scholarly journals Comparison of the Axis %CDT TIA and the CDTect method as laboratory tests of alcohol abuse

1998 ◽  
Vol 44 (6) ◽  
pp. 1209-1215 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katja Viitala ◽  
Kaija Lähdesmäki ◽  
Onni Niemelä
Keyword(s):  
Alcohol Abuse ◽  
Problem Drinking ◽  
Inverse Correlation ◽  
High Serum ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Specific Marker ◽  
Serum Transferrin ◽  
Alcohol Abusers ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Carbohydrate Deficient Transferrin

Abstract Carbohydrate-deficient transferrin (CDT) has been suggested as a specific marker of alcohol abuse. We designed this study to compare the conventional CDTect method (Pharmacia & Upjohn) and the new semiautomated Axis %CDT turbidimetric immunoassay (%CDT TIA) for their diagnostic performance to identify problem drinking. The sensitivities of the %CDT TIA and CDTect for correctly classifying heavy drinkers (n = 90) were 29% and 59% with the thresholds currently recommended by the manufacturers, respectively. In the control group (n = 114), which included hospitalized patients with abnormal serum transferrin concentrations, the CDTect assay gave 21 false-positive values (18%), whereas the %CDT TIA showed 100% specificity. With the cutoff limits based on the present healthy control group (mean + 2 SD), the sensitivities of the %CDT TIA and CDTect were 61% and 86%, respectively. For men, the ROC plot area of the CDTect results in comparisons of alcohol abusers and healthy controls was significantly (P <0.05) higher than that of the %CDT TIA results, whereas for women, there was no significant difference in this respect. The slope and intercept (with 95% confidence intervals) for linear regression between CDTect and %CDT TIA were 0.13 (0.12–0.15) and 1.16 (0.73–1.59), respectively (Sy‖x = 1.51, r = 0.744). CDTect results correlated positively with serum transferrin (r = 0.224, P <0.001), whereas the %CDT TIA results showed a slight inverse correlation with serum transferrin (r = −0.132, P = 0.07). The data suggest that CDTect is more sensitive than %CDT TIA in detecting drinking problems. However, the %CDT TIA method yields more specificity when analyzing samples from patients with high serum transferrin concentrations.

Problem drinking in the Naval Service: A study of personnel identified as alcohol abusers

1996 ◽  
Vol 82 (1) ◽  
pp. 34-39
Author(s):  
S Micklewright
Keyword(s):  
Family History ◽  
Alcohol Abuse ◽  
Problem Drinking ◽  
Alcohol Problems ◽  
Disciplinary Action ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Length Of Service ◽  
Alcohol Abusers ◽  
History Of

AbstractA group of naval personnel referred for alcohol problems was studied for a number of characteristics including sex, service status, age group, Branch, presenting factors, where serving, referral source, marital status, length of service and family history of alcohol abuse. They were compared with a control group of othernaval personnel.The alcohol referral group displayed a number of statistically significant differences from the control group. Junior rates, those aged below 20, communications branch personnel and those serving at sea were over represented. The alcohol referrals group were also more likely to be unmarried or divorced, and have a family history of alcohol abuse. Officers, Senior Rates and engineering branch personnel were under represented. With regard to male:female ratio, age group distribution over age 20 and length of service, there were no significant differences between the alcohol referral and control groups. The majority of alcohol referrals were made by Medical and Divisional Officers, the overwhelming reason being disciplinary action related to alcohol abuse.

Comparison of Platelet-Rich Plasma Serotonin Level and Quantitative Neutrophil PRV-1 Assay in Chronic Myeloproliferative Disorders.

Blood ◽  
2004 ◽  
Vol 104 (11) ◽  
pp. 4740-4740
Author(s):  
Cody A. Koch ◽  
Terra L. Lasho ◽  
Ayalew Tefferi
Keyword(s):  
Platelet Rich Plasma ◽  
Inverse Correlation ◽  
Study Groups ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Serotonin Level ◽  
Myeloproliferative Disease ◽  
Disease Category ◽  
Myeloid Metaplasia ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Degree Of Overlap

Abstract In a prospective study of 100 subjects, an ELISA assay was used to measure platelet-rich plasma (PRP) serotonin levels in patients with polycythemia vera (PV; n=26), essential thrombocythemia (ET; n=14), myelofibrosis with myeloid metaplasia (MMM; n=26), secondary or spurious polycythemia (SP; n=20) and controls (n=14). Neutrophil PRV-1 expression was concurrently assayed by real-time PCR in 69 patients (23 PV, 17 SP, 12 ET, 7 MMM, 10 controls). Table 1 outlines the median and range of measured values across the different study groups. Table 1 Controls SP PV ET MMM Age in years N/A 49 (18–77) 64 (32–83) 52 (18–81) 60 (22–80) Plt count x 109/L N/A 249 (157–371) 509 (191–940) 613 (284–1100) 259 (64–955) PRP serotonin; ng/109 plts 567 (360–1071) 609 (369–1780) 205 (0–496) 385 (137–1026) 90 (0–278) PRV-1/GAPDH ratio 1.28 (1.20–1.43) 1.23 (1.13–1.38) 1.03 (0.84–1.28) 1.24 (0.99–1.44) 1.25 (1.11–1.40) A highly significant difference (p < 0.0001), in PRP serotonin levels, was seen among the different disease categories and control group (table 1). The lowest levels were registered for MMM and PV with a statistically significant difference between the two groups (p = 0.015) but a large degree of overlap. The results in both were significantly as well as markedly lower than those of controls as well as SP with only slight overlap in the PV group and no overlap in the MMM group (p < 0.0001; table 1). The PRP serotonin levels in patients with ET were significantly reduced compared to both controls (p = 0.019) and SP (p = 0.002) and significantly increased compared to both PV (p = 0.0008) and MMM (p < 0.0001). However, there was a substantial degree of overlap in values between ET and other disease categories and controls. Neither aspirin nor cytoreductive therapy correlated with PRP serotonin levels (p = 0.116 and p = 0.148, respectively). Similarly, within a specific disease category, PRP serotonin level did not significantly correlate with platelet count, hemoglobin level, leukocyte count, spleen size, disease duration, or gender. However, an inverse correlation with age was noted only in MMM. In general, there was not a significant correlation between PRP serotonin level and neutrophil PRV-1 expression in each of the three myeloproliferative disease variants. Tests of sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy in distinguishing PV from SP were 92, 95, and 93% for the PRP serotonin assay and 78, 95, 86% for neutrophil PRV-1 assay, respectively. The current study suggests that PRP serotonin concentration might be considered as one of several biological markers that complement each other for the diagnosis of PV.

Vitamin D levels in patients with childhood cancer.

2012 ◽  
Vol 30 (15_suppl) ◽  
pp. e20000-e20000
Author(s):  
Nurdan Tacyildiz ◽  
Gulsah oktay Tanyildiz ◽  
Deniz Tekin ◽  
Can Ates ◽  
Handan Dincaslan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Inverse Correlation ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Healthy Children ◽  
Vitamin D Levels ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Patient Groups ◽  
Cell Growth And Differentiation ◽  
Age Range ◽  
Nonparametric Correlation

e20000 Background: There is increasing interest in the possible association between cancer incidence and vitamin D through its role as a regulator of cell growth and differentiation. Although there are several studies related cancer risk and prognosis of cancer, related vit D levels in adult patients there are only few recent studies in pediatric patients. Methods: Between 2010 and 2011, D Vit levels of 45 patients (25 boys, 20 girls; age range: 6 months-17 years, median: 11 years) have been compared to D Vit levels of 22 healthy children with similar age group. Patient groups were leukemias, lymphomas, bone tumors, retinoblastoma (RB), and other tumors. Kruskal-Wallis and Spearman nonparametric correlations test of SPSS has been used for statistics. Results: Although there was no statistically significant difference for vit D levels between control group (range: 7.2-22.8; median: 14.75 ng/ml) and patients (range: 5.5-40.2; median: 16.0 ng/ml),difference between patients groups were significant (Table). Patients with RB have statistically lower level of Vit D than leukemia (p:0.016) and lymphoma groups ( p: 0.047). “Other tumors group” has lower vit D levels than leukemia group (p: 0.024). Since RB and other tumors group have younger age than other patients, Spearsman’s nonparametric correlation has been performed to exclude age effect on the results and no statistically significant correlation between D vit levels and age (p: 0.779) was found, although there was an inverse correlation between age and vit D levels in patient group (p: 0.03). Conclusions: According to our preliminary results, most of the patients and healthy children have low level of Vit D. Especially patients with RB have statistically significant lower level of Vit D than other malignancies which can be subject to future studies for confirmation of our results. In addition, etiologic studies related RB may have a new area. [Table: see text]

scholarly journals Analysis of protein profile changes in chronic alcohol intoxication to diagnose the development of these pathological conditions

2015 ◽  
Vol 70 (2) ◽  
pp. 11-19
Author(s):  
O. Harchenko ◽  
O. Savchuk ◽  
L. Ostapchenko
Keyword(s):  
Alcohol Abuse ◽  
Alcohol Intoxication ◽  
Protein Profile ◽  
Chronic Alcohol ◽  
Alcohol Abusers ◽  
Chronic Alcohol Abuse ◽  
Apolipoprotein J ◽  
Other Substances ◽  
Carbohydrate Deficient Transferrin ◽  
Proteome Changes

In the review it was characterized today existing biomarkers that allow to detect chronic alcohol abuse, namely: carbohydrate-deficient transferrin, the activity of GGT, ALT, AST, β-hexosaminidase; sialic acid index of apolipoprotein J, circulating levels of cytokines (TNF-α, IL-1 and IL-6), α-1- and α-2 globulins, serum amyloid A4, fibronectin, and others. At present results of the studies of alcohol abusers organism's proteome contain significant amount of artifacts, which are connected with the other substances of double abuse (e.g. cocaine, tobacco), specific nutrition deficiency, and the presence of organs dysfunction. Summarising the scientific literature analysis we can attest the lack of research concerning proteome changes at different stages of alcohol intoxication. An important task is to identify biomarkers that would allow measuring the level of alcohol consumption by detecting tissue damage and other physiological reactions on the alcohol abuse over time. Strategies of alcoholism biomarkers research should include the identification of proteins, which number differs in alcoholics and non-alcoholics. Decoding of individual proteome is likely to be part of the future personalized medicine.

Is Carbohydrate-Deficient Transferrin a Specific Marker for Alcohol Abuse? A Study in Patients with Chronic Viral Hepatitis

1997 ◽  
Vol 21 (7) ◽  
pp. 1337-1342 ◽  
Author(s):  
Renaud Perret ◽  
Florian Froehlich ◽  
Daniel Lavanchy ◽  
Hugues Henry ◽  
Claude Bachman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alcohol Abuse ◽  
Viral Hepatitis ◽  
Chronic Viral Hepatitis ◽  
Specific Marker ◽  
Carbohydrate Deficient Transferrin

P4134Impaired left ventricular systolic function in alcohol abusers expressed by both 3D calculated ejection fraction and longitudinal strain by AFI

2019 ◽  
Vol 40 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
P Hamala ◽  
J D Kasprzak ◽  
P Lipiec ◽  
K Wierzbowska-Drabik
Keyword(s):  
Alcohol Abuse ◽  
Ejection Fraction ◽  
Longitudinal Strain ◽  
Systolic Function ◽  
Global Longitudinal Strain ◽  
Harmful Effect ◽  
Left Ventricular ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Lv Function ◽  
Alcohol Abusers

Abstract Aim Despite knowledge regarding the existence of alcohol cardiomyopathy the exact impact of alcohol abuse in consecutive subject is poorly examined. We aimed to evaluate the left ventricle (LV) function in chronic abusers group and compared classical and novel echocardiography parameters in alcohol abusers (ALC) and control group (C). Methods We compared 75 adults (mean age 48±12, 60 male) without other overt heart disease, coronary artery disease excluded, but with alcohol abuse history: average alcohol intake 32 alcohol unit per week (AUW) with control group consisted of 40 subjects without history of excessive drinking, abstinents or drinking ≤8 AUW (mean age 50±4, 16 men). One unit was defined as 10 grams of pure etanol. All patients underwent TTE examination including ejection fraction (EF) calculation with 3D and longitudinal strain assessment by AFI method. Results ALC group showed LV systolic dysfunction expressed as EF 48±14 vs 60±9%, global longitudinal strain (AFI GLS) −15.6±6.6 vs −18.7±3.4; p<0.0001 and p 0.0064, respectively. On the other hand the LV and left atrial diameters as well as diastolic function were similar in both groups, indicating on relatively low advancement of heart remodeling. ALC vs Control group comparison ALC N75 C N40 p value Age 48±12 50±4 ns BMI 24±6 28±6 0.0009 LVd 48±13 47±4 ns LVs 34±15 32±4 ns LA 38±9 38±3 ns EF 48±14 60±9 <0.0001 E/A 1.1±0.6 1.1±0.3 ns E' lateral 10.6±3.9 10.6±2.9 ns AFI 2ch −15.9±6.9 −18.8±4.8 0.0143 AFI 3ch −15.9±6.9 −18.9±3.6 0.0116 AFI 4ch −15.2±7.1 −18.6±3.5 0.0053 AFI GLS −15.6±6.6 −18.7±3.4 0.0064 Conclusions Chronic alcohol abuse revealed harmful effect on LV systolic function which can be assessed quantitatively by both decreased EF and absolute values of myocardial longitudinal strain. This systolic function impairment seems to anticipate the overt remodelling of the heart.

Homocysteine levels in schizophrenia patients newly admitted to an acute psychiatric ward

2015 ◽  
Vol 27 (6) ◽  
pp. 336-344 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rosaria Di Lorenzo ◽  
Alessandra Amoretti ◽  
Samantha Baldini ◽  
Marcello Soli ◽  
Giulia Landi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rating Scale ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Blood Levels ◽  
Psychiatric Ward ◽  
Specific Marker ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Psychiatric Rating ◽  
Psychiatric Rating Scale ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Acute Psychiatric Ward

ObjectiveAfter the discovery of ‘homocystinuria syndrome’, many studies have suggested that high blood levels of homocysteine may be associated with schizophrenia. The aim of this study was to analyse the association between hyperhomocysteinaemia and schizophrenia.MethodsIn a population of inpatients suffering from exacerbated schizophrenic disorders (N=100), we evaluated homocysteine levels the day after their admission to an acute psychiatric ward and compared it with that of a non-patient control group (N=110), matched for age and gender. We statistically analysed the correlation between homocysteine levels and selected variables: gender, age, years of illness and number of previous psychiatric admissions as well as Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale, Positive Negative Syndrome Scale and Global Assessment Functioning (GAF) Scores.ResultsWe observed elevated homocysteine levels (an increase of 7.84 µM on average per patient) in 32% of the patients, but we did not find any statistically significant difference between the homocysteine levels of our patients and controls. Hyperhomocysteinaemia presented a positive statistically significant correlation with years of illness (p<0.005) and a negative statistically significant correlation with GAF score (p<0.001), but not with other clinical variables.ConclusionsHyperhomocysteinaemia, which occurred in our schizophrenia patients with poor social and relational functioning after many years of illness, could represent an effect of altered lifestyle due to psychosis, but not a specific marker for schizophrenia.

scholarly journals High Serum Estradiol Reduces Acute Hepatotoxicity Risk Induced by Epirubicin Plus Cyclophosphamide Chemotherapy in Premenopausal Women with Breast Cancer

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shunmin Huang ◽  
Maobai Liu ◽  
Fangmeng Fu ◽  
Hangmin Liu ◽  
Baochang He ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Adjuvant Chemotherapy ◽  
Linear Trend ◽  
Menopausal Status ◽  
High Serum ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Premenopausal Patients ◽  
And Control

Aim: We evaluated whether acute drug-induced liver injury (DILI) caused by adjuvant chemotherapy with epirubicin plus cyclophosphamide for early breast cancer was associated with estradiol (E2), luteinizing hormone (LH), and follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH).Methods: Reproductive hormone test results of breast cancer patients were collected in the first chemotherapy cycle. E2, LH, and FSH levels were loge-transformed to normally distributed variables and were assessed using Student’s t-test to determine significant differences between the case and control groups. Hormone levels were classified according to the interquartile range and analyzed by logistic regression to determine their association with DILI caused by chemotherapy.Results: Among the 915 enrolled patients (DILI group: 204; control group: 711), menopausal status, along with serum E2, LH, and FSH levels, did not substantially differ between case and control groups. However, in the premenopause subgroup (n = 483), we found a significant difference in the E2 level between the case and control groups (p = 0.001). After adjusting for age and body mass index, premenopausal patients with 152–2,813 pg/mL E2 showed a lower risk of chemotherapy-induced DILI than patients with ≤20 pg/mL E2 (odds ratio: 0.394; 95% confidence interval: 0.207–0.748). The linear trend χ2 test revealed that E2 levels in premenopausal patients with breast cancer were inversely associated with the development of DILI.Conclusion: High serum E2 levels are associated with a reduced DILI risk in premenopausal patients with breast cancer undergoing epirubicin plus cyclophosphamide adjuvant chemotherapy.

scholarly journals Forensic aspects of postmortem serum carbohydrate-deficient transferrin analysis as a marker of alcohol abuse

2013 ◽  
Vol 141 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 203-206 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vesna Popovic ◽  
Tatjana Atanasijevic ◽  
Slobodan Nikolic ◽  
Natasa Bozic ◽  
Zoran Vujcic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alcohol Abuse ◽  
Forensic Medicine ◽  
Polyacrylamide Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Hospital Environment ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Time Interval ◽  
Sample Collection ◽  
High Incidence ◽  
Carbohydrate Deficient Transferrin ◽  
The Moment

Introduction. Carbohydrate-deficient transferrin (CDT) has been suggested as one of alcohol abuse indicators having produced good results in forensic medicine for years. Objective. The aim of the study was to identify correlation between present methodology of alcohol abuse diagnosis at autopsy (macroscopic and microscopic findings) and CDT examination using the method of isoelectrofocusing (IEF) in polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (PAGE). We also analyzed if the time interval between the moment of death and blood sample collection influences CDT findings. Methods The method used for CDT analysis was IEF-PAGE. Sera of 49 males and 11 females aged 14-87 years, average age 46.85?18.53, were used in this study. Control group consisted of five patients who died after medical treatment that lasted longer than 15 days, and five patients who started Disulfiram therapy in controlled hospital environment. Results. The results obtained in CDT examination in dead bodies? sera showed sensitivity 59% and specificity 71%. A high incidence of falsely positive CDT result was noticed in liver failure and cirrhosis of non-alcoholic origin. CDT analysis is also possible to be done in samples collected postmortem up to 76 hours. Conclusion. In forensic medicine, the method of CDT determination is reliable for the diagnosis of alcohol abuse.

Similar Serum Levels of IL-6 and its Soluble Receptors in Patients with HCV-Related Arthritis and Rheumatoid Arthritis: A Pilot Study

2012 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 281-285 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Riccio ◽  
L. Postiglione ◽  
P. Sabatini ◽  
M. Linvelli ◽  
I. Soriente ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rheumatoid Arthritis ◽  
Pilot Study ◽  
Healthy Subjects ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
High Serum ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Serum Concentrations ◽  
Soluble Receptors ◽  
Significant Difference

The high serum levels of Interleukin-6 (IL-6) and its soluble receptors (sIL-6r and sgp 130), described in the course of Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA), have been linked to the enhanced activity of this cytokine in this disorder. In this study, the serum concentrations of IL-6 and its soluble receptors were determined in a group of patients with HCV-related arthritis (HCVrA), a condition resembling RA in several aspects, and then compared to those found in a sample of subjects affected by RA. Twenty-one patients with HCVrA, 24 patients with RA and 20 healthy subjects (control group) were examined. Different ELISA methods were used for determination of serum concentrations of IL-6, sIL-6r and sgp 130. Increased IL-6 serum levels were found in 15 (71%) of the patients with HCVrA and in 16 (62%) of those with RA. Eight (38%) of the patients with HCVrA and 11 (46%) of those with RA denoted high levels of sIL-6r, while sgp 130 levels were elevated in 21 (76%) of the patients with HCVrA and in 16 (69%) of those with RA. A significant difference between the median values of sIL-6r and sgp 130 levels in the two groups of patients versus controls was found. A mild correlation of these parameters with RF levels was detected in the RA group. Furthermore, in HCVrA patients the serum levels of IL-6, sIL-6r and sgpl30 appeared unrelated to HCV viraemia and to levels of transaminases. The enhanced serum levels of IL-6 in HCVra patients indicate an increased synthesis and hyperactivity of this cytokine in HCVrA, and the substantial similarity of the behaviour of IL-6 and its serum receptors in the two groups of patients suggests common mechanisms with RA, in which the function of IL-6 is central.

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