scholarly journals Reducing discards in a temperate prawn trawl fishery: a collaborative approach to bycatch research in South Australia

2015 ◽  
Vol 72 (9) ◽  
pp. 2609-2617 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Gorman ◽  
Cameron Dixon
Keyword(s):  
Collaborative Research ◽  
Development Process ◽  
South Australia ◽  
Research Programme ◽  
Public Perceptions ◽  
Economic Sustainability ◽  
Trawl Fishery ◽  
Environmental Objectives ◽  
Almost All ◽  
Logbook Data

Abstract We present the outcomes of a collaborative research programme tasked with reducing bycatch, and thus discards in a temperate Australian prawn trawl fishery. Sea trials in the Gulf of St Vincent, South Australia, assessed the performance of a modified trawlnet that incorporated a rigid polyethylene grid and a T90-mesh codend. Compared with conventional designs, the modified net yielded marked reductions in bycatch (cumulatively >81% by weight), with pronounced decreases in sponge (92%), elasmobranchs (80%), teleost fish (71%), molluscs (61%), and crustaceans (78%). Using commercial logbook data, we estimate that the use of modified nets could reduce discards by ∼240 tons per year. This outcome was achieved with moderate declines in the catch rate (kg h−1) of the target species, Western King Prawn (mean ∼15%), of which almost all were small adults of low commercial value. Adoption of the modified net by industry was realized in March 2012, because it met environmental objectives (i.e. reducing bycatch and improving public perceptions of sustainability), reduced prawn damage, demonstrated commensurate financial returns, and engaged stakeholders throughout the development process. Overall, the project provides a useful example of bycatch research with demonstrable outcomes of improving the ecological and economic sustainability of prawn harvests.

scholarly journals Molecular Diagnosis of Koala Retrovirus (KoRV) in South Australian Koalas (Phascolarctos cinereus)

Animals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 1477
Author(s):  
Tamsyn Stephenson ◽  
Natasha Speight ◽  
Wai Yee Low ◽  
Lucy Woolford ◽  
Rick Tearle ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
South Australia ◽  
Rna Seq ◽  
High Complexity ◽  
Phascolarctos Cinereus ◽  
Viral Loads ◽  
Lymphoid Neoplasia ◽  
Central Regions ◽  
Almost All ◽  
Retroviral Infections ◽  
Koala Retrovirus

Koala retrovirus, a recent discovery in Australian koalas, is endogenised in 100% of northern koalas but has lower prevalence in southern populations, with lower proviral and viral loads, and an undetermined level of endogenisation. KoRV has been associated with lymphoid neoplasia, e.g., lymphoma. Recent studies have revealed high complexity in southern koala retroviral infections, with a need to clarify what constitutes positive and negative cases. This study aimed to define KoRV infection status in Mount Lofty Ranges koalas in South Australia using RNA-seq and proviral analysis (n = 216). The basis for positivity of KoRV was deemed the presence of central regions of the KoRV genome (gag 2, pol, env 1, and env 2) and based on this, 41% (89/216) koalas were positive, 57% (124/216) negative, and 2% inconclusive. These genes showed higher expression in lymph node tissue from KoRV positive koalas with lymphoma compared with other KoRV positive koalas, which showed lower, fragmented expression. Terminal regions (LTRs, partial gag, and partial env) were present in SA koalas regardless of KoRV status, with almost all (99.5%, 215/216) koalas positive for gag 1 by proviral PCR. Further investigation is needed to understand the differences in KoRV infection in southern koala populations.

scholarly journals Morphometry of lunette dunes in the Tirari Desert, South Australia

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 452-460
Author(s):  
Zhengyao Liu ◽  
Zhibao Dong ◽  
Xujia Cui
Keyword(s):  
Satellite Images ◽  
Development Process ◽  
South Australia ◽  
Morphometric Parameters ◽  
Formation Processes ◽  
Drift Potential ◽  
Regular Arrangement ◽  
Research Problems ◽  
Energy Environment ◽  
Lake Systems

Abstract Morphometry and formation processes are key research problems in the study of aeolian sandy landforms. Based on morphometric parameters inferred from satellite images and the calculation of the drift potential (DP), we examined general characteristics of lunette dunes in the Tirari Desert, South Australia, along with their morphometry and formation processes to determine how this landform type initially formed and its relationship to surrounding linear dune distribution. Results show that the morphometric parameters of lunette dunes and connective lake systems exhibit moderate correlations. It suggests that the morphology of these dunes is controlled by the lakes. Spatially, the lunette dunes present regular arrangement, and the strike of their alignment are approximately in accordance with the linear dunes. The calculated DP implies that the lunette dunes developed under a low-wind-energy environment, which is a wind regime similar to that required for the formation of the surrounding linear dunes. Even though, the resultant DP demonstrates that the summer wind should be responsible for the growth of the lunette dunes. However, accompanied with the repeated drying of lakes and even its disappearance during the dune development process, it not only contributes to the development of lunette dunes but also promotes their transformation to linear dunes.

scholarly journals Britain’s new language testing powerhouse: An interview with Professor Anthony Green, University of Bedfordshire

2014 ◽  
Vol 38 (5) ◽  
pp. 46
Author(s):  
Daniel Dunkley
Keyword(s):  
Language Learning ◽  
Collaborative Research ◽  
English Language ◽  
Language Education ◽  
Language Testing ◽  
Research Programme ◽  
Assessment Literacy ◽  
Learner Corpus ◽  
The University ◽  
Learner Language

In this interview Professor Green explains the work of CRELLA (the Centre for Research in English Language Learning and Assessment at the University of Bedfordshire), and its role in the improvement of language testing. The institute contributes to this effort in many ways. For example, in the field of language education they are partners in English Profile (EP: www.englishprofile.org), a collaborative research programme directed towards a graded guide to learner language at different CEFR (Common European Framework of Reference) levels, based on the 50 million word Cambridge Learner Corpus. Among other things, the EP has helped to inform the development of the CEFR-J in Japan. In this interview, Professor Green also outlines his own work, especially in the areas of washback and assessment literacy.

Residency and movement dynamics of southern rock lobster (Jasus edwardsii) after a translocation event

2015 ◽  
Vol 66 (7) ◽  
pp. 623 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adrian Linnane ◽  
Shane Penny ◽  
Peter Hawthorne ◽  
Matthew Hoare
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
South Australia ◽  
Rock Lobster ◽  
Directed Movement ◽  
Translocation Event ◽  
South West ◽  
Movement Dynamics ◽  
Close Proximity ◽  
Jasus Edwardsii ◽  
Almost All

Previous movement studies on the southern rock lobster (Jasus edwardsii) have all involved releasing tagged animals at the point of capture. In 2007, 5298 lobsters, in total, were tagged and translocated from an offshore site (>100-m depth) to two inshore sites (<20-m depth) in South Australia. After a period of 735 days, 510 (9.6%) had been recaptured. The majority of translocated lobsters were located within close proximity to the release points, with 306 (60%) having moved <5km. Of the remainder, 133 (26%) were recaptured within 5–10km, with a further 71 (14%) individuals having moved >10km. Movement patterns were highly directional in nature, with individuals consistently travelling in a south-west bearing, regardless of distance moved. In almost all cases, movement was from inshore to offshore sites, with female lobsters travelling significantly further (mean 5.66km ±6.41s.d.) than males (mean 5.02km ±9.66s.d.). The results are consistent with previous large-scale tagging studies of J. edwardsii, which indicated high residency levels but with occasional directed movement by some individuals.

Life and death in ancient Hermione. Excavations in the necropolis

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 ◽  
pp. 157-167
Author(s):  
Angeliki Kossyva
Keyword(s):  
Collaborative Research ◽  
Research Programme ◽  
Early 20Th Century ◽  
Life And Death ◽  
The Road ◽  
Ancient City ◽  
The Social ◽  
Continuous Use ◽  
The City ◽  
East West

The wealth of ancient Hermione is no longer visible: continuous habitation from c. 3000 BC down to the present day has obliterated most traces. Important information on the social organization and economy of Hermione can however be drawn from the tombs that have been unearthed. A large cemetery was discovered in the early 20th century just outside the city gate, stretching along the road leading to ancient Mases and in continuous use for a period of 1,500 years. It covers an area of 1.5 km east–west along the modern Hermione–Kranidi rural road, taking in the terrain to either side to a width of 160 m and extending south to Pron Hill and north to a patch of level ground some 60 m wide. In this article we focus on cemetery finds unearthed in the area south of the present-day Gymnasium-Lykeion school of Hermione, as they typically reflect the urban organization and economic development of the ancient city. These two themes comprise some of the goals pursued in the collaborative research programme between the Ephorate of Antiquities of the Argolid and the Swedish Institute at Athens.

CENOZOIC PLANKTONIC FORAMINIFERAL ZONATIONS OF SOUTHERN AUSTRALIA AND NEW ZEALAND

1975 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 42
Author(s):  
D. Graham Jenkins
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Rapid Development ◽  
Planktonic Foraminifera ◽  
Rapid Evolution ◽  
South Australia ◽  
Research Programme ◽  
Oil Exploration ◽  
Major Step ◽  
Fossil Species ◽  
A Minor

BIOSTRATIGRAPHIC DOCUMENTATION of fossil species of planktonic foraminifera has played a major role in correlating marine Cenozoic rocks because of their relatively high diversity, abundance, rapid evolution and wide geographic distribution. A major step was undertaken in Trinidad in 1945 with the division of the Oligocene-Miocene rocks into three zones based on planktonic foraminifera and with the intensive oil-search on the island, there began an equally intensive research programme and rapid development in the study.Two research projects, independent of each other, were initiated in Gippsland. Victoria in the 1950s which resulted in publications: (1) from surface samples, a faunal unit system was devised for the Upper Eocene-Miocene. and (2) 11 named planktonic foraminiferal zones were established in a four-foot sampled Oligocene-Miocene sequence of the Lakes Entrance oil shaft. The latter scheme was tested and expanded for 3 years during oil exploration on the East Coast of New Zealand during 1959-1962 and a further four years was spent thoroughly testing, and expanding it into 21 zones sub-dividing the whole Cenozoic time of 67my. The zones can be identified in both surface and sub-surface sections and used for direct, accurate correlations of marine rock sequences thus providing the geologist with essential data for the construction of maps and subsurface control.The zonal scheme was re-exported back to South Australia, later to Gippsland and used there with minor local changes in the off-shore oil exploration; in 1973 the zonal scheme was further tested during the Deep Sea Drilling Project Leg 29 in the area south of New Zealand and Australia.Studies of planktonic foraminifera and allied microfossils has resulted in the cheapest and most reliable method for rapid age determinations of Cenozoic marine rocks; in perspective it plays a minor, but essential role in oil-search. The zonal scheme is a dynamic model subject to change and improvement.

Dispersal of Silver Gulls, Larus novaehollandiae Stephens, from Breeding Colonies in South Australia

1985 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 279 ◽  
Author(s):  
JR Ottaway ◽  
R Carrick ◽  
MD Murray
Keyword(s):  
South Australia ◽  
High Status ◽  
Dispersal Patterns ◽  
North West ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Rubbish Dumps ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Dispersal Distances ◽  
Almost All ◽  
The City

Dispersal of Larus novaehollandiae Stephens, from 10 colonies in South Australia, was studied during 1968-8 1 by means of bands designed for identification of free-living, uncaptured individuals. Dispersal patterns were characteristic of each colony, even for three colonies which were, at most, 10 km apart. Almost all dispersal records came from the area between Adelaide and Melbourne, and within 30 km of the coast. After breeding, the majority of gulls disperse eastwards; however, dispersal from each colony was correlated with a shift of gull population into areas where food was available from human sources such as rubbish dumps. From colonies 80 km south-east of Adelaide, a major human population, the predominant winter dispersal of these gulls was north-west, into the city and suburbs. The maximum direct-line dispersal distances recorded for 95% of the 3133 resighted gulls were <458 km. The greatest direct-line distance recorded was 1430 km. Overall, there was no significant difference in the mean dispersal distances of juveniles and adults, although at distances >480 km significantly more juveniles (<2y) were seen than adults (>2y). This involved only 2.5% of the total number of birds resighted. It is suggested that older, dominant birds maintain high status at preferred feeding places, and juveniles are possibly more erratic in their movements, as they search for food. This would account for the difference in the dispersal ofjuveniles and adults from a particular colony, and also for the significantly higher proportion of juveniles found at extreme distances from their natal colonies.

Analysis Design for Assembly by MTM-2 (Methods Time Measurement-2) for Wood Joints in Furniture

2012 ◽  
Vol 566 ◽  
pp. 394-398 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sakkarin Choodoung ◽  
Uttapol Smutkupt
Keyword(s):  
Development Process ◽  
Evaluation Method ◽  
Research Study ◽  
Time Measurement ◽  
Design For Assembly ◽  
Motion Time ◽  
Wood Joint ◽  
Assembly Evaluation ◽  
Analysis Design ◽  
Almost All

This research study assembly process of a study of Wood Joints with Motion Time Study MTM-2 (Methods Time Measurement-2) and DFA (Design for Assembly) an assessment of the ability to assembly in the Feeding and Fitting. with LUCAS Assembly Evaluation Method for the results of the assessment and find the good-bad points of the assessment was applied. Wood Joint Index for this analysis is the feeding and fitting should not exceed 2.5 The pivot of the three groups in terms of feeding Index did not exceed 2.5 The advantages of the assessments, when applied to the wood. In general, the nature of Wood Joints must rely on to tool help in almost all assemble of the joints. Each tool is the difficulty of performing it. And in the Entrance of the parts are in a bad score. Tolerance in the 0.2 to 0.3 mm at the Wood Joint this is limitation is that the scores of these problems. So both of these topics for Wood Joints may be more table to the assessment more accurate and led to the development process for next time.

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