scholarly journals Multimorbidity and Depression Incidence Among Middle-Aged and Older Adults in China

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 256-256
Author(s):  
Fei Tang ◽  
Elizabeth Vasquez
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Functional Ability ◽  
Chronic Conditions ◽  
Regression Models ◽  
Functional Limitation ◽  
Mediation Effect ◽  
Middle Aged ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Binomial Regression ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract Previous studies suggested that multimorbidity (co-occurrence of two or more chronic conditions) is associated with increased risk of depression. However, limited studies have examined the relationships between multimorbidity and depression among Chinese middle-aged and older adults. The current study aimed to evaluate the associations between multimorbidity and incidence of depression and the potential mediation effect of functional limitation among Chinese middle–aged and older adults. Data of 8,093 individuals who participated in both wave 1 (2011) and wave 4 (2015) of China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS) and were free of depression in wave 1 were included in the study. Multiple log-binomial regression models were used to evaluate the associations between multimorbidity and incident depression. Mediation analysis was conducted to examine the effect of functional limitation. A third of participants in our study were identified as having multimorbidity in wave 1 (N=2,479) and 23% participants were free of depression in wave 1 but had depression in wave 4 (N=1,827). After adjusting for potential confounders, multimorbidity was observed to be associated with depression incidence (RR: 1.31; 95% CI: 1.21 – 1.42). In addition, functional limitation mediated the relationship between multimorbidity and depression incidence. Our findings add to the literature on the potential associations between multimorbidity and depression incidence among Chinese middle-aged and older adults. Furthermore, the relationship between multimorbidity and depression incidence was observed to be mediated by functional limitation. Interventions that improve functional ability among Chinese middle-aged and older adults could potentially attenuate the effect of multimorbidity on depression incidence.

scholarly journals Risk factors for depression during the COVID-19 pandemic: a longitudinal study in middle-aged and older adults

BJPsych Open ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jamie Rutland-Lawes ◽  
Anna-Stiina Wallinheimo ◽  
Simon L. Evans
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Longitudinal Study ◽  
Regression Models ◽  
Protective Factor ◽  
Significant Risk ◽  
Living Alone ◽  
Depression Symptoms ◽  
Middle Aged ◽  
Increased Risk

Background The COVID-19 pandemic and resultant social restrictions have had widespread psychological ramifications, including a rise in depression prevalence. However, longitudinal studies on sociodemographic risk factors are lacking. Aims To quantify longitudinal changes in depression symptoms during the pandemic compared with a pre-pandemic baseline, in middle-aged and older adults, and identify the risk factors contributing to this. Method A total of 5331 participants aged ≥50 years were drawn from the English Longitudinal Study of Ageing. Self-reported depression symptoms in June/July 2020 were compared with baseline data from 2–3 years prior. Regression models investigated sociodemographic and lifestyle variables that could explain variance in change in depression. Results Within-participant depression scores increased significantly from pre-pandemic levels: 14% met the criteria for clinical depression at baseline, compared with 26% during the pandemic. Younger age, female gender, higher depression scores at baseline, living alone and having a long-standing illness were significant risk factors. Gender-stratified regression models indicated that older age was protective for women only, whereas urban living increased risk among women only. Being an alcohol consumer was a protective factor among men only. Conclusions Depression in UK adults aged ≥50 years increased significantly during the pandemic. Being female, living alone and having a long-standing illness were prominent risk factors. Younger women living in urban areas were at particularly high risk, suggesting such individuals should be prioritised for support. Findings are also informative for future risk stratification and intervention strategies, particularly if social restrictions are reimposed as the COVID-19 crisis continues to unfold.

scholarly journals CHRONIC CONDITIONS, FUNCTIONAL LIMITATIONS, AND DEPRESSION IN OLDER ADULTS: ANALYSIS OF A LONGITUDINAL STUDY

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. S572-S572
Author(s):  
Jyotsana Parajuli ◽  
Diane Berish ◽  
Ying-Ling Jao
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Direct Effect ◽  
Chronic Conditions ◽  
Functional Limitations ◽  
Mediation Effect ◽  
High Risk Population ◽  
Longitudinal Impact ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Retirement Study

Abstract Background: Chronic conditions, functional limitations, and depression are highly prevalent in older adults. Evidence suggests the links between chronic conditions, functional limitations, and depressive symptoms separately. However, few studies have considered these three conditions together longitudinally. This study examined the longitudinal relationship between chronic conditions and depressive symptoms and evaluated the mediation effect of functional limitations on the relationship between chronic conditions and depressive symptoms in older adults. Methods: This study analyzed longitudinal data from the Health and Retirement Study collected in 2012 and 2014. Mediation analysis was used to examine the direct and indirect effects of chronic conditions and functional limitations measured at the year 2012 on depressive symptoms measured at the year 2014 controlling for demographics. Results: Results revealed that chronic conditions predicted depressive symptoms. Specifically, one additional chronic condition in 2012 corresponded to an increase of 0.35 in depressive symptoms in 2014 (p<.001). After adding functional limitations as a mediator, the direct effect was reduced to 0.26 and the indirect effect was .088 (p<.001). In other words, functional limitations explained approximately 25% of the direct effect of chronic diseases on depression. Discussion: Findings reveal the longitudinal impact of chronic conditions and functional limitations on depressive symptoms in older adults. Findings help identify the high-risk population of depressive symptoms and intervene early.

Fall-related Injuries Mediate the Relationship between Self-Reported Hearing Loss and Mortality in Middle-Aged and Older Adults

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dongjuan Xu ◽  
Melissa D Newell ◽  
Alexander L Francis
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Hearing Loss ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Middle Aged ◽  
Risk Of Death ◽  
Risk Of Injury ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Hearing Problems

Abstract Background Hearing loss is associated with a greater risk of death in older adults. This relationship has been attributed to an increased risk of injury, particularly due to falling, in individuals with hearing loss. However, the link between hearing loss and mortality across the lifespan is less clear. Methods We used structural equation modeling and mediation analysis to investigate the relationship between hearing loss, falling, injury, and mortality across the adult lifespan in public-use data from the National Health Interview Survey and the National Death Index. We examined 1) the association between self-reported hearing problems and later mortality, 2) the associations between self-reported hearing problems and the risk of injury and degree and type of injury, 3) the mediating role of falling and injury in the association between self-reported hearing problems and mortality, and 4) whether these relationships differ in young (18-39), middle-aged (40-59) and older (60+) age groups. Results In all three age ranges, those reporting hearing problems were more likely to fall, were more likely to sustain an injury, and were more likely to sustain a serious injury, than those not reporting hearing problems. While there was no significant association between hearing loss and mortality in the youngest category, there was for middle-aged and older participants and for both fall-related injury was a significant mediator in this relationship. Conclusions Fall-related injury mediates the relationship between hearing loss and mortality for middle-aged as well as older adults, suggesting a need for further research into mechanisms and remediation.

scholarly journals Elevated plasma growth and differentiation factor 15 predicts incident anemia in older adults aged 60 years and older

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuko Yamaguchi ◽  
Marta Zampino ◽  
Toshiko Tanaka ◽  
Stefania Bandinelli ◽  
Yusuke Osawa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Proportional Hazards ◽  
Proportional Hazards Model ◽  
Cox Proportional Hazards ◽  
Cox Proportional Hazards Model ◽  
Differentiation Factor ◽  
Hazards Model ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract Background Anemia is common in older adults and associated with greater morbidity and mortality. The causes of anemia in older adults have not been completely characterized. Although elevated circulating growth and differentiation factor 15 (GDF-15) has been associated with anemia in older adults, it is not known whether elevated GDF-15 predicts the development of anemia. Methods We examined the relationship between plasma GDF-15 concentrations at baseline in 708 non-anemic adults, aged 60 years and older, with incident anemia during 15 years of follow-up among participants in the Invecchiare in Chianti (InCHIANTI) Study. Results During follow-up, 179 (25.3%) participants developed anemia. The proportion of participants who developed anemia from the lowest to highest quartile of plasma GDF-15 was 12.9%, 20.1%, 21.2%, and 45.8%, respectively. Adults in the highest quartile of plasma GDF-15 had an increased risk of developing anemia (Hazards Ratio 1.15, 95% Confidence Interval 1.09, 1.21, P<.0001) compared to those in the lower three quartiles in a multivariable Cox proportional hazards model adjusting for age, sex, serum iron, soluble transferrin receptor, ferritin, vitamin B12, congestive heart failure, diabetes mellitus, and cancer. Conclusions Circulating GDF-15 is an independent predictor for the development of anemia in older adults.

scholarly journals The Impact of Weather and Seasons on Falls and Physical Activity among Older Adults with Glaucoma: A Longitudinal Prospective Cohort Study

Sensors ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (10) ◽  
pp. 3415
Author(s):  
Hursuong Vongsachang ◽  
Aleksandra Mihailovic ◽  
Jian-Yu E ◽  
David S. Friedman ◽  
Sheila K. West ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Fall Prevention ◽  
Regression Models ◽  
Activity Promotion ◽  
Injurious Fall ◽  
Multivariable Regression ◽  
Multivariable Regression Models ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

Understanding periods of the year associated with higher risk for falling and less physical activity may guide fall prevention and activity promotion for older adults. We examined the relationship between weather and seasons on falls and physical activity in a three-year cohort of older adults with glaucoma. Participants recorded falls information via monthly calendars and participated in four one-week accelerometer trials (baseline and per study year). Across 240 participants, there were 406 falls recorded over 7569 person-months, of which 163 were injurious (40%). In separate multivariable regression models incorporating generalized estimating equations, temperature, precipitation, and seasons were not significantly associated with the odds of falling, average daily steps, or average daily active minutes. However, every 10 °C increase in average daily temperature was associated with 24% higher odds of a fall being injurious, as opposed to non-injurious (p = 0.04). The odds of an injurious fall occurring outdoors, as opposed to indoors, were greater with higher average temperatures (OR per 10 °C = 1.46, p = 0.03) and with the summer season (OR = 2.69 vs. winter, p = 0.03). Falls and physical activity should be understood as year-round issues for older adults, although the likelihood of injury and the location of fall-related injuries may change with warmer season and temperatures.

scholarly journals Disease-related disability burden: a comparison of seven chronic conditions in middle-aged and older adults

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Chieh-Ying Chou ◽  
Ching-Ju Chiu ◽  
Chia-Ming Chang ◽  
Chih-Hsing Wu ◽  
Feng-Hwa Lu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Physical Disability ◽  
Chronic Conditions ◽  
Chronic Condition ◽  
Disease Diagnosis ◽  
Rate Of Change ◽  
Middle Aged ◽  
Rates Of Change ◽  
Depression Status ◽  
Stage Disease

Abstract Background Although previous studies have explored the effect of chronic conditions on physical disability, little is known about the levels and rates of change in physical disability after a chronic condition diagnosis in middle-aged and older adults in the Asian population. The aim of this study is to ascertain the average levels and rates of change in the development of disability after disease diagnosis, as well as to determine the influences of sociodemographic and health-related correlates in the development of disability. Methods This is a retrospective cohort study analyzing data of nationally representative participants aged 50 and over with a chronic condition or having developed one during follow-ups based on data from the 1996–2011 Taiwan Longitudinal Study on Aging (TLSA) (n = 5131). Seven chronic conditions were examined. Covariates included age at initial diagnosis, gender, education level, number of comorbidities, and depression status. Physical disability was measured by combining self-reported ADL, IADL, and strength and mobility activities with 17 total possible points, further analyzed with multilevel modeling. Results The results showed that (1) physical disability was highest for stroke, followed by cancer and diabetes at the time of the initial disease diagnosis. (2) The linear rate of change was highest for stroke, followed by lung disease and heart disease, indicating that these diseases led to higher steady increases in physical disability after the disease diagnosis. (3) The quadratic rate of change was highest in diabetes, followed by cancer and hypertension, indicating that these diseases had led to higher increments of physical disability in later stage disease. After controlling for sociodemographic and comorbidity, depression status accounted for 39.9–73.6% and 37.9–100% of the variances in the physical disability intercept and change over time, respectively. Conclusions Despite the fact that a comparison across conditions was not statistically tested, an accelerated increase in physical disabilities was found as chronic conditions progressed. While stroke and cancer lead to disability immediately, conditions such as diabetes, cancer, and hypertension give rise to higher increments of physical disability in later stage disease. Mitigating depressive symptoms may be beneficial in terms of preventing disability development in this population.

Effect of older adults in the family on the sandwich generation's pursuit of entrepreneurship: evidence from China

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-20
Author(s):  
Yiwei Liu ◽  
Wenjing Wang ◽  
Zhen Cong ◽  
Zhirui Chen
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Family Members ◽  
Mediating Effect ◽  
Entrepreneurial Activity ◽  
Basic Unit ◽  
Instrumental Support ◽  
Middle Aged ◽  
Social Wellbeing ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Elderly Family

Abstract Household entrepreneurship is a basic unit of entrepreneurial activity, and a crucial aspect of connecting personal and social wellbeing. This study examines the relationship between the proportion of elderly family members and household entrepreneurship. This study also assesses the mediating effect of the middle-aged generation's support to their parents and the moderating effect of the parents’ support with respect to the proportion of elderly family members and entrepreneurship. We use data from the China Family Panel Studies. We adopt the instrumental variable method to deal with endogeneity, robustness and credibility of the estimation results. The results show that a higher proportion of elderly family members impedes household entrepreneurship. Moreover, the financial and instrumental support provided by the middle-aged generation to their parents significantly mediates the relationship between the proportion of elderly family members and household entrepreneurship. In turn, parents’ financial support to the middle-aged generation moderates the focal relationship; however, parents’ instrumental support does not moderate the focal relationship. These findings emphasise the need to develop a comprehensive social security network for older adults that will indirectly promote household entrepreneurship, and improve personal and social wellbeing.

Mediation effect of coping strategies on general psychological health among middle-aged and older adults during the COVID-19 pandemic

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Nurul Fatin Malek Rivan ◽  
Suzana Shahar ◽  
Devinder Kaur Ajit Singh ◽  
Norhayati Ibrahim ◽  
Arimi Fitri Mat Ludin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Coping Strategies ◽  
Psychological Health ◽  
Mediation Effect ◽  
Middle Aged

Relationship Between Mental Health, Resilience, and Physical Activity in Older Adults: A 2-Year Longitudinal Study

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Maria Priscila Wermelinger Ávila ◽  
Jimilly Caputo Corrêa ◽  
Alessandra Lamas Granero Lucchetti ◽  
Giancarlo Lucchetti
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Physical Activity ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Regression Models ◽  
Linear Regression Models ◽  
Physically Active ◽  
Effective Interventions ◽  
Self Sufficiency ◽  
The Relationship

The aim of this study was to longitudinally investigate the association between resilience and mental health in older adults and to determine the influence of physical activity on this relationship. A total of 291 older adults were included in a 2-year follow-up study. Adjusted linear regression models evaluated the association between resilience at baseline and mental health after 2 years in sufficiently and insufficiently physically active older adults. A negative correlation was found between resilience at baseline and depression, anxiety, and stress after 2 years for the overall sample. This association changed after stratifying the group. Sufficiently physically active individuals made greater use of the resilience components “Self-Sufficiency” and “Perseverance,” whereas insufficiently physically active individuals made greater use of “Meaning of Life” and “Existential Singularity.” Physical activity can influence the relationship between resilience and mental health. These results can help guide the devising of more effective interventions for this age group.

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