202 Dietary supplementation with a blend of essential oils and a proprietary cobalt source along monensin may be antagonistic to growth performance of Holstein yearling bulls

Abstract Our previous work has indicated that feeding a blend of essential oils and a proprietary cobalt source (EOC) in combination with monensin (MON) may not be mutually beneficial to dairy calf growth performance. To evaluate this observation further, a 240 d long-term growth experiment was conducted using 12 young growing Holstein bulls using a 2 × 2 factorial treatment arrangement. Main factors were EOC (Rum-A-Fresh, Ralco, Inc., Marshall, MN) and monensin (MON; Norvikon Biotechnology Co., Hunan, China) arranged in 4 treatments: 1) Control: ration fed without EOC or MON; 2) EOC: EOC fed at 26 mg/kg DM; 3) MON: MON fed at 25 mg/kg DM; and 4) EOC+MON: EOC and MON fed in combination. Holstein bulls were 70 d of age and similar in BW (93.3 ± 4.54 kg) and individually fed for 280 d. Body weights, frame measurements, and blood samples were collected monthly. Interactions of EOC by MON were detected for BW, BW gain, ADG, and a trend for feed conversion. Bulls fed EOC or MON demonstrated greater final BW (367.7, 385.2, 381.2, and 357.5 kg for Control, EOC, MON, and EOC+MON, respectively), while BW gains (277.2, 291.5, 284.8, and 265.2 kg) and ADG (1.16, 1.22, 1.19, 1.11 kg/d) were greatest for bulls fed EOC or MON compared with bulls fed EOC+MON, with bulls fed Control being intermediate and similar to bulls fed MON. Intake of DM was greater for bulls fed EOC (6.55, 6.99, 6.60, and 6.42 kg/d) compared with bulls fed remaining treatments. Feeding EOC or MON separately can improve growth performance of growing Holstein bulls. Why the combination of EOC and MON is antagonistic to growth performance of Holstein bulls is unknown.

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Dairy calf growth performance when fed a modified accelerated milk replacer program

Applied Animal Science ◽

10.15232/aas.2019-01878 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 36 (3) ◽

pp. 352-366 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Brittney M. Jaeger ◽

David Ziegler ◽

Daniel Schimek ◽

Bruce Ziegler ◽

Hugh Chester-Jones ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Growth Performance ◽

Milk Replacer ◽

Dairy Calf ◽

Calf Growth

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The effects of prestorage incubation and length of storage of broiler breeder eggs on hatchability and subsequent growth performance of progeny

Czech Journal of Animal Science ◽

10.17221/3912-cjas ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 51 (No. 2) ◽

pp. 73-77 ◽

Cited By ~ 16

Author(s):

M. Petek ◽

S. Dikmen

Keyword(s):

Growth Performance ◽

Detrimental Effect ◽

Feed Conversion ◽

Subsequent Growth ◽

Broiler Breeder ◽

Commercial Flock ◽

Main Effect ◽

Egg Storage ◽

Embryonic Death

A total of 1 200 broiler breeder eggs were collected from a commercial flock at the hen age of 37 weeks and divided into storage treatments of 5 and 15 days. Prior to storage, the eggs were further divided into pre-storage incubation (PRESI) 0 (control), 4 and 8 h treatments. Eggs in the 4 and 8 h PRESI treatment were incubated at a standard dry-bulb temperature of 38.0°C. All eggs were weighed prior to and after storage, then incubated in a commercial setter and hatcher for 21 days. After the incubation, all unhatched eggs were opened to determine fertility, hatchability and embryonic death. The 4 and 8 h PRESI treatment significantly decreased hatchability results of long-term stored eggs compared to non-heated eggs. Hatchability results of eggs stored for 5 days were significantly better compared to eggs stored for 15 days. Subsequent growth performance of progeny was not significantly affected except for the main effect of egg storage on feed conversion. There were significant PRESI × egg storage interactions for apparent fertility, hatchability of total and fertile eggs and embryonic mortality. It was concluded that the PRESI treatment did not have a detrimental effect on the hatchability of broiler breeder eggs stored for 5 days and it might even increase hatchability while it had a detrimental effect on the hatchability of broiler breeder eggs stored for 15 days.  

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Spontaneous intake and long-term effects of essential oils after a negative postnatal experience in chicks

10.1101/452136 ◽

2018 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Laurence A. Guilloteau ◽

Anne Collin ◽

Alexia Koch ◽

Christine Leterrier

Keyword(s):

Essential Oils ◽

Environmental Changes ◽

Postnatal Period ◽

Broiler Chicks ◽

Long Term Effects ◽

Feed Conversion ◽

Growth Reduction ◽

Access To Water ◽

Transportation Delay

AbstractThe postnatal period is critical for broiler chicks as they are exposed to, possibly stressful, environmental changes in the hatchery and during transportation to the rearing houses. The ability of broiler chicks to spontaneously drink essential oils (EO) to mitigate the effects of a negative postnatal experience was tested. Chicks were either immediately placed in the rearing facility (C group), or subjected to a 24h-delay period before their placement (D group), mimicking the possible transportation delay in commercial conditions.In experiment 1, each group had access to either water only or to water and one EO (cardamom, marjoram or verbena) from D1 to D13. The verbena EO intake was higher in the D group than in the C group from D1 to D6 and the cardamom EO intake was lower in the D group than in the C group from D6 to D13.In experiment 2, half of the groups had access to water only and the other half was offered water and the 3 EO simultaneously. The EO were not differently chosen by chicks between D and C groups except a lower cardamom EO intake was observed in the D group than in the C group from D6 to D12. The delayed placement of the D group reduced chicken growth until 34 days of age and temporarily increased the feed conversion ratio, but did not affect their welfare or the prevalence of health disorders. The EO intake did not allow the chicks in the D group to overcome the growth reduction, but did overcome the reduction in Pectoralis major muscle yield. In conclusion, chicks are able to make spontaneous choices regarding EO intake according to their postnatal experience when EO are presented individually, but in our experimental design, they were not when EO were simultaneously presented. The EO intake only partially mitigated the decrease in chicken performance after the negative postnatal experience.

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Evaluation of multi-nutrient block supplementation on nutrient intake and growth performance of Yankasa rams fed based diet of cowpea shell and maize offal

Nigerian Journal of Animal Production ◽

10.51791/njap.v47i3.167 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 47 (3) ◽

pp. 291-297

Author(s):

J. Yerima ◽

M. Abubakar ◽

D. J. U. Kalla ◽

A. Mijinyawa ◽

A. Yusuf

Keyword(s):

Growth Performance ◽

Nutrient Intake ◽

Dry Matter ◽

Basal Diet ◽

Daily Weight Gain ◽

Feed Conversion ◽

Average Daily Weight Gain ◽

Treatment Groups ◽

Body Weights ◽

The Cost

The effects of supplementing different urea molasses blocks to Yankasa Rams fed maize offal-based diet on nutrient intake, growth performance and economics of production were evaluated. Yankasa rams fed cowpea shell and maize offal-based diets mixed in a ratio of 1:3 supplemented with urea molasses block (UMB). The supplementary blocks were formulated to contain 0, 5, 10 and 15% urea. Twenty Yankasa rams were used for the experiment with initial body weights range of 16-20kg and randomly allocated to four treatment groups of five animals each in completely randomized designed. Data on feed and water intake, body weight change were measured. Rams were fed both the basal diet and supplements ad libitum. The result revealed no significant (P>0.05) difference in basal feed (579.38-595.18g/day), UMB (60.78-96.50g/day) and dry matter intakes (584.36-609.33 g/day) among the treatments. Rams on treatment 3 recorded the highest average daily weight gain (ADG) and feed conversion ratio (FCR) (101.43 g/day, 5.93) than those on treatment 2 (48.57 g/day, 12.37) with the least. The cost of UMB/kg was least in treatment 3 (N 46.66) compared to those on treatment 1(N 83.66), 2(N 113.05) and 4(N 50.39). Supplementation of urea molasses block improved growth performance and FCR. Urea up to 15% may be included in urea molasses blocks without any detrimental effects on performance. However, including urea at 10% in UMB gave the highest ADG and FCR and therefore may be recommended for growing Yankasa rams

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Effect of Different Floor Types on Growth Performance and Feed Conversion Ratio of Mehsana Goat Kids

THE INDIAN JOURNAL OF VETERINARY SCIENCES AND BIOTECHNOLOGY ◽

10.21887/ijvsbt.16.1.8 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 16 (01) ◽

pp. 37-40

Author(s):

Jigar V. Patel ◽

Haresh D Chauhan ◽

Amit Kumar Srivastava ◽

Mahesh M Pawar ◽

Vikram K Patel

Keyword(s):

Growth Performance ◽

Disease Incidence ◽

Conversion Ratio ◽

Feed Conversion Ratio ◽

Production Performance ◽

Parasitic Infestation ◽

Feed Conversion ◽

Standard Management ◽

Body Weights ◽

Daily Body Weight

This study was done to evaluate the effect of different floor types on growth performance and feed conversion ratio of weaned Mehsana goat kids for a period of 84 days. Twenty-seven weaned (3 months old) Mehsana goat kids having nearly identical body weights (10-12 kg) were randomly divided into three uniform groups having 9 kids (4 males and 5 females) in each group and reared on three different types of floors, viz., group A: katcha floor, B: bricks floor, and C: concrete floor. All the kids were reared under standard management system of goat rearing with strict hygiene and various parameters of production performance were recorded. Mean body weights in kids of groups A, B and C were 13.56±0.25, 13.60±0.26, and 13.87±0.27 kg, respectively. The corresponding average daily body weight gains were 35.89±2.74, 34.08±2.24, 39.23±4.10 g/day and feed conversion ratio 09.95±0.70, 08.99±0.52, 08.92±0.81, respectively. The differences among treatment groups were found non-significant for all three parameters. Incidences of disease occurrence and parasitic infestation were not noticed in kids of any group. It may be concluded that provision of different floor types, viz., katcha, bricks and concrete had no significant effect on growth performance, feed conversion ratio, disease incidence and parasitic infestation in the Mehsana kids. Further, from the study it may be inferred that economically weaker farmers may rear their kids on katcha floor with strict hygiene and attain the growth rate at par with other flooring systems.

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Effects of Long-Term Supplementation with Brown Seaweeds and Polyphenols in Rabbit on Meat Quality Parameters

Animals ◽

10.3390/ani10122443 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 10 (12) ◽

pp. 2443

Author(s):

Raffaella Rossi ◽

Francesco Vizzarri ◽

Sabrina Ratti ◽

Marisa Palazzo ◽

Donato Casamassima ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Growth Performance ◽

Meat Quality ◽

Control Diet ◽

Brown Seaweed ◽

Quality Parameters ◽

Feed Additive ◽

Feed Conversion ◽

Brown Seaweeds ◽

Natural Mixture

The objective of the present study was to evaluate the effects of dam and offspring dietary supplementation with a natural feed additive on the growth performance and meat quality parameters of growing rabbits. The growing rabbits are selected from lactating does receiving a control diet (C) or diets supplemented with 0.3% (SP1) and 0.6% (SP2) of feed additive containing brown seaweeds (Laminaria spp.) and plant extracts. In the postweaning phase, the growing rabbits remained in the treatment group defined by their does and the trial lasted 42 days. The average daily feed intake and feed conversion ratio were improved in the rabbit fed 0.6% of the natural feed additive. The cholesterol content tended to be lower in Longissimus lumborum (LL) muscle and decrease in Semimembranosus (SM) muscle (in SP2 −41.36% than controls). The α tocopherol and retinol content were enhanced in both muscles of rabbit fed the natural mixture (SP1 and SP2 groups). An improvement of sensory attributes of texture was observed in both muscles from rabbit fed natural mixture. In conclusion, long term supplementation of both lactating does and offspring with the high dosage of brown seaweed and plant polyphenols improves growth performance and enhances meat nutritional and sensory parameters.

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203 Feeding a calf starter containing monensin alone or in combination with a blend of essential oils and a proprietary cobalt source to Holstein calves

Journal of Animal Science ◽

10.1093/jas/skaa278.271 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 98 (Supplement_4) ◽

pp. 148-149

Author(s):

Jianping Wu ◽

Jinsheng Guo ◽

Ting Liu ◽

Hao Chen ◽

Yan Bai ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Essential Oils ◽

Growth Performance ◽

Experimental Period ◽

Gut Health ◽

Calf Growth ◽

Stress Prevention ◽

Whole Milk ◽

Holstein Calves ◽

Neonatal Calves ◽

Ad Libitum

Abstract Gut health is critical for neonatal calves, and nutritional technologies are needed for disease and stress prevention. Previous work feeding Monensin (MON) in combination with a blend of essential oils and a proprietary cobalt source (EOC) blend had demonstrated improved calf gut health and growth performance. The objective was to evaluate MON and EOC alone or in combination on calf growth performance. Eighty (80) new born Holstein calves were randomly assigned to one of four treatments arranged in a 2 x 2 factorial (MON and EOC). Treatments were: 1) Control without MON or EOC added to the calf starter (CS); 2) MON: 50.8 mg/kg CS (Norvikon Biotechnology Co., Hunan, China); 3) EOC: 44.1 mg/kg CS (Rum-A-Fresh, Ralco Inc. Marshall, MN); 4) MON+EOC: MON and EOC added to CS. Calves were fed colostrum followed by whole milk through weaning at 42 d, while CS was fed ad libitum through the 70-d experimental period. The MON by EOC interaction was found to be nonsignificant (P > 0.41) for growth performance. Calves fed without or with MON demonstrated similar (P > 0.70) body weight (BW; 68.7 and 68.9 kg without and with MON, respectively), while calves fed EOC demonstrated greater (P < 0.01) BW (67.3 and 70.4 kg without and with EOC, respectively) compared with calves fed without EOC. Calves fed a CS containing MON were similar (P > 0.47) in ADG (0.88 and 0.91 kg/d) compared with calves fed without MON; however, calves fed a CS with EOC increased (P < 0.01) ADG (0.84 and 0.95 kg/d) 13% through the 70 d experimental period compared with calves not fed EOC. These data demonstrate that EOC and MON fed in combination was not beneficial for enhancing growth performance, but that calf growth performance can be improved with EOC compared to MON.

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Effect of essential oil blends and a non-ionic surfactant on rumen fermentation, anti-oxidative status and growth performance of lambs

Translational Animal Science ◽

10.1093/tas/txab118 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Ludmila C G Passetti ◽

Rodrigo A C Passetti ◽

Tim A McAllister

Keyword(s):

Essential Oils ◽

Growth Performance ◽

Rumen Fluid ◽

Average Daily Gain ◽

Rumen Fermentation ◽

Oxidative Status ◽

Ionic Surfactant ◽

Growth Responses ◽

Feed Conversion ◽

Ruminal Ph

Abstract This study aimed to evaluate the effect of essential oils (OEO; XEO) and an emulsifier on rumen fermentation, anti-oxidative status and the growth performance of lambs. A finishing study was conducted using 35 females and 35 males Suffolk × Canadian Arcott crossbreed lambs, fed a 16:84 forage:concentrate pelleted barley-based with either Control; Bovatec (0.018% Bovatec); Emulsifier (0.25% of Emulsifier); OEO (0.11% of blend 1); XEO (0.0125% of blend 2); OEO+ Emulsifier; or XEO + Emulsifier. The rumen fluid of all lambs was sampled via stomach tubing to measure ruminal pH, volatile fatty acid (VFA) and NH3 concentrations and enumerate protozoa. Ruminal pH, molar proportions of individual VFA (except for acetate) and ammonia concentration were similar among treatments. The acetate and total VFA concentrations were lower (P = 0.03) for lambs receiving OEO, while protozoa numbers were increased (P = 0.01). No changes were observed in blood glutathione peroxidise or total superoxide dismutase, but there was a tendency for a reduction in thiobarbituric acid reactive substances in lambs fed diets containing OEO or XEO. No differences among diets were observed in coccidia oocyst counts (OPG) in faeces, however, prevalence of coccidia in lambs was reduced (Cramer’s V = 0.081) with OEO. Lambs fed OEO had the highest (P < 0.01)` DMI (1.48 kg.d -1), whereas those fed XEO had the lowest (1.30 kg.d -1). Average daily gain (ADG), feed conversion (DMI/ADG) and carcass measurements (hot carcass weight, carcass dressing percentages) were not affected by EO or EM. Results from this study suggest that EO may alter rumen fermentation and protozoa counts and increase DMI. However, these responses did not appear to be enhanced by Emulsifier as its inclusion with essential oils did not enhance fermentation or growth responses.

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Effect of ghrelin peripheral administration on growth performance, carcass quality, and selected serum parameters in broiler chickens

Journal of the Hellenic Veterinary Medical Society ◽

10.12681/jhvms.22965 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 71 (1) ◽

pp. 2047

Author(s):

H. AGHDAM SHAHRYAR ◽

A. LOTFI

Keyword(s):

Weight Gain ◽

Growth Performance ◽

Feed Intake ◽

Broiler Chickens ◽

Conversion Ratio ◽

Feed Conversion Ratio ◽

Carcass Quality ◽

Feed Conversion ◽

Short Term

The aim of present study was to investigate the short-term and long-term effect of the peripheral administration of ghrelin on the growth performance (feed intake, weight gain, and feed conversion ratio), carcass quality, and selected serum biochemical (glucose, total cholesterol, triglyceride, and total protein) and hormonal (T3, T4, and corticostrone) indices in broiler chickens. 240 one-day-old broiler chickens were selected, and allocated into three treatment groups (control and two experimental groups). On day-21 of the rearing period, ghrelin was peripherally administrated to three experimental groups. The control group contained birds without any administration of peptide or solution, groups G50 and G100; included birds with Ip-injection of 50 and 100 (ng/100g BW) ghrelin peptide, respectively. The peripheral administration of exogenous ghrelin did not affect feed intake, body weight gain (BWG), feed conversion ratio (FCR) and carcass characteristics in broiler chickens. In short-term samples taken 12h after ghrelin infusion, the glucose level was increased in ghrelin-treated groups (162 and 151 mg/dl in G50 and G100 compared with 117 mg/dl in control; P< 0.01) and there were significant declines for TC, triglyceride, and TP in the ghrelin-treated groups (G50 and G100) compared with the control. In addition, long-term glucose level has a greater value in G50 and G100 (182 and 200.66 mg/dl) compared with control (133.60 mg/dl) group (P< 0.01). A significant decline was also observed for TC and triglyceride content in the ghrelin-treated groups (P<0.05). There was no significant difference among groups for TP in short-term and long-term samples. There was a significant increase for T4 in ghrelin-treated groups (G50 and G100) compared with the control (4.55 and 4.57 ng/ml vs 4.20 ng/ml respectively; P< 0.05) in long-term samples. In conclusion, the peripheral administration of ghrelin in broiler chickens, during the commercial rearing period did not affect the overall growth performance, carcass quality and feed conversion ratio. The infusion of exogenous ghrelin may increase the levels of serum glucose, decrease total cholesterol and triglyceride, and T4 levels are increased in the long-term (and not in the short-term or 12h after administration).

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Effects of Microencapsulated Blends of Organics Acids (OA) and Essential Oils (EO) as a Feed Additive for Broiler Chicken. A Focus on Growth Performance, Gut Morphology and Microbiology

Animals ◽

10.3390/ani10030442 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 10 (3) ◽

pp. 442 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Alessandro Stamilla ◽

Antonino Messina ◽

Sabrina Sallemi ◽

Lucia Condorelli ◽

Francesco Antoci ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Organic Acids ◽

Essential Oils ◽

Growth Performance ◽

Clostridium Perfringens ◽

Broiler Chickens ◽

Average Daily Gain ◽

Feed Additive ◽

Feed Conversion ◽

Gut Morphology ◽

Dietary Treatments

The goal of the trial was testing the effects of a blend of organic acids and essential oils dietary supplementation on growth performance and gut healthiness in broiler chickens. In total, 420 male Ross 308 chicks (1-day old) were randomly assigned to two dietary treatments: basal (BD) and organic acids and essential oils (OA&EO) diets (three replicates/treatment; 70 broilers/replicate). BD group received commercial diets whereas OA&EO group basal diets + 5 g/kg of microencapsulated organic acids and essential oils. OA&EO treatment improved the average daily gain (p < 0.01) and feed conversion ratio at 37–47 days compared to BD treatment. OA&EO treatment improved gut morphology mostly at ileum and duodenum levels in terms of villi height, crypt depth, number of villi, mucosa thickness and villi area at 24 and 34 sampling days. A certain selective action against Clostridium perfringens in ileum of OA&EO group was shown at 33 (p = 0.053) and 46 days (p = 0.09) together with lower median values for Enterobacteriaceae, Enterococci, Mesophilic bacteria and Clostridium perfringens at ceca level. Overall, organic acids and essential oils supplementation improved growth performance in the final growth stage and some morphological gut traits and reduced to a certain extent Clostridium perfringens count in ileum.

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