Integrating vulture social behavior into conservation practice

The Condor ◽  
2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thijs van Overveld ◽  
Guillermo Blanco ◽  
Marcos Moleón ◽  
Antoni Margalida ◽  
José Antonio Sánchez-Zapata ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Social Behavior ◽  
Human Activities ◽  
Social Life ◽  
Breeding Systems ◽  
Social Structures ◽  
Social Foraging ◽  
Foraging Strategies ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Conservation Practice ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Vultures are one of the most threatened bird groups globally. Although many of the threats faced by vultures have been identified, the impact of human activities on the social life of vultures has received little attention. In this paper, we emphasize the need to integrate vulture sociality into conservation practice. First, we summarize current knowledge on vulture social behavior, and the evolutionary and ecological roots of their breeding systems. We describe the existence of contrasting gradients in social foraging strategies and hierarchical social structures among colonial and territorial breeders associated with species (and population) reliance on carrion differing in size and predictability. We also highlight the potential role of vulture gatherings in maintaining population-level social structures and for mate-finding given high mate-selectivity. Next, based on this social framework, we discuss the impact of human activities on social foraging, territory structures, resource partitioning processes, and mating dynamics. However, little is known about how disruptions of social habits may have contributed to vulture population declines and/or may impede their recovery. Lastly, we provide directions for future research on vulture socio-ecology that may improve current conservation efforts. We encourage researchers and wildlife managers to pay more attention to natural carrion diversity underlying vulture social system diversity, especially when implementing supplementary feeding programs, and to consider the complex mating and settlement dynamics in reintroduction programs. Overall, we stress that understanding the complex social life of vultures is critical to harmonize their conservation with anthropogenic activities.

scholarly journals Beyond the Pandemic: COVID-19 Pandemic Changed the Face of Life

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (11) ◽  
pp. 5645
Author(s):  
Shaden A. M. Khalifa ◽  
Mahmoud M. Swilam ◽  
Aida A. Abd El-Wahed ◽  
Ming Du ◽  
Haged H. R. El-Seedi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Human Activities ◽  
Social Life ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Mental Wellbeing ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Population Movements ◽  
Social Distancing ◽  
The Face ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Positive Impacts

The COVID-19 pandemic is a serious challenge for societies around the globe as entire populations have fallen victim to the infectious spread and have taken up social distancing. In many countries, people have had to self-isolate and to be confined to their homes for several weeks to months to prevent the spread of the virus. Social distancing measures have had both negative and positive impacts on various aspects of economies, lifestyles, education, transportation, food supply, health, social life, and mental wellbeing. On other hands, due to reduced population movements and the decline in human activities, gas emissions decreased and the ozone layer improved; this had a positive impact on Earth’s weather and environment. Overall, the COVID-19 pandemic has negative effects on human activities and positive impacts on nature. This study discusses the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on different life aspects including the economy, social life, health, education, and the environment.

scholarly journals Corporate social responsibility in the time of COVID-19 pandemic: An exploratory study of developing country corporates

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (5) ◽  
pp. 73-80
Author(s):  
Poojaa Gokarna ◽  
Bala Krishnamoorthy
Keyword(s):  
Corporate Social Responsibility ◽  
Social Responsibility ◽  
Developing Country ◽  
Social Life ◽  
Central Government ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Exploratory Research ◽  
Csr Strategies ◽  
Corporate Social ◽  
The Impact

COVID-19 pandemic has long-lasting consequences on the health, economic and social life of a country (He & Harris, 2020). In a developing country like India, the socio-economic disruption has led to collaborative action between the central government and state government machinery together with the development sector to curb the impact caused by the virus. Academia substantiates the symbiotic relationship existing between the business and the society (McGuire, 1963; Carroll & Shabana, 2010). The corporates are contributing towards alleviating the pandemic situation through their corporate social responsibility (CSR) activities (Mahmud, Ding, & Hasan, 2021). This article provides insights into the CSR strategies adopted by corporates in India during the COVID-19 pandemic through exploratory research. The study is based on semi-structured interviews of 27 CSR managers involved in strategizing and implementation of CSR activities in their respective organizations. The results outline the commitment shown by corporates towards alleviating the consequence of the virus by multiple CSR strategies. Thus, this research furthers the understanding of CSR and forms a base for future research on COVID-19 and CSR

scholarly journals Separating the Impacts of Climate Change and Human Activities on Runoff: A Review of Method and Application

Water ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (8) ◽  
pp. 2201 ◽  
Author(s):  
Feng Zeng ◽  
Ming-Guo Ma ◽  
Dong-Rui Di ◽  
Wei-Yu Shi
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Research Methods ◽  
Human Activities ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Research Needs ◽  
Relevant Research ◽  
Impact Of Climate Change ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Impacts Of Climate Change

Separating the impact of climate change and human activities on runoff is an important topic in hydrology, and a large number of methods and theories have been widely used. In this paper, we review the current papers on separating the impacts of climate and human activities on runoff, summarize the progress of relevant research methods and applications in recent years, and discuss future research needs and directions.

scholarly journals Modulation of Instagram Number of Followings by Avoidance in Close Relationships in Young Adults Under a Gene x Environment Perspective

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrea Bonassi ◽  
Alessandro Carollo ◽  
Ilaria Cataldo ◽  
Giulio Gabrieli ◽  
Moses Tandiono ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Social Behavior ◽  
Social Networking Sites ◽  
Social Life ◽  
Close Relationships ◽  
Good Evidence ◽  
Close Relationship ◽  
Genetic Features ◽  
Online Socialization ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Desirability Index

The advent of Social Networking Sites (SNSs) has determined radical changes in human social life, demanding to deepen investigations on the mechanisms underlying socialization processes on online platforms. The knowledge acquired from previous studies on in-person sociability could guide researchers to consider both environmental and genetic features as candidates of the online socialization. In the current research, we explored the impact of the quality of adult attachment and the genetic properties of the Serotonin Transporter Gene (5-HTTLPR) on Instagram social behavior. Experiences in Close Relationships-Revised questionnaire was adopted to assess 57 Instagram users' attachment pattern in close relationship with their partner. Genotypes from the 5-HTTLPR/rs25531 region were extracted from the users' buccal mucosa and analyzed. Details on users' Instagram social behavior were acquired from four indexes: number of posts, number of followed users ("followings") and number followers, and the Social Desirability Index calculated from the followers to followings ratio.Although no interaction between rs25531 and ECR-R dimensions was found, results suggested an association between avoidance in close relationships and Instagram number of followings. Specifically, post-hoc analyses revealed that adult avoidance from the partner predicts the Instagram number of followings with good evidence. Moreover, users who reported high avoidance levels displayed fewer followings than users who reported low levels of avoidance.This research provides a window into the psychobiological understanding of online socialization on SNSs as Instagram.

P14.18 Patient and Public Involvement to define patient-centred outcomes from National Cancer Datasets

2021 ◽  
Vol 23 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. ii41-ii41
Author(s):  
L Pakzad-Shahabi ◽  
C Cherrington ◽  
N Brassil ◽  
P Even ◽  
D Gardner ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Social Life ◽  
Public Involvement ◽  
Patient And Public Involvement ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Patient Centered ◽  
Cancer Data ◽  
Primary Brain Tumour ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The Impact

Abstract BACKGROUND GlioCova uses linked national cancer data on all 51 000 adult patients with a primary brain tumour in England (2013 - 2018) to understand patterns of care, treatment, and outcomes in patients with glioma (http://wwwf.imperial.ac.uk/blog/gliocova/). A key aim is the use of patient and carer input in defining patient-centered outcomes. We have held multiple Patient & Public Involvement (PPI) sessions with patients and carergivers and data analysts to understand what patient and caregivers want to know about brain tumours. MATERIAL AND METHOD We used a modified Delphi method. The online PPI sessions (Zoom) consisted of two presentations, open discussions, and Q&As. We made the sessions as interactive as possible by using Mentimeter and an interactive online white board (Explain Everything). Pre-reading material was circulated via email. Attendees (6–14 per session) covered a wide range of ages (30–75), diagnoses (GBM, recurrent gliomas, low grade gliomas, ependymoma); patients, caregivers, neuro-oncology staff, data analysts and basic scientists. Work was conducted in line with the INVOLVE PPI guidance. RESULTS We identified four questions that were of interest to patients and had correlates in the data: Patients and caregivers were also interested in the impact of diet, quality of life, social life, and exercise. However, these data cannot be answered using the current national data. CONCLUSION Our PPI work has helped us to identify and prioritise questions to ask of the data. Ongoing PPI work will provide a wider perspective and identify knowledge gaps for future research. Patients and caregivers report feeling empowered, being part of a team, feeling like they had given something back and done something meaningful for the research community and other patients. Patients and caregivers also felt that they had an enriched understanding of the data that is collected. As this process is an iterative process, we will hold more PPI sessions to identify and prioritise topics to analyse.

Social Norms and Their Enforcement

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jessica M. Nolan
Keyword(s):  
Social Behavior ◽  
Social Norms ◽  
Personal Relevance ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Cognitive Resources ◽  
Review Of The Literature ◽  
Reference Groups ◽  
Injunctive Norms ◽  
Social Sanctions ◽  
The Impact

In this chapter social norms are redefined as “rules and standards that are understood by members of a group, and that guide morally relevant social behavior by way of social sanctions, instead of the force of laws.” In line with this revised definition, the chapter includes a discussion of how and when individuals enforce social norms along with the customary review of the literature on social norms as agents of social influence. A discussion of how to maximize the impact of social norms interventions follows with special consideration given to (a) combining descriptive and injunctive norms, (b) reference groups, (c) personal relevance, and (d) cognitive resources. The chapter also includes a discussion of the tendency to underestimate the influence of social norms, both on one’s own behavior and the behavior of others. Several conflicting results are identified and suggestions are made for how to resolve them with future research.

scholarly journals A Pro-social Pill? The Potential of Pharmacological Treatments to Improve Social Outcomes After Pediatric Traumatic Brain Injury

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bridgette D. Semple ◽  
Ramesh Raghupathi
Keyword(s):  
Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Brain Injury ◽  
Social Behavior ◽  
Early Life ◽  
Brain Injuries ◽  
Time Window ◽  
Therapeutic Interventions ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Clinical Literature ◽  
The Impact

Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a leading cause of injury-induced disability in young children worldwide, and social behavior impairments in this population are a significant challenge for affected patients and their families. The protracted trajectory of secondary injury processes triggered by a TBI during early life—alongside ongoing developmental maturation—offers an extended time window when therapeutic interventions may yield functional benefits. This mini-review explores the scarce but promising pre-clinical literature to date demonstrating that social behavior impairments after early life brain injuries can be modified by drug therapies. Compounds that provide broad neuroprotection, such as those targeting neuroinflammation, oxidative stress, axonal injury and/or myelination, may prevent social behavior impairments by reducing secondary neuropathology. Alternatively, targeted treatments that promote affiliative behaviors, exemplified by the neuropeptide oxytocin, may reduce the impact of social dysfunction after pediatric TBI. Complementary literature from other early life neurodevelopmental conditions such as hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy also provides avenues for future research in neurotrauma. Knowledge gaps in this emerging field are highlighted throughout, toward the goal of accelerating translational research to support optimal social functioning after a TBI during early childhood.

scholarly journals Leadership Behavior and Participation in Regional Organization Development

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-5
Author(s):  
Martin Bokase
Keyword(s):  
Social Behavior ◽  
Family Environment ◽  
Social Life ◽  
Role Model ◽  
Deviant Behavior ◽  
Leadership Behavior ◽  
Social Structures ◽  
Mental Condition ◽  
Internal Factors ◽  
The Family

This article discusses social behavior deviating from the perspective of culture, social structure, and society. Factors Shaping Social Behavior The shape of adolescent social behavior is very much influenced by how he interacts and how the conditions of the environment support and facilitate him well such as the condition of the family environment, school, and the community around him that is conducive or good, it will greatly affect the behavior. can be formed due to internal factors and individual external factors that play a role. The occurrence of cultural tension and social structures can lead to deviant behavior. This happens if, in an effort to achieve a goal a person does not get an opportunity so that he seeks the opportunity himself, deviant behavior occurs. The development of an adolescent's behavior in social life in the community. Sociologically, society, especially adolescents in general, is very vulnerable to external influences. Because of the process of finding their identity, they are easily swayed, still, find it difficult to determine their role model. They are also easily influenced by the lifestyle of the surrounding community. Because their mental condition is still unstable, adolescents are easily affected by environmental conditions so that they have an impact on their personality.

The Lived Experiences of Highly Mobile Military Adolescents in Search of Their Identity: An Interpretive Phenomenological Study

2021 ◽  
pp. 074355842110064
Author(s):  
Jennifer S. Thomas ◽  
Denise Smart ◽  
Billie Severtsen ◽  
Mel R. Haberman
Keyword(s):  
Identity Development ◽  
Social Life ◽  
Phenomenological Study ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Building Relationships ◽  
Potential Risks ◽  
Identity Crises ◽  
The Military ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Phenomenological Design

The challenges that military adolescents face, including frequent relocations, pose potential risks to their identity development. The central aim of this study is to understand the impact that frequent relocations have on the identity development of highly mobile military adolescents. Military adolescents between the ages of 16 and 18 years were interviewed. An interpretive phenomenological design was employed to inform the interview and analytic approach. An inductive approach using humanistic interpretation through Hermeneutic circles was conducted. Four overarching themes were identified, including self-perception in the world, building relationships, overwhelming emotions, and fostering healthy transitions. Several subthemes developed and gave rise to common adolescent experiences. Military adolescents facing frequent relocations experience a series of identity crises that are often masked in daily life and kept secret from peers and family. Healthy transitions require the adolescent and family to openly and repeatedly explore the impact of relocations on the inner and social life of adolescents. This study calls for future research on the military adolescent-provider relationship to explore how to better help meet the needs of this population from a health care standpoint.

scholarly journals A review of Facebook research in the social sciences

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert Edmund Wilson ◽  
Samuel D. Gosling
Keyword(s):  
Online Social Networks ◽  
Social Life ◽  
Information Disclosure ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Social Scientists ◽  
The Social ◽  
Naturalistic Setting ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Share Information

With over 800 million active users, Facebook is changing the way hundreds of millions of people relate to one another and share information. A rapidly growing body of research has accompanied the meteoric rise of Facebook as social scientists assess the impact of Facebook on social life. In addition, researchers have recognized the utility of Facebook as a novel tool to observe behavior in a naturalistic setting, test hypotheses, and recruit participants. However, research on Facebook emanates from a wide variety of disciplines, with results being published in a broad range of journals and conference proceedings, making it difficult to keep track of various findings. And because Facebook is a relatively recent phenomenon, uncertainty still exists about the most effective ways to do Facebook research. To address these issues, the authors conducted a comprehensive literature search, identifying 412 relevant articles, which were sorted into 5 categories: descriptive analysisof users, motivations for using Facebook, identity presentation, the role of Facebook in social interactions, and privacy and information disclosure. The literature review serves as the foundation from which to assess current findings and offer recommendations to the field for future research on Facebook and online social networks more broadly.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document