Caregiver Burden Is Associated With Dementia Patient Cognitive Performance in NHATS

Abstract Informal caregivers of dementia patients engage in multicomponent care that is often stressful. In heart failure patients, caregiver burden has been associated with occurrence of cardiovascular events. However, little is known about how caregiver burden affects patient cognition in dementia care dyads. Using data from the National Health and Aging Trends Study and National Study of Caregiving, we examined the association between caregiver burden, assessed on 38 aspects of caring, and patient cognition, assessed with the immediate and delay word recall, Clock Drawing, and self-rated memory. In fully adjusted models at round 7 (2017) higher caregiver burden was cross-sectionally associated with lower immediate (B=-0.02, 95% CI -0.03, -0.01) and delayed (B=-0.03, 95% CI -0.04, -0.02) word recall. Longitudinally, across rounds 7-9 (2017-2019) higher burden was associated with lower patient Clock Draw score (B=-0.01, 95% CI -0.03, -0.001). These findings have implications for economic assistance and interventions in dementia care dyad.

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Alzheimer's Alphabet Soup: ADRD research in NHATS and NSOC

Innovation in Aging ◽

10.1093/geroni/igab046.1685 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 5 (Supplement_1) ◽

pp. 435-435

Author(s):

Loretta Anderson ◽

Alexandra Wennberg ◽

Frank Lin

Keyword(s):

Alzheimer’S Disease ◽

Alzheimer's Disease ◽

Caregiver Burden ◽

Functional Decline ◽

Cognitive Outcomes ◽

National Study ◽

Dementia Patients ◽

Nationally Representative ◽

And Function

Abstract There are 5.8 million Americans living with Alzheimer’s disease, but currently there is no cure or effective treatment. Alzheimer’s disease and related dementias (ADRD) are characterized by cognitive decline, but patients also have behavioral symptoms and functional decline. Understanding the gamut of risk and prognostic factors for ADRD and those associated with the task of caring for these patients is layered. The National Health and Aging Trends Study (NHATS) and the sister National Study of Caregiving (NSOC) are excellent resources to investigate layers of ADRD incidence, progression, and caregiving in the population. NHATS is a nationally representative sample of Medicare beneficiaries aged 65 and older. Since 2011, annual in-person interviews have collected data in many areas, including health, environment, wellbeing, cognition, and function. NSOC has been conducted at three timepoints corresponding with NHATS rounds and collects detailed data on caregivers, including information on care activities, caregiver burden, and caregiver wellbeing. This symposium illustrates the broad range of ADRD research questions that can be probed using NHATS/NSOC data. The session begins with a presentation the association between caregiver burden and ADRD patient cognitive outcomes. The second presentation examines the role of physical performance as a predictor of developing ADRD. The third presentation investigates the role of dual sensory impairment – both hearing and vision impairment – on dementia incidence. The session concludes with an examination of whether hearing impairment among dementia patients is associated with different caregiving needs.

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Classifying Non-Dementia and Alzheimer’s Disease/Vascular Dementia Patients Using Kinematic, Time-Based, and Visuospatial Parameters: The Digital Clock Drawing Test

Journal of Alzheimer s Disease ◽

10.3233/jad-201129 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 82 (1) ◽

pp. 47-57 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Anis Davoudi ◽

Catherine Dion ◽

Shawna Amini ◽

Patrick J. Tighe ◽

Catherine C. Price ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Alzheimer’S Disease ◽

Alzheimer's Disease ◽

Vascular Dementia ◽

Area Under The Curve ◽

Clock Drawing Test ◽

Digital Clock ◽

Clock Drawing ◽

Drawing Test ◽

Dementia Patients ◽

Optimal Area

Background: Advantages of digital clock drawing metrics for dementia subtype classification needs examination. Objective: To assess how well kinematic, time-based, and visuospatial features extracted from the digital Clock Drawing Test (dCDT) can classify a combined group of Alzheimer’s disease/Vascular Dementia patients versus healthy controls (HC), and classify dementia patients with Alzheimer’s disease (AD) versus vascular dementia (VaD). Methods: Healthy, community-dwelling control participants (n = 175), patients diagnosed clinically with Alzheimer’s disease (n = 29), and vascular dementia (n = 27) completed the dCDT to command and copy clock drawing conditions. Thirty-seven dCDT command and 37 copy dCDT features were extracted and used with Random Forest classification models. Results: When HC participants were compared to participants with dementia, optimal area under the curve was achieved using models that combined both command and copy dCDT features (AUC = 91.52%). Similarly, when AD versus VaD participants were compared, optimal area under the curve was, achieved with models that combined both command and copy features (AUC = 76.94%). Subsequent follow-up analyses of a corpus of 10 variables of interest determined using a Gini Index found that groups could be dissociated based on kinematic, time-based, and visuospatial features. Conclusion: The dCDT is able to operationally define graphomotor output that cannot be measured using traditional paper and pencil test administration in older health controls and participants with dementia. These data suggest that kinematic, time-based, and visuospatial behavior obtained using the dCDT may provide additional neurocognitive biomarkers that may be able to identify and tract dementia syndromes.

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Disengaging elections? Political interest, number of elections, and turnout in elections to the European Parliament

European Union Politics ◽

10.1177/1465116521998455 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 146511652199845

Author(s):

Jeffrey Nonnemacher

Keyword(s):

Political Behavior ◽

Voting Behavior ◽

European Parliament ◽

National Study ◽

National Elections ◽

Multi Level ◽

European Election ◽

Using Data ◽

European Parliament Elections ◽

Cross National Study

Since direct elections to the European Parliament began in 1979, variations in voting behavior in European Parliament elections from national elections have raised interesting questions about political behavior. I add to a growing literature that explores turnout in European Parliament elections by focusing on the count of national elections between European Parliament elections. Through a cross-national study of elections, I find that turnout decreases in the European Parliament contest following cycles with numerous national contests. Then, using data from the European Election Study, I argue that this is the result of frequent elections decreasing turnout particularly among already low interest voters who stay home. My findings have implications for how formal rules of multi-level elections shape political behavior more generally and voter fatigue in particular.

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Cost of Dementia and Its Correlation With Dependence

Journal of Aging and Health ◽

10.1177/0898264315624899 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 28 (8) ◽

pp. 1448-1464 ◽

Cited By ~ 17

Author(s):

Örjan Åkerborg ◽

Andrea Lang ◽

Anders Wimo ◽

Anders Sköldunger ◽

Laura Fratiglioni ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Cognitive Ability ◽

Resource Utilization ◽

Annual Cost ◽

Neuropsychiatric Symptoms ◽

Dementia Care ◽

Cost Of Care ◽

Path Model ◽

National Study ◽

Strong Impact ◽

The Impact

Objective: To estimate the cost of dementia care and its relation to dependence. Method: Disease severity and health care resource utilization was retrieved from the Swedish National Study on Aging and Care. Informal care was assessed with the Resource Utilization in Dementia instrument. A path model investigates the relationship between annual cost of care and dependence, cognitive ability, functioning, neuropsychiatric symptoms, and comorbidities. Results: Average annual cost among patients diagnosed with dementia was €43,259, primarily incurred by accommodation. Resource use, that is, institutional care, community care, and accommodation, and corresponding costs increased significantly by increasing dependency. Path analysis showed that cognitive ability, functioning, and neuropsychiatric symptoms were significantly correlated with dependence, which in turn had a strong impact on annual cost. Discussion: This study confirms that cost of dementia care increases with dependence and that the impact of other disease indicators is mainly mediated by dependence.

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Adapting Resources for Enhancing Alzheimer's Caregiver Health for Dementia-Capable Services

Innovation in Aging ◽

10.1093/geroni/igaa057.179 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 4 (Supplement_1) ◽

pp. 55-55

Author(s):

Mindi Spencer ◽

Maggi Miller ◽

Diana Jahries ◽

James Davis ◽

S Melinda Spencer

Keyword(s):

Problem Behaviors ◽

Caregiver Burden ◽

Care Recipient ◽

Caregiver Training ◽

Training Support ◽

Caregiver Health ◽

Dementia Patients ◽

Post Test ◽

And Coping ◽

Training And Support

Abstract The overall goal of the PRISMA Health - REACH (PH-REACH) project was to reduce caregiver burden and improve caregiving skills among caregivers of community-living Alzheimer's disease and related dementia patients and, as a result, improve care and quality of life for both the patients and their caregivers. This evidence-based, person-centered program emphasizes positive aspects of caregiving and provides tools to improve stress management, caregiver self-care, and coping skills for managing problem behaviors. PH-REACH provided in-home caregiver training, support, and service referral to 126 caregivers in the Greenville area. Trained coaches delivered the program to caregivers of persons with moderate to severe dementia in its original format but later adapted it to better fit the caregivers’ needs. Analysis of pre- and post-test data showed that both the standard and adapted interventions provided benefits across multiple caregiver outcomes, including reduced caregiver burden, ability to manage disruptive behaviors of the care recipient, increased caregiver self-efficacy, reduced depression, and a slight improvement in the number of chronic health conditions. This supports and expands on previous research that has demonstrated the ability of this program to translate across different community-based and clinical settings. The tailored version of PH-REACH succeeded in assisting these caregivers, meeting them where they were in their caregiving journey, and provided measurable benefits to both their mental and physical health. Overall, this project provided evidence of the utility of the PH-REACH intervention and laid the groundwork to extend caregiver training and support to other institutions, both inside and outside the health system.

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Perceived Social Integration Predicts Engagement and Responsiveness to Positive Events: Test of Age Moderation

Innovation in Aging ◽

10.1093/geroni/igaa057.1278 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 4 (Supplement_1) ◽

pp. 397-397

Author(s):

Patrick Klaiber ◽

David Almeida ◽

Nancy Sin

Keyword(s):

Positive Affect ◽

Social Integration ◽

Positive Emotions ◽

Well Being ◽

Demographic Variables ◽

National Study ◽

Big Five Personality ◽

Positive Events ◽

Telephone Interviews ◽

Using Data

Abstract Social Integration has important implications for health and well-being during adulthood. Being socially integrated might be an important resource that helps people to regularly engage in daily positive events. With older age, this resource might become increasingly important. However, being well socially integrated might also mean that people are certain that they experience more positive events in the future and thus, respond with less positive affect to any given positive event. We examined perceived social integration as a predictor of engagement and responsiveness to positive events using data from the National Study of Daily Experiences 2. 1904 adults (Mean age = 56.25, min = 33, max = 84) reported their daily positive affect and daily positive events during 8 consecutive days of telephone interviews. Perceived social integration was assessed at baseline. Adults higher in social integration experienced daily positive events more frequently (b = 0.01, SE = 0.003, p < .001), but showed less of an increase in positive affect on days with more-than-usual positive events (b = -0.003, SE = 0.001, p = .030). These models controlled for the Big Five personality traits, purpose in life, demographic variables and same-day occurrence of stressors. Age did not moderate the present associations. The present findings imply that social integration might be an important contributor to experiencing more positive events across adulthood. Being better socially integrated might also lead to responding with less positive emotions to any given positive event.

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THE ROLE OF RELIGION IN CAREGIVER BURDEN AND DEPRESSION FOR FAMILY CAREGIVERS OF DEMENTIA PATIENTS

Innovation in Aging ◽

10.1093/geroni/igx004.559 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 1 (suppl_1) ◽

pp. 139-139 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

S. Shin ◽

M. Huddleson ◽

L.M. Brown ◽

T. Tormala ◽

R.G. Gomez

Keyword(s):

Family Caregivers ◽

Caregiver Burden ◽

Dementia Patients ◽

Role Of Religion

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The Effect of Long Term Care Resources on Burdens for Caregiving People Living with Dementia in Taiwan

10.21203/rs.3.rs-841921/v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Yang-Hao Ou ◽

Ming-Che Chang ◽

Wen-Fu Wang ◽

Kai-Ming Jhang

Keyword(s):

Caregiver Burden ◽

Long Term Care ◽

Dementia Care ◽

Care Team ◽

Control Group ◽

Term Care ◽

People With Dementia ◽

Home Based ◽

Caregiver Group

Abstract Background: There is an increasing awareness of caregiver's burden, especially in those caring for people with dementia. The caregiver burden has been studied extensively in Western countries; however, the interpretation of the results and replication of the intervention may deem unfit in the Chinese culture. Therefore, this study identifies the change in caregiver burden by interventional methods under current Taiwan's long-term care Act 2.0.Method: A total of 2,598 newly diagnosed dementia outpatients was evaluated by the Changhua Christian Hospital dementia care team. Eighty patients utilize one of the three care resources, including community-based services (n = 33), home-based services (n = 19), or taking care by foreign caregivers (n = 28). Participants in the control group were selected by matching their global CDR score, gender, age, and caregivers' age with a 1:4 ratio. All caregivers completed the Zarit Burden Interview (ZBI) questionnaires before and six months after utilizing the care resources. Results: The home-based and the foreign caregiver groups have the highest baseline ZBI scores with 37.63±16.14 and 36.57±17.14, respectively. The second ZBI score was assessed about six months after the baseline showing that the home-based group remained the highest caregiver burden (ZBI = 31.74±12.23) and the foreign caregiver group showed the lowest burden (ZBI = 25.68±12.09). The mean difference in the ZBI score confirmed that the foreign caregiver group had the most improvement, averaging a decrease of 17.99±31.08 points (adjust observation time). A linear regression model showed that home-based care and foreign caregiver contributes the most reduction in caregiver burden (-11.83 and -19,07 ZBI scores, respectively).Conclusion: Caring for people with dementia includes caring for their caregivers. Dementia care team should provide proper social resources, which are crucial in the alleviation of caregiver burden.

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Studi Literatur: Peran Caregiver Untuk Peningkatan Perawatan Kesehatan Pada Pasien Demensia

ARTERI : Jurnal Ilmu Kesehatan ◽

10.37148/arteri.v1i2.42 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 1 (2) ◽

pp. 166-175

Author(s):

Riskha Dora Candra Dewi ◽

Kushariyadi

Keyword(s):

Health Care ◽

English Language ◽

Health Workers ◽

Dementia Patient ◽

Inclusion Criteria ◽

Improve Health Care ◽

Dementia Patients ◽

Psychological Pressure ◽

Improve Health

The role of caregivers for dementia patients to improve health care is not yet optimal. Dementia patient care is an experience-based effort for complex dementia patients that can increase the psychological pressure of caregivers. The aim of the study was to determine the effectiveness of the caregiver's role in dementia patients to improve health care. Search strategies for English-language studies that are relevant to the topic are carried out using the ScienceDirect, SagePub, Springer databases limited from 2014 to 2020. The keywords used are "caregiver", "dementia", "health care", "role". Fulltext articles are reviewed to select studies that fit the criteria. The inclusion criteria in this review are health workers, caregivers. A search using the keywords above with the ScienceDirect, SagePub, Springer database that met the inclusion criteria was only 22 articles. Research examined in this article uses a variety of methods, namely systematic literature review by 1 articles, RCT by 4 articles, interview by 1 articles, qualitative study by 5 articles, quasi-experimental study 2 article, participatory research of 1 article, bootstrapping methods of 1 article, scoping review of published literature by 1 articles, quantitative study by 1 articles, cohort study path analysis by 1, a survey to clarify the evaluation by 1, SEM by 1, standardized protocol by 1. Research using random techniques as much as 10 articles, while those using non-random techniques as many as 12 articles. The role of caregivers for dementia patients to improve health care is an effective experience-based effort and is the most appropriate activity for elderly patients with dementia. Enhance the role of the caregiver by changing the caregiver's perception of a more positive view of his role.

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Socioeconomic Inequalities and Obesity in South Africa—A Decomposition Analysis

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health ◽

10.3390/ijerph18179181 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 18 (17) ◽

pp. 9181

Author(s):

Eva Goetjes ◽

Milena Pavlova ◽

Charles Hongoro ◽

Wim Groot

Keyword(s):

South Africa ◽

South African ◽

Healthy Lifestyle ◽

Decomposition Analysis ◽

Socioeconomic Inequalities ◽

Overweight And Obesity ◽

National Study ◽

Factors Associated ◽

Health And Nutrition ◽

Using Data

Background: Prior evidence shows that inequalities are related to overweight and obesity in South Africa. Using data from a recent national study, we examine the socioeconomic inequalities associated with obesity in South Africa and the factors associated with it. Methods: We use quantitative data from the South African National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (SANHANES-1) carried out in 2012. We estimate the concentration index (CI) to identify inequalities and decompose the CI to explore the determinants of these inequalities. Results: We confirm the existence of pro-rich inequalities associated with obesity in South Africa. The inequalities among males are larger (CI of 0.16) than among women (CI of 0.09), though more women are obese than men. Marriage increases the risk of obesity for women and men, while smoking decreases the risk of obesity among men significantly. Higher education is associated with lower inequalities among females. Conclusions: We recommend policies to focus on promoting a healthy lifestyle, including the individual’s perception of a healthy body size and image, especially among women.

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