scholarly journals Predictors of Sleep Among Spousal Care Dyads Living With Chronic Conditions

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 986-987
Author(s):  
Florence Johnson ◽  
Sheria Robinson-Lane ◽  
Lianlian Lei ◽  
Yin Liu ◽  
Yeonsu Song ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Positive Affect ◽  
Relationship Quality ◽  
Chronic Conditions ◽  
Contextual Factors ◽  
Dementia Care ◽  
Care Recipient ◽  
National Study ◽  
Sleep Patterns ◽  
Care Burden

Abstract Sleep health relates closely to physical health and well-being among older adults with chronic health conditions. However, little is known about the dyadic sleep patterns of these individuals and their spousal caregivers. Secondary analyses of the 2015 National Health and Aging Trends Study and National Study of Caregiving (N= 62 care dyads, mean age 78.59 years for care recipients and 75.77 years for caregivers) were completed to examine the sleep patterns, and related factors, of spousal dyads at both the individual and dyadic levels. Sleep measures included frequency in trouble falling back asleep and insomnia symptoms. Predictors included demographics, depressive symptoms, and positive affect for dyads and contextual factors such as dementia caregiving, care burden and support, neighborhood cohesion, and relationship quality. Multilevel dyadic and actor-partner interdependence models were used to complete analyses. Though intraclass correlation was poor (dementia care dyads ICC=0.123, non-dementia care dyads ICC=0.043), persons with dementia/spousal caregiver dyads (n=102) had more similar sleep and insomnia patterns than dyads with other chronic conditions. Poor sleep among dyads was correlated with higher care burden (β = -0.31, p <.0001), however, better relationship quality marginally enhanced the association (β = -0.23, p = .08). Individual depressive symptoms negatively affected dyadic sleep patterns. However, positive affect only had an actor effect and was related to better individual sleep. Other contextual factors did not affect sleep patterns. These findings suggest the importance of both caregiver and care recipient characteristics on sleep at dyadic levels, particularly those with dementia.

scholarly journals Predictors of Secondary Role Strains Among Spousal Caregivers of Older Adults With Functional Disability

2018 ◽  
Vol 59 (3) ◽  
pp. 486-498 ◽  
Author(s):  
Courtney A Polenick ◽  
Nicole DePasquale
Keyword(s):  
Relationship Quality ◽  
Functional Disability ◽  
Spousal Caregivers ◽  
Care Recipient ◽  
Health Conditions ◽  
Role Overload ◽  
National Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Activity Restriction ◽  
Secondary Role

Abstract Background and Objectives Aging spouses commonly care for a partner with functional disability, but little is known about how spousal caregiving may impact different life domains. This study evaluated how caregiving characteristics are associated with secondary role strains among spousal caregivers. Research Design and Methods This cross-sectional study examined 367 spousal caregivers and their partners from the 2011 National Health and Aging Trends Study and National Study of Caregiving. Hierarchical regressions were estimated to determine how caregiver background factors (sociodemographics, health conditions) along with primary objective (care activities, care recipient health conditions, and dementia status) and subjective (emotional caregiving difficulties, role overload) stressors are linked to care-related valued activity restriction, negative caregiving relationship quality, and care-related family disagreements. Gender differences were considered. Results After accounting for all predictors, older caregivers and caregivers providing more help with activities of daily living and health system interactions (e.g., scheduling appointments) were more likely to report activity restriction, whereas caregivers with more emotional difficulties reported higher negative caregiving relationship quality. Role overload was positively associated with all three secondary strains. For husbands only, caring for a partner with more chronic conditions was linked to higher negative caregiving relationship quality and caring for a partner with dementia was associated with a greater likelihood of family disagreements. Discussion and Implications Secondary role strains may develop through similar and unique pathways for caregiving wives and husbands. Further research is needed to identify those who could benefit from support in managing their care responsibilities alongside other life areas.

scholarly journals Caregiver Well-Being and Burden: Variations by Race/Ethnicity and Care Recipient Nativity Status

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Heehyul E Moon ◽  
William E Haley ◽  
Sunshine M Rote ◽  
Jeanelle S Sears
Keyword(s):  
Well Being ◽  
Care Recipient ◽  
National Study ◽  
Foreign Born ◽  
Psychological Well Being ◽  
Care Burden ◽  
Nativity Status ◽  
Self Rated Health ◽  
Care Recipients ◽  
Race Ethnicity

Abstract Background and Objectives Despite growing diversity among the aging population and extensive previous research on racial/ethnic minority caregivers, little research has been conducted on the potentially unique experiences and outcomes of informal caregivers of foreign-born care recipients. Using nationally representative data and the Stress Process Model, the current study examined the differences in caregiver outcomes (care burden, psychological well-being, and self-rated health) by care recipient nativity status (U.S.-born vs. foreign-born) and the extent to which caregiver outcomes vary by care recipient nativity status and caregiver race/ethnicity (non-Hispanic white, non-Hispanic black, Hispanic, and Others). Research Design and Methods The current study used Round 5 of the National Health and Aging Trends Study and the National Study of Caregiving (N = 1,436). We conducted ordinary least squares regression to analyze the differences in caregiver’s outcomes by care recipient nativity status and caregiver race/ethnicity and to investigate the impacts of the inclusion of caregiving factors (background factors, primary stressors, secondary stressors, and resources). Results Regression analyses showed that only care burden significantly varied by care recipient nativity status after controlling for covariates. Caregivers of foreign-born care recipients reported a higher burden. However, when interactions of care recipient nativity status × caregiver race/ethnicity were introduced, non-Hispanic black and Hispanic caregivers of foreign-born care recipients were more likely to report better psychological well-being and self-rated health compared to their counterparts. Across caregiver groups, better caregiver–care recipient relationship quality and less caregiver chronic conditions were associated with less burden and better caregiver psychological well-being and self-rated health. Discussion and Implications Care recipient nativity status and caregiver race/ethnicity may have complex effects on caregiving experiences. Given the observed significant interaction effects for caregiver psychological well-being and self-rated health, cultural factors may affect the extent to which these caregivers appraise their caregiving. Future research should delve into the appropriate ways to assess care stress as well as resilience among each caregiver group. Our results indicate the need for research, education, and practice that assess cultural and within-group differences among caregivers and inform needed changes to structural barriers.

Bereavement or Breakup: A Network Approach to Modeling Differential Pathways into Depression

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julian Burger ◽  
Margaret S. Stroebe ◽  
Pasqualina Perrig-Chiello ◽  
Henk A.W. Schut ◽  
Stefanie Spahni ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Graphical Models ◽  
Contextual Factors ◽  
Marital Disruption ◽  
Depression Symptoms ◽  
Depression Symptom ◽  
Multiple Time ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Network Analyses ◽  
Within Subjects

Background: Prior network analyses demonstrated that the death of a loved one potentially precedes specific depression symptoms, primarily loneliness, which in turn links to other depressive symptoms. In this study, we extend prior research by comparing depression symptom network structures following two types of marital disruption: bereavement versus separation. Methods: We fitted two Gaussian Graphical Models to cross-sectional data from a Swiss survey of older persons (145 bereaved, 217 separated, and 362 married controls), and compared symptom levels across bereaved and separated individuals. Results: Separated compared to widowed individuals were more likely to perceive an unfriendly environment and oneself as a failure. Both types of marital disruption were linked primarily to loneliness, from where different relations emerged to other depressive symptoms. Amongst others, loneliness had a stronger connection to perceiving oneself as a failure in separated compared to widowed individuals. Conversely, loneliness had a stronger connection to getting going in widowed individuals. Limitations: Analyses are based on cross-sectional between-subjects data, and conclusions regarding dynamic processes on the within-subjects level remain putative. Further, some of the estimated parameters in the network exhibited overlapping confidence intervals and their order needs to be interpreted with care. Replications should thus aim for studies with multiple time points and larger samples. Conclusions: The findings of this study add to a growing body of literature indicating that depressive symptom patterns depend on contextual factors. If replicated on the within-subjects level, such findings have implications for setting up patient-tailored treatment approaches in dependence of contextual factors.

scholarly journals Affective Vulnerability to Short Sleep Predicts 10-Year Changes in Chronic Health Conditions

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 635-636
Author(s):  
Nancy Sin ◽  
Jonathan Rush ◽  
Orfeu Buxton ◽  
David Almeida
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factor ◽  
Sleep Duration ◽  
Chronic Conditions ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Structural Equation Models ◽  
Well Being ◽  
National Study ◽  
Short Sleep ◽  
Telephone Interviews ◽  
Item Checklist

Abstract We examined daily affective vulnerability to short sleep (i.e., individual differences in the extent that sleeping ≤6h predicts next-day affect) as a risk factor for developing chronic conditions 10 years later. Participants (N=1945, ages 35-85, 57% women) from the National Study of Daily Experiences reported sleep duration and affect in daily diary telephone interviews. Chronic conditions were assessed with a 39-item checklist (e.g., arthritis, hypertension, diabetes). Multilevel structural equation models revealed that individuals with heightened negative affect following short sleep had an increased number of chronic conditions after 10 years (Est.=1.20, SE=.48, p<.01). Positive affective vulnerability (i.e., greater declines in positive affect following shorter sleep vs. longer sleep) was marginally associated with 10-year chronic conditions (Est.=-.72, SE=.40, p=.07). Adding to the well-established connections between sleep duration and well-being across adulthood, these findings suggest that affective vulnerability to short sleep represents a unique risk factor for long-term health as people age.

scholarly journals Does positive affect mediate the association of multimorbidity on depressive symptoms?

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
Ibrahim Demirer ◽  
Michael Kühhirt ◽  
Ute Karbach ◽  
Holger Pfaff
Keyword(s):  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Positive Affect

Cost of Dementia and Its Correlation With Dependence

2016 ◽  
Vol 28 (8) ◽  
pp. 1448-1464 ◽  
Author(s):  
Örjan Åkerborg ◽  
Andrea Lang ◽  
Anders Wimo ◽  
Anders Sköldunger ◽  
Laura Fratiglioni ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Ability ◽  
Resource Utilization ◽  
Annual Cost ◽  
Neuropsychiatric Symptoms ◽  
Dementia Care ◽  
Cost Of Care ◽  
Path Model ◽  
National Study ◽  
Strong Impact ◽  
The Impact

Objective: To estimate the cost of dementia care and its relation to dependence. Method: Disease severity and health care resource utilization was retrieved from the Swedish National Study on Aging and Care. Informal care was assessed with the Resource Utilization in Dementia instrument. A path model investigates the relationship between annual cost of care and dependence, cognitive ability, functioning, neuropsychiatric symptoms, and comorbidities. Results: Average annual cost among patients diagnosed with dementia was €43,259, primarily incurred by accommodation. Resource use, that is, institutional care, community care, and accommodation, and corresponding costs increased significantly by increasing dependency. Path analysis showed that cognitive ability, functioning, and neuropsychiatric symptoms were significantly correlated with dependence, which in turn had a strong impact on annual cost. Discussion: This study confirms that cost of dementia care increases with dependence and that the impact of other disease indicators is mainly mediated by dependence.

scholarly journals Loving Others: The Impact of Compassionate Love on Later-Life Psychological Well-Being

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 480-481
Author(s):  
Eva Kahana ◽  
Tirth Bhatta ◽  
Boaz Kahana ◽  
Nirmala Lekhak
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Negative Affect ◽  
Positive Affect ◽  
Emotional Support ◽  
Later Life ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Psychological Well Being ◽  
Compassionate Love ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Existing scholarship in social gerontology has surprisingly paid little attention to broader loving emotions, such as compassionate and altruistic love, as potentially meaningful mechanisms for improving later life psychological well-being. This study examined the influence of feeling love toward other persons and experiencing love from others on later life psychological well-being. We conducted a 3-wave longitudinal study of a representative sample of 340 ethnically heterogeneous community dwelling older residents of Miami, Florida. The increase in feeling of being loved (β=-1.53, p<0.001) and love for others (β=-1.43, p<0.001) led to decline in odds of reporting greater level of depressive symptoms over time. The odds of reporting higher level of positive affect were significantly greater for older adults who reported feeling loved by others (β=1.16, p<0.001) and expressed love for other people (β=1.18, p<0.01). Older adults who felt loved had 0.92-point lower ordered log odds of reporting higher negative affect than those who reported lower level of love. The impact of compassionate love on depressive symptoms and negative affect remained statistically significant even after adjustment for altruistic attitudes and emotional support. The influence of loving emotions on positive affect was, however, explained by altruistic attitudes and emotional support. Our findings underscore the powerful influence of both receiving and giving love for the maintenance of later life psychological well-being. We offer support for the expectation that love is a significant force in the lives of older adults that transcends intimate relationships.

scholarly journals Positive Emodiversity Buffers the Association Between Stress and Depressive Symptoms

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 653-653
Author(s):  
Lizbeth Benson ◽  
Anthony Ong
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Life Span ◽  
Daily Diary ◽  
National Study ◽  
Younger Adults ◽  
Shannon's Entropy ◽  
Daily Experiences ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Optimal Functioning

Abstract Intensive measurements of individuals’ experiences allow for identifying patterns of functioning that may be markers of resilience, and whether such patterns differ across the life span. Using 8 daily diary reports collected in the second burst of the National Study of Daily Experiences (NSDE, n=848, age 34-84; 55%female), we examined whether positive emodiversity (Shannon’s entropy) attenuated the association between cumulative stressor exposure and depressive symptoms, and age-related differences therein. Results indicated age moderated the extent to which positive emodiversity attenuated the association between stress and depressive symptoms (b=0.11, p < .05). The attenuated association was strongest for younger adults with higher positive emodiversity, compared to those with lower positive emodiversity. For older adults, the association between stress and depressive symptoms was relatively similar regardless of their positive emodiversity. Implications pertain to for whom and in what contexts specific types of dynamic emotion experiences may promote optimal functioning and resilience.

scholarly journals Adapting the SHARE Program for Use With Families Facing the Challenges of Chronic Illness

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 626-626
Author(s):  
Silvia Orsulic-Jeras ◽  
Carol Whitlatch
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Illness ◽  
Disease Progression ◽  
Chronic Conditions ◽  
Family Care ◽  
Diagnostic Procedures ◽  
Dementia Care ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Positive Outcomes ◽  
Community Settings ◽  
Care Partners

Abstract Advances in diagnostic procedures have helped to make diagnosing Alzheimer’s disease and other dementias more accurate and to occur earlier in the disease progression. For persons living with dementia and their family care partners, finding programs that meet their needs for support post diagnosis can be challenging. Likewise, for persons with chronic conditions, few programs exist which help care dyads to create a manageable plan of care that addresses each person’s concerns and fears. SHARE, (Support, Health, Activities, Resources, and Education), originally designed for dementia care partners, has shown positive outcomes for both members of the care partnership. This presentation describes the development of the six-session SHARE intervention, its implementation in community settings, and its current standing as an evidence-based program and product that has been commercialized. Discussion will also focus on adapting SHARE for use with chronic illness families, highlighting revisions to program procedures, materials, recruitment, and evaluation.

Psychological prognosis after newly diagnosed chronic conditions: socio-demographic and clinical correlates

2016 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
pp. 281-292 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ching-Ju Chiu ◽  
Yu-Ching Hsu ◽  
Shuo-Ping Tseng
Keyword(s):  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Depressive Symptom ◽  
Chronic Conditions ◽  
Liver Diseases ◽  
Lung Diseases ◽  
Heart Diseases ◽  
Psychological Burden ◽  
Symptom Trajectories ◽  
Physical Limitations ◽  
Over Time

ABSTRACTBackground:This study was aimed toward discerning depressive symptom trajectories associated with different chronic conditions and toward finding modifiable factors associated with those trajectories.Methods:Data were drawn from the 1996–2007 Taiwan Longitudinal Study on Aging. Nine chronic conditions were selected, and mood trajectories were measured with the Center of Epidemiological Studies-Depression scale.Results:Among the nine chronic conditions we examined, four patterns of depressive symptom trajectories were identified: (1) elevated depressive symptoms and worsened over time after diagnosed with heart disease (n= 681), arthritis (n= 850), or hypertension (n= 1,207); (2) elevated depressive symptoms without worsening over time after diagnosed with stroke (n= 160), lung diseases (n= 432), gastric conditions (n= 691), or liver diseases (n= 234); (3) no elevated depressive symptoms after diagnosis but an increase in depressive symptoms over time for participants with diabetes (n= 499); and (4) no significant patterns after diagnosed with cancer (n= 57). Cumulative psychological burden over time was significant for participants with hypertension, diabetes, heart diseases, or arthritis. However, these effects disappeared after controlling for comorbidities and physical limitations. Moreover, psychiatric condition was found to play an important role in baseline depressive symptoms among participants diagnosed with lung diseases, arthritis, or liver diseases.Conclusions:Findings from this study provide information in addressing psychological burden at different times for different conditions. In addition, minimizing the incidence of comorbidities, physical limitations, or psychiatric conditions may have the prospective effect of avoiding the trend of increased depressive symptoms, especially when adults diagnosed with hypertension, diabetes, heart diseases, arthritis, lung diseases, arthritis, or liver diseases.

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