scholarly journals Depressive and Anxiety Disorders in Alcohol Use and Related Problems among Older African Americans

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 858-858
Author(s):  
Tomorrow Arnold
Keyword(s):  
African Americans ◽  
Alcohol Use ◽  
Panic Disorder ◽  
The United States ◽  
Alcohol Problems ◽  
Panic Disorders ◽  
The Past ◽  
Group Variation ◽  
Use Studies ◽  
Alcohol Related Problems

Abstract The older African American (AA) population is expected to triple by 2050; however, research on depression, anxiety, and alcohol use among older AAs is lacking. Current mental health and substance use studies involving older AAs often focus on between-race differences, frequently comparing AAs to Whites, without addressing within-group variation in the former. As such, little is known about the associations between depression, anxiety, alcohol use and related disorders in this population. The present study used data from 2016-2017 Midlife in the United States (MIDUS) Milwaukee 2 to examine whether depressive and anxiety symptoms and disorders are associated with alcohol use and alcohol problems among 274 African Americans aged 50 to 93 (62.8% women). Of the sample, 9.5%, 3.6%, and 6.6% met criteria for depression, generalized anxiety (GAD), and panic disorders, respectively. About 8.1% had drank heavily and 18.5% binge drank in the past month with 10.2% reporting alcohol problems in the past year. Those with depression and those with panic disorder were more likely to be heavy drinkers; while only those with panic disorder were more likely to be binge drinkers. Meeting criteria for depression or panic disorder but not GAD disorder were both more likely to have had alcohol-related problems than those not meeting criteria. Only panic disorder was associated with increased likelihood of drinking more than intended in the past year. Preliminary exploratory findings suggest that the associations between depressive symptoms, type of anxiety disorder, alcohol use, and problems varied by gender.

Alcohol Problem Prevention: A “Common Sense” Approach

1987 ◽  
Vol 17 (4) ◽  
pp. 369-393
Author(s):  
Selden D. Bacon
Keyword(s):  
Common Sense ◽  
Direct Methods ◽  
The United States ◽  
Alcohol Problems ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Common ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Alcohol Related Problems ◽  
Social Science Approach

In view of the low likelihood of the acceptance of the social science approach to alcohol problems proposed several years ago, a “common sense” approach is suggested as an alternative. Several assumptions guide this proposal, the principal one being the absence of any significant progress in the reduction of alcohol problems in the United States over the past 200 years. By the development of a common vocabulary and direct methods of observation and data collection, the “common sense” approach would provide for identifying the strengths of the multitude of past and current efforts in dealing with alcohol problems in terms of both intervention and prevention. The guiding criterion in such an approach would be the impact on alcoholism and alcohol-related problems, the definition of which would be a major task of the research.

A Preliminary Study Examining Self-Reported Invincibility, Alcohol Problems, and the Nonmedical Use of Prescription Stimulants in College Students

2021 ◽  
pp. 002204262110372
Author(s):  
Susan Kennedy ◽  
Paula Millin ◽  
Gary J. Kennedy
Keyword(s):  
College Students ◽  
Alcohol Use ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Alcohol Problems ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Prescription Stimulants ◽  
Significant Relationships ◽  
Nonmedical Use ◽  
Preliminary Study ◽  
Alcohol Related Problems

The nonmedical use of prescription stimulants (NMUPS) is becoming more common among college students. Identifying the variables associated with NMUPS is important for educational efforts and to promote wellness in vulnerable students. The present study examined the relationships between self-reported invincibility, alcohol problems, and NMUPS in 175 college students. Path analysis tested the hypotheses that males would report higher invincibility that would be related to alcohol use and alcohol problems. Using structural equation modeling, significant relationships were found between invincibility and alcohol-related problems. Alcohol problems may be related to NMUPS. A total effect of invincibility, mediated by alcohol use, may be a path whereby invincibility positively influences NMUPS. Students reporting high levels of invincibility may be at risk for the NMUPS and might benefit from efforts regarding the potential harmful consequences of taking these substances without a prescription.

scholarly journals Toward the prevention of alcohol use disorders: Overdrinking (unintentional binge drinking) in a community sample

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 205510291879270 ◽  
Author(s):  
F Michler Bishop ◽  
Jose Luis Rodriquez Orjuela
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Pilot Study ◽  
Alcohol Use ◽  
Binge Drinking ◽  
Alcohol Use Disorder ◽  
Problem Drinking ◽  
Community Sample ◽  
Alcohol Use Disorders ◽  
The United States ◽  
The Past

Approximately 64,000,000 people in the United States report binge drinking at least once in the past month. Unlike overeating and oversleeping, “overdrinking”—defined as drinking more than a person intends to drink—does not exist in the literature. Terms such as binge and problem drinking do not consider the intent of the drinker. The results of this pilot study suggest that most people drink more than they intend to drink. Moreover, they also report often being surprised that they overdrank. Smartphones may help overdrinkers be less often surprised by overdrinking and may prevent drinkers from developing an alcohol use disorder.

scholarly journals Alkohol och äldre

2009 ◽  
Vol 26 (5) ◽  
pp. 417-426
Author(s):  
Tommi Sulander
Keyword(s):  
Health Promotion ◽  
Alcohol Use ◽  
Older People ◽  
Alcohol Problems ◽  
Average Amount ◽  
Moderate Drinking ◽  
The Past ◽  
Alcohol Tax ◽  
Heavy Drinkers ◽  
Increasing Trend

T. Sulander: Increasing numbers of older people use alcohol The number of older people using alcohol has increased and abstinence has decreased over the past few decades in Finland. However, the average amount of consumed alcohol per week has remained the same. The rapid lowering of alcohol taxes in 2004 led to a slight increase in alcohol use among people aged 65–84. The number of older people in need of care for their alcohol problems has increased parallel to the increasing trend of moderate drinking. It is, however, difficult to reach heavy drinkers by using different research methods. Therefore, their number in the population could only be estimated. Alcohol use in Finland has been increasing steadily already before the alcohol tax was considerably lowered in 2004. To reverse this negative trend, alcohol taxes should be considerably increased and health promotion activities should be initiated.

scholarly journals Reassessing the Past: Memory and Identity in Toni Morrisonʼs Home

2021 ◽  
pp. 487-503
Author(s):  
Ksenija M. Kondali ◽  
Sandra V. Novkinic
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
African Americans ◽  
Race Relations ◽  
Identity Construction ◽  
Korean War ◽  
The United States ◽  
Bell Hooks ◽  
The Past ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Fantastic

Toni Morrison’s superior literary oeuvre reconsiders the American past by introducing memories of subjects who have been ignored or misrepresented in official history, with particular attention to their identity construction. This paper aims to examine how the neglected history of African Americans is reconstructed in Morrison’s novel Home (2012) through remembrances of the protagonist, a Korean War veteran. His attempts to recall his personal and his family’s past shape the quest for identity. Concurrently, the narrative about the characters’ fates prompts a deeper retrospective of American race relations and debunks the myth of “the Fantastic Fifties” in the United States. Using scholarship on this topic and critical viewpoints of authors such as bell hooks about home in African Americans’ lives, this analysis seeks to explore Morrison’s novel Home, concentrating on how identity is constructed in the process of the main character’s remembrances of the past and growth toward self-respect

scholarly journals PREVALENCE AND CHARACTERISTICS ASSOCIATED WITH ALCOHOL USE AND ALCOHOL RELATED PROBLEMS IN COMMUNITY DWELLING OLDER ADULTS

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Y. van Gils ◽  
E. Franck ◽  
S.J.P. van Alphen ◽  
E. Dierckx
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
At Risk ◽  
Alcohol Use ◽  
Binge Drinking ◽  
Associated Factors ◽  
Alcohol Problems ◽  
Hazardous Drinking ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Community Dwelling Older Adults ◽  
Alcohol Related Problems

Objective: This study examine the prevalence, characteristics and associated factors of alcohol use and alcohol related problems among Belgian community dwelling older adults. Design: Retrospective cross-sectional study by extensive examination survey. Setting: The participants were questioned in their homes or in community centres. Participants: Overall, 1,366 adults ≥65 years participated in this study. Method: Information about self-reported alcohol use during the past year, Health Related Quality of Life (HRQL) and alcohol related problems was gathered with respectively the AUDIT, SF36 and MAST-G. Results: Of the total sample, 84.4% reported alcohol consumption. Using the NIAAA guidelines, the overall prevalence for at risk drinking was 26.6% and for binge drinking 14.8%, both risky alcohol patterns. Logistic regression analyses were performed on the drinking sample to determine the predictors associated with at risk drinking, binge drinking and hazardous drinking. Being male, a smoker of former smoker and living alone were associated with at risk drinking. Being male, being aged 65-74 years, being a smoker, reporting polypharmacy, MCS and having recent loss experience were associated with binge drinking. More than 25% of respondents were classified as hazardous drinking (score ≥5 on MAST-G). Associated factors with hazardous drinking were being male, having a family history of alcohol problems, PCS and MCS. Conclusions: The prevalence rates for at risk alcohol patterns and alcohol related problems were higher than in previous studies. As older adults are more vulnerable to the adverse consequences of alcohol use, awareness about alcohol use should be raised among older adults, as well as amongst health care givers and researchers.

Conclusion

2021 ◽  
pp. 167-168
Author(s):  
Jonathan A. Noyalas
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
African Americans ◽  
The United States ◽  
Complete Understanding ◽  
Entire Volume ◽  
Historical Interpretation ◽  
The Past ◽  
Open Mind ◽  
Key Points ◽  
New Evidence

The book’s conclusion provides perspective on several key points. First, leaning on the viewpoint of distinguished historian Nell Irvin Painter, the conclusion establishes that the historical interpretation of the past is fluid and must evolve as new evidence and viewpoints emerge. Additionally, the conclusion highlights the idea prevalent throughout the book which contends that emancipation did not occur at one singular moment, but rather on multiple occasions. Third, this study’s conclusion highlights the theme of hope, another thread which runs throughout the entire volume. While the book’s conclusion highlights the importance of hope to African Americans, it also points out the author’s hope that individuals can begin to approach this difficult topic with objectivity and an open mind in order to gain a more complete understanding of the complexities of the United States’ most tumultuous and transformative moment.

scholarly journals Young Adult Women and Alcohol-Related Problems: The Key Role of Multidimensional Feminine Norms

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 ◽  
pp. 117822181988865
Author(s):  
Derek Kenji Iwamoto ◽  
Vivian W. Mui
Keyword(s):  
Young Adult ◽  
Alcohol Use ◽  
Alcohol Problems ◽  
Heavy Episodic Drinking ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Adult Women ◽  
Young Adult Women ◽  
Feminine Norms ◽  
Alcohol Related Problems

Young adult college women are closing the gender gap with respect to heavy episodic drinking and alcohol-related problems. Accordingly, it is important to understand and examine the factors that help explain within-group differences in problematic drinking patterns among this vulnerable population. One promising theoretically-relevant factor that appears to explain problematic alcohol use among young adult women is conformity to multidimensional feminine norms. Feminine norms are the beliefs and/or expectations of what it means to be a woman. This review paper identifies the current trends and limitations of research examining the role of feminine norms on alcohol use among young adult women in college. The review of the literature suggests that relationship between feminine norms and alcohol problems is complex in that there are costs and benefits for endorsing and opposing different feminine norms. Women who endorse appearance and relational feminine norms such as striving to be thin, focusing on their appearance, and maintaining relationships are at heighten risk of engaging in heavy episodic drinking and alcohol problems. Women who endorse feminine norms including maintaining sexual relationships with one partner, endorse the belief that one should be modest, and sweet, and nice, and upholding domestic values are less likely to report alcohol problems. Clinical and future research recommendations are provided.

The Shadows of the Past and the Work of the Future: Frederick Douglass's Temporal Theory of Democracy

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-23
Author(s):  
Nathan Pippenger
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
African Americans ◽  
Democratic Theory ◽  
The United States ◽  
Frederick Douglass ◽  
The Past ◽  
Temporal Continuity ◽  
The Future ◽  
Theory Of Democracy ◽  
Specific Orientation

Abstract Throughout his career, Frederick Douglass linked the achievement of an egalitarian, multiracial democracy to Americans’ perception of their collective past and future. In so doing, I argue, Douglass developed a distinctive, temporal account of democratic peoplehood. For Douglass, temporal continuity lent force and content to demands for equality—demands which would succeed only if the whole demos cultivated a specific orientation to its collective past, present, and future. Douglass offers a productive contrast to contemporary democratic theory, which often misses the importance of temporality suggested by his account and thereby risks surrendering its powerful egalitarian resources. Moreover, temporality provides a new lens on what many interpreters see as an episode of inconsistency in Douglass's thought: his brief, quickly abandoned contemplation of colonization proposals in the spring of 1861. Ultimately, Douglass turned to temporality in order to decide whether democracy for African Americans required affiliation with, or disaffiliation from, the United States.

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