scholarly journals Pre-Strike Ballots and Collective Bargaining: The Impact of Quorum and Ballot Mode Requirements on Access to Lawful Industrial Action

2018 ◽  
Vol 48 (3) ◽  
pp. 343-376
Author(s):  
Breen Creighton ◽  
Catrina Denvir ◽  
Richard Johnstone ◽  
Shae McCrystal ◽  
Alice Orchiston
Keyword(s):  
Collective Bargaining ◽  
Empirical Research ◽  
Trade Union ◽  
Qualitative Empirical Research ◽  
Industrial Action ◽  
Two Factors ◽  
Research Findings ◽  
Key Features ◽  
The Uk ◽  
The Impact

Abstract In 2016, the UK Parliament passed the Trade Union Act 2016 (TU Act 2016), which introduced new quorum and approval requirements for pre-strike ballots. In Australia, mandatory pre-strike ballots, including a quorum requirement, were first introduced in 2006. This article explains the key features of the Australian pre-strike ballot system and reports on quantitative and qualitative empirical research findings on the operation of the ballots process to analyse the majority and quorum requirements, mode of ballot (postal, attendance or electronic) and choice of ballot agent. Quorum is the biggest obstacle to Australian unions authorising strike action under the pre-strike ballot rules, and postal ballots fail to reach quorum at significantly higher rates than do attendance ballots. By introducing quorums and retaining the requirement that all pre-strike ballots must be conducted by post, the TU Act 2016 endorsed the two factors under the Australian regime most likely to impede the authorisation of strike action in a pre-strike ballot.

Changing Work and Work-Related Travel and the Impact of Covid-19

2021 ◽  
Vol 47 (3) ◽  
pp. 336-354
Author(s):  
Kiron Chatterjee ◽  
Fiona Crawford
Keyword(s):  
Health Outcomes ◽  
Digital Age ◽  
Data Series ◽  
Work Related ◽  
Policy Interventions ◽  
Working Practices ◽  
Key Features ◽  
The Uk ◽  
Almost All ◽  
The Impact

The nature of work was undergoing dramatic change before the pandemic as the digital age continued to transform all sectors of society. In this paper we describe pre-pandemic trends in types of work, the workforce and working arrangements in the UK. We show how these changes were having gradual yet significant impacts on commuting and other work-related travel which were apparent in national travel data series. Key features of these impacts were increasing diversification and flexibility in work travel. We bring together findings on how working practices and travel have been altered by the pandemic and report expectations and opinions on its longer-term legacies. The pandemic has accelerated pre-pandemic trends and led to a shift in how work is performed for almost all sectors of the economy – but grasping the opportunity for this to contribute to deep carbon reductions from transport and to improve equity and health outcomes will require carefully directed policy interventions.

scholarly journals Plan for the worst, hope for the best? Exploring major events related terrorism and future challenges for UK event professionals

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 513-526 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Baxter ◽  
Jenny Flinn ◽  
Lucrezia Flurina Picco
Keyword(s):  
Marketing Strategy ◽  
Significant Rise ◽  
Destination Marketing ◽  
Major Event ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Future Challenges ◽  
Research Findings ◽  
The Uk ◽  
The Impact

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to investigate major event related terrorism and the resulting challenges that event professionals may face when hosting major events in cities as part of a destination marketing strategy. Design/methodology/approach The research was based in the UK due to the significant rise in terrorist activities that have taken place in its urban cities in recent years. The exploratory nature of this study utilised semi-structured interviews with UK event professionals, enabling a preliminary, in-depth investigation of the challenges that events professionals face as a result of major event related terrorism. Findings The research findings identify three challenges faced by event professionals when organising major events: knowledge and understanding in relation to major event related terrorism; the impact of major event related terrorism in terms of responsibility and accountability; and managing for major event related terrorism in budgetary terms. Research limitations/implications The research is limited to the UK, other destinations will pose their own unique challenges when hosting and managing events. It is suggested that this research be evaluated against similar studies in other destinations. This is a preliminary study and each of the topics identified within the findings warrant further exploration in their own right. Originality/value The paper offers an insight into the challenges faced by event professionals in the UK when delivering major events as part of a destination marketing strategy. With the increase in major event related terrorism in cities the findings of this research are of relevance not only to event professionals but anyone with a role in destination and tourism development.

Representing Women: The Introduction, Context, and Implications of Reserved Seats for Women in the National Union of Public Employees

2021 ◽  
Vol 42 (1) ◽  
pp. 111-132
Author(s):  
R. H. (Bob) Fryer ◽  
Stephen Williams
Keyword(s):  
Trade Union ◽  
Full Time ◽  
Public Employees ◽  
National Union ◽  
Women's Participation ◽  
Economic Forces ◽  
Lay Members ◽  
The Uk ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Limited Change

This paper explores the impact of the decision by the National Union of Public Employees (NUPE) in 1975 to revise its constitution to include elected reserved seats for women on its executive and other bodies. The analysis is situated within the context of women’s employment and trade-union representation in the UK at the time. Reserved seats for women were part of a wider restructuring of NUPE intended to extend democracy, incorporate the emergent system of shop stewards formally into its structure and government, provide for more effective representation and mobilization of different sections of members, and increase the accountability of full-time officials to lay members and their representatives. The initiative was successful; and although women’s participation in NUPE did increase, this was uneven. This was not entirely unexpected given the limited change initiated in just one haltingly democratizing trade union and the wider social and economic forces that constrain women.

Australian Bills of Rights and the ‘New Commonwealth Model of Constitutionalism’

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Simon Evans ◽  
Julia Watson
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
High Court ◽  
Human Rights Protection ◽  
Rights Protection ◽  
Human Rights Act ◽  
Human Rights Act 1998 ◽  
Key Features ◽  
The Uk ◽  
High Court Of Australia ◽  
The Impact

This chapter examines the influence of the new Commonwealth model of human rights protection (exemplified by the UK Human Rights Act 1998) on the form of the two Australian statutory Bills of Rights, and then considers the impact of Australia's distinctive legal culture and constitutional structure on the operation of these instruments. In particular, it examines the impact of culture and structure in the decision of the High Court of Australia in R. v Momcilovic [2011] HCA 34; (2011) 280 A.L.R. As a result of that case, key features of the Australian Bills of Rights now diverge from the dominant UK approach, a divergence so striking that it may no longer be possible to identify the Australian Bills of Rights as exemplars of the new Commonwealth model.

Online Resources Chapter D: Industrial Action and Statutory Immunities

2020 ◽  
pp. 846-846
Author(s):  
David Cabrelli
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
Trade Union ◽  
European Convention ◽  
Online Resources ◽  
European Law ◽  
Trade Disputes ◽  
Industrial Action ◽  
The Law ◽  
The Uk

This chapter examines the law of trade disputes and industrial action in the UK, i.e. the law which regulates action taken by members of a trade union which imposes restrictions upon employers when collective relations between the employer and the workforce have broken down. The position is analysed in the context of the legality of industrial action in European law and under the European Convention on Human Rights....

Citizens' Readiness for E-government in Developing Countries (CREG)

2010 ◽  
pp. 215-233 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hany Abdelghaffar
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Empirical Research ◽  
Major Part ◽  
Relevant Literature ◽  
Electronic Government ◽  
Government Services ◽  
Government Project ◽  
Research Findings ◽  
Ict Infrastructure ◽  
The Impact

Many developing countries are facing difficulties in applying successful electronic government (e-government) projects. A major part of these difficulties that they are not used by citizens due to the lack of appropriate ICT infrastructure that support e-government services; in addition to the existence of a small percentage of citizens who are able to deal with such technology. This chapter introduces an empirical research that closely investigates the e-government weaknesses in developing countries from two major perspectives: e-readiness and trust. The research proposes a model based on e-readiness assessments and relevant literature that investigates the impact of citizens’ readiness for e-government (CREG) on e-government success within developing countries. The model was tested on the Egyptian e-government project as a sample of developing countries. The research findings confirmed the importance of the CREG model to achieve successful e-government projects in developing countries.

Designing services that are more than FAIR with User eXperience (UX) techniques

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carl Watson ◽  
Paulius Tvaranavicius ◽  
Rehan Kaleem
Keyword(s):  
User Experience ◽  
Project Managers ◽  
Geospatial Data ◽  
User Research ◽  
Research Findings ◽  
Real Value ◽  
Local Residents ◽  
User Centric ◽  
The Uk ◽  
The Impact

<p>More and more research data, models and software are being made accessible. This should, in principle, be of real value to the scientific community as well as decision makers, industry and wider society.</p><p>However, too often the data is not particularly easy to <strong>F</strong>ind, users can be left confused about terms, conditions and licences, therefore limiting <strong>A</strong>ccess. If a user actually manages to identify usable data that is <strong>I</strong>nteroperable with other relevant datasets and services they too often report that the process is not as easy they would like it to be. All of this results in valuable, accessible data remaining unused never mind <strong>R</strong>e-used.</p><p>Taking inspiration from the product design industries and applying the techniques of Service Design and User eXperience (UX) to develop user centric solutions would result in more intuitive, user relevant services that maximise the impact of making data and tools Open and FAIR.</p><p>This talk will present three use cases:</p><ol><li>UK Geoenergy Observatories: a complex and challenging programme of work to develop the digital infrastructure necessary to open up all research findings from two new Geoenergy testbeds in the UK.</li> <li>CAMELLIA rain garden calculator: a community engagement and co-design project in which rapid software prototyping led to local residents of a South London housing estate being able to co-design a new green space with environmental scientists and funding bodies.</li> <li>Geospatial Commission - Data Discoverability project: an evaluation of the current geospatial data portal landscape, involving user research and a UX evaluation of exiting portals. Resulting in a report on future improvements to geospatial data portals being submitted to the UK Government Cabinet Office.</li> </ol><p>This user centric, design led approach has provided developers with greater clarity on user requirements, resulting in more iterative and rapid deployments of digital services. End users, such as scientists, project managers and other stakeholders, reported a greater sense of ownership and investment in projects in which they are were throughout the research, design and development process.  </p><p> </p>

scholarly journals WHEN SEXUAL INFIDELITY TRIGGERS MURDER: EXAMINING THE IMPACT OF HOMICIDE LAW REFORM ON JUDICIAL ATTITUDES IN SENTENCING

2015 ◽  
Vol 74 (2) ◽  
pp. 307-328 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeremy Horder ◽  
Kate Fitz-Gibbon
Keyword(s):  
Case Law ◽  
Law Reform ◽  
Loss Of Control ◽  
Sexual Infidelity ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Key Features ◽  
Homicide Law ◽  
The Uk ◽  
Substantive Law ◽  
The Impact

AbstractIn October 2010, the UK Parliament brought into effect law that replaced the partial defence to murder of provocation with a new partial defence of “loss of control”, applicable to England, Wales, and Northern Ireland. Although it retained some key features of its controversial predecessor, the new partial defence was in part designed better to address the gendered contexts within which a large number of homicides are committed. In examining the impact of the reforms, we will focus on long-held concerns about the treatment of sexual infidelity as a trigger for loss of control in murder cases. The article undertakes an analysis of English case law to evaluate the way in which sexual infidelity-related evidence has influenced perceptions of a homicide defendant's culpability, for the purposes of sentencing, both before and after the implementation of reform. The analysis reveals that, in sentencing offenders post reform, the higher courts have failed to follow the spirit of the reforms respecting the substantive law by effecting a corresponding change in sentencing practice.

scholarly journals Peer Instruction

2018 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. fe5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jennifer K. Knight ◽  
Cynthia J. Brame
Keyword(s):  
Empirical Studies ◽  
Life Sciences ◽  
Peer Instruction ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Group Design ◽  
Teaching Guide ◽  
Class Environment ◽  
Research Findings ◽  
Key Features ◽  
The Impact

Peer instruction, a form of active learning, is generally defined as an opportunity for peers to discuss ideas or to share answers to questions in an in-class environment, where they also have opportunities for further interactions with their instructor. When implementing peer instruction, instructors have many choices to make about group design, assignment format, and grading, among others. Ideally, these choices can be informed by research about the impact of these components of peer instruction on student learning. This essay describes an online, evidence-based teaching guide published by CBE—Life Sciences Education at http://lse.ascb.org/evidence-based-teaching-guides/peer-instruction . The guide provides condensed summaries of key research findings organized by teaching choices, summaries of and links to research articles and other resources, and actionable advice in the form of a checklist for instructors. In addition to describing key features of the guide, this essay also identifies areas in which further empirical studies are warranted.

Bargaining and the Determinants of Teacher Salaries

ILR Review ◽  
1988 ◽  
Vol 41 (2) ◽  
pp. 263-278 ◽  
Author(s):  
Todd Easton
Keyword(s):  
School Districts ◽  
Collective Bargaining ◽  
Willingness To Pay ◽  
Educational Opportunity ◽  
Public School Districts ◽  
Teacher Salaries ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Two Factors ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Ability And Willingness

This study examines the impact of collective bargaining on salary setting in public school districts. Using a 1969–82 sample of Oregon school districts, the author focuses particularly on the roles of two factors before and after the introduction of collective bargaining: salary comparisons between school districts and school districts' ability and willingness to pay for education. No evidence is found that ability and willingness to pay influenced salary setting either before or after collective bargaining began, suggesting that bargaining does not serve to widen the gap in educational opportunity between wealthy and poor districts. On the other hand, inter-district salary comparisons significantly influenced salary setting throughout the period, but bargaining had little effect on the influence of that factor.

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