The role of early life growth development, the FTO gene and exclusive breastfeeding on child BMI trajectories

ABSTRAKGangguan pertumbuhan bayi pada usia dini menyebabkan bayi diberikan MP-ASI terlalu dini dan ibunya tidak memberikan ASI eksklusif selama 6 bulan pada awal kehidupan bayi. Dari hasil studi pendahuluan pada bayi berusia 6-11 bulan yang mendapatkan ASI eksklusif hampir sepenuhnya meragukan perkembangan. Jika ini terus berlanjut, bayi tidak dapat berkembang dengan baik di usia berikutnya. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui perbedaan perkembangan pada bayi usia 6-11 bulan yang mendapat ASI eksklusif dan ASI non eksklusif di Puskesmas kecamatan kecamatan Durenan Trenggalek tahun 2017.Desain penelitian ini adalah studi inferensial dengan pendekatan cross sectional. Sampel yang diambil dalam penelitian ini adalah ibu dengan bayi 6-11 bulan pada bulan Oktober di Puskesmas kecamatan kecamatan Durenan Trenggalek pada tahun 2017 berjumlah 40 responden yang diambil menggunakan metode probability sampling dari jenis sistem simple random sampling. Data dianalisis dengan analisis univariat bahwa distribusi frekuensi variabel independen dan dependen dan analisis bivariat menggunakan Mann-Whitney U.Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa dari 20 responden 95% yang mendapatkan ASI eksklusif memiliki perkembangan yang sesuai, 5% memiliki perkembangan yang meragukan, 0% mengalami gangguan perkembangan. Sementara 20 responden diberi 40% menyusui non eksklusif memiliki perkembangan yang sesuai, 60% memiliki perkembangan yang meragukan, dan 0% mengalami gangguan perkembangan. Hasil analisis statistik menunjukkan ada perbedaan perkembangan pada bayi usia 6-11 bulan yang mendapat ASI eksklusif dan ASI non eksklusif di Puskesmas kecamatan Durenan Trenggalek tahun 2017.Jadi dapat disimpulkan bahwa ada perbedaan perkembangan pada bayi usia 6-11 bulan yang mendapatkan ASI eksklusif dan ASI non eksklusif di Puskesmas kecamatan Durenan Trenggalek tahun 2017. Sehingga diharapkan bayi mendapat ASI eksklusif selama 6 bulan pertama dan dilanjutkan hingga 2 tahun dengan makanan pendamping (MP-ASI).Kata kunci : ASI eksklusif, ASI tidak eksklusif, pengembangan ABSTRACTDisorder of Infant growth in early life caused baby are given Complementary feeding (MP-ASI) too early and the mother didn’t give exclusive breastfeeding for 6 months in early life of baby. From the results of preliminary studies in infants aged 6-11 months who get non exclusive breastfeeding had almost entirely dubious developments. If this continues, the baby can’t develop properly in the next age. The purpose of this study to determine development differences in infants aged 6-11 months who get exclusive breastfeeding and non- exclusive breasfeeding in community health center sub district Durenan Trenggalek district in 2017. The design of this study is inferential study with cross sectional approach. Samples which taken in this study were mothers with infants 6-11 months in October in community health center sub district Durenan Trenggalek district in 2017 amounted to 40 respondents drawn using probability sampling method of the type system simple random sampling. Data were analyzed by univariate analysis that the frequency distribution of independent and dependent variables and bivariate analysis using Mann-Whitney U. The results showed that of the 20 respondents 95% who get exclusive breastfeding had appropriate development, 5% had dubious developments, 0% had disorder development. While 20 respondents were given 40% non exclusive breastfeeding had appropriate development, 60% have dubious development, and 0% had disorder development. Statistical analysis showed there are differences development in infants aged 6-11 months who get exclusive breastfeeding and non-exclusive breasfeeding in community health center sub district Durenan Trenggalek in 2017. So can be concluded that there are differences development in infants aged 6-11 months who get exclusive breastfeeding and non-exclusive breasfeeding in community health center sub district Durenan Trenggalek in 2017.So expected the babies got exclusive breastfeeding for the first 6 months and continued to 2 years with complementary foods (MP-ASI).Key Words : exclusive breastfeding, non exclusive breastfeding, development

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Role of Management Education in Entrepreneurship Development for Sustainable Growth- Development of Women Entrepreneurship

SSRN Electronic Journal ◽

10.2139/ssrn.3297985 ◽

2015 ◽

Author(s):

Priyanka Wandhe

Keyword(s):

Management Education ◽

Sustainable Growth ◽

Women Entrepreneurship ◽

Entrepreneurship Development ◽

Growth Development

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Breastfeeding practices among mothers of infants in Peringara Panchayat in Pathanamthitta District

Journal of Ayurveda and Integrated Medical Sciences (JAIMS) ◽

10.21760/jaims.v3i01.11637 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 3 (01) ◽

Author(s):

Aswathy S. ◽

Lakshmi M. K.

Keyword(s):

Exclusive Breastfeeding ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Community Based ◽

Chi Square ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Breastfeeding Practices ◽

Chi Square Test ◽

Type Of Delivery ◽

Initiation Of Breastfeeding

The study was aimed to assess the breastfeeding practices among mothers of infants in Peringara Gramapanchayat in Kerala. Study was a community based cross-sectional study among mothers of infants in Peringara gramapanchayat using a pretested questionnaire. 142 breastfeeding mothers of infants in Peringara gramapanchayat were studied and mothers who were not present at home during the study were excluded from the study. Study period consisted of 18 days between December 2015 and January 2016. Study variables includes type of delivery, initiation of breastfeeding, breastfeeding practices and role of ASHAs in promoting good breastfeeding practices. Statistical analysis was done using Pearson’s Chi-square test and T test. The study found that exclusive breastfeeding has been done by 68.3% of mothers. There is no practice of giving pre-lacteal feed, 95.8% of mothers have given colostrum to the new born. Statistically significant association was found between the type of delivery and time of initiation of breastfeeding (p less than 0.05). Time of initiation of breastfeeding was prolonged in case of Caesarean section. 49.3% of mothers have breastfed the baby within one hour. 55.6% of mothers were informed about importance of breastfeeding by ASHAs and only 20.4% of mothers were informed about period of exclusive breastfeeding and period of complimentary feeding by ASHAs.

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Role of GABA in plant growth, development and senescence

Plant Gene ◽

10.1016/j.plgene.2021.100283 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 26 ◽

pp. 100283

Author(s):

M. Iqbal R. Khan ◽

Syed Uzma Jalil ◽

Priyanka Chopra ◽

Himanshu Chhillar ◽

Antonio Ferrante ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Plant Growth ◽

Growth Development

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Early onset of overweight among children from low‐income families: The role of exclusive breastfeeding and maternal intake of ultra‐processed food

Pediatric Obesity ◽

10.1111/ijpo.12825 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Jayanne Mayara Magalhães Melo ◽

Bruna Larine Lemos Fontes Silva Dourado ◽

Risia Cristina Egito Menezes ◽

Giovana Longo‐Silva ◽

Jonas Augusto Cardoso Silveira

Keyword(s):

Low Income ◽

Exclusive Breastfeeding ◽

Early Onset ◽

Processed Food ◽

Low Income Families

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Gene regulation contributes to explain the impact of early life socioeconomic disadvantage on adult inflammatory levels in two cohort studies

Scientific Reports ◽

10.1038/s41598-021-82714-2 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Cristian Carmeli ◽

Zoltán Kutalik ◽

Pashupati P. Mishra ◽

Eleonora Porcu ◽

Cyrille Delpierre ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Dna Methylation ◽

Gene Regulation ◽

Cohort Studies ◽

Early Life ◽

Life Experiences ◽

Socioeconomic Disadvantage ◽

Mediating Role ◽

The Impact ◽

The Relationship

AbstractIndividuals experiencing socioeconomic disadvantage in childhood have a higher rate of inflammation-related diseases decades later. Little is known about the mechanisms linking early life experiences to the functioning of the immune system in adulthood. To address this, we explore the relationship across social-to-biological layers of early life social exposures on levels of adulthood inflammation and the mediating role of gene regulatory mechanisms, epigenetic and transcriptomic profiling from blood, in 2,329 individuals from two European cohort studies. Consistently across both studies, we find transcriptional activity explains a substantive proportion (78% and 26%) of the estimated effect of early life disadvantaged social exposures on levels of adulthood inflammation. Furthermore, we show that mechanisms other than cis DNA methylation may regulate those transcriptional fingerprints. These results further our understanding of social-to-biological transitions by pinpointing the role of gene regulation that cannot fully be explained by differential cis DNA methylation.

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Role of IgA in the early-life establishment of the gut microbiota and immunity: Implications for constructing a healthy start

Gut Microbes ◽

10.1080/19490976.2021.1908101 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 13 (1) ◽

pp. 1-21

Author(s):

Jielong Guo ◽

Chenglong Ren ◽

Xue Han ◽

Weidong Huang ◽

Yilin You ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Gut Microbiota ◽

Early Life ◽

Healthy Start

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Sexual dimorphic role of the glucocorticoid receptor in chronic muscle pain produced by early-life stress

Molecular Pain ◽

10.1177/17448069211011313 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 17 ◽

pp. 174480692110113

Author(s):

Paul G Green ◽

Pedro Alvarez ◽

Jon D Levine

Keyword(s):

Glucocorticoid Receptor ◽

Adult Male ◽

Life Stress ◽

Early Life ◽

Glucocorticoid Receptors ◽

Early Life Stress ◽

Nociceptive Threshold ◽

Male And Female ◽

Mechanical Nociceptive Threshold

Fibromyalgia and other chronic musculoskeletal pain syndromes are associated with stressful early life events, which can produce a persistent dysregulation in the hypothalamic-pituitary adrenal (HPA) stress axis function, associated with elevated plasm levels of corticosterone in adults. To determine the contribution of the HPA axis to persistent muscle hyperalgesia in adult rats that had experienced neonatal limited bedding (NLB), a form of early-life stress, we evaluated the role of glucocorticoid receptors on muscle nociceptors in adult NLB rats. In adult male and female NLB rats, mechanical nociceptive threshold in skeletal muscle was significantly lower than in adult control (neonatal standard bedding) rats. Furthermore, adult males and females that received exogenous corticosterone (via dams’ milk) during postnatal days 2–9, displayed a similar lowered mechanical nociceptive threshold. To test the hypothesis that persistent glucocorticoid receptor signaling in the adult contributes to muscle hyperalgesia in NLB rats, nociceptor expression of glucocorticoid receptor (GR) was attenuated by spinal intrathecal administration of an oligodeoxynucleotide (ODN) antisense to GR mRNA. In adult NLB rats, GR antisense markedly attenuated muscle hyperalgesia in males, but not in females. These findings indicate that increased corticosterone levels during a critical developmental period (postnatal days 2–9) produced by NLB stress induces chronic mechanical hyperalgesia in male and female rats that persists in adulthood, and that this chronic muscle hyperalgesia is mediated, at least in part, by persistent stimulation of glucocorticoid receptors on sensory neurons, in the adult male, but not female rat.

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Role of Exclusive Breastfeeding in Conferring Protection in Children At-Risk for Autism Spectrum Disorder: Results from a Sibling Case–control Study

Journal of Neurosciences in Rural Practice ◽

10.4103/jnrp.jnrp_331_17 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 09 (01) ◽

pp. 132-136 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Harshini Manohar ◽

Madhavapuri Pravallika ◽

Preeti Kandasamy ◽

Venkatesh Chandrasekaran ◽

Ravi Philip Rajkumar

Keyword(s):

Neural Development ◽

Exclusive Breastfeeding ◽

Feeding Practices ◽

Autism Spectrum ◽

Gut Microflora ◽

Typically Developing ◽

Lower Odds ◽

Children With Asd ◽

Typically Developing Siblings

ABSTRACTBackground: Gut microflora influences neural development through complex mechanisms. Feeding practices, especially breastfeeding influence gut microbiome and thereby play a pivotal role in immune and neural development. Current understandings of the role of healthy distal gut microflora in the development of immune and neural systems provide insights into immunological mechanisms as one of the possible etiologies in autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Studies have shown that optimal breastfeeding is associated with lower odds of being at-risk for ASD and children with ASD are suboptimally breastfed. Methods: The feeding practices of children with ASD (n = 30) was compared to their typically developing siblings as matched controls (n = 30). Information regarding feeding practices was collected from mothers through a semi-structured questionnaire. Results: About 43.3% of children with ASD received exclusive breastfeeding, whereas 76.7% of their typically developing siblings were exclusively breastfed. Exclusive breastfeeding was associated with lower odds for ASD (odds ratio [OR] = 0.166; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.025–0.65), while early introduction of top feeds was associated with higher odds (OR = 6; 95% CI = 1.33–55.19). Difficulties in breastfeeding were attributed to child-related factors in 13.2% of the children. Conclusion: Children with ASD are suboptimally breastfed compared to their typically developing siblings. Exclusive breastfeeding may confer protection in vulnerable children. Further studies on larger prospective sample are required to establish the association.

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