125 Effects of Dietary Fiber Supplementation in Late Gestation on Farrowing Characteristics and Sows and Litters Performance

2021 ◽  
Vol 99 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 55-55
Author(s):  
Willian R Valadares ◽  
Leonardo A Leal ◽  
Kevin de Almeida ◽  
Dani Perondi ◽  
Rafael Kummer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Dietary Fiber ◽  
Soybean Meal ◽  
Body Condition Score ◽  
Late Gestation ◽  
Crude Fiber ◽  
High Fiber ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Fiber Diet

Abstract Our objective was to evaluate the effects of dietary fiber supplementation in late gestation on farrowing characteristics and sow and piglet’s performance. On d 105 of gestation, a total of 420 sows were selected according to body condition score, caliper units and parity (0 to 6), and randomly assigned to one of two treatments in a completely randomized design. Treatments included 1) Low fiber diet (LF) with 2.02% crude fiber; and 2) High fiber diet (HF) with 5.12% crude fiber. The LF diet was based on corn and soybean meal with 3.26 Mcal of ME/kg and 0.60% SID Lys. The HF diet was corn-soybean meal-based with 10% soy hulls, containing 3.13 Mcal/kg and 0.60% SID Lys. Sows in both treatments were fed 1.8 kg/d. Fecal score was daily evaluated until farrowing. Farrowing duration and birth weight of born alive and stillborn piglets were recorded. The farrowing was manually assisted when the birth interval was longer than 30 min. Data were analyzed by the GLIMMIX procedure of SAS, and comparisons were performed with Student’s t-test at 5% of significance. Sows fed HF diet had fewer days with dry feces compared to those fed LF diet (P = 0.008). No evidence for treatment effects were observed on farrowing duration (P = 0.25) and farrowing assistance (P = 0.09). Sows fed HF diet had greater number of total piglets born (P = 0.01), but there was no evidence (P > 0.05) for treatment differences on the percentage of piglets born alive, stillborn piglets, or mummified fetuses. Piglets from sows fed LF diet had a greater birth weight than those from sows fed HF diet (P = 0.04). No evidence for differences were observed between treatments for pre-weaning mortality, number and weight of weaned pigs (P > 0.05). In conclusion, the HF diet did not show positive effects on farrowing duration, farrowing assistance, and sow and piglet performance.

scholarly journals Behavior of laying chicks fed diets containing sources and levels of dietary fiber in the starter phase

2022 ◽  
Vol 52 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Larissa Paula da Silva Gomides ◽  
Ana Flávia Basso Royer ◽  
Poliana Carneiro Martins ◽  
Genilson Bezerra de Carvalho ◽  
Pedro Moraes Rezende ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dietary Fiber ◽  
Sugarcane Bagasse ◽  
Wheat Bran ◽  
Soybean Meal ◽  
Crude Fiber ◽  
Control Treatment ◽  
Behavioral Patterns ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Completely Randomized Design

ABSTRACT: This study evaluated the behavior and welfare conditions of laying chicks in the starter phase, fed with diets formulated with increasing levels of crude fiber (CF) and two feedstuffs with different fiber compositions. The experiment was developed at the Federal University of Goiás, in Goiânia - GO, Brazil. Three hundred Bovans White chicks were evaluated in a completely randomized design with a 2×2+1 factorial arrangement corresponding to two levels of CF in the diet (3.0 and 3.5%) and two fiber sources (wheat bran and sugarcane bagasse), plus a control treatment (maize- and soybean meal-based), totaling five treatments with six replicates of 10 birds each. Maintenance behavioral patterns and welfare were assessed at 21 and 42 days of age. There was no difference in behavior and classification by order of importance of the activities performed by the fiber-fed birds observed at 21 and 42 days, according to the Kruskal Wallis test (P>0.05). Medium and good welfare conditions were obtained with wheat bran at 3.5 and 3.0% CF, respectively, at 21 days of age. At 42 days, the use of sugarcane bagasse at the CF level of 3.5% and wheat bran at the level of 3.0%provided good behavior conditions. The use of crude fiber in the feeding of hens did not change their behavior.

Effects of dietary fiber and diet diversity on digestive organs of captive Mallards (Anas platyrhynchos)

1988 ◽  
Vol 66 (7) ◽  
pp. 1597-1602 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. Patrick Kehoe ◽  
C. Davison Ankney ◽  
Ray T. Alisauskas
Keyword(s):  
Small Intestine ◽  
Dietary Fiber ◽  
Anas Platyrhynchos ◽  
Abdominal Fat ◽  
Diet Diversity ◽  
High Fiber ◽  
Digestive Organs ◽  
Fiber Diet ◽  
Fiber Plant ◽  
High Fiber Diet

We studied the effects of dietary fiber, of plant versus animal diets, and of diet diversity on the digestive organ morphology of captive Mallards (Anas platyrhynchos). Four experimental diets were used: whole corn (low fiber, plant), trout chow (low fiber, primarily animal), rabbit chow (high fiber, plant), and a diverse diet consisting of each of the preceding diets fed daily in random order. Every 5 days for 25 days, we sampled birds from each diet group (N = 6–8) and weighed each bird and its abdominal fat, gizzard, ceca, small intestine, and liver, and then measured its ceca and small intestine length. Other than differences explained by their different body sizes, the sex of the birds had no effect on gut measurements. Changes in body weight and abdominal fat weight suggested that Mallards existed equally well on each of the four diets, presumably because changes in their digestive organs allowed them to have similar digestive efficiencies when eating different diets. Birds on the high fiber diet had the largest digestive organs, but birds on all diets showed changes in digestive organs. The diverse diet produced effects on digestive organ morphology similar to those of the two low-fibre diets. Except for a larger gizzard for macerating corn in birds on that diet, there was no difference in the digestive organs between birds eating animal foods and those eating low fiber plant foods. The maximum weight of gizzard, intestine, and ceca of birds on the high fiber diet was reached in 10 days. However, ceca and intestine lengths of these birds were still increasing after 25 days. This observation suggests that birds can continue to respond to a change in diet after limits to the mass of their digestive organs have been reached.

EFFECT OF SALINOMYCIN ON NUTRIENT ABSORPTION AND RETENTION BY GROWING PIGS FED CORN-SOYBEAN MEAL DIETS WITH OR WITHOUT OAT HULLS OR WHEAT BRAN

1986 ◽  
Vol 66 (1) ◽  
pp. 257-265 ◽  
Author(s):  
ROBERT J. MOORE ◽  
E. T. KORNEGAY ◽  
M. D. LINDEMANN
Keyword(s):  
Wheat Bran ◽  
Soybean Meal ◽  
Growing Pigs ◽  
Neutral Detergent Fiber ◽  
Energy Utilization ◽  
Adaptation Period ◽  
Oat Hulls ◽  
N Retention ◽  
High Fiber ◽  
Fiber Diet

Four balance trials were conducted to determine the effect of the antibiotic salinomycin (SM) on nitrogen (N) and energy utilization and fiber component digestibility by swine fed low- or high-fiber diets. Treatments were corn-soybean meal control (C), 10% oat hull (OH) and 20% wheat bran (WB) diets, each with or without SM (82 mg kg−1). In trial 1A, 12 female pigs (34.6 kg) were fed the C or WB diets with or without SM for a 9-d adaptation period followed by a 5-d feces and urine collection period. In trial IB, the same pigs (50.5 kg) were fed the C or OH diets with previous fiber and SM levels reversed. Trial 2 was conducted in a similar fashion with the order of the fiber sources fed reversed (OH in trial 2A, 32.3 kg; WB in trial 2B, 44.7 kg). SM increased apparent N digestibility and N absorption (P < 0.01) in the WB trials, but also increased (P < 0.05) urine N and thus SM did not affect N retention. Although apparent N absorption was decreased (P < 0.06) by SM in the OH trials, this largely reflected a lower N intake (P < 0.02) and SM did not alter N retention. SM did not alter apparent energy utilization by pigs fed the C or OH diets, but increased the coefficients for DE and ME (P < 0.01) and dry matter (DM) digestibility (P < 0.05) of pigs fed the WB diets. Both OH and WB decreased apparent N digestibility (P < 0.01), but did not affect N retention (P > 0.10). OH and WB decreased (P < 0.01) energy digestibility. Digestion coefficients for DM, acid detergent fiber, neutral detergent fiber, cellulose and hemi-cellulose were not affected by SM, but were depressed by OH and WB (P < 0.01). Estimated DM digestibilities (calculated by difference) for OH and WB were 4.9% and 61.3%, respectively. The data indicate that SM may influence energy and N utilization in pigs fed a degradable source of fiber (WB), but not in pigs fed a low-fiber diet (C) or a diet containing a high-fiber ingredient resistant to fermentation (OH). This suggests that SM may alter microbial fermentation in the gastrointestinal tract of the pig. Key words: Swine, fiber, salinomycin, nitrogen utilization, energy utilization

scholarly journals Effects of dietary fiber sources on bacterial diversity in separate segments of the gastrointestinal tract of native and exotic pig breeds raised in Vietnam

2021 ◽  
pp. 2579-2587
Author(s):  
Tran Thi Bich Ngoc ◽  
Nguyen Cong Oanh ◽  
Tran Thi Thu Hong ◽  
Pham Kim Dang
Keyword(s):  
Bacterial Diversity ◽  
Dietary Fiber ◽  
Significant Interaction Effect ◽  
Variable Regions ◽  
High Fiber ◽  
Pig Breeds ◽  
Fiber Diet ◽  
Body Weights ◽  
Dietary Treatments ◽  
Animal Sciences

Background and Aim: Dietary fiber has distinctive effects on the environment and microbiota of the pig's intestinal tract. This study was conducted at the naturally ventilated facility of the experimental station, National Institute of Animal Sciences, Vietnam, to examine the effects of fiber sources in diets on the intestinal microbiota of two different pig breeds raised in Vietnam. Materials and Methods: A total of 18 native and 18 exotic pigs with average initial body weights of 9.5±0.4 and 16.5±0.4 kg, respectively, were each divided into three dietary treatments, including a low-fiber diet containing approximately 200 g NDF per kg dry matter (DM) and two high-fiber diets containing cassava by-products or brewer's grains containing approximately 300 g NDF per kg DM. At the end of the experiment (28 days), the bacterial diversity of digesta samples collected from the stomach, ileum, and colon segments was analyzed through DGGE analysis of the V3 variable regions of 16S-rDNA and by cloning and sequencing. Results: Among the diets, significant differences were observed in the number of DNA bands in the stomach between the native and exotic pigs (p<0.05), but not in the ileum and colon. The dietary fiber affected the number of DNA bands in the ileum (p<0.05), but not in the stomach and colon. A significant interaction effect was found between diet and breed on the number of DNA bands in the ileum (p<0.05). Dietary fiber and breed had a greater effect on microbiota in the ileum and colon than that in the stomach. Conclusion: The fiber sources affected the number of DNA bands in the ileum, and breed affected the number of DNA bands in the stomach. The microbial compositions in the ileum and colon segments were significantly affected by the dietary fiber and breed.

scholarly journals THE ACCEPTANCE OF BAKED GETUK (CASSAVA CAKE) WITH RICE BRAN AND RED BEANS SUBSTITUTION AS HIGH FIBER SNACK FOR ELDERLY

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 200
Author(s):  
Ali Iqbal Tawakal ◽  
Annis Catur Adi ◽  
Dominikus Raditya Atmaka
Keyword(s):  
Dietary Fiber ◽  
Rice Bran ◽  
Fiber Content ◽  
Test Results ◽  
High Fiber ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Completely Randomized Design ◽  
Red Bean ◽  
Acceptance Rating

Rice bran and red beans are one of food items that contain high dietary fiber and can be processed into traditional snacks such as baked getuk (cassava cake). Elderly needs enough fiber to support their metabolism. This study aims to analyze the effect of rice bran and red bean substitution of getuk toward its acceptance and dietary fiber contents. This study was an experimental study with a completely randomized design. There were four treatments of rice bran and red beans substitution (F0 = 0% rice bran, 0% red beans); (F1 = 10% rice bran, 13% red beans); (F2 = 13% rice bran, 10% red beans), (F3 = 17% rice bran, 7% red beans). This study further involved 30 untrained elderly and pre- elderly panelists (45–80 years). Acceptance was measured using a hedonic questionnaire on a scale of 1 to 6. Statistical analysis of acceptability differences was completed using Kruskal-Wallis and Mann-Whitney test with α ≤ 0.05. In results, there were significant differences between F1, F2, F3, and F0 on all characteristics (color, aroma, texture, taste) with p = 0.001, and the acceptance rating from highest to lowest was F3, F2, F1, respectively. The organoleptic test results further showed that the panelists mostly preferred the F3 formula (17% rice bran and 7% red beans). There was no significant difference in dietary fiber content between each formula, F1 contains 9.250 grams of dietary fiber (30.8% RDA), F2 contains 9.242 grams of dietary fiber (30.8% RDA), and F3 contains 9.235 grams of dietary fiber (30.7% RDA). This study proved that rice bran and red red beans substitution to getuk improves its fiber content and also having good acceptability.

scholarly journals Effects of feeding rice gruel based milk replacer on growth, carcass characteristics and rumen development of goat kids

2019 ◽  
Vol 48 (1) ◽  
pp. 57-66
Author(s):  
MA Islam ◽  
MB Sarker ◽  
A Khatun ◽  
MR Amin ◽  
M Moniruzzaman
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Milk Yield ◽  
Late Pregnancy ◽  
Late Gestation ◽  
Weaning Weight ◽  
Concentrate Supplementation ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Time Period ◽  
Rumen Development ◽  
Completely Randomized Design

Supplementation of concentrate feed during late pregnancy of doe is an approach to improve milk yield and kid performance after kidding. The experiment was conducted to find out appropriate level and duration of supplementation to the pregnant doe. The data of the experiment were analyzed applying Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with factorial arrangements with three replications. First factor used in the experiment was the duration of concentrate feeding (15 days, 30 days, 45 days and 60 days) and second was amount of concentrate supplemented (2.00%, 1.75%, 1.50% and 1.25% of their body weight). Birth weight, weaning weight, milk yield and kid mortality in different groups were recorded. Birth weight and weaning weight were found higher in 60 days supplemented group i.e. 2.3±0.23 kg and 10.94±0.41 kg, respectively. Both birth weight and weaning weight were also found higher with 2 percent concentrate feeding group than others i.e. 2.1±0.23 kg and 9.64±0.42 kg, respectively. Milk yield recorded for fourth week shows that higher milk yields were found in 2 percent concentrate supplemented group with 60 days time period. The result showed that by increasing the level of concentrate during late gestation period of does increased the birth weight, weaning weight of kids and increased milk yield of does. So the higher level of concentrate supplementation is required during 45 to 60 days of late gestation in does. Bang. J. Anim. Sci. 2019. 48 (1): 57-66

scholarly journals Dietary fat and fiber impacts intestinal microbiome resilience to antibiotics and Clostridoides difficile infection in mice

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keith Z. Hazleton ◽  
Casey G. Martin ◽  
Kathleen L. Arnolds ◽  
Nichole M. Nusbacher ◽  
Nancy Moreno-Huizar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bile Acids ◽  
Dietary Fiber ◽  
Dietary Fat ◽  
High Fat Diet ◽  
Intestinal Microbiome ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Low Fat ◽  
Effective Prevention ◽  
High Fiber ◽  
Fiber Diet

AbstractClostridoides difficile infection (CDI) is a leading cause of hospital-acquired diarrhea and there has been a steady increase in the number of new infections, emphasizing the importance of novel prevention strategies. Use of broad-spectrum antibiotics and disruption of the intestinal microbiome is one of the most important risk factors of CDI. We used a murine model of antibiotic-induced CDI to investigate the relative contributions of high dietary fat and low dietary fiber on disease pathogenesis. We found that high fat, but not low fiber resulted in increased mortality from CDI (HR 4.95) and increased levels of C. difficile toxin production compared to a regular low-fat/high-fiber mouse diet even though we did not observe a significant change in C. difficile carriage. The high-fat diet also increased levels of primary bile acids known to be germination factors for C. difficile spores. Mice fed low-fat/low-fiber diets did not show increased CDI pathogenesis, but did have a larger antibiotic-induced gut microbiome disturbance compared to mice fed a high-fiber diet, characterized by a greater decrease in alpha diversity. This microbiome disturbance was associated with a loss of secondary bile acids and short chain fatty acids, which are both microbial metabolic products previously shown to protect against CDI. These data suggest that a low-fiber diet contributes to antibiotic-induced dysbiosis, while a high-fat diet promotes CDI pathogenesis. These findings indicate that dietary interventions that increase fiber and decrease fat may be an effective prevention strategy for individuals at high risk of CDI.One Sentence SummaryHigh dietary fat promoted mortality in a mouse model of antibiotic-induced C. difficile infection and low dietary fiber caused higher microbiome disturbance upon broad-spectum antibiotic exposure, suggesting that diets low in fat and high in fiber may protect against C. difficile pathogenesis.

scholarly journals A high dietary fiber randomized clinical trial reduces gestational weight gain, fat accrual, and postpartum weight retention

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Holly R. Hull ◽  
Amy Herman ◽  
Heather Gibbs ◽  
Byron Gajewski ◽  
Kelli Krase ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Dietary Fiber ◽  
Gestational Weight Gain ◽  
Weight Retention ◽  
High Fiber ◽  
Gestational Weight ◽  
Fiber Diet ◽  
High Fiber Diet ◽  
One Year

Abstract Background: Interventions to prevent excessive gestational weight gain (GWG) have had limited success This pilot study examined the effectiveness of a single goal (SG) high dietary fiber intervention to prevent excessive GWG. Methods: Twelve weekly lessons focused on consuming a high fiber diet (≥30 g/day). Snacks containing 10-12 g of dietary fiber were given for the first six weeks only. Body composition was measured at baseline and at the end of the intervention. At one-year postpartum, body weight retention and dietary practices were assessed. A p-value is reported for the primary analysis only. For all other comparisons, Cohen’s d is reported to indicate effect size. Results: The SG group increased fiber intake during the study (32 g/day at 6 weeks, 27 g/day at 12 weeks), whereas the UC group did not (~17 g/day). No differences were found for the proportion of women classified as excessive gainers (p=0.13). During the intervention, the SG group gained less body weight (-4.1 kg) and less fat mass (-2.8 kg) (d=1.3). At one year postpartum, the SG group retained less weight (0.35 vs. 4.4 kg, respectively; d=1.8), and reported trying to currently eat high fiber foods. Conclusion: The SG intervention resulted in less weight gain, fat accrual, and weight retention at one year postpartum. A residual intervention effect was detected postpartum with the participants reporting continued efforts to consume a high fiber diet.

scholarly journals A high dietary fiber randomized clinical trial reduces gestational weight gain, fat accrual, and postpartum weight retention

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Holly R. Hull ◽  
Amy Herman ◽  
Heather Gibbs ◽  
Byron Gajewski ◽  
Kelli Krase ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Dietary Fiber ◽  
Gestational Weight Gain ◽  
Weight Retention ◽  
High Fiber ◽  
Gestational Weight ◽  
Fiber Diet ◽  
High Fiber Diet ◽  
One Year

Abstract Background Interventions to prevent excessive gestational weight gain (GWG) have had limited success This pilot study examined the effectiveness of a single goal (SG) high dietary fiber intervention to prevent excessive GWG.Methods Twelve weekly lessons focused on consuming a high fiber diet (≥30 g/day). Snacks containing 10-12 g of dietary fiber were given for the first six weeks only. Body composition was measured at baseline and at the end of the intervention. At one-year postpartum, body weight retention and dietary practices were assessed.Results The SG group increased fiber intake during the study (32 g/day at 6 weeks, 27 g/day at 12 weeks), whereas the UC group did not (~17 g/day). No differences were found for the proportion of women classified as excessive gainers. During the intervention, the SG group gained less body weight (-4.1 kg) and less fat mass (-2.8 kg) (p<0.05). At one year postpartum, the SG group retained less weight, though non-significant (0.35 vs. 4.4 kg, respectively; p=0.32), and reported trying to currently eat high fiber foods.Conclusion The SG intervention resulted in less weight gain, fat accrual, and weight retention at one year postpartum. A residual intervention effect was detected postpartum with the participants reporting continued efforts to consume a high fiber diet.

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