scholarly journals PSVII-3 Effect of feeding finishing steers two different commercially available blends of essential oils with or without benzoic acid on growth performance, carcass characteristics, and meat quality

2020 ◽  
Vol 98 (Supplement_3) ◽  
pp. 166-167
Author(s):  
Lydia M Wang ◽  
Benjamin M Bohrer
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oil ◽  
Benzoic Acid ◽  
Essential Oils ◽  
Growth Performance ◽  
Meat Quality ◽  
Carcass Characteristics ◽  
Quality Parameters ◽  
Feed Additives ◽  
Finishing Steers ◽  
Oil Blend

Abstract This study examined the effects of feeding two different commercially available blends of essential oils with or without benzoic acid on growth performance, carcass characteristics, and meat quality of finishing steers. Angus-based crossbred steers (N = 76; allocation BW = 429 ± 30 kg; starting BW = 466 kg ± 31 kg) were assigned by allocation weight into two blocks. Within each block, steers were randomly assigned to one of seven dietary treatments for a 100 d finishing period. Treatments were: 1) a negative control with no additives; 2) a positive control with supplementation of monensin/tylosin; 3) essential oil blend #1 (Victus Liv, DSM Nutritional Products); 4) essential oil blend #2 (Fortissa Fit 45, Provimi Canada); 5) benzoic acid (VevoVitall, DSM Nutritional Products); 6) a combination of essential oil blend #1 and benzoic acid; and 7) a combination of essential oil blend #2 and benzoic acid. All feed additives were supplemented at dosage levels according to manufacturer instructions. Growth performance, carcass characteristics, and meat quality were evaluated. Individual animal feed intake was collected using an Insentec feeding system, therefore steer was the experimental unit for all analyses. Data were analyzed using a RCBD with fixed effect of treatment and random effect of block. Final BW, ADG, DMI, and G:F were similar (P > 0.25) among treatments. There were no treatment differences (P > 0.15) for the carcass characteristics or the meat quality parameters evaluated in this study. Overall, steers supplemented with the commercial blends of essential oils with or without benzoic acid had similar growth performance, carcass characteristics, and meat quality parameters as steers fed CON or M/T, indicating that these products may have potential as replacements for monensin and/or tylosin.

Effects of feeding two different blends of essential oils to finishing steers on growth performance, carcass characteristics, meat quality, meat composition, and shelf life

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Justice B. Dorleku ◽  
Lydia M. Wang ◽  
Ziyu Zhou ◽  
Ira B. Mandell ◽  
Benjamin M Bohrer
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oil ◽  
Essential Oils ◽  
Meat Quality ◽  
Carcass Characteristics ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Feed Additives ◽  
Oil Blends ◽  
Finishing Steers ◽  
Dietary Treatments

The objective was to evaluate the effects of feeding two different commercially available blends of essential oils to finishing steers to replace conventional feed additives in feedlot diets. Angus-based crossbred steers (N=43; starting BW=466±31 kg) were used in a randomized complete block design. Steers were randomly assigned to four different dietary treatments for the 100-day finishing period in which steers were fed high moisture corn/alfalfa silage/soybean meal diets. Dietary treatments included a negative control (no additives; CON), a positive control (33 mg/kg monensin and 11 mg/kg tylosin added to the diet; M/T), and two different proprietary blends of essential oils [EO-1: 1 g/steer/day Victus Liv (DSM Nutritional Products) and EO-2: 4 g/steer/day Fortissa Fit 45 (Provimi Canada ULC)]. Growth performance, carcass characteristics, meat quality, sensory attributes (excluding juiciness), most fatty acid parameters, and shelf-life (color and lipid oxidative stability) were generally unaffected by the inclusion of two different commercially available essential oil blends when compared with both a negative control (CON) and a positive control (M/T). This indicates that commercially available essential oil blends may show promise as a replacement to conventional feed additives like antibiotics without causing negative effects to meat quality, storage stability, and eating experience.

scholarly journals PSVII-7 Fatty acid profile is not affected by feeding finishing cattle essential oils and/or benzoic acid

2020 ◽  
Vol 98 (Supplement_3) ◽  
pp. 166-166
Author(s):  
Lydia M Wang ◽  
Benjamin M Bohrer
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Essential Oil ◽  
Benzoic Acid ◽  
Essential Oils ◽  
Fatty Acid Profile ◽  
Subcutaneous Fat ◽  
Finishing Diets ◽  
Finishing Steers ◽  
Oil Blend

Abstract Fatty acid profile of beef subcutaneous fat was evaluated in two separate studies where blends of essential oils and/or benzoic acid were fed to finishing steers. Study 1 had sixty-eight finishing steers that were fed 1 of 5 finishing diets: no additional supplement, monensin/tylosin, essential oil blend #1 (Victus Liv, DSM Nutritional Products), benzoic acid (VevoVitall, DSM Nutritional Products), or a combination of essential oil blend #1 and benzoic acid. Study 2 had seventy-six finishing steers that were fed 1 of 7 finishing diets: no additional supplement, monensin/tylosin, essential oil blend #1, essential oil blend #2 (Fortissa Fit 45, Provimi Canada), benzoic acid, a combination of essential oil blend #1 and benzoic acid, or a combination of essential oil blend #2 and benzoic acid. All feed additives were supplemented according to manufacturer instructions, which were 33 mg/kg of monensin, 11 mg/kg of tylosin, 1 g/steer/day of essential oil blend #1, 4 g/steer/day of essential oil blend #2, and 0.5% inclusion level (on a DM basis) of benzoic acid. Fatty acid profile was determined on a 4 cm × 1 cm × 1 cm sample of subcutaneous fat from the 12th rib location of each steer. Fatty acid methyl esters were used to identify and quantify individual fatty acids using gas chromatography. Data were analyzed separately for the two studies, using a RCBD with fixed effect of treatment, and random effects of block (allocation weight of the steers) and the interaction of treatment and block. Total saturated fatty acids (SFA), total monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFA), total polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA), MUFA:SFA, PUFA:SFA, and n6:n3 were not different (P > 0.09) between treatments for either study. Overall, it was concluded that supplementation of essential oils and/or benzoic acid did not affect fatty acid profile of beef subcutaneous fat.

scholarly journals Relationships between Hha1 Calpastatin Gene Polymorphism, Growth Performance, and Meat Characteristics of Awassi Sheep

Animals ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (9) ◽  
pp. 667
Author(s):  
Khaleel I. Jawasreh ◽  
Ahmad H. Al-Amareen ◽  
Pauline Y. Aad
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Growth Performance ◽  
Meat Quality ◽  
Gene Polymorphisms ◽  
Carcass Characteristics ◽  
Quality Parameters ◽  
Longissimus Muscle ◽  
Final Body Weight ◽  
Awassi Sheep ◽  
Ram Lambs

Advances in molecular genetics have allowed the identification of genes that can enhance livestock production. The aim of this study was to investigate possible relationships between the calpastatin (CAST) Hha1 gene polymorphisms and growth performance, carcass characteristics, and meat quality in Awassi sheep. A total of 87 blood samples were collected from two-week-old Awassi ram lambs. The amplification of the CAST Hha1 gene yielded a fragment of 622 bp. Three CAST genotypes were found in Awassi sheep: MM for two fragments (385 bp and 281 bp), MN for three fragments (622 bp, 385 bp, and 281 bp), and NN for only one fragment (622 bp). The M and N allele frequencies of the CAST Hha1 genotypes were 0.765 and 0.235, respectively, while the genotypic frequencies of MM, MN, and NN were 0.586, 0.356, and 0.057, respectively. Based on CAST Hha1 gene polymorphisms, three groups of lambs (MM: n = 8; MN: n = 6; and NN: n = 3 genotypes) were subjected to a fattening period of 70 days to investigate growth performance and meat characteristics. Only the final body weight and longissimus muscle width were significantly different between the three genotypes, while no significant differences were detected in any other carcass characteristics and meat quality parameters. In this study, new variants were observed in CAST using the Hha1 restriction site, potentially assisting in Awassi sheep breeding and selection programs to improve final body weight and longissimus muscle width.

scholarly journals Effects of using essential oil of Lavandula stoechas in quail feed on growth performance, carcass characteristics, meat quality, and health status

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 789-795
Author(s):  
Ouafa Laghouati ◽  
Fodil Arbouche ◽  
Yasmine Arbouche
Keyword(s):  
Health Status ◽  
Essential Oil ◽  
Growth Performance ◽  
Meat Quality ◽  
Bacterial Load ◽  
Carcass Characteristics ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Breeding Period ◽  
Average Weight ◽  
Lavandula Stoechas

Aim: The aim of this study was to determine the effects of essential oil of Lavandula stoechas (Lavender) on growth performance, carcass characteristics, meat quality, and health status of quails. Materials and Methods: A group of 600 1-day-old Japanese quail chicks (Coturnix japonica), with an average weight of 6.8±0.2 g and a 1:1 sex ratio, were randomly assigned to four groups (150 chicks/group): three experimental groups which depend on the incorporation of lavender oil (LO) in the different phases of breeding and one control group. The experimental groups received a supplement of 1 g LO per kg of feed distributed sequentially throughout the entire 42-day breeding period. Results: No deaths were recorded throughout the breeding period. Highly significant differences were observed among the groups with regard to body weight measured on day 20 and day 42 (p<0.001 and p<0.01, respectively). The addition of LO was accompanied by reductions in liver weights; furthermore, LO had a significant effect on the pH, water content, and fat content of the meat (p<0.05). Administration of LO had a measurable effect on the endogenous intestinal population of Lactobacillus, and the bacterial load (including those of Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus) was significantly reduced. Conclusion: Our results demonstrate that supplementing quail feed with LO has a profound effect on their growth as well as antimicrobial effects.

scholarly journals Combination of carbohydrases and essential oils improve dietary performance of feedlot steers on a high-energy diet

2022 ◽  
Vol 43 (2) ◽  
pp. 523-540
Author(s):  
Jorge Augusto Dias da Costa Abreu ◽  
◽  
Mikael Neumann ◽  
Wagner Paris ◽  
André Martins de Souza ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oil ◽  
Essential Oils ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Feed Additives ◽  
Ingestive Behavior ◽  
Feedlot Steers ◽  
Carcass Parameters ◽  
Oil Blend ◽  
Enzymatic Complex

Essential oils and enzymes are alternatives to feed additives for ruminants that aim to replace the use of ionophores and improve animal performance, but their mechanisms of action are different. Therefore, the present study aimed to verify if there is a synergistic effect in the combined use of enzymes carbohydrates and essential oils on the performance, ingestive behavior and carcass traits of steers fed a high-energy diet. During the finishing period of 78 days, 40 steers were assigned to four treatments: CON- control; ENZ- enzymatic complex; EO- essential oil blend; ENZ+EO - enzymatic complex combined with essential oil blend. Regardless of the feedlot periods, the ENZ+EO treatment caused a reduction in the dry matter intake (12.48%) compared to the control. The ENZ+EO treatment resulted in the lowest mean fecal output and, consequently, the highest dry matter digestibility (DMD) and starch digestibility (SD), compared to the other treatments. Animals that received EO and ENZ+EO in the diet spent more time in feeding. As for the number of times animals visited the feeding trough, the highest values were presented by the animals in the EO, ENZ and ENZ+EO treatments. For the carcass parameters, only the subcutaneous fat thickness on the rib was significantly different between treatments, with the highest values obtained by adding EO and ENZ+EO (8.80 and 8.10 mm respectively). Thus, the combination of carbohydrate enzymes and essential oils proved to be synergistically beneficial in relation to better use of nutrients and productive performance of feedlot steers.

scholarly journals 76 Effects of replacing monensin and tylosin in finishing cattle diets with essential oils and/or benzoic acid on growth performance and carcass characteristics

2019 ◽  
Vol 97 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. 42-43
Author(s):  
Lydia M Wang ◽  
Ira B Mandell ◽  
Benjamin M Bohrer
Keyword(s):  
Benzoic Acid ◽  
Essential Oils ◽  
Growth Performance ◽  
Feed Intake ◽  
Feed Efficiency ◽  
Carcass Characteristics ◽  
Feed Ratio ◽  
Finishing Cattle ◽  
Quality Grade ◽  
Dietary Treatments

Abstract This study examined the effects of replacing monensin and tylosin with essential oils and/or benzoic acid in finishing cattle diets on growth performance, feed efficiency, and carcass characteristics. Crossbred steers (n = 68; BW = 539 ± 4 kg) were blocked by starting weight into three blocks and were assigned to 1 of 5 finishing diets: no additional supplement (CON), monensin/tylosin (M/T), essential oils (EO), benzoic acid (BA), or a combination of essential oils and benzoic acid (COMBO). Steers were housed with two dietary treatments represented in seven pens, while an eighth pen only housed steers fed the CON diet. Individual animal feed intake was collected using an Insentec feeding system, so steer was the experimental unit for all analyses. Data were analyzed using a randomized complete block design with fixed effect of treatment and random effect of block. Final weight, average daily gain, and dry matter intake were similar (P > 0.12) among treatments. Gain to feed ratio differed (P = 0.05) among treatments, specifically steers fed the M/T diet had greater G:F compared with steers fed CON, EO, and COMBO diets. For carcass characteristics, there were no significant treatment differences in hot carcass weight (P = 0.19), dressing percentage (P = 0.62), ribeye area (P = 0.49), fat thickness (P = 0.84), calculated yield grade (P = 0.91), marbling score (P = 0.07), and yield grade (P = 0.43). Quality grade differed (P = 0.05) among treatments, with steers fed the EO diet having a lower quality grade than all other dietary treatments. Overall, steers supplemented with essential oils and(or) benzoic acid had similar gain, feed intake, and carcass parameters as steers fed CON, while steers fed M/T had slightly improved feed efficiency compared to all other treatments.

scholarly journals Effects of non-steroidal growth implant and dietary zilpaterol hydrochloride on growth and carcass characteristics of feedlot lambs

2018 ◽  
Vol 48 (4) ◽  
pp. 601-608
Author(s):  
E.C. Webb ◽  
J Allen ◽  
S.D. Morris
Keyword(s):  
Growth Performance ◽  
South African ◽  
Meat Quality ◽  
Carcass Characteristics ◽  
Feed Additives ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Feed Supplementation ◽  
Treatment Groups ◽  
Zilpaterol Hydrochloride ◽  
Growth Implant

The effects of steroidal growth implants alone or in combination with β-adrenergic agonist feed additives have not been studied thoroughly in mutton sheep in South African feedlot conditions. This study investigated the effects of a non-steroidal growth implant zeranol (Ralgro®), alone or in combination with zilpaterol hydrochloride (Zilmax®), on growth performance, carcass characteristics, and selected meat quality traits in 160 SA Mutton Merino ram lambs fed in a commercial feedlot. The experimental design consisted of two Ralgro treatment groups x two Zilmax treatments x two Zilmax feeding periods x 20 animals per treatment group. Lambs were randomly allocated to eight treatment groups, of which one half were implanted with Ralgro after arrival, followed by feed supplementation with Zilmax at two Zilmax feeding periods during the finisher phase, compared with negative control treatments (e.g. no Ralgro or Zilmax; Ralgro + no Zilmax; or no Ralgro + Zilmax). All lambs were fed the grower ration traditionally used by the commercial feedlot, which contained 16.89% crude protein (CP) and 2.94 Mcal/kg dry matter (DM). Zilmax was supplemented in the feed at 40 mg per animal per day and fed for 18 days or 25 days, plus three days withdrawal. Lambs that did not receive the Zilmax treatment were fed the basal diet without Zilmax feed supplementation. Ralgro significantly increased average daily gains (ADG) and cold carcass mass (CCM) of lambs. Lambs supplemented with Zilmax during the finisher phase had higher ADG, greater CCM and increased dressing percentage by ca.1.1% compared with those in the control group. Lambs fed Zilmax for 25 days had higher CCM than those fed for 18 days. The duration of the Zilmax treatment also decreased hide weight, fat thickness and shear force values (tenderness). Zilmax increased ADG and CCM in lambs, particularly if combined with Ralgro implants during the growing phase. The results from this study indicate that the combination of Ralgro implants with Zilmax feed supplementation during the finisher phase had additive effects and increased ADG and CCM of feedlot lambs.Keywords: Growth performance, meat quality, South African Mutton Merino, sheep, Ralgro®, Zilmax®

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