Lankadasari
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Trials ◽  
Health Workers ◽  
World Health ◽  
Therapeutic Approaches ◽  
New Methods ◽  
Current Review ◽  
Contagious Nature ◽  
Diagnostic Approaches ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
Viral Outbreak

AbstractIn December 2019, an unexpected interaction of coronavirus with human’s occurred for the third time in history after Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS) in 2002-2003 and Middle East Respiratory Syndrome (MERS) in 2012. Soon the virus was confirmed as SARS-CoV-2, and the severity of its transmission lead the World Health Organization to declare it as World Pandemic. Due to its highly contagious nature, new methods like social distancing, self-hygiene and quarantine were being adopted by many countries to halt the transmission. Due to the dearth in specific therapeutics and/or vaccines against Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19), a significant thrust in drugs and vaccine discovery was ratified by all the nations. The current review comprehensively details about the emergence and molecular pathogenesis with an interesting timeline which notes all the major events during this crisis. Given the potential general readers and health workers, the symptoms and diagnostic approaches were simplified. Emphasis was given to therapeutic approaches and clinical trials section to support the translational research and to cope up with the viral outbreak.

scholarly journals GAMBARAN PENGETAHUAN ORANG TUA TENTANG IMUNISASI MEASLES RUBELLA DI MADRASAH IFTIDAIYAH AL-KAUTSAR PALEMBANG TAHUN 2019

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (01) ◽  
pp. 8-18
Author(s):  
Khoirin Mugiman ◽  
Mirsa Hardianti
Keyword(s):  
Univariate Analysis ◽  
Development Program ◽  
Mortality Rates ◽  
World Health ◽  
Immunization Program ◽  
Descriptive Research ◽  
Congenital Rubella ◽  
The World ◽  
Quantitative Descriptive ◽  
Health Organization

Background:according to the world health organization (WHO) Indonesia’ Immunization program has a goal of reducing Immune-preventable disease and mortality rates. Immunization efforts have been held in Indonesi since 1956. Beginning in 1977, Immunization efforts were expanded into an immunization development program in the prevention of immunization of disease infections (pd3i) such as immunodeficiency, diphtheria, pertusis, measles, tetanus, polio, hepatitis, pneumonia, rotavirus, congenital rubella syndrome, human papillomas. The goal of this studyis to find out what parent’s awareness of the immunization of emergency Bella in the madrassa ibtidayah al-kautsar palembang in 2018. This method of research uses the quantitative descriptive research design, the sample was taken using the 34-parent sampling of madrasah iftidaiyah al-kautsar who is nagaswidak area of labor center. Data analysis using a Univariate analysis, the study was performed in January 2019. The vast majority of 34 respondents were known to have 20 ( 58,8%) when 11(32,4%) had a good knowledge of immunization, while 11(32,4%) had sufficient knowledge and 3(8,8%) had little knowledge. Suggestions: it is hoped that studies could use more varied variables and cover more broader research, so tah research on disease disease and disease could be constantly improved.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document