scholarly journals GRANDPARENTS CARING FOR GRANDCHILDREN: HOW AGE AND AGING IMPACT PROVISION OF CHILDCARE

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. S723-S723
Author(s):  
MaryBeth A Apriceno ◽  
Stacey B Scott ◽  
Sheri Levy
Keyword(s):  
Study Data ◽  
Multiple Roles ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Older Adulthood ◽  
Roles And Responsibilities ◽  
Spare Time ◽  
Wave Range ◽  
Dual Income ◽  
Economic Need

Abstract The economic need for dual-income households has contributed to more grandparents providing childcare for their grandchildren. Research on these grandparents has examined their life satisfaction, health, and spare time. Little work to date has examined how cross-sectional differences in grandparents’ age may contribute to when they begin providing childcare or how their increasing age while caregiving influences when they reduce or stop providing childcare. Using Health and Retirement Study data, we identified 5.38% of participants (N=516) who reported providing at least one hour of childcare for their grandchildren per wave (range=1-9,996) between 2004 and 2014. The resulting sample ranged from 44-88 years of age (M=59.78, SD=7.75) when they first reported providing childcare; 48.8% were retired during the study period. Using multilevel modeling, we tested age and retirement as predictors of individual differences in initial amount of childcare (intercept) and change in childcare (slope). Cross-sectionally, no significant differences in childcare hours were observed based on the age at which grandparents began caregiving or retirement status. Longitudinally, however, as grandparents got older during the study, hours of childcare decreased by 48 hours per year (B=-48.368, t(1584)=-6.55, p<.0001) relative to when they starting providing childcare. These results suggest grandparent childcare providers represent an age diverse group managing multiple roles and responsibilities who continue caregiving well into older adulthood. Future research on grandparents who provide childcare for their grandchildren should observe these individuals over time to better understand how aging impacts provision of care and to examine how aging may moderate previous cross-sectional findings.

scholarly journals Knowledge and Perceptions of Adverse Events Following Immunization among Healthcare Professionals in Africa: A Case Study from Ghana

Vaccines ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 28 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter Yamoah ◽  
Varsha Bangalee ◽  
Frasia Oosthuizen
Keyword(s):  
Adverse Events ◽  
Healthcare Professionals ◽  
Vaccine Safety ◽  
Study Data ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Detailed Knowledge ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Negative Perceptions ◽  
Study Participants

The spontaneous reporting of suspected adverse events following immunization (AEFI) by healthcare professionals (HCPs) is vital in monitoring post-licensure vaccine safety. The main objective of this study was to assess the knowledge and perceptions of AEFIs among healthcare professionals (HCPs) in Africa, using the situation in Ghana as a case study. The study was of a cross-sectional quantitative design, and was carried out from 1 July 2017 to 31 December 2017 with doctors, pharmacists, and nurses as the study participants. A 28-item paper-based questionnaire, delivered by hand to study participants, was the data collection tool in the study. The study was conducted in 4 hospitals after ethical approval was granted. The desired sample size was 686; however, 453 consented to partake in the study. Data were analyzed using SPSS (software version 22, IBM, Armonk, NY, USA), and chi-square and binary logistic regression tests were used for tests of association between HCPs’ characteristics and their knowledge and perceptions. Detailed knowledge of AEFIs was ascertained with a set of 9 questions, with 8 or 9 correctly answered questions signifying high knowledge, 5 to 7 correctly answered questions signifying moderate knowledge, and below 5 correctly answered questions signifying low knowledge. A set of 10 questions also ascertained HCPs’ positive and negative perceptions of AEFI. Results revealed that knowledge of AEFIs was high in 49 (10.8%) participants, moderate in 213 (47.0%) participants, and low in 191 (42.2%) participants. There was no statistically significant correlation between AEFI knowledge and professions. The highest negative perception was the lack of desire to learn more about how to diagnose, report, investigate, and manage AEFI, whereas the lowest was the lack of belief that surveillance improves public trust in immunization programs. There was a general awareness of AEFIs among HCPs in this study. However, negative perceptions and the lack of highly knowledgeable HCPs regarding AEFIs were possible setbacks to AEFI diagnosis, management, prevention, and reporting. More training and sensitization of HCPs on AEFIs and vaccine safety will be beneficial in improving the situation. Future research should focus on assessing the training materials and methodology used in informing HCPs about AEFIs and vaccine safety.

Community Pharmacist Preferences in Transition of Care Communications

2018 ◽  
Vol 32 (5) ◽  
pp. 524-528 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mackenzie A. Dolan ◽  
Chelsea P. Renfro ◽  
Stefanie P. Ferreri ◽  
Betsy B. Shilliday ◽  
Timothy J. Ives ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Community Pharmacy ◽  
Health Care Providers ◽  
Community Pharmacist ◽  
Community Pharmacists ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Study Data ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Transition Of Care ◽  
Care Providers ◽  
Cross Sectional

Objective: To determine community pharmacist preferences in transition of care (TOC) communications. Methods: In this cross-sectional study, data were gathered via electronic survey of community pharmacists regarding their preferences for TOC communications. The survey was distributed via email by the North Carolina Board of Pharmacy. Results were analyzed using descriptive statistics. Results: Survey responses were received from 343 community pharmacists (response rate = 6.1%). Responders most commonly worked in an independent, single store (29.2%, n = 100) or national chain (29.2%, n = 100) pharmacy setting. Preferred method for a TOC communication was via electronic health record (63.0%, n = 184). Preferred TOC communication content are mentioned as follows: active (93.2%, n = 274) and discontinued (86.4%, n = 254) medications and reason for hospitalization (85.0%, n = 250). The top 3 self-identified barriers to utilizing a TOC communication: lack of care coordination with community pharmacy (35.0%, n = 14), lack of support from other health-care providers (22.5%, n = 9), and absence of compensation for providing the service (17.5%, n = 7). When asked if TOC communications were available, 97.5% (n = 278) indicated it would be useful. Conclusion: Community pharmacists acknowledged a need for TOC communications and shared their preferences in the content and method of communication. Future research is warranted to implement TOC communications between a health system and community pharmacy.

scholarly journals Expectations Regarding Aging After Relocation to an Assisted Living Community

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 383-383
Author(s):  
Evan Plys
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Assisted Living ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Hierarchical Cluster ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Older Adulthood ◽  
Multidimensional Construct ◽  
Multidimensional Measure ◽  
Cognitively Intact

Abstract This study adds to the growing literature on attitudes toward aging in older adulthood by using a multidimensional measure to assess heterogeneous profiles of expectations regarding aging (ERA) in a sample of assisted living (AL) residents. The author analyzed secondary data from a cross-sectional quantitative study consisting of 202 residents of 21 ALs. Participants were mostly female (72%), white (90%), and widowed (59%); ages ranged from 51 to 100 (M = 83.05, SD = 10.32). Hierarchical Cluster Analysis identified four subgroups: (1) “healthy agers”, n = 54, 27%, characterized by high physical, emotional, and cognitive ERA; (2) “cognitively intact”, n = 41, 20%, characterized by low physical, low emotional, and high cognitive ERA; (3) “coping with decline”, n = 56, 28%, characterized by moderate physical, high emotional, and low cognitive ERA; and (4) “unhealthy agers”, n = 51, 25%, characterized by low physical, emotional, and cognitive ERA. Subgroups varied by mental health (healthy agers > unhealthy agers), cognitive ability (cognitively intact > coping with decline), and activity participation (coping with decline > unhealthy agers). Surprisingly, groups did not differ based on social support from co-residents, staff, or family. Results demonstrate that distinct subgroups of ERA exist among AL residents, supporting the utility of assessing ERA as a multidimensional construct in this setting. In addition, findings suggest that expecting to retain health and ability in at least one domain may protect against behavioral consequences of negative ERA. The author also discusses implications for future research and clinical practice in AL.

A Silenced Population

Crisis ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 38 (6) ◽  
pp. 433-442 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kim Gryglewicz ◽  
Melanie Bozzay ◽  
Brittany Arthur-Jordon ◽  
Gabriela D. Romero ◽  
Melissa Witmeier ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
At Risk ◽  
Depressive Symptomatology ◽  
The United States ◽  
Future Research ◽  
At Risk Youth ◽  
Peer Relationship ◽  
Student Records ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Method Student

Abstract. Background: Given challenges that exceed the normal developmental requirements of adolescence, deaf and hard-of-hearing (DHH) youth are believed to be at elevated risk for engaging in suicide-related behavior (SRB). Unfortunately, little is known about the mechanisms that put these youth potentially at risk. Aims: To determine whether peer relationship difficulties are related to increased risk of SRB in DHH youth. Method: Student records (n = 74) were retrieved from an accredited educational center for deaf and blind students in the United States. Results: Peer relationship difficulties were found to be significantly associated with engagement in SRB but not when accounting for depressive symptomatology. Limitations: The restricted sample limits generalizability. Conclusions regarding risk causation cannot be made due to the cross-sectional nature of the study. Conclusion: These results suggest the need for future research that examines the mechanisms of the relationship between peer relationship difficulties, depression, and suicide risk in DHH youth and potential preventive interventions to ameliorate the risks for these at-risk youth.

Cross-Lagged Relationships Between Self-Esteem, Self-Construal, and Happiness in a Three-Wave Longitudinal Study

2019 ◽  
Vol 40 (3) ◽  
pp. 177-185
Author(s):  
Daniela Moza ◽  
Laurențiu Maricuțoiu ◽  
Alin Gavreliuc
Keyword(s):  
Structural Equation ◽  
Time Lag ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Self Construal ◽  
Self Worth ◽  
Practical Implications ◽  
Independent Person

Abstract. Previous research established that an independent construal of the self is associated with higher self-esteem, which, in turn, is associated with increased happiness. Regarding the directionality of these relationships, theoretical arguments have suggested that self-construal precedes self-esteem and that self-esteem precedes happiness. However, most research in this area is cross-sectional, thus limiting any conclusions about directionality. The present study tested these relationships in 101 Romanian undergraduates using a 3-wave cross-lagged design with a 6-month time lag between every two waves. Structural equation modeling analyses revealed that self-esteem is an antecedent of both happiness and dimensions of independent self-construal (i.e., consistency vs. variability and self-expression vs. harmony). In other words, one’s positive evaluation of self-worth precedes one’s self-perception as being a happy and independent person. The findings are discussed with respect to the theoretical and practical implications, along with limitations and suggestions for future research.

Studying and More: Part-Time Employment as an Educational Challenge?

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 57-63
Author(s):  
Silke Heuse ◽  
Cathrin Dietze ◽  
Daniel Fodor ◽  
Edgar Voltmer
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Perceived Stress ◽  
Health Care Professionals ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Study Data ◽  
Future Health ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Professional Students ◽  
Educational Challenge ◽  
Part Time

Background: Future health-care professionals face stress both during education and in later professional life. Next to educational trainings, many students are forced to assume part-time employment. Objective: Applying the Job Demands-Resources Model to the educational context, we investigate which role part-time employment plays next to health-care professional students’ education-specific demands and resources in the prediction of perceived stress. Method: In this cross-sectional study, data from N = 161 health-care students were analysed, testing moderation models. Results: Education-specific demands were associated with higher and education-specific resources with lower amounts of perceived stress. Part-time employment functioned as moderator, i.e. demands were less associated with stress experiences in students who were employed part-time. Conclusion: Identifying part-time employment as a resource rather than a demand illustrates the need to understand students’ individual influences on stress. Both educators and students will benefit from reflecting these resources to support students’ stress management.

Assessment of Knowledge and Practice of Various Eye Diseases in Sulaimani: A Descriptive Study

2018 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Abdulrahman M. Ibrahem ◽  
Salah Q. Mahmood ◽  
Muhammed Babakir-Mina ◽  
Salar Ibrahim Ali ◽  
Bakhtyar Kamal Talabany
Keyword(s):  
Vision Loss ◽  
Good Practice ◽  
Study Data ◽  
Eye Diseases ◽  
Vision Impairment ◽  
P Value ◽  
Published Data ◽  
Knowledge Level ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Knowledge And Practice

Knowledge and practice of public, especially patients about eye diseases are important to reduce magnitude of human blindness. Vision and sight are very essential because they allow us to connect to each other’s. In accordance to the recently published data; the estimation of 253 million people lives with vision impairment, 36 million are blind and 217 million suffer from moderate to severe vision impairment. A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted at Shahid Dr. Aso Hospital in Sulaimani city-Iraq, from April to August 2017 by face-to-face interview through close ended questionnaire for data collecting. All data were analyzed by Statistical Package for Social Sciences version 22.0 software. P-value of < 0.05 was considered as a statistically significant. A total of 430 patients were randomly chosen to participate in the study. They were 254 (59.1%) males and 176 (40.9%) females. 76.7% of respondents was worrying about vision loss, 0.7% was worrying about hair loss. Of the participants, 32.8% was with a good knowledge level and 40.5% was with a poor knowledge level, as well as 3.1% was in a good practice and 58.8% was in a poor practice level. Female knowledge mean score was 9.53±4.96 and male knowledge mean score was 8.42±5.45, the practice mean score of males was 4.33±1.96 and mean practice score of females was 4.13±1.93. The study data indicate the worrying of participates about vision loss is in the highest proportion and the awareness and practice of patients about eye diseases is unsatisfactory. Health education campaigns are needed to improve personal awareness about vision related problems and for better eye health.

Nigerian physiotherapists’ perception of direct access and patients’ self-referral

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chidozie Emmanuel Mbada ◽  
Kayode D. Ojetola ◽  
Rufus Adesoji Adedoyin ◽  
Udoka A. C. Okafor ◽  
Olubusola E. Johnson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Support ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Study Data ◽  
Professional Autonomy ◽  
Direct Access ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Major Barrier ◽  
Physiotherapy Practice ◽  
South West ◽  
Validated Questionnaire

Background: The global advocacy for Direct Access (DA) and Patients’ Self-Referral (PSR) to physiotherapy is consistent with the quest for promoting professional autonomy and recognition. It was hypothesized in this study that the attainment of this clarion call in Nigeria may be hamstrung by challenges similar or different from those reported in other climes. Objective: This study assessed the perception of DA and PSR among Physiotherapists (PTs) in South-West, Nigeria. Methods: One hundred PTs from ten purposely selected public-funded out-patient facilities from South-West, Nigeria responded in this cross-sectional study, yielding a response rate of 75% (100/150).  A previously validated questionnaire for World Confederation of Physical Therapists (WCPT) on the global view of DA and PSR for physical therapy was used in this study. Data was analyzed using descriptive statistics. Results: There was a high awareness on legislation regulating practice (91%) and scope (84%) of the profession. Respondents assert that the extant legislation allows for DA (49%) and PSR (97%). However, 40% of the respondents opined that the baccalaureate qualification of PTs was inadequate for competence in DA and PSR; and a post-professional residency programme was mostly recommended (52%). Public support for DA and PSR to physiotherapy was rated more than the advocacy role of the Nigeria Society of Physiotherapy (60% vs. 40%). Physicians’ (71%) and politicians’ (65%) views were rated the major barrier to achieving DA and PSR status in physiotherapy. Similarly, physicians’ (90%) and politicians’ (88%) support was perceived as the major facilitator.  Conclusion: Physiotherapy practice in Nigeria has the semblance of autonomy in DA and PSR but is devoid of legislative support. Most Nigerian physiotherapists assume professional autonomy but were not aware of the lack of legal support for DA and PSR. The current entry-level academic curricula were considered to be deficient and inadequate for autonomous practice in Nigeria.  Physicians and politicians were the most important barrier or facilitator to achieving legal support for DA and PSR in physiotherapy in Nigeria.

HUBUNGAN ANTARA UMUR IBU DAN JARAK KEHAMILAN DENGAN KEJADIAN PERDARAHAN POSTPARTUM DI RUANG KEBIDANAN RSUD KOTA PRABUMULIH TAHUN 2016

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Desti Widya Astuti Desti Widya Astuti
Keyword(s):  
General Hospital ◽  
Post Partum ◽  
District General Hospital ◽  
Study Data ◽  
P Value ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Significance Level ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Post Partum Bleeding

ABSTRAK   Berdasarkan data di RSUD Kota Prabumulih bahwa terdapat peningkatan jumlah kejadian perdarahan post partum, tahun 2014 sebanyak 178 orang, tahun 2015 sebanyak 246 orang dan tahun 2016 sebanyak 151 orang. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan umur ibu dan jarak kehamilan terhadap kejadian perdarahan post partum di RSUD Kota Prabumulih Tahun 2016. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian analitik dengan rancangan cross sectional. Populasi yang digunakan adalah semua ibu bersalin di RSUD Kota Prabumulih, sebanyak 1.296 ibu bersalin dan 306 sampel. Pengambilan sampel dengan mengunakan random sampling, analisa data menggunakan analisa univariat dan bivariat dengan menggunakan uji statistik chi-square dengan derajat kemaknaan 0,05. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukan bahwa dari 288 ibu bersalin terdapat 151 yang mengalami perdarahan post partum sebagian besar adalah ibu dengan umur resiko tinggi sebanyak 43 orang  (40,9%) dan ibu dengan jarak kehamilan resiko tinggi sebanyak 21 orang (17,3%). Hasil uju chi-square umur didapatkan p.value 0,000 < α 0,05 dan uji chi-square untuk jarak kehamilan didapatkan p.value 0,000 < α 0,05. Maka ada hubungan umur ibu dan jarak kehamilan terhadap kejadian perdarahan post partum di RSUD Kota Prabumulih Tahun 2016. ABSTRACK   Based on the data at District General Hospital (RSUD) Prabumulih, there was increasing of post-partum bleeding, in 2014, there were 178 people. In 2015, there were 246 people. And in 2016, there were 151 people. The purpose of the study was to know relationship between maternal mother and the distance and old post-partum bleedingat District General Hospital (RSUD) Prabumulih in 2013. The study was analytic researchwith cross sectional design. Population thas was used in the study was all maternal mother ar District General Hospital (RSUD) Prabumulih. It was about 1.296 maternal mother and from 306. Random sampilng was done in the study, data analyses used univariate and bivariate analyses by using chi-square statistic test with significance level 0,05. The study result showed that from 306 maternal mother, there were 151 mother who experienced old post-partum bleeding, the large of that was high maternal mother 43 people  (40,9%) and mother age high distance 21 people (17,3%). The result of chi-square test was p value 0,000 < α 0,05 and chi-square test for age was p value 0,000 < α 0,05. It meant that there was relationship between maternal mother and the distance and of post-partum bleeding at District General Hospital (RSUD) Prabumulih in 2016.

scholarly journals Complementary Medicine and Self-Care Strategies in Women with (Recurrent) Urinary Tract and Vaginal Infections: A Cross-Sectional Study on Use and Perceived Effectiveness in The Netherlands

Antibiotics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 250
Author(s):  
Louise Witteman ◽  
Herman A. van Wietmarschen ◽  
Esther T. van der Werf
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Tract ◽  
The Netherlands ◽  
Complementary Medicine ◽  
Self Care ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Perceived Effectiveness ◽  
Vaginal Infections ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Treatment Implementation ◽  
Specific Symptoms

Due to the excessive use of antibiotic and antimycotic treatments, the risk of resistant microbes and fungi is rapidly emerging. Previous studies have demonstrated that many women with (recurrent) urinary tract infection (UTI) and/or vaginal infections (VIs) welcome alternative management approaches to reduce the use of antibiotics and antifungals and avoid short- and long-term adverse effects. This study aims to determine which complementary medicine (CM) and self-care strategies are being used by women suffering from (recurrent) UTI and VI in The Netherlands and how they perceive their effectiveness in order to define directions for future research on safety, cost-effectiveness, and implementation of best practices. A cross-sectional online survey was performed among women, ≥18 years old, with a history of UTIs; 162 respondents were included in the data analysis, with most participants aged between 50 and 64 years (36.4%). The women reported having consulted a CM practitioner for UTI-specific symptoms (23.5%) and VI-specific symptoms (13.6%). Consultations of homeopaths, acupuncturists, and herbal physicians are most often reported. Overall, 81.7% of the women suffering from UTI used complementary or self-care strategies besides regular treatment, and 68.7% reported using CM/self-care strategies to treat vaginal symptoms. UTI- related use of cranberries (51.9%), vitamin C (43.8%), and D-mannose (32.7%) were most reported. Perceived effectiveness was mostly reported for homeopathic remedies and D-mannose. The results showed a substantial burden of UTI and VI on daily and sexual activities. Besides the frequency of use, the indication of perceived effectiveness seems to be an important parameter for further and rigorously designed research to encourage nonantibiotic/antifungal treatment implementation into daily clinical practice.

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