scholarly journals Effects of high fat diet and maternal binge-like alcohol consumption and their influence on cocaine response in female mice offspring

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
L Duart-Castells ◽  
L Cantacorps ◽  
R López-Arnau ◽  
S Montagud-Romero ◽  
B Puster ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Fat Diet ◽  
Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorders ◽  
Alcohol Exposure ◽  
Female Offspring ◽  
Blood Levels ◽  
Childhood And Adolescence ◽  
Standard Diet ◽  
Neurocognitive Deficits ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Increased Risk

Abstract BACKGROUD Prenatal alcohol exposure is a leading cause of neurobehavioral and neurocognitive deficits collectively known as fetal alcohol spectrum disorders (FASD), including eating disorders and increased risk for substance abuse as very common issues. In this context, the present study aimed to assess the interaction between alcohol exposure during gestation and lactation periods (PLAE) and a high fat diet (HFD) during childhood and adolescence. METHODS Pregnant C57BL/6 mice underwent a procedure for alcohol binge drinking during gestation and lactation periods. Subsequently, PLAE female offspring were fed with a HFD for 8 weeks and thereafter, nutrition-related parameters as well as their response to cocaine were assessed. RESULTS In our model, feeding young females with a HFD increased their triglyceride blood levels but did not induce an overweight compared to those fed with a standard diet. Moreover, PLAE affected how females responded to the fatty diet as they consumed less amount of food than water-exposed offspring, consistent with a lower gain of body weight. HFD increased the psychostimulant effects of cocaine. Surprisingly, PLAE reduced the locomotor responses to cocaine without modifying cocaine-induced reward. Moreover, PLAE prevented the striatal overexpression of cannabinoid 1 receptors induced by a HFD and induced an alteration of myelin damage biomarker in the prefrontal cortex, an effect that was mitigated by a HFD-based feeding. CONCLUSION Therefore, in female offspring, some effects triggered by one of these factors, PLAE or a HFD, were blunted by the other, suggesting a close interaction between the involved mechanisms.

Exposure to maternal hyperglycemia and high-fat diet consumption after weaning in rats: repercussions on periovarian adipose tissue

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Carolina M. Saullo ◽  
Yuri K. Sinzato ◽  
Verônyca G. Paula ◽  
Franciane Q. Gallego ◽  
José E. Corrente ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
High Fat Diet ◽  
Adult Life ◽  
Maternal Diabetes ◽  
Female Offspring ◽  
Standard Diet ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Intrauterine Environment ◽  
Tissue Samples ◽  
Maternal Hyperglycemia

Abstract Clinical and epidemiological studies show that maternal hyperglycemia can change the programming of offspring leading to transgenerational effects. These changes may be related to environmental factors, such as high-fat diet (HFD) consumption, and contribute to the comorbidity onset at the adulthood of the offspring. The objective of this study was to evaluate the hyperglycemic intrauterine environment, associated or not with an HFD administered from weaning to adult life on the periovarian adipose tissue of rat offspring Maternal diabetes was chemically induced by Streptozotocin. Female offsprings were randomly distributed into four experimental groups (n = 5 animals/group): Female offspring from control or diabetic mothers and fed an HFD or standard diet. HFD was prepared with lard enrichment and given from weaning to adulthood. On day 120 of life, the rats were anesthetized and sacrificed to obtain adipose tissue samples. Then, the hyperglycemic intrauterine environment and HFD fed after weaning caused a higher body weight, total fat, and periovarian fat in adult offspring, which could compromise the future reproductive function of these females. These rats showed higher adiposity index and adipocyte area, contributing to hypertrophied adipose tissue. Therefore, maternal diabetes itself causes intergenerational changes and, in association with the HFD consumption after weaning, exacerbated the changes in the adipose tissue of adult female offspring.

scholarly journals Effects of a high-fat diet on the lipid profile of oocytes in mice

2020 ◽  
Vol 24 (5) ◽  
pp. 533-538
Author(s):  
E. Yu. Brusentsev ◽  
E. A. Chuyko ◽  
K. A. Okotrub ◽  
T. N. Igonina ◽  
I. N. Rozhkova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oocyte Maturation ◽  
High Fat Diet ◽  
Total Lipid Content ◽  
Oocyte Quality ◽  
Blood Levels ◽  
Standard Diet ◽  
Obese Women ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Intracellular Lipids

There are evidences that obese women exhibit a detrimental oocyte quality. However, it remains unclear how this change is associated with obesity, indirectly – or directly through a change in the content and/or composition of lipids in oocytes. The aim of this work was to study effects of a high-fat diet applied to female donor mice on the amount and qualitative composition of lipids of immature and in vivo matured oocytes. A high-fat diet caused larger body weight in female mice compared with the control (p < 0.001; 44.77±1.46 and 35.22±1.57, respectively), and increased the blood levels of cholesterol (p < 0.05; 2.06±0.10 and 1.78±0.10, respectively) and triglycerides (p < 0.05; 2.13±0.23 and 1.49±0.21, respectively). At the same time, this diet does not affect the level of unsaturation of lipids in immature (0.207±0.004 in the experiment and 0.206±0.002 in the control) and matured oocytes (0.212±0.005 in the experiment and 0.211±0.003 in the control). Total lipid content increased during in vivo maturation of mouse oocytes. The amount of lipids was greater in mature oocytes in the experimental group compared to the control (p < 0.01; 8.15±0.37 and 5.83±0.14, respectively). An increase in intracellular lipid amount during oocyte maturation was revealed both after a standard diet (p < 0.05; 4.72±0.48 and 5.83±0.14, respectively) and after a fat-rich diet (p < 0.001; 3.45±0.62 and 8.15±0.37, respectively). Thus, during in vivo oocyte maturation in mice the content of intracellular lipids enhanced, the high-fat diet aggravated this dynamics of lipid increase during in vivo maturation of oocytes.

scholarly journals Perubahan kadar LDL dan HDL pada kelinci New Zealand White yang diberi ekstrak beras hitam (Oryza sativa L.)

2016 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jessica G. Runtu ◽  
Shirley E.S. Kawengian ◽  
Nelly Mayulu ◽  
Alexander S.L. Bolang
Keyword(s):  
Oryza Sativa ◽  
New Zealand ◽  
High Fat Diet ◽  
Oryza Sativa L ◽  
Diet Group ◽  
Standard Diet ◽  
Black Rice ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
The Mean

Abstract: Cardiovascular disease, especially coronary heart disease (CHD), is the leading cause of death annually. Low HDL and high LDL levels are related to the increased risk of CHD. Polyphenol such as anthocyanin in black rice could reduce the cardiovascular risks due to its antioxidant that has anti-platelet and anti-inflammatory activities. This study was aimed to determine the changes in LDL and HDL levels in rabbits fed with black rice extract (Oryza sativa L.). This was a true experimental study with a pretest posttest control group design. Samples were male New Zealand White rabbits, weighing 0.8-2.5 kg divided into four groups. Group A was fed with standard diet; group B was fed with high-fat diet; group C was fed with high-fat diet and black rice extract; and group D was fed with high-fat diet and atorvastatin. Data were presented descriptively. The results showed that the mean LDL level of group C increased by 6.5 mg/dl but one sample showed a decrease of 2 mg/dl. The mean level of HDL of group C decreased 0.50 mg/dl. This reduction was not as many as the other groups but one sample showed an increase of 5 mg/dl. Conclusion: Not all rabbits fed with black rice extract showed decreased LDL level and increased HDL level.Keywords: LDL, HDL, black rice extract Abstrak: Penyakit kardiovaskuler terutama penyakit jantung koroner (PJK) merupakan penyebab kematian tertinggi pertahunnya. Kadar HDL rendah serta kadar LDL tinggi berkaitan dengan meningkatnya risiko PJK. Polifenol seperti antosianin yang terdapat dalam beras hitam dapat menurunkan risiko penyakit kardiovaskular karena antioksidannya dengan aktivitas anti-platelet dan anti-inflamasi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui perubahan kadar LDL dan HDL pada kelinci yang diberi ekstrak beras hitam (Oryza sativa L.). Jenis penelitian ialah true experimental dengan desain pre test post test control grup. Sampel ialah kelinci New Zealand White jantan, berat badan 0,8- 2,5 kg. Kelompok A diberi pakan standar; kelompok B diberi diet tinggi lemak; kelompok C diberi diet tinggi lemak dan ekstrak beras hitam; dan kelompok D diberi diet tinggi lemak dan atorvastatin. Data disajikan secara deskriptif. Hasil penelitian mendapatkan pada kelompok C, rerata kadar LDL meningkat 6,5 mg/dl tetapi satu sampel mengalami penurunan sebesar 2 mg/dl. Rerata kadar HDL pada kelompok C menurun 0,50 mg/dl; penurunan ini tidak sebesar pada kelompok lainnya tetapi satu sampel mengalami peningkatan sebesar 5 mg/dl. Simpulan: Kelinci yang diberi ekstrak beras hitam tidak semua mengalami penurunan kadar LDL dan peningkatan kadar HDL. Kata kunci: LDL, HDL, Ekstrak beras hitam

Effects of Maternal Flaxseed Supplementation on Female Offspring of Diabetic Rats in Serum Concentration of Glucose, Insulin, and Thyroid Hormones

2019 ◽  
Vol 89 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 45-54
Author(s):  
Akemi Suzuki ◽  
André Manoel Correia-Santos ◽  
Gabriela Câmara Vicente ◽  
Luiz Guillermo Coca Velarde ◽  
Gilson Teles Boaventura
Keyword(s):  
Thyroid Hormones ◽  
High Fat Diet ◽  
Female Offspring ◽  
Flaxseed Oil ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Glucose Levels ◽  
Blood Glucose Levels ◽  
Flaxseed Flour ◽  
Maternal Consumption

Abstract. Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the effect of maternal consumption of flaxseed flour and oil on serum concentrations of glucose, insulin, and thyroid hormones of the adult female offspring of diabetic rats. Methods: Wistar rats were induced to diabetes by a high-fat diet (60%) and streptozotocin (35 mg/kg). Rats were mated and once pregnancy was confirmed, were divided into the following groups: Control Group (CG): casein-based diet; High-fat Group (HG): high-fat diet (49%); High-fat Flaxseed Group (HFG): high-fat diet supplemented with 25% flaxseed flour; High-fat Flaxseed Oil group (HOG): high-fat diet, where soya oil was replaced with flaxseed oil. After weaning, female pups (n = 6) from each group were separated, received a commercial rat diet and were sacrificed after 180 days. Serum insulin concentrations were determined by ELISA, the levels of triiodothyronine (T3), thyroxine (T4) and thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) were determined by chemiluminescence. Results: There was a significant reduction in body weight at weaning in HG (−31%), HFG (−33%) and HOG (44%) compared to CG (p = 0.002), which became similar by the end of 180 days. Blood glucose levels were reduced in HFG (−10%, p = 0.044) when compared to CG, and there was no significant difference between groups in relation to insulin, T3, T4, and TSH after 180 days. Conclusions: Maternal severe hyperglycemia during pregnancy and lactation resulted in a microsomal offspring. Maternal consumption of flaxseed reduces blood glucose levels in adult offspring without significant effects on insulin levels and thyroid hormones.

Non-Fasting Factor VII Coagulant Activity (FVII:C) Increased by High-Fat Diet

1994 ◽  
Vol 71 (06) ◽  
pp. 755-758 ◽  
Author(s):  
E M Bladbjerg ◽  
P Marckmann ◽  
B Sandström ◽  
J Jespersen
Keyword(s):  
High Fat Diet ◽  
Fat Content ◽  
Factor Vii ◽  
Amidolytic Activity ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Low Fat Diet ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Coagulant Activity ◽  
High Fat Diets ◽  
Fat Diets

SummaryPreliminary observations have suggested that non-fasting factor VII coagulant activity (FVII:C) may be related to the dietary fat content. To confirm this, we performed a randomised cross-over study. Seventeen young volunteers were served 2 controlled isoenergetic diets differing in fat content (20% or 50% of energy). The 2 diets were served on 2 consecutive days. Blood samples were collected at 8.00 h, 16.30 h and 19.30 h, and analysed for triglycerides, FVII coagulant activity using human (FVII:C) or bovine thromboplastin (FVII:Bt), and FVII amidolytic activity (FVIPAm). The ratio FVII:Bt/FVII:Am (a measure of FVII activation) increased from fasting levels on both diets, but most markedly on the high-fat diet. In contrast, FVII: Am (a measure of FVII protein) tended to decrease from fasting levels on both diets. FVII:C rose from fasting levels on the high-fat diet, but not on the low-fat diet. The findings suggest that high-fat diets increase non-fasting FVII:C, and consequently may be associated with increased risk of thrombosis.

Pengaruh Pemberian Ekstrak Anggur Laut terhadap Penurunan Kadar Kolesterol LDL Rattus norvegicus Jantan yang Mendapat Diet Tinggi Lemak

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 192
Author(s):  
RONALDO LAU ◽  
SULISTIANA PRABOWO ◽  
RIAMI RIAMI
Keyword(s):  
Cholesterol Level ◽  
Rattus Norvegicus ◽  
High Fat Diet ◽  
Ldl Cholesterol ◽  
White Male ◽  
Standard Diet ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Caulerpa Racemosa ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Male Wistar Rats

<p align="justify"><strong>ABSTRACT</strong><strong></strong></p><p align="justify"><strong>Background</strong>: High fat diet increase the absorption of lipid in the intestinum, that can lead to increase LDL cholesterol level in the blood. Sea grapes extract (<em>Caulerpa racemosa</em>) contains antioxidant polyphenolic group that can reduce MTP and ACAT-2 in the body that can decrease LDL cholesterol level in the blood.The purpose of this study is to know the effect of sea grapes extract  on decreasing LDL cholesterol of white male Wistar rats (<em>Rattus norvegicus</em>) fed with high fat diet.</p><p align="justify"><strong>Method</strong>:  24 white male Wistar rats, that divided into 3 groups: 1) group of rats fed with standard diet for 28 days; 2) group of rats fed with high fat diet for 28 days; 3) group of rats fed with high fat diet for 28 days and given 10 gram/kg body weight/day of sea grapes extract on 15<sup>th</sup>-28<sup>th</sup> days. Then the blood LDL cholesterol level measured on the 29<sup>th</sup> day.</p><p align="justify"><strong>Result :</strong> One-Way ANOVA Test showed there was significant difference (p=0.004) of LDL level between the group of rats fed with standard diet (12.37 mg/dl) compared to group of rats fed with high fat diet (17.87 mg/dl). There was significant difference (p=0.001) of LDL level between the group of rats fed with high fat diet (17.87 mg/dl) compared to group of rats fed with high fat diet and sea grapes extract (10.12 mg/dl).</p><p align="justify"><strong>Conclusion: </strong>high fat diet significantly increase blood LDL cholesterol level and sea grapes extract (<em>Caulerpa racemosa</em>) significantly decrease blood LDL cholesterol level.</p><p align="justify"> </p><p align="justify"><strong>Keywords :</strong>Sea grapes extract, LDL cholesterol, high fat diet</p>

scholarly journals Differential organ-specific inflammatory response to progranulin in high-fat diet-fed mice

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Maki Murakoshi ◽  
Tomohito Gohda ◽  
Eri Adachi ◽  
Saki Ichikawa ◽  
Shinji Hagiwara ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
High Fat Diet ◽  
Kidney Injury ◽  
Proximal Tubules ◽  
Tubular Damage ◽  
Standard Diet ◽  
Mrna Levels ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Organ Specific

AbstractProgranulin (PGRN) has been reported to bind tumor necrosis factor (TNF) receptor and to inhibit TNFα signaling. We evaluated the effect of augmentation of TNFα signaling by PGRN deficiency on the progression of kidney injury. Eight-week-old PGRN knockout (KO) and wild-type (WT) mice were fed a standard diet or high-fat diet (HFD) for 12 weeks. Albuminuria, markers of tubular damage, and renal mRNA levels of inflammatory cytokines were higher in HFD-fed KO (KO-HFD) mice than in HFD-fed WT (WT-HFD) mice. Body weight, vacuolization in proximal tubules, and systemic and adipose tissue inflammatory markers were lower in the KO-HFD mice than in the WT-HFD mice. The renal megalin expression was lower in the KO mice than in the WT mice regardless of the diet type. The megalin expression was also reduced in mouse proximal tubule epithelial cells stimulated with TNFα and in those with PGRN knockdown by small interfering RNA in vitro. PGRN deficiency was associated with both exacerbated renal inflammation and decreased systemic inflammation, including that in the adipose tissue of mice with HFD-induced obesity. Improved tubular vacuolization in the KO-HFD mice might partially be explained by the decreased expression of megalin in proximal tubules.

Effects of Maternal Hyperglycemia Associated with Snack Intake on Male and Female Offspring High-Fat Diet Preference on Infancy

Metabolism ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 116 ◽  
pp. 154635
Author(s):  
Gustavo Venâncio da Silva ◽  
Marina Galleazzo Martins ◽  
Giovana Pereira de Oliveira ◽  
Alessandra Gonçalves Cruz ◽  
Larissa Pereira Rodrigues ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Fat Diet ◽  
Female Offspring ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Maternal Hyperglycemia ◽  
Diet Preference

High Fat Diet Mediates Amyloid-β Cleaving Enzyme 1 Phosphorylation and SUMOylation, Enhancing Cognitive Impairment in APP/PS1 Mice

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-14
Author(s):  
Jian Bao ◽  
Zheng Liang ◽  
Xiaokang Gong ◽  
Jing Yu ◽  
Yifan Xiao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Performance ◽  
High Fat Diet ◽  
Amyloid Β ◽  
Normal Diet ◽  
Standard Diet ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Augmented Learning ◽  
Biochemical Analyses ◽  
Modifiable Lifestyle Factors

Background: Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is the most common form of dementia in older adults and extracellular accumulation of amyloid-β (Aβ) is one of the two characterized pathologies of AD. Obesity is significantly associated with AD developing factors. Several studies have reported that high fat diet (HFD) influenced Aβ accumulation and cognitive performance during AD pathology. However, the underlying neurobiological mechanisms have not yet been elucidated. Objective: The objective of this study was to explore the underlying neurobiological mechanisms of HFD influenced Aβ accumulation and cognitive performance during AD pathology. Methods: 2.5-month-old male APP/PS1 mice were randomly separated into two groups: 1) the normal diet (ND) group, fed a standard diet (10 kcal%fat); and 2) the HFD group, fed a high fat diet (40 kcal%fat, D12492; Research Diets). After 4 months of HFD or ND feeding, mice in the two groups were subjected for further ethological, morphological, and biochemical analyses. Results: A long-term HFD diet significantly increased perirenal fat and impaired dendritic integrity and aggravated neurodegeneration, and augmented learning and memory deficits in APP/PS1 mice. Furthermore, the HFD increased beta amyloid cleaving enzyme 1 (BACE1) dephosphorylation and SUMOylation, resulting in enhanced enzyme activity and stability, which exacerbated the deposition of amyloid plaques. Conclusion: Our study demonstrates that long-term HFD consumption aggravates amyloid-β accumulation and cognitive impairments, and that modifiable lifestyle factors, such as obesity, can induce BACE1 post-modifications which may contribute to AD pathogenesis.

Acute effect of high-intensity interval training exercise on redox status in the ovaries of rats fed a high-fat diet

2021 ◽  
Vol 33 (12) ◽  
pp. 713
Author(s):  
Rodrigo L. Furtado ◽  
Jonathan Elias R. Martins ◽  
Maria Alice F. Oliveira ◽  
Denise D. Guerreiro ◽  
Naiza A. R. de Sá ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Intensity ◽  
High Fat Diet ◽  
Interval Training ◽  
Redox Status ◽  
Female Rats ◽  
Standard Diet ◽  
High Intensity Interval Training ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Antral Follicles ◽  
High Intensity Interval

This study demonstrates the effect of a single high-intensity interval training (HIIT) session on the redox status of rat ovaries with excess adiposity. Forty Wistar female rats (mean (±s.e.m.) weight 94.40 ± 13.40 g) were divided into two groups and fed either a standard diet (SD) or a high-fat diet (HFD) for 62 days. At the end of this period, the rats were subjected to a single HIIT session and were killed 24 h after exercise. Both groups subjected to exercise (SDex and HFDex) generated a significantly higher antioxidant environment by presenting a higher thiol content, which represents a lower oxidation rate of GSH than their respective controls (SD and HFD). The percentage of morphologically normal primary follicles decreased, whereas that of antral follicles increased, in the SDex group. In addition, the HFD group had a higher percentage of degenerated antral follicles than the SD and SDex groups. Cells immunoreactive for α-smooth muscle actin were seen in the cortical stroma and thecal layer enclosing late secondary and tertiary follicles in all groups. Moreover, heme oxygenase and cytochrome P450 family 19 subfamily A member 1 (Cyp19A1) labelling was seen in all antral follicles. Progesterone concentrations were significantly higher in the HFDex than SDex group. In conclusion, this study indicates that a single session of HIIT may result in an improvement in ovary redox status because of metabolic muscle activity by inducing physiological adaptation after exercise in a paracrine manner.

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