120 Impact of a Two-phase Lactation Feeding Program on Farrowing and Weaning Performance of Sows

2021 ◽  
Vol 99 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 56-57
Author(s):  
Allison K Blomme ◽  
Nick Weihs ◽  
James Jolliff ◽  
Trey A Kellner
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Unit ◽  
Two Phase ◽  
High Fiber ◽  
Treatment Groups ◽  
Pork Industry ◽  
Weight One ◽  
Feeding Program ◽  
Feed Costs ◽  
The One ◽  
Lactation Cycle

Abstract The U.S. Pork Industry uses a one-phase lactation feeding program based on logistical constraints and ease. The objective of this experiment was to quantify the sow performance differences between a one-phase and two-phase lactation feeding program to allow pork producers to calculate the economics of switching to a two-phase lactation feeding program. 257 gilts and sows (PIC 1050; Hendersonville, TN) were randomly assigned to a two-phase or one-phase lactation feeding program. Animals on the one-phase treatment were fed a typical lactation diet (2.55 Mcal/kg NE, 12.7% NDF, 0.99% SID Lys) for the duration of the experiment. Animals on the two-phase treatment were fed a high-fiber, lower-lysine transition diet (2.35 Mcal/kg NE, 18.5% NDF, 0.65% SID Lys) from the time they were loaded into the farrowing room until switching to the lactation diet on d 3 post-farrowing. From loading to farrowing, animals on both treatments were fed 1.82 kg/d, split between 2 meals at 630 and 1530 h. Daily feed amount was increased on the farrowing day and the 2 subsequent days (2.73, 4.09, 5.45 kg) until allowed ad libitum access to the lactation feed for both treatment groups on the third day after farrowing. Data were analyzed using Proc MIXED (SAS 9.4; Cary, NC) with treatment as the main effect and sow as the experimental unit. Comparing treatments, no significant differences on total born (one-phase = 16.2 vs. two-phase = 16.0, pigs/litter), live born (one-phase = 14.6 vs. two-phase = 14.4, pigs/litter), stillborn rate (one-phase = 8.1% vs. two-phase = 7.4%), number weaned (one-phase = 12.1 vs. two-phase = 11.9, pigs/litter), or weaning weight (one-phase = 5.67 vs. two-phase = 5.71, kg/pig; P ≥ 0.37) were detected. In conclusion, a two-phase lactation feeding program did not impair sow performance can be utilized to reduce lactation feed costs by $0.42/female/lactation cycle.

195 Does Feeding a Protease and Probiotic (Bacillus Subtilis) Combination (Syncra® SWI) Result in Improved Growth Performance and Mortality in a Commercial Wean-to-finish Swine Feeding Program?

2021 ◽  
Vol 99 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 77-78
Author(s):  
Trey A Kellner ◽  
Josh Ellingson ◽  
Ana L P de Souza ◽  
Janet C Remus
Keyword(s):  
Growth Performance ◽  
Experimental Period ◽  
Feed Additives ◽  
Control Treatment ◽  
Experimental Unit ◽  
Gut Health ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Feeding Program ◽  
Feed Costs ◽  
Combined Feed

Abstract The response to probiotics and enzymes is often documented in research facilities with a high degree of control and via pigs with no insults to health or feed intake. However, in commercial conditions, the response to feed additives promoting advanced gut health and improved digestion must be consistent and defined over a wide range of health statuses, stocking densities, feed intakes, environments, and diet formulations. The objective of this experiment was to determine if a combined feed protease and probiotic system (Syncra® SWI 201, DuPont, Wilmington, DE) would improve growth performance and mortality under commercial conditions. A total of 127,092 pigs (6.0 ± 0.1 kg; PIC 337 sired, Hendersonville, TN) from a sow farm producing porcine reproductive and respiratory virus and rotavirus positive weaned pigs were placed in 53 2,400-head commercial wean-to-finish barns that were alternated to 1 of 2 treatments (a control treatment without Syncra® SWI (SSWI) or with SSWI included at 72.6 g/ton of finished feed from 22.7 kg of BW to harvest) in a rolling allotment over a 12-month period. Pigs were on the experiment for an average of 162 ± 1.0 days (until harvest). Throughout the 12-month experimental period, diets (outside of the SSWI inclusion) could change in order to maximize return over feed costs. Data were analyzed using Proc MIXED (SAS 9.4; Cary, NC) with treatment as the main effect and barn as the experimental unit. Compared to the control, adding SSWI improved mortality by 1.9% and percent grade 1 marketed pigs by 2.2% (P ≤ 0.025). Compared to the control, SSWI did not improve ADG (control = 0.75 vs. SSWI = 0.78 kg) or gain:feed (control = 0.401 vs. SSWI = 0.396). In conclusion, the inclusion of the SSWI combined feed protease and probiotic system can improve mortality and grade 1 marketed pigs, but not growth performance under commercial conditions.

139 Does Feeding an Increased Level of Narasin (Skycis) Result in Improved Growth Performance and Mortality in a Commercial Wean-to-finish Swine Feeding Program?

2021 ◽  
Vol 99 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 70-70
Author(s):  
Trey A Kellner ◽  
Josh Ellingson ◽  
Paul Thomas
Keyword(s):  
Growth Performance ◽  
Experimental Period ◽  
Experimental Unit ◽  
Experimental Conditions ◽  
Environment And Health ◽  
Diet Formulation ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Feeding Program ◽  
Feed Costs ◽  
High Degree

Abstract The response to narasin (Skycis 100, Elanco, Greenfield, IN) to date has been documented in research facilities with a high degree of control and via pigs with no insults to health or feed intake. Furthermore, these studies are always conducted on a single subset of pigs and diets. However, in commercial conditions, the response to narasin must be consistent and defined over a wide range of health statuses, stocking densities, feed intakes, environments, and diet formulations. The objective of this experiment was to determine which inclusion level of narasin (13.6 or 18.1 g/ton) would provide the greatest response under commercial conditions. A total of 197,629 weaned barrows and gilts (6.0 ± 0.1 kg; PIC 337 sired, Hendersonville, TN) were placed in 73 2,400-head commercial wean-to-finish barns that were alternated to 1 of 2 treatments (13.6 or 18.1 g of narasin/ton) in a rolling allotment over an 18-month period. Pigs were on the experiment for an average of 163 ± 1.6 days (until harvest). Throughout the 18-month experimental period, diets (outside of the narasin inclusion) were allowed to change to maximize return over feed costs. Data were analyzed using Proc MIXED (SAS 9.4; Cary, NC) with treatment as the main effect and barn as the experimental unit. Compared to 13.6 g/ton, the increased level of narasin (18.1 g/ton) improved ADG (13.6 g/ton = 0.76 versus 18.1 g/ton = 0.78 kg/d; P = 0.035), gain:feed (13.6 g/ton = 0.389 versus 18.1 g/ton = 0.401; P = 0.042), and mortality from wean to harvest (13.6 g/ton = 7.2% versus 18.1 g/ton = 5.3%; P = 0.084). In summary, feeding an increased level of narasin (18.1 g/ton) during an ever-changing (diet formulation, environment, and health status) commercial experimental conditions resulted in greater growth performance and reduced mortality.

Arrangement Of Monomeric Units In Fibrin

1979 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jan Hermans
Keyword(s):  
Fiber Axis ◽  
High Symmetry ◽  
Linear Polymers ◽  
Fiber Volume ◽  
High Fiber ◽  
Rotation Axes ◽  
Small Set ◽  
Helical Turn ◽  
The One ◽  
Kinetics Of

Measurements of light scattering have given much information about formation and properties of fibrin. These studies have determined mass-length ratio of linear polymers (protofibrils) and of fibers, kinetics of polymerization and of lateral association and volume-mass ratio of thick fibers. This ratio is 5 to 1. On the one hand, this high value suggests that the fiber contains channels that allow the diffusion of enzymes such as Factor XHIa and plasmin; on the other hand, the high value appears paradoxical for a stiff fiber made up of elongated units (fibrin monomers) arranged in parallel. Such a high fiber volume is a property of only a small set out of many high-symmetry models of fibrin, which may be constructed from overlapping three-domain monomers which are arranged into strands, are aligned nearly parallel to the fiber axis and make adequate longitudinal and lateral contacts. These models contain helical protofibrils related to each other by rotation axes parallel to the fiber axis. The protofibrils may contain 2, 3 or 4 monomers per helical turn and there are four possible symmetries. A large specific volume is achieved if the ends of each monomer are slightly displaced from the protofibril axis, either by a shift or by a tilt of the monomer. The fiber containing tilted monomers is more highly interconnected; the two ends of a tilted monomer form lateral contacts with different adjacent protofibrils, whereas the two ends of a non-tilted monomer contact the same adjacent protofibril(s).

scholarly journals PSVIII-35 Late-Breaking Abstract: Administration of an appeasing substance at castration improves performance of pre-conditioned beef crossbred steers

2020 ◽  
Vol 98 (Supplement_4) ◽  
pp. 347-348
Author(s):  
Kelsey Schubach ◽  
Bruno I Cappellozza ◽  
Marcos Renato Burim ◽  
André Velasco ◽  
Fernando Sagrado ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Feed Efficiency ◽  
Minimum Distance ◽  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
Bos Indicus ◽  
Experimental Unit ◽  
Water Restriction ◽  
Improve Performance ◽  
Treatment Groups ◽  
Improved Performance ◽  
To Receive

Abstract Alternatives that alleviate stress-related responses and improve performance of the beef cattle herd are imperative and deserve further investigation. In previous trials, administration of the bovine appeasing substance (BAS) has improved performance of newly-weaned and feedlot received beef animals, as well as reduced the risk of dark, firm, and dry (DFD) cuts in carcass obtained from Bos indicus cattle. Therefore, this study was designed to evaluate the effects of BAS administration at castration on pre-conditioning performance of crossbred beef animals. On day 0, 390 crossbred Angus × Nellore animals were ranked by initial shrunk BW (255 ± 21.1 kg) and assigned to receive or not (CON) 5 mL/head of BAS (SecureCattle; Nutricorp, Araras, SP, Brazil) immediately before castration. From d 0 to 30, animals within treatments were maintained in 2 feedot pens with a minimum distance (300 m) to avoid contact between treatment groups and received a grass hay-based diet (70:30 roughage:concentrate ratio) ad libitum. On day 30, animals were individually weighed following 16 hours of feed and water restriction. Hence, a descriptive analysis was performed to evaluate pen dry matter intake (DMI) and feed efficiency (FE). Animal was considered the experimental unit and all data were analyzed using the PROC MIXED procedure of SAS (version 9.4; SAS Inst. Inc., Cary, NC). Bovine appeasing substance administration at castration improved ADG and BW change (P < 0.0001) compared with CON cohorts (0.983 vs. 1.155 kg/d and 29.5 vs. 34.6 kg for ADG and BW change, respectively). Total DMI was similar among treatments when reported as kg/d (6.70 vs. 6.75 kg) or % of BW (2.48 vs. 2.48%), whereas FE was dramatically improved in BAS-administered animals (146 vs. 172 g/kg for CON and BAS, respectively). In summary, BAS administration improved performance of crossbred beef animals for 30 days post-castration.

scholarly journals Two-phase CFD simulation of the monodyspersed suspension hydraulic behaviour in the tank apparatus from a circulatory pipe

2008 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 22-27 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roch Plewik ◽  
Piotr Synowiec ◽  
Janusz Wójcik
Keyword(s):  
Cfd Simulation ◽  
Fluidised Bed ◽  
Cfd Simulations ◽  
Two Phase ◽  
Hydraulic Behaviour ◽  
Hydraulic Conditions ◽  
The One ◽  
Cfd Method ◽  
Multi Phase ◽  
The Ideal

Two-phase CFD simulation of the monodyspersed suspension hydraulic behaviour in the tank apparatus from a circulatory pipe The hydrodynamics in fluidized-bed crystallizers is studied by CFD method. The simulations were performed by a commercial packet of computational fluid dynamics Fluent 6.x. For the one-phase modelling (15), a standard k-ε model was applied. In the case of the two-phase flows the Eulerian multi-phase model with a standard k-ε method, aided by the k-ε dispersed model for viscosity, has been used respectively. The collected data put a new light on the suspension flow behaviour in the annular zone of the fluidised bed crystallizer. From the presented here CFD simulations, it clearly issues that the real hydraulic conditions in the fluidised bed crystallizers are far from the ideal ones.

scholarly journals On the Two-phase Fractional Stefan Problem

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 437-458 ◽  
Author(s):  
Félix del Teso ◽  
Jørgen Endal ◽  
Juan Luis Vázquez
Keyword(s):  
Free Boundary ◽  
Stefan Problem ◽  
Free Boundary Problems ◽  
Classical Problem ◽  
Nonlocal Diffusion ◽  
Two Phase ◽  
Boundary Problems ◽  
Numerical Studies ◽  
The One ◽  
Evolution Type

AbstractThe classical Stefan problem is one of the most studied free boundary problems of evolution type. Recently, there has been interest in treating the corresponding free boundary problem with nonlocal diffusion. We start the paper by reviewing the main properties of the classical problem that are of interest to us. Then we introduce the fractional Stefan problem and develop the basic theory. After that we center our attention on selfsimilar solutions, their properties and consequences. We first discuss the results of the one-phase fractional Stefan problem, which have recently been studied by the authors. Finally, we address the theory of the two-phase fractional Stefan problem, which contains the main original contributions of this paper. Rigorous numerical studies support our results and claims.

scholarly journals Dental and skeletal changes in mild to moderate Class II malocclusions treated by either a Twin-block or Xbow appliance followed by full fixed orthodontic treatment

2015 ◽  
Vol 85 (6) ◽  
pp. 997-1002 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sayeh Ehsani ◽  
Brian Nebbe ◽  
David Normando ◽  
Manuel O Lagravere ◽  
Carlos Flores-Mir
Keyword(s):  
Orthodontic Treatment ◽  
Class Ii ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Block Group ◽  
Two Phase ◽  
Mandibular Incisor ◽  
Twin Block ◽  
Treatment Groups ◽  
Skeletal Changes ◽  
Length Increase

ABSTRACT Objective:  To compare the short-term skeletal and dental effects of two-phase orthodontic treatment including either a Twin-block or an XBow appliance. Materials and Methods:  This was a retrospective clinical trial of 50 consecutive Class II cases treated in a private practice with either a Twin-block (25) or XBow (25) appliance followed by full fixed orthodontic treatment. To factor out growth, an untreated Class II control group (25) was considered. Results:  A MANOVA of treatment/observation changes followed by univariate pairwise comparisons showed that the maxilla moved forward less in the treatment groups than in the control group. As for mandibular changes, the corpus length increase was larger in the Twin-block group by 3.9 mm. Dentally, mesial movement of mandibular molars was greater in both treatment groups. Although no distalization of maxillary molars was found in either treatment group, restriction of mesial movement of these teeth was seen in both treatment groups. Both treatment groups demonstrated increased mandibular incisor proclination with larger increases for the XBow group by 3.3°. The Wits value was decreased by 1.6 mm more in the Twin-block group. No sex-related differences were observed. Conclusions:  Class II correction using an XBow or Twin-block followed by fixed appliances occurs through a relatively similar combination of dental and skeletal effects. An increase in mandibular incisor inclination for the XBow group and an increased corpus length for the Twin-block group were notable exceptions. No overall treatment length differences were seen.

Study of CFD Modeling of Performance for Classification

2012 ◽  
Vol 516-517 ◽  
pp. 784-789
Author(s):  
Wei Cao ◽  
Ying Fang ◽  
De Xiang Li
Keyword(s):  
Simulation Experiment ◽  
Particle Trajectory ◽  
Phase Particle ◽  
Theoretical Perspective ◽  
Cfd Modeling ◽  
Optimized Design ◽  
Two Phase ◽  
Ansys Cfx ◽  
The One ◽  
Classification Efficiency

The numerical simulation in the classification has been used in ANSYS CFX 10.0. We described the different flow fields within the classification in accordance with the one-phase simulation experiment, which provided a new theoretical perspective for optimized design on classification. At the same time, the classification efficiency was predicted by simulation for two phase particle trajectory. This will lay a foundation for improving classification efficiency.

249 Increasing Structural Fiber Improves Growth Performance of Nursery Pigs

2021 ◽  
Vol 99 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 93-93
Author(s):  
Sara Ebarb ◽  
Sabrina May ◽  
Mark D Newcomb
Keyword(s):  
Growth Performance ◽  
Mixed Model ◽  
Linear Mixed Model ◽  
Two Phase ◽  
Nursery Pigs ◽  
High Fiber ◽  
Rice Hulls ◽  
Fiber Treatment ◽  
Wheat Middlings

Abstract Fiber ingredients in swine diets have various components that affect the intestinal tract distinctively. The objective of this study was to determine the effect of structural fiber sources on growth performance of nursery pigs. A total of 1,760 weanling pigs (initial BW = 6.12 ± 0.3 kg, 16 reps/trt, 22 pigs/pen) were used in a study with 5 dietary treatments: 1) Complex nursery diet with no additional fiber (CON); 2) CON + 2% rice hulls; 3) CON + 4% rice hulls; 4) CON + 6% wheat middlings; 5) CON + 12% wheat middlings. Fiber ingredients were added at the expense of corn and some processed soybean meal to maintain similar dietary protein levels. Using an in vitro fermentation estimation of fermentation for rice hulls and wheat middlings, diets were constructed to add similar levels of structural (non-fermentable NDF) fiber between low and high additions of rice hulls and wheat middlings. Pens across two barns were randomly allotted independent of one another and within a location block to one of the five treatments on d 0 of a two-phase study (d 0–11 and d 11–20.5 post-weaning). Data were analyzed by general linear model in R. Mortality and removal data were analyzed as a generalized linear mixed model with a binomial distribution. Contrasts tested the effect of additional fiber (CON vs treatments 2–5), effect of medium vs high fiber (treatment 2/4 vs 3/5), effect of source of fiber (treatment 2/3 vs 4/5), and the interaction of level and source of fiber. Overall (Table 1), additional fiber resulted in increased ADFI (P < 0.05) and tended to increase ADG (P < 0.10). Probability of mortality and removal was reduced (P < 0.05) when additional fiber was included. In summary, increasing the level of structural fiber improved performance and livability of nursery pigs.

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