scholarly journals The impact of aircraft noise on vascular and cardiac function in relation to noise event number: a randomized trial

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Frank P Schmidt ◽  
Johannes Herzog ◽  
Boris Schnorbus ◽  
Mir Abolfazl Ostad ◽  
Larissa Lasetzki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cardiac Function ◽  
Vascular Function ◽  
Noise Exposure ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Sound Level ◽  
Aircraft Noise ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Polygraphic Recordings ◽  
Echocardiographic Assessment ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Aims Nighttime aircraft noise exposure has been associated with increased risk of hypertension and myocardial infarction, mechanistically linked to sleep disturbance, stress, and endothelial dysfunction. It is unclear, whether the most widely used metric to determine noise exposure, equivalent continuous sound level (Leq), is an adequate indicator of the cardiovascular impact induced by different noise patterns. Methods and results In a randomized crossover study, we exposed 70 individuals with established cardiovascular disease or increased cardiovascular risk to two aircraft noise scenarios and one control scenario. Polygraphic recordings, echocardiography, and flow-mediated dilation (FMD) were determined for three study nights. The noise patterns consisted of 60 (Noise60) and 120 (Noise120) noise events, respectively, but with comparable Leq, corresponding to a mean value of 45 dB. Mean value of noise during control nights was 37 dB. During the control night, FMD was 10.02 ± 3.75%, compared to 7.27 ± 3.21% for Noise60 nights and 7.21 ± 3.58% for Noise120 nights (P < 0.001). Sleep quality was impaired after noise exposure in both noise scenario nights (P < 0.001). Serial echocardiographic assessment demonstrated an increase in the E/E′ ratio, a measure of diastolic function, within the three exposure nights, with a ratio of 6.83 ± 2.26 for the control night, 7.21 ± 2.33 for Noise60 and 7.83 ± 3.07 for Noise120 (P = 0.043). Conclusions Nighttime exposure to aircraft noise with similar Leq, but different number of noise events, results in a comparable worsening of vascular function. Adverse effects of nighttime aircraft noise exposure on cardiac function (diastolic dysfunction) seemed stronger the higher number of noise events.

Daily fluctuations in aircraft noise exposure around civil airports and military airfields in Japan

2021 ◽  
Vol 263 (1) ◽  
pp. 5154-5160
Author(s):  
Koichi Makino ◽  
Naoaki Shinohara
Keyword(s):  
Standard Deviation ◽  
Noise Exposure ◽  
Quality Standards ◽  
Sound Level ◽  
Aircraft Noise ◽  
The Other ◽  
Yearly Average ◽  
Daily Total ◽  
Airline Flight ◽  
Monitoring Stations

In Japan, yearly average of (day-evening-night sound level) as cumulative noise index has been adopted in national noise guideline of "Environmental Quality Standards for Aircraft Noise." Daily flight movements at civil airports are almost stable because of scheduled airline flight. On the other, daily total flight movements at military airfields greatly change day to day because of training flights, etc. Thus, noise exposure around the airport may change significantly from day to day due to change of flight movement. This paper shows examples of fluctuations, frequency distribution and deviation of daily using aircraft noise monitoring data around civil airports and military airfields. In the case of civil airports, standard deviation of daily was less than 5 dB at the monitoring stations where the yearly average of were about 55 dB or more. However, the standard deviation of daily increased 10 dB or more in some cases at points where yearly average of less than 55 dB. Furthermore, in the case of military airfields, the standard deviation of daily were 5 dB or more for all monitoring stations.

Arterial stiffness and carotid distensibility following acute formaldehyde exposure in female adults

2021 ◽  
pp. 074823372110316
Author(s):  
Nina L Stute ◽  
Jonathon L Stickford ◽  
Marc A Augenreich ◽  
Kyle C Kimball ◽  
Janet M Cope ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Arterial Stiffness ◽  
Vascular Function ◽  
Intima Media Thickness ◽  
Human Cadaver ◽  
Media Thickness ◽  
Carotid Stiffness ◽  
Short Term Exposure ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Carotid Distensibility ◽  
The Impact

Formaldehyde (FA) is a ubiquitous organic preservative used in several industries and represents an occupational health hazard. Short-term exposure to FA can increase oxidative stress and cause a decrease in conduit vessel function. These decrements in vascular function may extend to the arterial architecture, predisposing individuals to increased risk of cardiovascular disease. The purpose of this study was to investigate the impact of an acute 90-minute FA exposure period (259 ± 95 ppb) on indices of arterial architecture. Arterial stiffness and carotid distensibility as determined by central pressures, augmentation index (AIx), and carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity (cfPWV) ( n=13F, 24 ± 1 year) as well as carotid stiffness and intima media thickness (IMT) ( n = 9F, 23 ± 1 year) were assessed prior to (Pre-FA) and immediately following (Post-FA) exposure to FA in human cadaver dissection laboratories. Central pressures and cfPWV (Pre-FA: 5.2 ± 0.8 m.s−1, Post-FA: 5.2 ± 1.1 m s−1) were unchanged by acute FA exposure ( p > 0.05). Carotid stiffness parameters and distension were unchanged by acute FA exposure ( p > 0.05), although distensibility (Pre-FA: 33.9 ± 10.5[10–3*kPa−1], Post-FA: 25.9 ± 5.5[10–3*kPa-1], p < 0.05), and IMT (Pre-FA: 0.42 ± 0.05 mm, Post-FA: 0.51 ± 0.11 mm, p < 0.05) decreased and increased, respectively. Individual Pre- to Post-FA changes in these markers of arterial architecture did not correlate with levels of FA exposure ([FA]: 20–473 ppb) ( p > 0.05). Our group previously found vascular function decrements following acute FA exposure in human cadaver laboratories; here we found that carotid distensibility and intima media thickness are altered following FA exposure.

Environmental Noise and Annoyance in the Urban Area at Different Time Intervals

2014 ◽  
Vol 617 ◽  
pp. 110-115 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ľubica Argalášová ◽  
Jana Jurkovičová ◽  
Ludmila Ševčíková ◽  
Zuzana Štefániková ◽  
Katarína Hirošová ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Noise Exposure ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Environmental Noise ◽  
Economic Transformation ◽  
Sound Level ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Road Traffic Noise ◽  
Residential Areas ◽  
The Impact

Environmental (community) noise, particularly road traffic noise, has attracted widespread attention in recent decades as a major environmental health concern. The aim of the study was to determine the impact of environmental noise on psychosocial well-being of young healthy individuals and to follow the time trends of exposure in the period of 10, 15, 20, 25 years. The validated methodology was used to assess noise annoyance, interference with activities and sleep disturbance; the objectification of noise levels was done by direct measurement using sound level analyzer with a module for frequency analysis. The results revealed the sharp increase during the years 1989 and 1999 (the period of political and socio-economic transformation and the changes in traffic management) and the decrease in the year 2013. The findings of our study indicate the need for preventive measures to reduce environmental noise exposure in residential areas and to emphasize the importance of the elaboration of methods for environmental noise exposure risk assessment.

scholarly journals Surrounded by Sound: The Impact of Tinnitus on Musicians

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (17) ◽  
pp. 9036
Author(s):  
Georgina Burns-O’Connell ◽  
David Stockdale ◽  
Oscar Cassidy ◽  
Victoria Knowles ◽  
Derek J. Hoare
Keyword(s):  
Hearing Loss ◽  
General Population ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Noise Exposure ◽  
Population Data ◽  
Professional Musicians ◽  
Professional Musician ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Hearing Health ◽  
The Impact

AIM: To investigate the impact of tinnitus on professional musicians in the UK. BACKGROUND: Tinnitus is the experience of sound when an external source is absent, primarily associated with the ageing process, hearing loss, and noise exposure. Amongst populations exposed to industrial noise, noise exposure and noise-induced hearing loss (NIHL) have been found to be the factors most associated with tinnitus. The risk of NIHL amongst professional musicians is greater than that amongst the general population, meaning they may be at increased risk of tinnitus. METHODS: Seventy-four professional musicians completed an online survey involving closed and open-ended questions, and completed the Tinnitus fuctional Index (TFI) questionnaire. Descriptive statistics and thematic analysis of open-ended qualitative responses were used to analyse the data. RESULTS: Three themes were generated from the analysis of the responses to the open-ended questions. These themes were: (1) the impact of tinnitus on the lives of professional musicians, (2) professional musician experience of tinnitus services, support, and hearing health and safety, and (3) the support professional musicians want. The mean global TFI score for professional musicians was 39.05, interpreted as tinnitus being a moderate problem. Comparisons with general population data revealed lower TFI scores for the TFI subscales of ‘sense of control’ and ‘intrusiveness’ for professional musicians and higher for auditory difficulties associated with tinnitus amongst professional musicians. CONCLUSION: Tinnitus can negatively impact on professional musicians’ lives. There is a need for bespoke self-help groups, awareness raising, and education to prevent tinnitus and promote hearing health among musicians.

scholarly journals RESEARCH ON EMERGING AND DESCENDING AIRCRAFT NOISE / KYLANČIŲ IR BESILEIDŽIANČIŲ ORLAIVIŲ KELIAMO TRIUKŠMO TYRIMAI

2013 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 337-342
Author(s):  
Monika Bartkevičiūtė ◽  
Raimondas Grubliauskas
Keyword(s):  
Negative Impact ◽  
Traffic Noise ◽  
Aircraft Engine ◽  
Sound Level ◽  
Aircraft Noise ◽  
Large Radius ◽  
Sound Levels ◽  
Conducting Research ◽  
High Level ◽  
The Impact

Along with an increase in the aircraft engine power and growth in air traffic, noise level at airports and their surrounding environs significantly increases. Aircraft noise is high level noise spreading within large radius and intensively irritating the human body. Air transport is one of the main sources of noise having a particularly strong negative impact on the environment. The article deals with activities and noises taking place in the largest nationwide Vilnius International Airport.The level of noise and its dispersion was evaluated conducting research on the noise generated by emerging and descending aircrafts in National Vilnius Airport. Investigation was carried out at 2 measuring points located in a residential area. There are different types of aircrafts causing different sound levels. It has been estimated the largest exceedances that occur when an aircraft is approaching. In this case, the noisiest types of aircrafts are B733, B738 and AT72. The sound level varies from 70 to 85 dBA. The quietest aircrafts are RJ1H and F70. When taking off, the equivalent of the maximum sound level value of these aircrafts does not exceed the authorized limits. The paper describes the causes of noise in aircrafts, the sources of origin and the impact of noise on humans and the environment. Article in Lithuanian. Santrauka Padidėjus orlaivių variklių galiai ir daugėjant skrydžių, labai padidėjo oro uostuose ir šalia jų esančiose apylinkėse skleidžiamo triukšmo lygis. Lėktuvo keliamas triukšmas išsiskiria aukštu garso slėgio lygiu bei dideliu spinduliu sklindančiu garsu ir yra labiausiai dirginantis žmogaus organizmą. Orlaivių transportas – vienas pagrindinių triukšmo šaltinių, darantis ypač didelę neigiamą įtaką aplinkai. Nagrinėjamas Tarptautiniame Vilniaus oro uoste kylančių ir tupiančių orlaivių keliamas triukšmas. Triukšmo tyrimai atlikti gyvenamojoje aplinkoje greta oro uosto parinktose matavimo vietose. Pateikiami įvairių orlaivių tipų sukeliamo garso stiprumo – garso slėgio lygiai. Didžiausias leistinųjų verčių viršijimas nustatomas orlaiviams leidžiantis. Triukšmingiausi B733, B738 ir AT72 tipo orlaiviai – garso slėgio lygis 70–85 dBA. Vieni tyliausių orlaivių – RJ1H ir F70. Jiems kylant ekvivalentinės ir maksimalios garso slėgio lygio reikšmės neviršija leidžiamųjų. Aprašomos orlaivių keliamo triukšmo priežastys, kilimo šaltiniai. Nagrinėjamas triukšmo poveikis žmogui ir aplinkai.

scholarly journals PROBABILITY OF OCCURRENCE OF HEALTH AND SAFETY RISKS ON SCAFFOLDING CAUSED BY NOISE EXPOSURE

2018 ◽  
Vol 24 (6) ◽  
pp. 437-443 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marek Jabłoński ◽  
Iwona Szer ◽  
Jacek Szer
Keyword(s):  
Noise Exposure ◽  
Health And Safety ◽  
Noise Pollution ◽  
Sound Level ◽  
Work Environments ◽  
Exposure Level ◽  
Sound Levels ◽  
Safety Risks ◽  
Noise Measurements ◽  
The Impact

The paper presents the results of measurements for one hundred and ten scaffolds located in five cities in different parts of Poland. Measurements were made between April of 2016 and October of 2017. The environmental tests performed on scaffoldings were focused mainly on the sound level. The parameters on which we base our analysis are the value of C-weighted peak sound levels and daily noise exposure level. The noise that affects construction workers on scaffolding may influence the behaviour of workers and increase the risk of accidents. And at the same time, noise exposure laws facilitate identification of high noise-emitting activities and provide effective preventive measures that reduce noise pollution and improve work environments. The analyses carried out confirmed the qualitatively expected dependencies, and allowed us to quantify the impact of noise to which scaffolding workers are exposed. In summary, noise measurements on scaffoldings can be a valuable aid in improving working conditions. The analysis of research results allows understanding hazards related to noise in an accessible way. They provide the opportunity to modify the professional environment so that it is more employee-friendly and does not expose them to problems occurring in a noisy work environment.

Long-term transportation noise exposure and incidence of ischaemic heart disease and stroke: a cohort study

2019 ◽  
pp. oemed-2018-105333 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrei Pyko ◽  
Niklas Andersson ◽  
Charlotta Eriksson ◽  
Ulf de Faire ◽  
Tomas Lind ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Study ◽  
Heart Disease ◽  
Ischaemic Heart Disease ◽  
Noise Exposure ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
Cox Proportional Hazards ◽  
Aircraft Noise ◽  
Transportation Noise ◽  
Increased Risk

BackgroundThere is limited evidence from longitudinal studies on transportation noise from different sources and development of ischaemic heart disease (IHD) and stroke.ObjectivesThis cohort study assessed associations between exposure to noise from road traffic, railway or aircraft and incidence of IHD and stroke.MethodsIn a cohort of 20 012 individuals from Stockholm County, we estimated long-term residential exposure to road traffic, railway and aircraft noise. National Patient and Cause-of-Death Registers were used to identify IHD and stroke events. Information on risk factors was obtained from questionnaires and registers. Adjusted HR for cardiovascular outcomes related to source-specific noise exposure were computed using Cox proportional hazards regression.ResultsNo clear or consistent associations were observed between transportation noise and incidence of IHD or stroke. However, noise exposure from road traffic and aircraft was related to IHD incidence in women, with HR of 1.11 (95% CI 1.00 to 1.22) and 1.25 (95% CI 1.09 to 1.44) per 10 dB Lden, respectively. For both sexes taken together, we observed a particularly high risk of IHD in those exposed to all three transportation noise sources at≥45 dB Lden, with a HR of 1.57 (95% CI 1.06 to 2.32), and a similar tendency for stroke (HR 1.42; 95% CI 0.87 to 2.32).ConclusionNo overall associations were observed between transportation noise exposure and incidence of IHD or stroke. However, there appeared to be an increased risk of IHD in women exposed to road traffic or aircraft noise as well as in those exposed to multiple sources of transportation noise.

Flow-mediated vasodilation is impaired in adult rat offspring exposed to prenatal hypoxia

2011 ◽  
Vol 110 (4) ◽  
pp. 1073-1082 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. S. Morton ◽  
C. F. Rueda-Clausen ◽  
S. T. Davidge
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Diseases ◽  
Vascular Function ◽  
Vascular Dysfunction ◽  
Female Offspring ◽  
Mesenteric Arteries ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Adult Rat ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
The Impact

There is now a demonstrated association between low birth weight and increased mortality later in life. Changes in fetal development may program the cardiovascular system and lead to an increased risk of cardiovascular diseases later in life. In addition, aging is a risk factor for vascular endothelial-dependent dysfunction. However, the impact of being born intrauterine growth restricted (IUGR) on the normal aging mechanisms of vascular dysfunction is not clear. We hypothesized that IUGR would cause changes in vascular function that would affect the mechanisms of flow-induced vasodilation later in life in an age- or sex-dependent manner. To create an IUGR model, pregnant Sprague-Dawley rats were placed in a hypoxic (11.5% O2) or control (room air, 21% O2) environment from days 15 to 21 of pregnancy. Both male and female offspring were investigated at 4 or 12 mo of age. Vascular function was assessed in small mesenteric arteries using flow-induced vasodilation, a physiological stimuli of vasodilation, in a pressure myograph. Flow-induced vasodilation was unaffected at a young age, but was significantly reduced in aging IUGR compared with aging controls ( P < 0.05). Underlying vasodilator mechanisms were altered such that nitric oxide-mediated vasodilation was abolished in both young adult and aging IUGR males and females and in aging control females ( P > 0.05). Endothelium-derived hyperpolarizing factor-mediated vasodilation was maintained in all groups ( P < 0.01). A change in the mechanisms of vasodilation occurring at an earlier age in IUGR offspring may predispose them to develop cardiovascular diseases as an aging adult.

scholarly journals Noise-Induced Vascular Dysfunction, Oxidative Stress, and Inflammation Are Improved by Pharmacological Modulation of the NRF2/HO-1 Axis

Antioxidants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 625
Author(s):  
Maria Teresa Bayo Jimenez ◽  
Katie Frenis ◽  
Swenja Kröller-Schön ◽  
Marin Kuntic ◽  
Paul Stamm ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Sound Pressure Level ◽  
Vascular Function ◽  
Sound Pressure ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Noise Exposure ◽  
Vascular Dysfunction ◽  
Pressure Level ◽  
Aircraft Noise ◽  
Heme Oxygenase 1

Vascular oxidative stress, inflammation, and subsequent endothelial dysfunction are consequences of traditional cardiovascular risk factors, all of which contribute to cardiovascular disease. Environmental stressors, such as traffic noise and air pollution, may also facilitate the development and progression of cardiovascular and metabolic diseases. In our previous studies, we investigated the influence of aircraft noise exposure on molecular mechanisms, identifying oxidative stress and inflammation as central players in mediating vascular function. The present study investigates the role of heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) as an antioxidant response preventing vascular consequences following exposure to aircraft noise. C57BL/6J mice were treated with the HO-1 inducer hemin (25 mg/kg i.p.) or the NRF2 activator dimethyl fumarate (DMF, 20 mg/kg p.o.). During therapy, the animals were exposed to noise at a maximum sound pressure level of 85 dB(A) and a mean sound pressure level of 72 dB(A). Our data showed a marked protective effect of both treatments on animals exposed to noise for 4 days by normalization of arterial hypertension and vascular dysfunction in the noise-exposed groups. We observed a partial normalization of noise-triggered oxidative stress and inflammation by hemin and DMF therapy, which was associated with HO-1 induction. The present study identifies possible new targets for the mitigation of the adverse health effects caused by environmental noise exposure. Since natural dietary constituents can achieve HO-1 and NRF2 induction, these pathways represent promising targets for preventive measures.

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