scholarly journals Overabundance of unhealthy food advertising targeted to children on Guatemalan television

2020 ◽  
Vol 35 (6) ◽  
pp. 1331-1340 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emma Lucia Cosenza-Quintana ◽  
Analí Morales-Juárez ◽  
Manuel Ramirez-Zea ◽  
Stefanie Vandevijvere ◽  
Maria F Kroker-Lobos
Keyword(s):  
High Frequency ◽  
World Health Organisation ◽  
World Health ◽  
Unhealthy Food ◽  
Nutrient Profile ◽  
Food Advertisements ◽  
Food And Beverage ◽  
Health Related ◽  
Marketing To Children ◽  
First Time

Abstract To assess, for the first time, the extent (by hour channel) and nature (e.g. persuasive marketing techniques (PMT) and health-related claims) of unhealthy food advertisements (ads) targeted at children (3–11 years) on the six most-watched television (TV) channels in Guatemala. We recorded 864 h of video on the six most popular channels featuring children’s programmes. We classified food and beverage ads as permitted or non-permitted for marketing to children, according to the 2015 World Health Organisation (WHO) nutrient profile. Furthermore, we also analysed PMT (i.e. premium offers, promotional characters, brand benefit claims) and health-related claims. Most food ads (85%) were non-permitted to be marketed to children. Non-permitted food ads were six times more likely, either on weekdays or weekends, for all programme and channel categories compared with permitted food ads. There was no difference in the frequency of non-permitted food ads between peak and non-peak hours, weekend and weekdays or children and non-children programmes. PMT and health-related claims were present in all food ads (5.3 ± 1.9 techniques/claims per ad). There is a need to regulate food ads on TV channels featuring children’s programmes in Guatemala as a result of a high frequency of non-permitted food ads and extensive use of PMT together with health-related claims.

scholarly journals The Frequency and Healthfulness of Food and Beverage Advertising in Movie Theatres: A Pilot Study Conducted in the United States and Canada

Nutrients ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (5) ◽  
pp. 1253
Author(s):  
Stanley Wong ◽  
Elise Pauzé ◽  
Farah Hatoum ◽  
Monique Potvin Kent
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Pilot Study ◽  
The United States ◽  
World Health ◽  
Food Marketing ◽  
Convenience Sample ◽  
Nutrient Profile ◽  
Food And Beverage ◽  
Movie Theatre ◽  
Marketing To Children

The marketing of unhealthy foods and beverages contributes to childhood obesity. In Canada and the United States, these promotions are self-regulated by industry. However, these regulations do not apply to movie theatres, which are frequently visited by children. This pilot study examined the frequency and healthfulness of food advertising in movie theatres in the United States and Canada. A convenience sample of seven movie theatres in both Virginia (US) and Ontario (Canada) were visited once per month for a four-month period. Each month, ads in the movie theatre environment and before the screening of children’s movies were assessed. Food ads were categorized as permissible or not permissible for marketing to children using the World Health Organization’s European Nutrient Profile Model. There were 1999 food ads in the movie theatre environment in Ontario and 43 food ads identified in the movie theatre environment in Virginia. On average, 8.6 (SD = 3.3) and 2.2 (SD = 0.9) food ads were displayed before children’s movies in Ontario and Virginia, respectively. Most or all (97–100%) food ads identified in Virginia and Ontario were considered not permissible for marketing to children. The results suggest that movie theatre environments should be considered for inclusion in statutory food marketing restrictions in order to protect children’s health.

scholarly journals Children, Media and Food. A New Paradigm in Food Advertising, Social Marketing and Happiness Management

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (7) ◽  
pp. 3588
Author(s):  
Rodrigo Elías Zambrano ◽  
Gloria Jiménez-Marín ◽  
Araceli Galiano-Coronil ◽  
Rafael Ravina-Ripoll
Keyword(s):  
Eating Habits ◽  
Self Regulation ◽  
World Health Organisation ◽  
World Health ◽  
New Paradigm ◽  
Number Of Children ◽  
Food And Beverage ◽  
Qualitative Technique ◽  
Food And Drink ◽  
The One

The growing number of children who are obese or overweight in certain countries or geographical areas is a fact, as evidenced by the continuous studies and reports on the subject, endorsed or carried out by the World Health Organisation and independent research. In this context, food and beverage advertising can contribute to this. The main objective of this research is to evaluate compliance with the Food and Drink Advertising Code for Children (PAOS Code) in Spain and its relationship with nutritional habits on television, specifically on channels aimed at children. The methodology is therefore mixed: on the one hand, a qualitative technique based on discourse analysis and, on the other, a quantitative technique based on the content analysis of the advertising broadcast for seven consecutive days on three specialised channels and two generalist channels on Spanish television. The results reveal a systematic noncompliance with this code, which translates into inadequate eating habits among children. The immediate conclusion is that 9 out of 10 parts of food and drink advertising do not comply with any of the rules of the PAOS Code and that self-regulation by the advertising companies is negligible and insufficient.

scholarly journals Exposure of Children to Unhealthy Food and Beverage Advertisements in South Africa

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (8) ◽  
pp. 3856
Author(s):  
Daniel A. Yamoah ◽  
Jeroen De Man ◽  
Sunday O. Onagbiye ◽  
Zandile J. Mchiza
Keyword(s):  
South African ◽  
Healthy Food ◽  
Food Advertising ◽  
Regulation System ◽  
Unhealthy Food ◽  
The South ◽  
Food And Beverages ◽  
Persuasive Strategies ◽  
Food And Beverage ◽  
Marketing To Children

Television (TV) is a powerful medium for marketing food and beverages. Food and beverage marketers tend to use this medium to target children with the hope that children will in turn influence their families’ food choices. No study has assessed the compliance of TV marketers with the South African Marketing to Children pledge since the enactment of the 2014 food advertising recommendations by the South African Department of Health and the Advertising Standards Authority. This study investigated the extent and nature of advertising of unhealthy versus healthy food and beverages to children in South African TV broadcasting channels. The date, time, type, frequency and target audience of food advertisements (ads) on four free-to-air South African TV channels were recorded and captured using a structured assessment guide. The presence of persuasive marketing techniques was also assessed. Unhealthy food and beverage advertising was recorded at a significantly higher rate compared with healthy food and beverages during the time frame when children were likely to be watching TV. Brand benefit claims, health claims and power strategies (e.g., advertising using cartoon characters and celebrated individuals) were used as persuasive strategies. These persuasive strategies were used more in unhealthy versus healthy food ads. The findings are in breach of the South African Marketing to Children pledge and suggest a failure of the industry self-regulation system. We recommend the introduction of monitored and enforced statutory regulations to ensure healthy TV food advertising space.

Exposure to unhealthy food and beverage advertising during the school commute in Australia

2021 ◽  
pp. jech-2021-217032
Author(s):  
Gina Trapp ◽  
Paula Hooper ◽  
Lukar E Thornton ◽  
Kelly Kennington ◽  
Ainslie Sartori ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Status ◽  
Food Marketing ◽  
Unhealthy Food ◽  
Outdoor Advertising ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Marketing Environment ◽  
Dietary Behaviours ◽  
Food Advertisements ◽  
Food And Beverage ◽  
High Level

BackgroundFood marketing exposure has the potential to influence children’s dietary behaviours and health status, however, few studies have identified how ‘obesogenic’ the outdoor food marketing environment is along public transport (bus and/or train) or walking routes that children take to school.MethodsAudits of all outdoor advertisements present along likely train, bus and walking routes to 24 secondary schools (ie, 3 routes per school, 72 routes total) were conducted in Perth, Western Australia (WA). The size, content, type and setting of each advertisement were recorded in accordance with the International Network for Food and Obesity/non-communicable diseases Research, Monitoring and Action Support protocol for monitoring outdoor advertising.ResultsOf the 4016 total advertisements observed, almost half were for food (n=1754, 44%) and of these, 80% (n=1397) advertised discretionary (non-core) foods, and 8% (n=138) advertised healthy (core) foods. On average, commuting to school by train, bus and walking exposed Perth schoolchildren to 37.1, 22 and 4.5 discretionary (non-core) food ads per one-way trip to school, respectively.ConclusionsChildren living in Perth, WA experience a high level of exposure to unhealthy outdoor food advertisements during the school commute. Policies which restrict the placement and content of outdoor advertising, could be a useful strategy in the fight against childhood obesity.

scholarly journals Nutrient Profiling and Child-Targeted Supermarket Foods: Assessing a “Made in Canada” Policy Approach

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. 639 ◽  
Author(s):  
Charlene Elliott ◽  
Natalie Scime
Keyword(s):  
Eating Habits ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Regional Office ◽  
Nutrient Profile ◽  
Proposed Model ◽  
National Implementation ◽  
Health Related ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
Marketing To Children ◽  
Health Canada

Marketing unhealthy food and beverages to children is a pervasive problem despite the negative impact it has on children’s taste preferences, eating habits and health. In an effort to mitigate this influence on Canadian children, Health Canada has developed a nutrient profile model with two options for national implementation. This study examined the application of Health Canada’s proposed model to 374 child-targeted supermarket products collected in Calgary, AB, Canada and compared this with two international nutrient profile models. Products were classified as permitted or not permitted for marketing to children using the Health Canada model (Option 1 and Option 2), the WHO Regional Office for Europe model, and the Pan-American Health Organization (PAHO) model. Results were summarized using descriptive statistics. Overall, Health Canada’s Option 1 was the most stringent, permitting only 2.7% of products to be marketed to children, followed by PAHO (7.0%), WHO (11.8%), and Health Canada’s Option 2 (28.6%). Across all models, six products (1.6%) were universally permitted, and nearly 60% of products were universally not permitted on the basis of nutritional quality. Such differences in classification have significant policy and health-related consequences, given that different foods will be framed as “acceptable” for marketing to children—and understood as more or less healthy—depending on the model used.

scholarly journals Preface

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Job FM Metsemakers ◽  
Mora Claramita
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Primary Health Care ◽  
World Health Organisation ◽  
World Health ◽  
Health Coverage ◽  
Physical And Mental Health ◽  
Primary Health ◽  
Health Related ◽  
Development Goals ◽  
Sustainable Health

On 25-26 October 2018, the World Health Organisation hosted a Global Conference, in Astana, Kazakhstan. This conference, 40 years after the Alma Ata declaration of Health for All, refocused again on the commitment of governments to Primary Health Care (PHC), in order to ensure that everyone, everywhere, is able to enjoy the highest, possible, attainable standard of health.The Astana Declaration on Health for All has a long list of commitments and goals which can serve as guidance for governments to plan their health policy. Primary Health Care is described as the cornerstone of a sustainable health system for Universal Health Coverage (UHC) and the health-related Sustainable Development Goals. The WHO and governments are convinced that strengthening PHC is the most inclusive, effective and efficient approach to enhance people’s physical and mental health.

scholarly journals An analysis of food and beverage advertising on bus shelters in a deprived area of Northern England

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amy Finlay ◽  
Scott Lloyd ◽  
Amelia Lake ◽  
Thomas Armstrong ◽  
Mark Fishpool ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Young People ◽  
Deprivation Level ◽  
Food Advertising ◽  
Food Marketing ◽  
Television Programming ◽  
Nutrient Profile ◽  
Food Advertisements ◽  
Food And Beverage ◽  
The Uk ◽  
Almost All

Objective: To quantify the extent of food and beverage advertising on bus shelters in a deprived area of the UK that has no restrictions on this activity, to identify the healthfulness of advertised products and the creative strategies used and extent of appeal to young people, and to identify differences by level of deprivation.Design: Images of all bus shelter advertisements across the two unitary authorities were collected via in person photography (in 2019) and verified using Google Street View (photos recorded in 2018). All advertisements were coded according to advert type. Food and beverage advertisements were coded as brand or product ads and into one of seventeen food categories. These items were classified as healthy/less healthy using the UK Nutrient Profile Model. The deprivation level of the ad location was identified using the UK Index of Multiple Deprivation.Setting: This study took place in South Teesside, specifically the unitary authorities of Middlesbrough and Redcar and Cleveland.Participants: There are no participants in this study.Results: 832 advertisements were identified in total, almost half (48.9%) of which were for foods or beverages. Of the food and beverage adverts, 35.1% were classed as less healthy. Close to a quarter (22.2%) of food advertisements used creative strategies, almost all of these were competitions. Food advertisements were found to be of appeal to children under 12 years (47.3%) and adolescents, 13-17 years (70.5%). Most bus shelters, and therefore most food advertising, was in the most deprived area but not meaningful differences in advertising was found by level of deprivation.Conclusions: Food advertising is extensive on bus shelters in the UK, and a substantial proportion of this advertising is classified as less healthy and would not be permitted to be advertised around television programming for children. Bus shelter advertising should be considered part of the UK policy deliberations around restricting less healthy food marketing exposure.

scholarly journals The Nature and Extent of Online Marketing by Big Food and Big Alcohol During the COVID-19 Pandemic in Australia: Content Analysis Study

10.2196/25202 ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. e25202
Author(s):  
Florentine Martino ◽  
Ruby Brooks ◽  
Jennifer Browne ◽  
Nicholas Carah ◽  
Christina Zorbas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Content Analysis ◽  
High Stress ◽  
Community Support ◽  
Online Marketing ◽  
World Health ◽  
Unhealthy Food ◽  
Depth Analysis ◽  
Food And Beverage ◽  
Parent Companies

Background Emerging evidence demonstrates that obesity is associated with a higher risk of COVID-19 morbidity and mortality. Excessive alcohol consumption and “comfort eating” as coping mechanisms during times of high stress have been shown to further exacerbate mental and physical ill-health. Global examples suggest that unhealthy food and alcohol brands and companies are using the COVID-19 pandemic to further market their products. However, there has been no systematic, in-depth analysis of how “Big Food” and “Big Alcohol” are capitalizing on the COVID-19 pandemic to market their products and brands. Objective We aimed to quantify the extent and nature of online marketing by alcohol and unhealthy food and beverage companies during the COVID-19 pandemic in Australia. Methods We conducted a content analysis of all COVID-19-related social media posts made by leading alcohol and unhealthy food and beverage brands (n=42) and their parent companies (n=12) over a 4-month period (February to May 2020) during the COVID-19 pandemic in Australia. Results Nearly 80% of included brands and all parent companies posted content related to COVID-19 during the 4-month period. Quick service restaurants (QSRs), food and alcohol delivery companies, alcohol brands, and bottle shops were the most active in posting COVID-19-related content. The most common themes for COVID-19-related marketing were isolation activities and community support. Promotion of hygiene and home delivery was also common, particularly for QSRs and alcohol and food delivery companies. Parent companies were more likely to post about corporate social responsibility (CSR) initiatives, such as donations of money and products, and to offer health advice. Conclusions This is the first study to show that Big Food and Big Alcohol are incessantly marketing their products and brands on social media platforms using themes related to COVID-19, such as isolation activities and community support. Parent companies are frequently posting about CSR initiatives, such as donations of money and products, thereby creating a fertile environment to loosen current regulation or resist further industry regulation. “COVID-washing” by large alcohol brands, food and beverage brands, and their parent companies is both common and concerning. The need for comprehensive regulations to restrict unhealthy food and alcohol marketing, as recommended by the World Health Organization, is particularly acute in the COVID-19 context and is urgently required to “build back better” in a post-COVID-19 world.

Benefits of an NHS trust collaborating with the wound care industry

2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (Sup3) ◽  
pp. S34-S37
Author(s):  
Mark Collier
Keyword(s):  
Wound Care ◽  
World Health Organisation ◽  
World Health ◽  
Wound Management ◽  
Team Approach ◽  
Health Care Needs ◽  
Care Needs ◽  
Management Association ◽  
Health Related ◽  
Collaborative Working

The principle of collaborative working was widely promoted by the World Health Organisation (WHO) in 2010 when they wrote ‘that professionals who actively bring the skills of different individuals together, with the aim of clearly addressing the health-care needs of patients and the community, will strengthen the health system and lead to enhanced clinical and health related outcomes'. As a result of this, the development of a multidisciplinary team approach to the management of patients with wounds was actively promoted by various International organisations, such as the European Wound Management Association (EWMA) in 2014, however this article illustrates an example of how a collaborative working protocol has been incorporated within Tissue Viability and wound care environments within an NHS Trust for the past two decades.

scholarly journals Mapping of outdoor food and beverage advertising around primary and secondary schools in Kampala city, Uganda

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Oumy Erica Wie Dia ◽  
Anne Lene Løvhaug ◽  
Peter Milton Rukundo ◽  
Liv Elin Torheim
Keyword(s):  
Secondary Schools ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
Alcoholic Beverages ◽  
World Health ◽  
Food Marketing ◽  
Unhealthy Food ◽  
Outdoor Advertising ◽  
Food And Beverage ◽  
Kampala City

Abstract Background Marketing of unhealthy foods and beverages is recognized as a contributing factor to the global increase in overweight and obesity, particularly among children. Such marketing negatively affects children’s dietary preferences, food choices, purchasing requests, and consumption patterns. Given that little is known about food marketing in Africa, including in Uganda, monitoring children’s exposure to food marketing is essential to generate evidence on the problem and develop meaningful policy responses. The aim of this study was to describe the food and beverage marketing environment surrounding schools in urban and peri-urban areas of Kampala city. Methods Outdoor advertising around 25 randomly sampled primary and secondary schools within a radius of 250 m of each school was mapped. Information on size, setting, type, and position of the advertisements and the healthiness of the foods and beverages promoted was collected using the INFORMAS Outdoor Advertising Protocol. The occurrence of advertising was described using frequencies, median, and density per 100m2. Results A total of 1034 branded advertisements were identified around the schools. Of these, 86% featured unhealthy products, 7% healthy products, and 7% miscellaneous products. The most advertised products were sugar-sweetened beverages and alcoholic beverages (51 and 23%, respectively). Schools in the urban area were surrounded by more unhealthy ads than those in the peri-urban areas (median of 45 vs 24 advertisements). Conclusion The widespread extent of unhealthy food and beverage advertisements around primary and secondary schools highlights the need for food marketing regulation in Uganda, in line with the World Health Organization’s recommendations, to ensure that young people are protected from unhealthy food marketing.

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