scholarly journals The Effect of Nonessentialist Beliefs About Aging on Health Behavior Intentions

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 326-326
Author(s):  
Ga-Eun (Grace) Oh
Keyword(s):  
Health Behaviors ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Aging Process ◽  
Fruits And Vegetables ◽  
Health Promoting Behaviors ◽  
Behavior Intentions ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
Health Promoting ◽  
Health Behavior Intentions ◽  
Positive Effect

Abstract Globally, as people expect the longer life expectancy than ever before, people have increasing concerns about their health and aging. Although what people believe regarding aging can affect their health behaviors, limited research has investigated which beliefs regarding aging influence health behaviors. Previous research has shown that essentialist beliefs about aging reflect beliefs that the aging process is fixed, while nonessentialist beliefs about aging reflect the beliefs that the aging process is rather malleable. Since beliefs in nonessentialism regarding aging imply the benefits of health-promoting behaviors, we examine if manipulating nonessentialist beliefs about aging could contribute to intentions to engage in health behaviors. We also investigate if age and income might moderate the effect of nonessentialist beliefs. We conducted an experiment with a sample of American participants of varied ages (n = 599). The results showed that compared to essentialist beliefs, nonessentialist beliefs regarding aging significantly increased an intention to eat healthy food but they did not improve intentions of other health-promoting behaviors in terms of regular exercise and consumption of fruits and vegetables. Income moderated the effect of essentialist beliefs on an intention to eat fruits and vegetables. Specifically, nonessentialist beliefs had a positive effect among high-income people but rendered a negative effect among low-income people. Together, the present findings provide initial evidence that nonessentialist beliefs have a potential to promote health behaviors and call for the further investigation of the effects of educating nonessentialist beliefs on actual health behaviors and the boundary conditions of the effects.

scholarly journals Childhood Socioeconomic Position, Adult Educational Attainment and Health Behaviors: The Role of Psychological Capital and Health Literacy

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (17) ◽  
pp. 9399
Author(s):  
Karlijn Massar ◽  
Natalie Kopplin ◽  
Karen Schelleman-Offermans
Keyword(s):  
Health Literacy ◽  
Health Behaviors ◽  
Educational Attainment ◽  
Socioeconomic Position ◽  
Fruits And Vegetables ◽  
Psychological Capital ◽  
Lifestyle Behaviors ◽  
Health Promoting Behaviors ◽  
Health Promoting ◽  
The Relationship

Socioeconomic circumstances during childhood and adulthood are known to negatively affect health promoting behaviors. On the other hand, psychological capital (PsyCap) and health literacy are positively associated with these lifestyle behaviors. We, therefore, reasoned that PsyCap and health literacy might “buffer” the negative influences of socioeconomic circumstances on health-promoting behaviors. Method: We measured subjective childhood socioeconomic position (SEP) and adult educational attainment (as a proxy for adult socioeconomic circumstances), health literacy, PsyCap, and health behaviors (fruits and vegetables consumption, exercise, and sweets and cookies consumption) in a sample of N = 150 individuals (mean age 34.98 years, 66.7% female). Results: Bootstrapped mediation analyses including PsyCap and health literacy as parallel mediators revealed that: (I) The relationship between childhood SEP and (a) fruits and vegetables consumption and (b) exercise was mediated by PsyCap, and (II) the relationship between adult educational attainment and (a) fruits and vegetables consumption and (b) exercise was mediated by PsyCap and health literacy. We found no significant effects for consumption of sweets and cookies. Conclusion: These results suggest that larger studies are warranted that confirm the potential of PsyCap and health literacy in mitigating the negative effects of lower SEP on health behaviors and health outcomes.

Lay theories of health, self-rated health, and health behavior intentions

2017 ◽  
Vol 24 (7) ◽  
pp. 979-988 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kathryn Bunda ◽  
Michael A Busseri
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
Experimental Design ◽  
Health Promoting Behaviors ◽  
Self Rated Health ◽  
Behavior Intentions ◽  
Health Promoting ◽  
Fixed Condition ◽  
And Control ◽  
Health Behavior Intentions ◽  
Over Time

We used an experimental design to examine young adults’ ( N = 247; M age = 19.71; 86% female) intentions to engage in health-promoting behaviors in relation to beliefs concerning whether health is malleable or fixed, and how their health is unfolding over time. Individuals in the incremental (health is malleable) and control conditions viewed their health as improving over time; those in the entity (health is fixed) condition viewed their health as relatively stable. Individuals with more incremental theories of health and those who viewed their health as improving over time (particularly past to present) reported stronger health-promoting behavior intentions.

Between-country inequalities in health lifestyles

2021 ◽  
pp. 002071522110413
Author(s):  
Tom VanHeuvelen ◽  
Jane S VanHeuvelen
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Health Behaviors ◽  
European Social Survey ◽  
Living Condition ◽  
Social Survey ◽  
Health Promoting Behaviors ◽  
Health Lifestyles ◽  
Health Promoting ◽  
Multiple Health ◽  
Representative Samples

How does engagement in multiple health behaviors consolidate into health promoting health lifestyles, and how does economic development provide a broadly shared living condition to enable participation in health promoting health lifestyles? To answer these questions, we harmonize information from the 2011 International Social Survey Programme and the 2014 European Social Survey to examine patterns of health lifestyles and subsequent associations with self-rated health in representative samples of 52 country-years nested in 35 countries, with repeated observations from 17 countries. We find individuals engage more frequently in health promoting behaviors in countries with higher levels of economic development. Moreover, we find a tighter connection between health lifestyles and health in countries with higher levels of economic development. Critically, we move health lifestyles research forward by testing the consequences of within country changes in economic development, finding that growth in economic development increases the engagement of health promoting health behaviors. Policy and theoretical implications are discussed.

scholarly journals Political Consequences of Survival Strategies among the Urban Poor

2018 ◽  
Vol 83 (5) ◽  
pp. 869-896 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthew Desmond ◽  
Adam Travis
Keyword(s):  
Social Interaction ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Urban Poor ◽  
Survival Strategies ◽  
Political Capacity ◽  
Political Consequences ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
Micro Level ◽  
Positive Effect ◽  
Participatory Inequality

Combining ethnographic and statistical methods, this study identifies interlocking mechanisms that help explain how disadvantaged neighborhoods influence their residents’ political capacity. Support systems that arise in low-income neighborhoods promote social interaction that helps people make ends meet, but these systems also expose residents to heavy doses of adversity, which dampens perceptions of collective political capacity. For the poorest residents of these neighborhoods in particular, the expected positive effect of informal social support is suppressed by the negative effect of perceived trauma. These findings present a micro-level account of poverty, social interaction, and political capacity, one that holds implications for scholarship and public policy on participatory inequality.

Mediating role of coping styles in the relationship between anxiety and health behaviors of obese adolescents

2012 ◽  
Vol 43 (2) ◽  
pp. 145-150 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michał Ziarko ◽  
Łukasz Kaczmarek ◽  
Ewa Mojs
Keyword(s):  
Health Behaviors ◽  
Coping Styles ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Coping With Stress ◽  
Health Promoting Behaviors ◽  
Obese Adolescents ◽  
Mediating Role ◽  
Health Promoting ◽  
The Relationship

Mediating role of coping styles in the relationship between anxiety and health behaviors of obese adolescents Obesity is one of the major health problems in adolescents. Health-detrimental lifestyle (i.e. lack of physical activity, inappropriate nutrition) as well as maladaptive styles of coping with stress are regarded as belonging among determinants of obesity. The aim of the study was to establish factors mediating between anxiety and diet-related health behaviors. Participants in the study were 113 adolescents with obesity whose body weight was over 97th centile. They were examined using a set of self-report questionnaires to measure anxiety, coping styles and health behaviors. Emotion-focused coping and seeking social contacts (social diversion) were found to act as mediators between adolescents' trait anxiety and their health behaviors. The findings suggest that to enhance obese adolescents' health-promoting behaviors appropriate conditions should be ensured that would not only enable them to express their emotions, but also promote their socializing with peers.

Identifying Key Elements to Inform the Development of an HIV Health Behavior Maintenance Intervention

2016 ◽  
Vol 32 (1) ◽  
pp. 48-58 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephen J. Hile ◽  
Matthew B. Feldman ◽  
Amanda R. Raker ◽  
Mary K. Irvine
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Self Management ◽  
People Living With Hiv ◽  
Health Promoting Behaviors ◽  
Management Intervention ◽  
Management Interventions ◽  
Health Promoting ◽  
Maintenance Intervention ◽  
Behavior Maintenance

Purpose: To collect information that will inform the development of an intervention to support the maintenance of HIV-related health-promoting behaviors. Design: Focused, in-depth individual and group interviews. Setting: The New York City (NYC) Department of Health and Mental Hygiene (DOHMH) and DOHMH-funded community-based organizations that primarily serve low-income people living with HIV within the five boroughs of NYC. Participants: A total of 42 individuals who had participated in The Positive Life Workshop—an HIV self-management intervention adapted and implemented by the NYC DOHMH. Method: Purposive sampling was used to recruit study participants. Five 60- to 90-minute focus groups (n = 38) and 4 individual interviews were conducted to assess motivations for and barriers to maintaining HIV-related health-promoting behaviors and to elicit feedback on the content and format for the proposed maintenance intervention. Thematic analysis was used to summarize the data. Results: Participants reported that relationships with family, a responsibility to protect others from HIV, and faith/spirituality supported the maintenance of health-promoting behaviors. Barriers to behavior maintenance included substance use and mental health issues. Meeting in small groups was also highlighted as a motivator to sustaining health behaviors, particularly in decreasing isolation and receiving affirmation from others. Conclusion: Participants identified several factors that could be incorporated into an intervention to support HIV-related health-promoting behavior maintenance that could supplement existing HIV self-management interventions.

scholarly journals Computer Tablet Games’ Effect on Young Children’s Self-Concept

2017 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 116
Author(s):  
Ruba Abdel Matloub Moawad
Keyword(s):  
Low Income ◽  
Self Concept ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Post Test ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
Tablet Device ◽  
Electronic Games ◽  
Test Increase ◽  
Positive Effect ◽  
Experimental Group

Playing in general has a positive effect on child development; yet with the advancement of technology, the way children play has changed, and the effects of their play have changed as well. Some studies have shown an overall negative effect of electronic games, while others have reported the opposite. This study aims to investigate the effects of tablet-based electronic games on the child’s self-concept. Twenty-six children between the ages of 4 and 6 years from low-income backgrounds participated. They were divided into two groups; in the experimental group, children were given a tablet device with 10 educational electronic games on it, and the mothers were instructed to let them play the games for less than three hours a day in a normal home situation. The control group was not given any electronic devices. A pre- and post-pictorial measure of self-concept was used. The overall results showed no gains in self-concept for the experimental group and no differences between the groups, except in the domain of curiosity, where the control group children experienced a pre- to post-test increase.

Outcomes of a Community-Wide Health Intervention in a Low-Income, Primarily Hispanic Community: The Go! Austin/Vamos! Austin (GAVA) Initiative

2020 ◽  
pp. 152483992096136
Author(s):  
Nalini Ranjit ◽  
Aida Nielsen ◽  
Nika Akhavan ◽  
Laurence Denis ◽  
Kathryn Janda ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Low Income ◽  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Nutrition Intervention ◽  
Social Environments ◽  
Health Promoting Behaviors ◽  
High Exposure ◽  
Hispanic Community ◽  
Intervention Community ◽  
Control Community ◽  
Health Promoting

Objectives To describe outcomes of a 4-year physical activity (PA) and nutrition intervention (2013–2017) in Dove Springs, a low-income urban community in Texas. Method Go! Austin/Vamos! Austin is a place-based intervention targeting the built and social environments of PA and nutrition. Baseline and follow-up measures related to PA and nutrition were obtained from 357 parent–child dyads (final n = 236) in the intervention community and a control community. A three-level dose of exposure measure was created to indicate the amount of exposure to intervention activities across the 4 years. Pre–post changes in key outcomes by level of exposure and contrasts across “high exposure” and “no exposure” categories were obtained using repeated-measures regression, adjusting for important confounders. Results “High exposure” adult participants showed consistently more favorable changes than “no exposure” participants across a variety of indicators, including positive perceptions and utilization of community PA resources, amount of moderate PA, utilization of retail outlets offering fresh produce, and measures of healthy eating. Few improvements were seen in child-level outcomes. Conclusions Community interventions can successfully improve health-promoting behaviors provided they ensure sufficient dose of exposure.

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