The effect of the feed additive Bioprotectin-KD on the productivity of dairy cows and the correction of the microbiota of calves

The results of tests of a new combined feed additive Bioprotektin-KD based on milk thistle extract with the addition of a complex of bacteria of the genus Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium to restore intestinal microbiota of animals are presented. Preclinical studies on the effectiveness of the feed additive were conducted on mice with experimental antibiotic-associated dysbacteriosis. Studies on the intestinal microbiota of mice revealed varying degrees of effect of different doses of feed additive on the recovery of resident microflora. The results of pre-clinical studies have proven the harmlessness, non-toxicity and efficacy of the feed additive. Clinical trials of the additive were carried out on productive animals. Its effect on the productivity of black-motley breed cows in a livestock farm in the Belgorod region was studied. The use of the functional feed additive Bioprotectin-KD had a positive effect on the milk productivity of black-motley breed cows. Cows in the experimental groups that received the feed additive had increased their milk yield per lactation by 209.41-499.01 kg compared to the control animals, which was 4.01-8.78%. The quality indicators of milk have increased. The composition of the microflora of the experimental (feed supplement recipients) and control calves was studied. It was found that the quantitative composition of probiotic flora in the intestines of young calves of the control group remained practically unchanged throughout the experiment. The number of indigeneous microflora (lactobacilli and bifidobacteria) increased in the experimental animals. The content of lactic acid microorganisms in the experimental calves began to increase on day 6 of feed supplementation and reached physiological norm on day 30. The safety index of the product has been calculated. The use of the functional feed additive Bioprotektin-KD in conditions of a livestock complex has improved such production indicators as calf survival, average daily weight gain, and milk productivity of cows in the experimental groups of animals as compared to the control ones.

Study of the efficiency of using biogenic metals for feeding calves

Breeding young cattle is important, especially during the transition period from dairy feeding to concentrated dry feed. The paper presents the results of the use of biogenic metal nicotinates for weaning calves to improve metabolism in animals. The aim of research. To investigate the effect of biogenic metal nicotinates: Zn, Cu, Fe, Co, Mn on the biochemical parameters of blood in calves after weaning. Materials and methods. The study was carried out during 2021 in the conditions of LLC "Agrofirma Lan", Sumy region, Sumy district, Kindrativka, Ukraine for breeding young cattle. The calves of the experimental group were given compound feed and a premix of nicotinates of biogenic metals: Zn, Cu, Fe, Co, Mn, manufactured by PPronos Agro" (1 g per 1 kg of feed). In the control group, combined feed and a premix with metal sulfates were used for 30 days. Results. An increase in the level of total protein in the body of calves of the experimental groups was established by 16.12 % in comparison with the control (p≤0.05). Also, in experimental animals, the activity of the enzymes alanine aminotransferase and aspartate aminotransferase was higher than the physiological norm, which shows an insignificant effect of nicotinates of biogenic metals on internal organs and systems. In the experimental group of calves, the level of magnesium was probably higher by 52.38 % and potassium – by 14.94 % compared to the control group (p≤0.05). It was found that the animals of the experimental groups probably had more zinc by 34.96 %; copper – by 35.72 %; iron – by 92.29 %; manganese – by 41.13 %; selenium – by 3.22 % and cobalt – by 98.33 % compared to the control (p≤0.05). Conclusions. The positive effect of the use of biogenic metal nicotinates on the metabolism of calves at weaning has been proven. It was found that the level of total protein in the body of calves of the experimental groups was probably higher by 16.12 %, magnesium - by 52.38 %; potassium - by 14.94 %. When determining the content of inorganic substances, it was found that the animals of the experimental groups probably had more zinc by 34.96 %; copper – by 35.72 %; iron – by 92.29 %; manganese – by 41.13 %; selenium – by 3.22 % and cobalt – by 98.33 % compared to the control (p≤0.05)

Modelling and performance analysis for cumene production process in a four-layer packed bed reactor

A mathematical model is developed and designed for the cumene reactor in cumene production process in Hindustan Organic Chemicals Limited (HOCL), Kochi with improved operating conditions. High purity cumene is produced by the alkylation of benzene with propylene in this catalytic condensation process where solid phosphoric acid (SPA) is used as the catalyst. The mathematical model has been derived from mass and energy balance equations considering the reactor as fixed packed bed reactor and two different numerical methods are presented here to solve the modelling equations. The explicit finite difference method (FDM) involves the approximation of derivatives into finite differences, and in the other one, orthogonal collocation (OC), Ordinary Diffeential Equations (ODEs) are formed at the collocation points and are solved using Runge–Kutta fourth order numerical scheme. Here the analysis shows that the predictions from the model are in good alignment with the plant data. The combined feed has the optimum value of 1:2:8 for propylene, propane and benzene and the profiles of temperature and concentration can be obtained along the reactor. The model has been implemented in COMSOL Multiphysics as a packed bed reactor using the same parameters collected from the plant of study. It has been found that the reaction occurs at a satisfactory level even with a low temperature than the reactor temperature at the plant by changing the catalytic particle size. The reaction performance is also analysed for the physical properties like porosity and catalyst size.

PSVII-23 Experimental evaluation of the effectiveness of the Quercus cortex extract in the carp feeding system

One of the most promising ways to improve the effectiveness of fish farming is the use of phytobiotics in the diet of fish. On this basis, we set the aim to evaluate the effectiveness of the Quercus cortex extract in the concentration of 1 mg/kg on biological features and the productivity of carp. The object of the research was yearling carp grown in the conditions of Orenburgskiy Osetr LLC. Two groups (n = 20) were formed by the method of analogs to conduct the research. After the adaption period (7 days), the groups came to the experimental period (35 days). The feed KRK-110–1 produced by PJSC Orenburg Combined-Feed Plant was used as the basal diet. The live fish were monitored weekly by individual weighing during the accounting period. The elemental composition was determined by the method of atomic emission and mass spectrometry (ICP-AES and ICP-MS). The microflora analysis was carried out by the method of metagenomic sequencing. The use of the Quercus cortex extract in the diet in the studied concentration increased body weight by 15.1% (P ≤ 0.05) compared to the control group. There was experimentally revealed a stimulating effect on the population growth of individual representatives of the microbiome (Luteolibacter, Lactococcus) (P ≤ 0.05) without significantly changing the overall picture of the microbial profile, which, in our view, affects the metabolic processes, in particular, by stimulating the formation of biologically available forms of essential elements and their subsequent accumulation in the tissues of the studied fish. Thus, the experimental group found: (against the background of an increase in the total mineralization (ash residue) by 17.95 % (P ≤ 0.05)) the calcium content increased by 133.9% (P ≤ 0.05), phosphorus by 83% (P ≤ 0.05), iron by 337.7% (P ≤ 0.05), respectively, in comparison with the control group.

The use of substandard grain in the technology of compound feed of increased nutritional value

The article discusses the complex processing of substandard grain and by-products of processing agricultural raw materials in the technology of obtaining a combined feed with increased nutritional value.A method for processing feed with polysteam lactic acid ferment based on whole-ground soy flour and wastes from processing soybeans in the presence of 0.5% lactose solution is proposed. The optimal modes of feed biofermentationhave been established: pH – 5.2, medium temperature - 25°C. There was an increase in the finished product of reducing substances by 23.3%, crude protein up to 12.8%.The proposed method in the production of compound feed allows you to process substandard wheat grain, obtain a protein mass, dispose of production waste - soybean meal, thus eliminating sources of environmental pollution.

JUSTIFICATION OF THE PARAMETERS OF THE SEALED INSERT OF A SOFT CONTAINER DURING STORAGE OF THE FOOD IN THE MEDIUM OF CARBON GAS

Проблема и цель. На протяжении многих лет перед человечеством встает вопрос о выборе правильных способов длительного хранения зерновых культур, используемых в животноводстве. Это относится и к хранению комбинированных кормов. Был разработан способ упаковки комбинированных кормов в среде углекислого газа. Цель – ограничение взаимодействия комбикорма с атмосферным воздухом. Методология. Загрузку комбикорма в мягкий контейнер с вкладышем осуществляют с помощью устройства для затаривания комбикорма. Мягкий контейнер устанавливают в кассету, стенки которой закрывают и фиксируют с помощью замков. Комбикорм загружают с одновременной подачей углекислого газа иглой-инъектором, по мере загрузки мягкого контейнера комбикормом иглу-инъектор направляют в различные части контейнера с целью равномерного распределения углекислого газа внутри контейнера. Благодаря значительной молярной массе углекислого газа происходит вытеснение воздуха, в том числе и кислорода, из загружаемого контейнера. Для уменьшения окисления комбикорма осуществляют сжатие контейнера снизу при помощи пневматических домкратов, смонтированных на днище кассеты. Кассету выкатывают из устройства загрузки, открывают ее стенки и с помощью погрузчика контейнер с комбикормом на поддоне извлекают, транспортируя к месту хранения. Результаты. На процесс диффузии углекислого газа влияет также давление внутри и снаружи герметичного контейнера, однако время хранения имеет небольшую значимость. Толщина пленки напрямую влияет на способность удерживать давление комбикорма, возникающее при сжатии мягкого контейнера пневматическими домкратами. Наибольшие напряжения обычно возникают в местах изгиба, когда радиус кривизны уменьшается. Такие зоны расположены по ребрам контейнера и особенно в углах. Заключение. Моделирование параметров пленки позволило установить, что для обеспечения необходимой прочности следует применять полиэтиленовую пленку ГОСТ 16338-85 толщиной 150 мкм. Problem and purpose. For many years, mankind has been faced with the question of choosing the right methods for long-term storage of grain crops used in animal husbandry. This also applies to the storage of compound feed. A method has been developed for packaging combined feed in a carbon dioxide environment. The goal is to limit the interaction of compound feed with atmospheric air. Methodology. The feed is loaded into a soft container with an insert using a feed filling device. The soft container is installed in a cassette, the walls of which are closed and fixed to each other with locks. The compound feed is loaded with the simultaneous supply of carbon dioxide by the needle-injector; as the soft container is loaded with compound feed, the needle-injector is directed to various parts of the container in order to evenly distribute carbon dioxide inside the container. Due to the significant molar mass of carbon dioxide, air, including oxygen, is displaced from the loaded container. To reduce the oxidation of the compound feed, the container is compressed from the bottom using pneumatic jacks mounted on the bottom of the cassette. The cassette is rolled out of the loading device, its walls are opened and, using a loader, the container with the compound feed on the pallet is removed and transported to the storage location. Results. The carbon dioxide diffusion process is also pressured inside and outside the sealed container, but storage time is of little importance. Film thickness directly affects the ability to hold the feed pressure that occurs when the flexible container is compressed with pneumatic jacks. The greatest stresses usually occur at bending points when the radius of curvature decreases. Such areas are located along the edges of the container and especially in the corners. Conclusion. Modeling the parameters of the film made it possible to establish that to ensure the required strength, a polyethylene film GOST 16338-85 with a thickness of 150 μm should be used.

Hematological and biochemical indicators of rainbown trout blood depending on lysin and methionine levels in feed

The effect of use of complete feed with different lysine and methionine levels on the hematological and biochemical indicators of rainbow trout blood is studied in the article. The aim of the experiment was to establish the effect of different levels of amino acid nutrition of commercial rainbow trout on hematological and biochemical indicators of its blood. For this purpose, five experimental groups were formed by the analog method. The study lasted 210 days and was divided into two periods: equalizing (10 days) and basic (200 days). In the equalizing period, the trial fish consumed feed of the control group. In the basic period of the experiment, the level of lysine and methionine in the production feed ranged from 2.5 to 2.9% and from 0.8 to 1.0%, respectively. It was found that the different content of lysine and methionine in the diets of two-year-old rainbow trout did not cause significant changes in biochemical indicators of blood. The increase in the content of limiting amino acids in the combined feed of young rainbow trout caused slight deviations in hemoglobin content compared to control. The analysis of the obtained results revealed the highest content of erythrocytes (1.28 T/l) in the blood of specimen of experimental group 5, the level of amino acids in combined feeds was the lowest. Its highest content was found in the blood plasma of trout of experimental group 4, which received combined feed with a content of 2.8 % lysine and 0.95 % methionine. The concentration of total protein in the blood serum was almost the same in all experimental groups of commercial rainbow trout. It was found that different levels of amino acid nutrition of rainbow trout did not affect the dynamics of changes in the blood cell morphology differentials.

Streptomyces biomass – effective additive in poultry nutrition

Introduction. The breeding of domestic poultry is an important source to soupplement the human needs in animal proteins with a high biological value. Therefore, knowledge and guidance of the factors that influence poultry production is a guarantee of increasing these productions, both in terms of quantity and quality.Material and methods. The investigation was aimed to administer the 0.05% and 0.1% streptomyces biomass in the recipe of combined fodder, intended for the feeding of young poultry of the Argintie de Adler breed, in order to identify the effectiveness of its administration.Results. The supplementing of streptomyces biomass in the proportion of 0.1% in the recipe of combined feed intended for feeding the poultry of the Argintie de Adler breed, contributed to a 5.1% gross weight gain and a lower specific consumption by 9.9% in chickens from the experimental batch, compared to those of the control batch.Conclusions. The assessment of the dynamic indices of growth and development in chickens of the Argintie de Adler breed, as a result of supplementation of nutrition recipes with streptomyces biomass, has established a sure way to boost the productivity.

195 Does Feeding a Protease and Probiotic (Bacillus Subtilis) Combination (Syncra® SWI) Result in Improved Growth Performance and Mortality in a Commercial Wean-to-finish Swine Feeding Program?

The response to probiotics and enzymes is often documented in research facilities with a high degree of control and via pigs with no insults to health or feed intake. However, in commercial conditions, the response to feed additives promoting advanced gut health and improved digestion must be consistent and defined over a wide range of health statuses, stocking densities, feed intakes, environments, and diet formulations. The objective of this experiment was to determine if a combined feed protease and probiotic system (Syncra® SWI 201, DuPont, Wilmington, DE) would improve growth performance and mortality under commercial conditions. A total of 127,092 pigs (6.0 ± 0.1 kg; PIC 337 sired, Hendersonville, TN) from a sow farm producing porcine reproductive and respiratory virus and rotavirus positive weaned pigs were placed in 53 2,400-head commercial wean-to-finish barns that were alternated to 1 of 2 treatments (a control treatment without Syncra® SWI (SSWI) or with SSWI included at 72.6 g/ton of finished feed from 22.7 kg of BW to harvest) in a rolling allotment over a 12-month period. Pigs were on the experiment for an average of 162 ± 1.0 days (until harvest). Throughout the 12-month experimental period, diets (outside of the SSWI inclusion) could change in order to maximize return over feed costs. Data were analyzed using Proc MIXED (SAS 9.4; Cary, NC) with treatment as the main effect and barn as the experimental unit. Compared to the control, adding SSWI improved mortality by 1.9% and percent grade 1 marketed pigs by 2.2% (P ≤ 0.025). Compared to the control, SSWI did not improve ADG (control = 0.75 vs. SSWI = 0.78 kg) or gain:feed (control = 0.401 vs. SSWI = 0.396). In conclusion, the inclusion of the SSWI combined feed protease and probiotic system can improve mortality and grade 1 marketed pigs, but not growth performance under commercial conditions.