scholarly journals Effects of Personality and Emotion Regulation in Depressed Older Adult Inpatients

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 456-456
Author(s):  
Wing Jin Mak ◽  
Ira Yenko ◽  
Avner Aronov ◽  
Hyunyoung Park ◽  
Helene Geramian ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Emotion Regulation ◽  
Social Functioning ◽  
Social Adjustment ◽  
Thought Suppression ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Personality Pathology ◽  
Clinical Samples ◽  
Functional Impairments ◽  
Expressive Suppression

Abstract Personality pathology and emotion dysregulation are associated with impaired psychological and functional outcomes in adults. However, much less is known about their relationship with depression, social functioning, and suicidal behaviors among older clinical samples. The aim of this study was to examine how the two impact depression, social adjustment, and suicidal behavior in an inpatient sample of depressed adults 55 to 89 years of age (N=52). Personality (agreeableness and neuroticism) and suppression strategies (expressive and thought suppression) were first investigated individually and then jointly as a combined predictive model. Results found lower agreeableness predicted poorer social adjustment (β = -2.871, p < .01), while higher neuroticism (β = 0.426, p<.01) and greater use expressive suppression (β =.253, p <.05) each predicted more severe depressive symptoms. Individuals high in neuroticism also evidenced greater use of both thought suppression and expressive suppression, while those who were more depressed endorsed poorer social functioning. Although not reaching the point of statistical significance, lower agreeableness, higher use of suppression strategies, and poor social functioning were found to be moderately associated with experience of recent suicidal ideation. Our findings demonstrated personality pathology and ineffective emotion regulation are promising potential pathways in the detection and intervention of psychological and functional impairments in depressed older adults. Our study also highlighted the need for more research examining the effects of personality pathology and emotional dysregulation from a functional perspective, which could enhance the focus of target problem areas in interventions for severely depressed older adults.

The Social Adjustment Scale-Self-Report: Psychometric Properties for Older Adults

2007 ◽  
Vol 101 (3) ◽  
pp. 920-926 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard A. Zweig ◽  
Elihu Turkel
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Social Functioning ◽  
Social Adjustment ◽  
Psychiatric Symptoms ◽  
Brief Symptom Inventory ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Self Report ◽  
The Social ◽  
Mixed Age ◽  
Social Adjustment Scale

To assess the reliability and validity of the Social Adjustment Scale-Self-Report for older adults, 129 community dwelling elderly ranging in age from 63 to 87 years ( M = 72.3 yr., SD = 5.0) were surveyed using a modified version of the scale. The average internal consistency of subscales was satisfactory (mean coefficient alpha = .62). Overall social functioning impairment (total score) was associated with measures of depression (Beck Depression Inventory, r = .58) and global psychiatric symptoms (Brief Symptom Inventory, r = .55). Older adults scored higher on Marital role, Family Unit role, and overall social functioning impairment compared to mixed-age adults assessed in previous research, and higher on marital role impairment but similarly on overall social functioning when compared with a mixed-age sample from primary care. The modified Social Adjustment Scale–Self-Report has acceptable psychometric characteristics for research use with older adults, and select subscales may account for findings of age-related differences.

scholarly journals Dispositional and Situational Emotion Regulation in Younger and Older Adults

GeroPsych ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 30 (3) ◽  
pp. 109-118 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthias Hofer ◽  
Mathias Allemand
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Emotion Regulation ◽  
Individual Differences ◽  
Age Differences ◽  
Negative Emotions ◽  
Stimulus Presentation ◽  
Expressive Suppression ◽  
Younger Adults ◽  
Future Directions ◽  
The Given

Abstract. Younger and older adults (N = 207) viewed a film scene eliciting strong negative emotions and then indicated how they had regulated their emotions. Dispositional emotion regulation was measured prior to stimulus presentation. Older adults showed higher levels of dispositional suppression than younger adults. Furthermore, individual differences in dispositional expressive suppression were predictive of reappraisal and suppression in the given situation. However, dispositional suppression was more strongly related to situational suppression among older adults than among younger adults. Future directions concerning the importance of and possible implications for age differences in coping with stressful situations are discussed.

Social Support from Adult Children, Parent–Child Relationship, Emotion Regulation Strategy, and Depressive Symptoms Among Chinese Older Adults

2020 ◽  
Vol 42 (9-10) ◽  
pp. 281-290
Author(s):  
Yan Wang ◽  
Jinfeng Zhang ◽  
Bin Wang ◽  
Haojie Fu
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Emotion Regulation ◽  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Emotion Regulation Strategies ◽  
Parent Child Relationship ◽  
Expressive Suppression ◽  
Chinese Older Adults ◽  
Child Relationship ◽  
Regulation Strategies ◽  
Parent Child

We examined the association between social support from adult children (SSAC) and depressive symptoms among Chinese older adults, as well as the moderated mediation mechanism with the parent–child relationship as a mediator and with emotion regulation strategies (cognitive reappraisal and expressive suppression) as moderators. With a cross-sectional design, 356 Chinese older adults completed our questionnaire survey. Results revealed the negative association between SSAC and depressive symptoms among Chinese older adults, and the parent–child relationship mediated this association. In addition, the indirect effect of SSAC on depressive symptoms through the parent–child relationship depended on emotion regulation strategies. Specifically, the parent–child relationship mediated the association between SSAC and depressive symptoms only for older adults with less cognitive reappraisal or more expressive suppression. Our study highlighted the complementary role of family and individual factors in ameliorating older adults’ depressive symptoms.

scholarly journals Influence of Depression and Personality on Social Functioning in Older Adults

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 860-861
Author(s):  
David Freedman ◽  
George Lederer ◽  
Lauren Atlas ◽  
Richard Zweig ◽  
Dimitry Francois ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Primary Care ◽  
Social Functioning ◽  
Clinical Status ◽  
Psychiatric Inpatient ◽  
Secondary Analysis ◽  
Personality Pathology ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Assessment And Treatment ◽  
Inpatient Settings

Abstract Among older adults there is significant comorbodity between depression and personality pathology and both are associated with poorer social functioning. Personality pathology is associated with greater prevalence, poorer recovery, and a higher likelihood of recurrence of depression in older adults. This study is a secondary analysis examining the relationships between personality traits associated with personality pathology (i.e. high neuroticism and low agreeableness), depression, and social functioning across older adults surveyed in primary care and psychiatric inpatient settings (N = 227). Individual variable as well as interaction models were examined. Higher neuroticism (FChange [1,217] = 40.119, p < .001), lower agreeableness (FChange [1,217] = 20.614, p < .001), and clinical status (i.e. primary care vs. psychiatric inpatient) (FChange [1,217] = 19.817, p < .001) were associated with poorer social functioning. Clinical status moderated the relationships between neuroticism and social functioning (B = -.0147, p = . 0341) and between agreeableness and social functioning (B = .0268, p = .0015). Interaction effects were not observed between neuroticism and depression or agreeableness and depression as they relate to social functioning. However, depression severity was observed to mediate the relationship between neuroticism and social functioning [Indirect effect = .0212, 95% CI = .0141, .0289]. These findings highlight the importance of accounting for depression and clinical status in the assessment and treatment of older adults with personality pathology. Findings warrant future research focused upon mechanisms through which personality pathology and depression influence functional status in older adults.

scholarly journals Personality, Depression, Social Functioning, and Suicidal Behavior in Depressed Older Adult Inpatients

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 392-392
Author(s):  
Ira Yenko ◽  
Jennifer Ho ◽  
Helene Geramian ◽  
Wing Jin Mak ◽  
Hyunyoung Ellen Park ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Social Functioning ◽  
Older Adult ◽  
Suicidal Behavior ◽  
Social Adjustment ◽  
Social Role ◽  
Predictive Ability ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Completed Suicide ◽  
High Risk Populations

Abstract Older adults are at higher risk for completed suicide. However, research in late-life suicide for high-risk populations remains a neglected topic, with some researchers suggesting that our knowledge of risk factors and risk conferral remains incomplete and insufficient in their predictive ability. Personality processes, in the context of interpersonal problems, have been associated with suicidal behavior, depression, and social functioning, but have rarely been evaluated in samples of older adults during periods of highest risk. This study examined factors underlying the relationship between personality processes, depression, social role functioning, and suicidal behavior in older adult inpatients. It also examined the examined the additive effect of personality processes, social adjustment, and depression on suicidal behavior. Depressed middle aged and older adult inpatients (N=52; Age M= 66.88, SD= 8.76) completed self-report measures of personality pathology (IIP-PD-25), depression (GDS-30), social functioning (SAS-SR), and recent suicidal behavior (SIB). Our research found that while interpersonal pathology was positively associated with depression (GDS-30, ß = .37, p = .006) and social functioning (SAS-SR, ß = .384, p = .003), it was not associated with suicidal behavior. The combined model of social functioning and depression displayed a trend toward significance, but neither variable was robust enough to emerge as an independent predictor of suicidal behavior. However, bivariate analyses found moderate effect sizes between depression or social functioning and suicidal behavior. Risk for suicidal behavior likely involves dynamic, complex, and interrelated relationships with clinical implications regarding assessment within this population.

Video Games and Emotion Regulation

GeroPsych ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 31 (4) ◽  
pp. 205-213 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kathryn L. Ossenfort ◽  
Derek M. Isaacowitz
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Emotion Regulation ◽  
Video Games ◽  
Age Differences ◽  
Interactive Media ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Younger Adults ◽  
Media Usage ◽  
The Everyday ◽  
Media Preferences

Abstract. Research on age differences in media usage has shown that older adults are more likely than younger adults to select positive emotional content. Research on emotional aging has examined whether older adults also seek out positivity in the everyday situations they choose, resulting so far in mixed results. We investigated the emotional choices of different age groups using video games as a more interactive type of affect-laden stimuli. Participants made multiple selections from a group of positive and negative games. Results showed that older adults selected the more positive games, but also reported feeling worse after playing them. Results supplement the literature on positivity in situation selection as well as on older adults’ interactive media preferences.

Smiling won’t make you feel better: Response-focused emotion regulation strategies have little impact on cognitive, behavioural, physiological, and subjective outcomes

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nancy Bahl ◽  
Allison Ouimet
Keyword(s):  
Emotion Regulation ◽  
Negative Emotion ◽  
Electrodermal Activity ◽  
Adaptive Strategy ◽  
Expressive Suppression ◽  
Memory Accuracy ◽  
Cognitive Behavioural ◽  
Regulation Strategies ◽  
The Common ◽  
Subjective Outcomes

Background and Objectives. Response-focused emotion regulation (RF-ER) strategies may alter people’s evoked emotions, influencing psychophysiology, memory accuracy, and affect. Researchers have found that participants engaging in expressive suppression (ES; a RF-ER strategy) experience increased sympathetic nervous system arousal, affect (i.e., higher subjective anxiety and negative emotion), and lowered memory accuracy. It is unclear, however, whether all RF-ER strategies exert maladaptive effects. Expressive dissonance (ED; displaying an expression opposite from how one feels) is a RF-ER strategy, and thus likely considered “maladaptive”. As outlined by the facial feedback hypothesis, however, smiling may increase positive emotion, suggesting it may be an adaptive strategy. We compared the effects of ED and ES to a control condition on psychophysiology, memory accuracy, and affect, to assess whether ED is an adaptive RF-ER strategy, relative to ES. Methods. We randomly assigned 144 female participants to engage in ED, ES, or to naturally observe, while viewing negative and arousing images. We recorded electrodermal activity and self-reported affect throughout the experiment and participants completed memory tasks. Results. There were no differences between groups across outcomes. Conclusion. Engaging in ES or ED may not lead to negative or positive impacts, shedding doubt on the common conclusion that specific strategies are categorically adaptive or maladaptive.

Development, Popularization and Application of An Online OvAge Calculator: Qualitative Study Based on the WeChat Mini Program (Preprint)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wenwen Xu ◽  
Hui Wang ◽  
Zheng Zhu ◽  
Quan Wang ◽  
Jing Jin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Predictive Model ◽  
Ovarian Reserve ◽  
Chinese Women ◽  
Polycystic Ovary ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Clinical Samples ◽  
Clinical Markers ◽  
Clinical Trial Registry ◽  
Specificity And Sensitivity ◽  
Short Period

BACKGROUND At present, there are many clinical markers and models to assess ovarian reserve, but none of them are ideal. The number of clinical samples is a key factor limiting the specificity and sensitivity of the markers and models, and traditional methods of subject recruitment are time and vigor. In addition, the model of ovarian reserve assessment for Chinese women need to be further explored. OBJECTIVE To explore the possibility of self-reporting for subjects through the WeChat mini program, and provide more data support for further optimization of the OvAge model, and to develop a predictive model of ovarian reserve that is specific to Chinese women. METHODS In this paper, with reference to the existing OvAge model, we developed an online OvAge calculator based on the WeChat mini program for data collection, and then applied the generalized linear model theory to obtain a predictive model of ovarian reserve which is in line with the characteristics of Chinese women. RESULTS Compared to traditional recruiting methods, the online OvAge calculator is able to collect a large number of samples in a short period of time, which is efficient and convenient. Optimized model of estimated OvAge =exp (3.5254-0.001*PRL-0.0231*AMH). This model showed a high statistical significance for each marker included in the equation. We applied the final equation on diminished ovarian reserve and polycystic ovary syndrome datasets and obtained a mean of predicted ovarian age significantly different from the mean of chronological age in both groups. CONCLUSIONS The OvAge calculator based on the WeChat mini program is a novel online subject self-reporting system that can collect many samples in a short period of time, continuously optimize the model and update the mini program version, which is economical, time-saving and efficient., and is worthy of promotion. In addition, the optimized OvAge model is suitable for Chinese women and provides a reference for clinical assessment of ovarian reserve. CLINICALTRIAL The study was approved by Chinese Clinical Trial Registry (registration No. ChiCTR2000037522) and Medical ethics committee of Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine (approved No. 2019NL-152-02).

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