scholarly journals Political Consequences of Survival Strategies among the Urban Poor

2018 ◽  
Vol 83 (5) ◽  
pp. 869-896 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthew Desmond ◽  
Adam Travis
Keyword(s):  
Social Interaction ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Urban Poor ◽  
Survival Strategies ◽  
Political Capacity ◽  
Political Consequences ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
Micro Level ◽  
Positive Effect ◽  
Participatory Inequality

Combining ethnographic and statistical methods, this study identifies interlocking mechanisms that help explain how disadvantaged neighborhoods influence their residents’ political capacity. Support systems that arise in low-income neighborhoods promote social interaction that helps people make ends meet, but these systems also expose residents to heavy doses of adversity, which dampens perceptions of collective political capacity. For the poorest residents of these neighborhoods in particular, the expected positive effect of informal social support is suppressed by the negative effect of perceived trauma. These findings present a micro-level account of poverty, social interaction, and political capacity, one that holds implications for scholarship and public policy on participatory inequality.

scholarly journals Computer Tablet Games’ Effect on Young Children’s Self-Concept

2017 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 116
Author(s):  
Ruba Abdel Matloub Moawad
Keyword(s):  
Low Income ◽  
Self Concept ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Post Test ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
Tablet Device ◽  
Electronic Games ◽  
Test Increase ◽  
Positive Effect ◽  
Experimental Group

Playing in general has a positive effect on child development; yet with the advancement of technology, the way children play has changed, and the effects of their play have changed as well. Some studies have shown an overall negative effect of electronic games, while others have reported the opposite. This study aims to investigate the effects of tablet-based electronic games on the child’s self-concept. Twenty-six children between the ages of 4 and 6 years from low-income backgrounds participated. They were divided into two groups; in the experimental group, children were given a tablet device with 10 educational electronic games on it, and the mothers were instructed to let them play the games for less than three hours a day in a normal home situation. The control group was not given any electronic devices. A pre- and post-pictorial measure of self-concept was used. The overall results showed no gains in self-concept for the experimental group and no differences between the groups, except in the domain of curiosity, where the control group children experienced a pre- to post-test increase.

scholarly journals Mobile Money and the Impact of Mobile Phone Regulatory Enforcement Among the Urban Poor in Tanzania

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 22-44
Author(s):  
Laura Stark
Keyword(s):  
Mobile Phone ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Urban Poor ◽  
Survival Strategies ◽  
Regulatory Enforcement ◽  
Mobile Money ◽  
The Poor ◽  
Home Based ◽  
Urban Conditions ◽  
The Impact

Mobile money provides a tool for survival, particularly in urban conditions shaped by city regulations that make microvending difficult for the poor. An analysis of 165 interviews conducted in two low-income neighborhoods in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania over 8 years demonstrates how interlocked layers of technology and interaction make mobile money services semiformal. I introduce two mobile money-enabled survival strategies: intrahousehold transfers for day-to-day survival (transfers within the same city) and resource safeguarding through kin remittances of start-up capital (home-based subsistence business capital stored for kin access in emergencies). The recent tightening of mobile phone regulations in the global South has disrupted users’ multilevel and formal/informal-hybrid infrastructures of money movement in these communities. Such tougher regulations could result in a new digital divide that hinders rather than facilitates the financial inclusion of the poor.

Livelihood Patterns and Survival Strategies of the Poor in Kolkata

Social Change ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 48 (3) ◽  
pp. 345-366
Author(s):  
Saswati Chaudhuri
Keyword(s):  
Household Income ◽  
Urban Poor ◽  
Survival Strategies ◽  
Transport Sector ◽  
Probit Regression ◽  
Field Surveys ◽  
Urban Workers ◽  
Self Employment ◽  
Level Data ◽  
Micro Level

The urban poor living a life of uncertainty and insecurity throughout the year, are compelled to adopt various survival strategies to meet the challenges of their daily existence. In our study, micro-level data gathered through field surveys conducted in Kolkata’s slums was used to develop an understanding of the multi-dimensional nature of poverty and the diversification of these livelihood strategies. It was observed that a major chunk of workers earn their livelihood through physical labour, although income levels differ across and within occupational categories. As households move up the economic ladder, the contribution to the total household income from domestic work and scavenging declines, while that from self-employment rises. The transport sector workers, however, defy such trends. Using probit regression, we examined the determinants of the choice of modes of employment by poor urban workers, and note that more educated workers heading large households and having their fathers engaged in self-employment made them more likely to be involved in forms of self-employment activities.

scholarly journals ENVIRONMENTAL UNCERTAINTY IN MODERATING BUDGETARY PARTICIPATION AND ORGANIZATIONAL COMMITMENT TO BUDGETARY SLACK

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 400
Author(s):  
Putu Kepramareni ◽  
Ida Ayu Nyoman Yuliastuti ◽  
Gusti Ayu Ari Dewi
Keyword(s):  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Organizational Commitment ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Environmental Uncertainty ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Budgetary Slack ◽  
Analysis Technique ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
Budgetary Participation ◽  
Positive Effect

Budgetary slack is done to facilitate the achievement of the budget by budgeting low income and high budgeting. This study aims to determine the effect of budgetary participation and organizational commitment on budgetary slack with environmental uncertainty as a moderating variable. The population used in this study was 19 Starred Hotels in Ubud Gianyar with a total of 2,151 employees. The method of determining the sample using a purposive sampling technique, so that the sample used is as many as 152 employees found in 19 Starred Hotels in Ubud, Gianyar. Data collection was carried out using a questionnaire. The analysis technique used is MRA (Moderated Regression Analysis). The results showed that budgetary participation had a positive effect on budgetary slack, while organizational commitment had a negative effect on budgetary slack. Environmental uncertainty can strengthen the influence of budgetary participation on budgetary slack, and environmental uncertainty can weaken the influence of organizational commitment on budgetary slack.

scholarly journals Determinan keputusan pembelian rumah sederhana di Kota Palembang

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 11-18
Author(s):  
Maya Fusfita ◽  
Saadah Yuliana ◽  
Imelda Imelda
Keyword(s):  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Odds Ratio ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
Residential House ◽  
The Government ◽  
Positive Effect ◽  
Housing Facilities

The development will be the needs of the house continue to increase due to the increasing number of population. Therefore, the needs of the development of a simple home shown to low income people that done by the government through the developers continue to built.This study aim to analyze the factors which are presumed to influence the house purchaser to purchase a simple redisential house in Sematang Borang District. This research uses primary data with samples as much as 110 respondents. The research used logistic-regression as the analyzing tool. The estimation results indicate that the location of the house has a non-significant and positive effect effect; the price suitability has a significant and positive effect; while the housing facilities has a non-significant and negative effect toward the decision of the purchaser. The most dominant variable in influencing the purchaser decision is the price suitability, with 1,96 odds ratio, which means that the decision of purchasing the simple residential house is 1,96 times compared to not purchasing the simple residential house

scholarly journals The Effect of Nonessentialist Beliefs About Aging on Health Behavior Intentions

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 326-326
Author(s):  
Ga-Eun (Grace) Oh
Keyword(s):  
Health Behaviors ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Aging Process ◽  
Fruits And Vegetables ◽  
Health Promoting Behaviors ◽  
Behavior Intentions ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
Health Promoting ◽  
Health Behavior Intentions ◽  
Positive Effect

Abstract Globally, as people expect the longer life expectancy than ever before, people have increasing concerns about their health and aging. Although what people believe regarding aging can affect their health behaviors, limited research has investigated which beliefs regarding aging influence health behaviors. Previous research has shown that essentialist beliefs about aging reflect beliefs that the aging process is fixed, while nonessentialist beliefs about aging reflect the beliefs that the aging process is rather malleable. Since beliefs in nonessentialism regarding aging imply the benefits of health-promoting behaviors, we examine if manipulating nonessentialist beliefs about aging could contribute to intentions to engage in health behaviors. We also investigate if age and income might moderate the effect of nonessentialist beliefs. We conducted an experiment with a sample of American participants of varied ages (n = 599). The results showed that compared to essentialist beliefs, nonessentialist beliefs regarding aging significantly increased an intention to eat healthy food but they did not improve intentions of other health-promoting behaviors in terms of regular exercise and consumption of fruits and vegetables. Income moderated the effect of essentialist beliefs on an intention to eat fruits and vegetables. Specifically, nonessentialist beliefs had a positive effect among high-income people but rendered a negative effect among low-income people. Together, the present findings provide initial evidence that nonessentialist beliefs have a potential to promote health behaviors and call for the further investigation of the effects of educating nonessentialist beliefs on actual health behaviors and the boundary conditions of the effects.

Working Memory, Mental Prospection, Time Orientation, and Cognitive Insight

2013 ◽  
Vol 34 (3) ◽  
pp. 159-169 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sevtap Cinan ◽  
Aslı Doğan
Keyword(s):  
Working Memory ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Factor Model ◽  
Time Orientation ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Cognitive Insight ◽  
Confirmatory Factor ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
Positive Effect ◽  
Three Factor

This research is new in its attempt to take future time orientation, morningness orientation, and prospective memory as measures of mental prospection, and to examine a three-factor model that assumes working memory, mental prospection, and cognitive insight are independent but related higher-order cognitive constructs by using confirmatory factor analysis (CFA). The three-factor model produced a good fit to the data. An alternative one-factor model was tested and rejected. The results suggest that working memory and cognitive insight are distinguishable, related constructs, and that both are distinct from, but negatively associated with, mental prospection. In addition, structural equation modeling (SEM) showed that working memory had a strong positive effect on cognitive insight and a moderate negative effect on mental prospection.

Estimasi Pengaruh Faktor Internal Bank dan Stabilitas Makroekonomi terhadap Profitabilitas dengan Mediasi Rasio Pembiayaan Bermasalah di PT Bank Muamalat Indonesia

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 93-108
Author(s):  
Annisa Siti Fathonah ◽  
Dadang Hermawan
Keyword(s):  
Secondary Data ◽  
Financial Statements ◽  
Significant Positive Effect ◽  
Return On Assets ◽  
Internal Factors ◽  
Macroeconomic Factors ◽  
Operating Income ◽  
Significant Negative Effect ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
Positive Effect

This study aims to determine and analyze how much influence the bank's internal factors such as Equity, Operational Costs per Operating Income (BOPO), Financing Deposit to Ratio (FDR), Non Performing Financing (NPF) as a mediator and external or macroeconomic factors namely inflation and Gross Domestic Product (GDP) on profitability represented by Return on Assets (ROA) at Bank Muamalat Indonesia for the period 2008-2018. The data used in this research are secondary data obtained from the publication of quarterly financial statements from 2008 to quarter 2 of 2018. The method that used in this research is path analysis with SPSS 20.0 as the analytical tool. The results of the study partially test the hypothesis (t-test), in substructure I shows that the capital variable has a significant negative effect on NPF, BOPO and inflation has a significant positive effect on NPF, FDR and GDP do not significantly influence NPF at Bank Muamalat Indonesia. In substructure II partially, Capital, BOPO, significant negative effect on ROA, FDR and NPF has a significant positive effect on ROA, Inflation and GDP does not significantly influence ROA while simultaneously significantly influencing ROA. Based on the sobel test, capital has a significant effect on ROA through NPF, BOPO has a significant effect on ROA through NPF, FDR has a significant effect on ROA through NPF, Inflation has a significant effect on ROA through NPF, while GDP has no significant effect on ROA through NPF.

Employee Engagement Dan Stress Kerja Pengaruhnya Terhadap Kepuasan Kerja Dan Turnover Intention di Aman Villas Nusa Dua – Bali

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 60-79
Author(s):  
Wayan Arya Paramarta ◽  
Ni Putu Kurnia Darmayanti
Keyword(s):  
Job Satisfaction ◽  
Employee Engagement ◽  
Work Stress ◽  
Turnover Intention ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Qualitative And Quantitative ◽  
Library Research ◽  
Analysis Technique ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
Positive Effect

The aims of this study was to explain the effect of employee engagement and work stress on job satisfaction and turnover intention at Aman Villas Nusa Dua-Bali. The type of data used in this study is qualitative and quantitative data, with data sources namely primary and secondary data. Data collection method is interview, distributing questionnaires to respondents and library research, while the data analysis technique used Smart PLS 3.2.8. The results of this study showed that employee engagement had a positive effect and significant on job satisfaction, work stress had a negative effect but not significant on job satisfaction, employee engagement had a negative effect and significant on turnover intention, work stress had a positive effect and significant on turnover intention, job satisfaction had a negative effect but not significant on turnover intention, employee engagement had a positive effect but not significant on turnover intention trough job satisfaction, work stress had a positive effect but not significant on turnover intention trough job satisfaction at Aman Villas Nusa Dua-Bali.

The Factors Influencing Tourist Visitations Number in Curug Silawe

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 553-561
Author(s):  
Novian Hangga Prakosa ◽  
Fafurida Fafurida
Keyword(s):  
Economic Value ◽  
Consumer Surplus ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Travel Cost ◽  
Analysis Tool ◽  
Literature Study ◽  
Factors Influencing ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
Value Estimation ◽  
Positive Effect

The purposes of this research are to identify the influence of travel cost, income, distance, access, facilities, natural beautiness, and age on the number of individual visits to Curug Silawe and to estimate the economic value of Curug Silawe through individual travel cost method. The population in this study are tourists that visited Curug Silawe with sample of 98 respondents taken by the quota accidental sampling technique. The data collection method used are literature study and questionnaire. The analysis tool used are OLS linear regression and economic value estimation. The results showed the variables that influence the number of individual visits to Curug Silawe are income, distance and age. Income and age has a positive effect. While distance has a negative effect. The economic value of Curug Silawe reached IDR 1,109,930,140.48 per year. This value is obtained from consumer surplus obtained per individual per year of IDR 308,656.88. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengidentifikasi pengaruh biaya perjalanan, pendapatan, jarak, akses, fasilitas, keindahan alam, dan usia pada jumlah kunjungan individu ke Curug Silawe dan untuk memperkirakan nilai ekonomi Curug Silawe melalui metode biaya perjalanan individu . Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah wisatawan yang berkunjung ke Curug Silawe dengan sampel 98 responden yang diambil dengan teknik quota accidental sampling. Metode pengumpulan data yang digunakan adalah studi literatur dan kuesioner. Alat analisis yang digunakan adalah regresi linear OLS dan estimasi nilai ekonomi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan variabel yang mempengaruhi jumlah kunjungan individu ke Curug Silawe adalah pendapatan, jarak dan usia. Penghasilan dan usia memiliki efek positif. Sedangkan jarak memiliki efek negatif. Nilai ekonomi Curug Silawe mencapai Rp1.109.930.140,48 per tahun. Nilai ini diperoleh dari surplus konsumen yang diperoleh per individu per tahun sebesar Rp308.656,88.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document