Effects of dietary Forsythia suspensa extract supplementation to lactating sows and nursery pigs on post-weaning performance, antioxidant capacity, nutrient digestibility, immunoglobulins and intestinal health

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shenfei Long ◽  
Xiangshu Piao
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Capacity ◽  
Control Diet ◽  
Intestinal Health ◽  
Villus Height ◽  
Nursery Pigs ◽  
Crypt Depth ◽  
Forsythia Suspensa ◽  
Lactating Sows ◽  
Split Plot ◽  
Dietary Treatments

Abstract The aim of this study was to determine the effect of dietary Forsythia suspensa extract (FSE) supplementation to lactating sows and nursery pigs on post-weaning performance, antioxidant capacity, immunoglobulins and intestinal health. Based on backfat, BW and parity, 24 gestating sows (Landrace × Yorkshire) with average parity of 3.38 ± 0.61 and BW of 234 ± 6.81 kg were allotted into 2 dietary treatments (control vs. 100 mg/kg FSE) with 12 sows per treatment from d 107 of gestation to d 21 of lactation. After weaning, based on the initial BW and source litter, 192 nursery pigs [Duroc × (Landrace × Yorkshire), average BW of 6.98 ± 0.32 kg, weaned at d 21] were allotted into 4 dietary treatments with 8 replicate pens per treatment, 6 pigs per pen for a 4-wk study. The treatments included: (1) CC (sows and their piglets both fed control diet); (2) CF [sows fed control diet and their piglets fed FSE diet (containing 100 mg/kg FSE)]; (3) FC (sows fed FSE diet and their piglets fed control diet); (4) FF (sows and their piglets both fed FSE diet). The MIXED procedures of SAS for a split-plot arrangement with sow diet as the whole plot and nursery diet as split plot was used to analyze data. After weaning, piglets from FSE-fed sows had improved (P < 0.05) ADG and feed efficiency, and lower (P < 0.05) diarrhea rate in overall (d 1 to 28) compared with those from sows fed control diet. Piglets from FSE-fed sows also had higher (P < 0.05) contents of IgG, growth hormone, superoxide dismutase (SOD), total antioxidant capacity in serum, villus height in ileum and villus height to crypt depth ratio in jejunum, as well as lower (P < 0.05) content of malondialdehyde (MDA) in serum and crypt depth in ileum compared with those from sows fed control diet. Piglets fed FSE during nursery had increased (P < 0.05) concentrations of IgG, SOD and catalase, and decreased (P < 0.05) MDA and tumor nuclear factor-α levels in serum compared with those fed control diet during nursery. Piglets from FC group had increased (P < 0.05) protein expression of occludin in jejunal mucosa and relative abundance of Lactobacillus on genus level in colon compared with those from CC group. In conclusion, for the performance and intestinal health, diets supplemented with FSE during lactation phase seemed more efficient to alleviate weaning stress than the nursery phase. In terms of the antioxidant status and immunoglobulins, FSE supplemented in both phases were efficient for nursery pigs.

Effects of spray-dried colostrum and plasmas on the performance and gut morphology of broiler chickens

2005 ◽  
Vol 56 (8) ◽  
pp. 811 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. R. King ◽  
V. Ravindran ◽  
P. C. H. Morel ◽  
D. V. Thomas ◽  
M. J. Birtles ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Broiler Chickens ◽  
Control Diet ◽  
Broiler Chicks ◽  
Villus Height ◽  
Gut Morphology ◽  
Crypt Depth ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Bovine Plasma ◽  
Dietary Treatments ◽  
Spray Dried

The influence of feeding with starter diets containing spray-dried bovine colostrum (SBC), spray-dried bovine plasma (SBP), or spray-dried porcine plasma (SPP) on the growth performance and gut morphology of broiler chickens was investigated. The crude protein, lysine, and methionine plus cystine contents (g/kg as received) of SBC, SBP, and SPP were determined to be 766, 736, and 684; 58, 61, and 55; and 27, 28, and 24, respectively. The 3 test proteins were incorporated into a maize–soybean meal diet at a level of 50 g/kg and fed to 6 replicates of 8 male broiler chicks from 1 to 14 days of age. On Day 14, the experimental diets were replaced with a common grower-finisher diet, which was offered until Day 35. Dietary treatments had no effect (P > 0.05) on the weight gain or feed intake of birds during the first 14 days. However, feed/gain of birds fed the SBC diet was lower (P < 0.05) than of those fed the control diet. A trend for a reduction in feed/gain (P = 0.06) was observed in SBP and SPP diets. Dietary treatments had no effect (P > 0.05) on performance during Days 14–35 or Days 1–35. Villus height was increased by 5.7% (P < 0.05) and 4.6% (P = 0.05) in birds fed the SPP and SBP diets, respectively, compared with those fed the control diet. Crypt depth was 6% greater (P < 0.05) in birds fed the SPP diet and tended (P = 0.08) to be greater in birds fed the SBC diet, compared with birds fed the control. The ratio of villus height to crypt depth tended (P = 0.06) to be lower in birds offered the SBC diet compared with the control. Crypt goblet cell density was reduced (P < 0.05) by 13.9% in birds fed the SBC diet, compared with control birds. These results suggest that feeding with diets containing the SBC, SBP, and SPP during 1–14 days of age has some beneficial effects on broiler chickens. Further studies are needed to evaluate these products in less sanitary environments, which may increase the positive responses.

Effect of capsaicin and capsaicin plus DL-methionine hydroxy analog in diet on growth performance and gastrointestinal conditions of nursery pigs

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Siriporn Namted ◽  
Theerawit Poeikhampha ◽  
Choawit Rakangthong ◽  
Chaiyapoom Bunchasak
Keyword(s):  
Lactic Acid ◽  
Growth Performance ◽  
Synergistic Effects ◽  
Control Diet ◽  
Intestinal Morphology ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Nursery Pigs ◽  
Crypt Depth ◽  
Gastrointestinal Conditions ◽  
Dietary Treatments

The study was conducted to determine the effect of supplemental capsaicin (CS) or capsaicin plus DL-methionine hydroxy analog (CS+LMA) in diets on growth performance and gastrointestinal conditions of nursery pigs. Seventy-two castrated male piglets (BW 7.79 ± 0.02 kg) were offered diets for 6 weeks as follows: 1) control diet, 2) control diet with capsaicin 2.5 ppm (CS), and 3) control diet with capsaicin 2.5 ppm plus DL-LMA 0.05 % (CS+LMA). The dietary treatments did not influence growth performance, gastrointestinal pH and the bacterial population in the caecum (P>0.05). However, in the caecum, number of Lactobacillus spp. tended to increase (P=0.09), and lactic acid concentration was increased (P less than 0.05) by CS+LMA supplementation. The supplemental CS or CS+LMA increased the villus height (P less than 0.01), and CS+LMA supplementation increased the crypt depth (P less than 0.05) in the segment of duodenum compared to the control group. The blood urea nitrogen (BUN) was not influenced by CS or CSLMA supplementations (P>0.05). In conclusion, supplementing CS improved the small intestinal morphology, and there were synergistic effects on the duodenal crypt depth and caecal lactic acid when LMA was combined with CS.

scholarly journals 168 Effects of forsythia suspensa extract supplemented in sows and piglets on performance, antioxidant status, serum immunity and intestinal morphology in weaned piglets

2019 ◽  
Vol 97 (Supplement_3) ◽  
pp. 174-174
Author(s):  
Shenfei Long ◽  
Xiangshu Piao
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Status ◽  
Phase 1 ◽  
Interaction Effects ◽  
Intestinal Morphology ◽  
Average Weight ◽  
Weaned Piglets ◽  
Villus Height ◽  
Crypt Depth ◽  
Forsythia Suspensa ◽  
Dietary Treatments

Abstract The objective of this experiment was to evaluate the effect of forsythia suspensa extract (FSE) supplemented in sows and piglets on performance, serum immunity and intestinal morphology in weaned pigs. A total of 192 healthy piglets [Duroc × (Landrace × Yorkshire), 21-d weaned, average weight 6.98 ± 0.32 kg] were randomly allocated to 1 of 4 dietary treatments with 8 replicate pens per treatment (3 barrows and 3 gilts per pen). The dietary treatments are 2 × 2 design, which included a corn-soybean basal diet (CTR) or FSE diet (CTR+100 mg/kg FSE) in sows (maternal) and weaned piglets (offspring) individually. Compared with CTR, maternal FSE supplementation could reduce (P &lt; 0.01) diarrhea score and rate, tend to increase ADG in phase 1 (d 1 to 14) and 2 (d 15 to 28), as well as enhance (P &lt; 0.05) ADG and feed efficiency in overall (d 1 to 28). On d 14, maternal and offspring FSE supplementation have interaction effects on increasing serum SOD, GSH-Px and CAT contents, while maternal FSE supplementation also showed enhanced (P &lt; 0.05) serum GSH-Px content compared with CTR. On d 28, maternal or offspring FSE supplementation showed improved (P &lt; 0.05) concentrations of serum IgG, SOD, T-AOC and GH, decreased (P &lt; 0.05) content of serum MDA, whereas maternal and offspring FSE supplementation have interaction effects on enhancing (P &lt; 0.05) the concentrations of serum IgA, T-AOC and GSH-Px contents compared with CTR. Moreover, maternal FSE supplementation had higher (P &lt; 0.05) villus height to crypt depth ratio in jejunum, increased (P &lt; 0.05) villus height, and lower (P &lt; 0.05) crypt depth in ileum compared with CTR. In conclusion, maternal FSE supplementation could be an efficient way to improve performance, antioxidant status and immune function in weaned piglets.

scholarly journals Effects of Dietary β-Mannanase Supplementation on Growth Performance, Apparent Total Tract Digestibility, Intestinal Integrity, and Immune Responses in Weaning Pigs

Animals ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 703
Author(s):  
Jae-Cheol Jang ◽  
Kwang Kim ◽  
Young Jang ◽  
Yoo Kim
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Growth Performance ◽  
Basal Diet ◽  
Villus Height ◽  
Crypt Depth ◽  
Intestinal Integrity ◽  
Weaning Pigs ◽  
Dietary Treatments ◽  
And Oxidative Stress

The experiment aimed to investigate the effects of dietary β-mannanase supplementation on growth performance, apparent total tract digestibility (ATTD) of nutrients, intestinal integrity, and the immunological and oxidative stress parameters in weaning pigs. A total of 64 newly weaning pigs (initial body weight: 6.96 ± 0.70 kg) were allotted to two dietary treatments in eight replicates per treatment with four pigs per pen based on body weight and sex. Dietary treatments were 1.) CON (control: corn-soybean meal based basal diet) and 2.) β-mannanase (basal diet +0.06% β-mannanase). The β-mannanase supplementation did not affect growth performance, concentrations of acute phase protein, superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase. However, the pigs fed the β-mannanase-supplemented diet had greater ATTD of ether extract, jejunum villus height, and villus height-to-crypt depth ratio, and lower crypt depth compared with those fed the CON diet (p < 0.05). The pigs fed the β-mannanase-supplemented diet tended to have the lower count of E. coli in cecum than those fed the CON diet (p = 0.08). In conclusion, dietary β-mannanase supplementation did not affect growth performance, immune response and oxidative stress of weaning pigs, whereas it increased fat digestibility and had positive effects on intestinal integrity and cecum microflora by reducing the count of E.coli.

scholarly journals Evaluation of a partially de-oiled microalgae product in nursery pig diets1

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 169-183 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pedro E Urriola ◽  
Joey A Mielke ◽  
Qingqing Mao ◽  
Yuan-Tai Hung ◽  
John F Kurtz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Block Design ◽  
Control Diet ◽  
Limited Information ◽  
Growth Responses ◽  
Liver Sample ◽  
Nursery Pigs ◽  
Feeding Programs ◽  
Nursery Pig ◽  
Quadratic Effects ◽  
Dietary Treatments

Abstract Although microalgae can be used as a source of energy and macronutrients in pig diets, there is limited information on the use of partially de-oiled microalgae coproducts in swine feeding programs. The objectives of this study were to evaluate the effects of a partially de-oiled microalgae extract (MAE) in nursery pig diets on growth performance and health status. A total of 300 pigs (initial BW = 6.3 ± 2.1 kg) were used in a 42-d experiment. Treatments included a standard corn-soybean meal control diet, and diets containing 1, 5, 10, or 20% MAE replacing primarily corn. The ME content of MAE was calculated from the chemical composition, and diets were formulated to meet or exceed nutrient requirements for nursery pigs. Pigs were stratified by weaning BW into 12 blocks in a randomized complete block design, with sex distributed evenly among blocks. Pens of pigs (5 pigs/pen) were assigned randomly within block to one of five dietary treatments. Pig BW and feed disappearance were recorded weekly. On day 42, 30 pigs were harvested and sections of the jejunum and ileum were collected for gut morphology analysis, and a liver sample was collected for metabolomic analysis using liquid chromatography-mass spectroscopy. Data were analyzed by ANOVA with diet as treatment effect, and contrasts were used to test linear or quadratic effects of dietary MAE inclusion level. Overall, pigs fed 1% and 5% MAE had the greatest (quadratic P &lt; 0.05) ADG, resulting from greater (quadratic P &lt; 0.05) ADFI. There was a tendency for a greater number of pigs requiring injectable treatments (P = 0.16) and a greater mortality (P = 0.14) in pigs fed the control diet than pigs in any of the diets with the MAE. Final BW increased (P &lt; 0.05) for pigs fed 1% and 5% MAE diets. The improvements in ADG were not explained by differences in mucosa height or goblet cell count among dietary treatments. Pigs fed diets containing 1% or 5% MAE had relatively less concentration (P &lt; 0.05) of ammonia in the liver and had changes in metabolites associated with the urea cycle. In conclusion, feeding MAE resulted in increased growth responses and may have beneficial health effects when fed to nursery pigs.

scholarly journals Dietary Moutan Cortex Radicis Alters Serum Antioxidant Capacity, Intestinal Immunity and Colonic Microbiota in Weaned Piglets

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Miaomiao Bai ◽  
Hongnan Liu ◽  
Shanshan Wang ◽  
Qingyan Shu ◽  
Kang Xu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Capacity ◽  
Mrna Expression ◽  
Catalase Activity ◽  
Nuclear Factor Kappa B ◽  
Anaerobic Bacteria ◽  
Nuclear Factor ◽  
Weaned Piglets ◽  
Villus Height ◽  
Crypt Depth ◽  
Moutan Cortex

Abstract Background: Moutan cortex radicis (MCR), as a common traditional Chinese medicine, has been widely used as antipyretic, antiseptic and anti-inflammatory agent in China. However, few studies have evaluated the positive effects of MCR, as a new feed additives, on alleviating weaning stress and improving intestinal health and microbiom in pigs. This study aimed to investigate the effect of dietary MCR supplementation on serum antioxidant capacity, intestinal morphology, anti-inflammatory mechanism, and microbiota in weaned piglets.Results: Supplemental 2000 mg/kg and 4000 mg/kg MCR increased (P < 0.05) the final body weight, ADG and ADFI of weaned piglets, and 2000 mg/kg MCR diet significantly decreased (P < 0.05) the F/G ratio and increased (P < 0.05) serum catalase activity compared with CON group. Also, the villus height and crypt depth in the ileum and the concentrations of total SCFA, acetic acid, butyric acid and valeric acid in the colonic contents were higher (P < 0.05) in the 2000 mg/kg and 4000 mg/kg MCR diets than CON group. Dietary MCR supplementation at 4000 mg/kg MCR significantly increased (P < 0.05) total antioxidative capability and the crypt depth in the jejunum but decreased (P < 0.05) the mRNA expression levels of Interferon γ, tumor necrosis factor-α, interleukin-1β, inhibiting kappa B kinase β (IKKβ), inhibiting nuclear factor kappa-B (IκBα) and nuclear factor kappa-B (NF-κB) in the jejunum and ileum. Supplemental 8000 mg/kg MCR had the higher total antioxidative capability and catalase activity in the serum but decreased (P < 0.05) the villus height and crypt depth in the jejunum compared with the CON group. MCR addition reduced (P < 0.05) serum malondialdehyde content, and tended to increase the mRNA expression of zonula occludens-1 in the ileum (P = 0.066) compared to the CON group. Microbiota sequencing identified the microbial richness indices (Chao1, ACE, and observed species), the relative abundances of Firmicutes and Lactobacillus were increased (P < 0.05), and the relative abundances of Bacteroides, Parabacteroides, unidentified_Lachnospiraceae and Enterococcus were reduced (P < 0.05) by MCR supplemented. Microbial metabolic phenotypes analysis also showed that the richness of aerobic bacteria and facultative anaerobic bacteria, oxidative stress tolerance, and biofilm forming were significantly increased (P < 0.05), and the richness of anaerobic bacteria and pathogenic potential of gut microbiota were reduced (P < 0.05) by MCR treatment. Conclusions: In antibiotic-free diets, MCR supplementation improved growth performance and serum antioxidant capacity, alleviated intestinal inflammatory by inhibiting IKKβ/IκBα/NF-κB signaling pathway and affecting intestinal microbiota in weaned piglets.

scholarly journals 275 Feeding a whole-cell inactivated Pichia guilliermondi yeast to gestating and lactating sows in a commercial production system

2020 ◽  
Vol 98 (Supplement_3) ◽  
pp. 99-100
Author(s):  
Morgan T Thayer ◽  
Ricardo M Garcia ◽  
Alan W Duttlinger ◽  
Julie F Mahoney ◽  
Allan P Schinckel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Litter Size ◽  
Production System ◽  
Control Diet ◽  
Commercial Production ◽  
Animal Nutrition ◽  
Whole Cell ◽  
Lactating Sows ◽  
Yeast Product ◽  
Dietary Treatments

Abstract A total of 606 sows (PIC 1050) and their progeny (PIC 1050×280) were used to determine if feeding gestating and lactating sows a proprietary strain of Pichia guilliermondi as a whole-cell inactivated yeast product (WCY; CitriStim, ADM Animal Nutrition, Quincy, IL) improves sow and litter performance in a commercial production system. Once confirmed pregnant at d 35 post-breeding pregnancy check, sows were fed either a basal gestation control (CON) diet (0.55% SID Lysine) or the control diet fortified with 0.15% (1.36 kg/ton) of the WCY replacing corn in the CON diet. Dietary treatments were also fed in lactation (1.05% SID Lysine) once sows were moved into farrowing crates on approximately d 112 of gestation until weaning. Sows supplemented with WCY in gestation and lactation had a greater number of total born piglets by 0.45 pigs (P=0.040), born alive (P&lt; 0.04), heavier born alive litter weight (P&lt; 0.001), and greater post cross-foster litter size (P&lt; 0.001) compared to CON fed sows. Litter size at weaning was increased by 0.54 pigs when sows were fed WCY compared to CON (P&lt; 0.001). However, the average piglet weaning weights from CON fed sows were heavier by 0.35 kg compared to WCY (P&lt; 0.001). This increase in body weight of piglets from CON fed sows is partially explained by their 0.93 days longer lactation (P&lt; 0.001), and may also be due to the smaller litter size nursed throughout lactation. The percent of litters treated for scours decreased from 38.3% to 14.2% when sows were fed WCY (P&lt; 0.001). The distribution of birth weights by body weight range was not different (P=0.2461) between treatments. In conclusion, feeding gestating and lactating sows a proprietary strain of Pichia guilliermondi as a whole-cell inactivated yeast product increased the number of piglets born and number weaned as well as decreased the prevalence of scours during lactation.

scholarly journals PSXIII-10 Dietary Forsythia suspensa extract supplementation improves reproductive performance, antioxidant status and immune function in lactating sows and suckling piglets

2019 ◽  
Vol 97 (Supplement_3) ◽  
pp. 476-477
Author(s):  
Shenfei Long ◽  
Tengfei He ◽  
Di Wu ◽  
Xiangshu Piao
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Immune Function ◽  
Reproductive Performance ◽  
Antioxidant Status ◽  
Basal Diet ◽  
Villus Height ◽  
Forsythia Suspensa ◽  
Lactating Sows ◽  
Suckling Piglets ◽  
Mda Content

Abstract Lactating sows face various stresses, leading to poor reproductive performance and high mortality in piglets. Previous studies have demonstrated Forsythia suspensa extract (FSE) has antioxidant and antibacterial functions in broilers and piglets. However, rare researches focus on the effect of FSE in lactating sows. Therefore, this experiment was conducted to investigate dietary FSE supplementation on performance, antioxidant status and immunity in sows and piglets. 24 healthy Yorkshire × Landrace sows (average body weight of 234 ± 6.81 kg; average parity of 3.38 ± 0.61) were allotted into 2 dietary treatments with 12 sows per treatment based on parity, back fat thickness and body weight. Sows were fed a corn-soybean meal basal diet (CON), or a FSE diet (basal diet+100 mg/kg FSE) from d 107 of gestation until d 21 of lactation. Compared with CON, sows fed FSE showed decreased (P &lt; 0.05) estrus interval, body weight loss from farrowing to weaning, and increased (P &lt; 0.05) average daily gain from d 7 to 21 in piglet, as well as enhanced (P &lt; 0.05) lactose, fat and protein contents on d 14, and IgA level on d 7 in milk. These sows also had increased (P &lt; 0.05) T-AOC content, reduced (P &lt; 0.05) MDA content in placenta, and improved (P &lt; 0.05) serum T-AOC, GSH-Px and CAT contents at farrowing and weaning. Their piglets behaved higher (P &lt; 0.05) SOD content and lower (P &lt; 0.05) MDA content in serum on d 0, 7, 14, as well as increased (P &lt; 0.05) serum T-AOC and GSH-Px contents on d 21. These piglets also had higher villus height and villus height to crypt depth ratio in jejunum on d 21 compared with CON. In conclusion, dietary FSE supplementation improved performance, antioxidant status and immune function in lactating sows and suckling piglets.

scholarly journals Inclusion of the direct-fed microbial Clostridium butyricum in diets for weanling pigs increases growth performance and tends to increase villus height and crypt depth, but does not change intestinal microbial abundance

2019 ◽  
Vol 98 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Gloria A Casas ◽  
Laia Blavi ◽  
Tzu-Wen L Cross ◽  
Anne H Lee ◽  
Kelly S Swanson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Performance ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Control Diet ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Clostridium Butyricum ◽  
Weanling Pigs ◽  
Villus Height ◽  
Weaned Pigs ◽  
Crypt Depth

Abstract An experiment was conducted to test the hypothesis that inclusion of the direct fed microbial Clostridium butyricum in diets for weanling pigs will improve growth performance, systemic immune function, microbiota composition, and gut morphology in weaned pigs. A total of 275 newly weaned pigs (20 ± 2 d of age) with an average initial BW of 6.4 ± 0.8 kg were allotted to a randomized complete block design with 11 pens per treatment. Diets included a positive control diet containing Carbadox, a negative control diet without Carbadox, and three treatment diets in which 1,250 × 108 cfu/kg, 2,500 × 108 cfu/kg, or 3,500 × 108 cfu/kg of C. butyricum was added to the negative control diet. A two-phase feeding program was used (phase 1, 14 d; phase 2, 21 d). At the conclusion of the experiment (day 35), a blood sample was collected from one pig per pen (11 pigs per treatment) and this pig was then euthanized and digesta and tissues samples were collected. Results indicated that for the overall phase, pigs fed the positive control diet had greater (P &lt; 0.05) ADG and ADFI and tended (P = 0.064) to have greater final BW than pigs fed the negative control diet. The ADG and G:F increased and then decreased as increasing doses of C. butyricum were included in the diet (quadratic, P &lt; 0.05). The concentration of tumor necrosis factor-α was less (P &lt; 0.05) in pigs fed the positive control diet compared with pigs fed the negative control diet or diets containing C. butyricum. Crypt depth tended (P = 0.08) to be less in pigs fed the negative control diet compared with pigs fed the positive control diet and villus height tended to increase as the doses of C. butyricum increased in the diets (quadratic, P = 0.08). Villus height also tended (P = 0.084) to be greater in pigs fed diets containing C. butyricum compared with pigs fed the positive control diet. Crypt depth increased as the dose of C. butyricum increased (quadratic, P &lt; 0.05) and villus width at the bottom tended to increase (linear, P = 0.072) as the dose of C. butyricum increased in the diet. Alpha and beta diversity indices of ileal and colonic microbiota were not affected by diet. In conclusion, addition of 1,250 × 108 cfu/kg of C. butyricum, but not greater levels, to diets fed to weanling pigs increased growth performance and tended to increase villus height and crypt depth, but changes in the abundance of intestinal microbiota were not observed.

scholarly journals Montmorillonite combined organic acid or essential oil complex improves the intestinal health status of laying hens

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jifa Chen ◽  
Xiaofeng Geng ◽  
Ali Seif Ali
Keyword(s):  
Health Status ◽  
Essential Oil ◽  
Organic Acid ◽  
Laying Hens ◽  
Basal Diet ◽  
Expression Level ◽  
Intestinal Health ◽  
Villus Height ◽  
Crypt Depth ◽  
Laying Performance

Abstract Background: This study was conducted to evaluate the effects of montmorillonite combined organic acid (MOA) complex and montmorillonite combined essential oil (MEO) complex on the laying performance and intestinal barrier functions in laying hens. Methods: Two hundred and seventy 29-wk-old laying hens were randomly assigned to 3 treatments consisted of 6 replicates of 15 hens, receiving the following diets for 10 wks, respectively: 1) basal diet; 2) the basal diet added with 0.65 g/kg of MOA complex; 3) the basal diet added with 0.70 g/kg of MEO complex. Results: Dietary supplementation with both MOA and MEO complexes tended to increase (P = 0.094) the hens’ egg production and improved numerically (P > 0.05) the egg mass and feed conversion ratio during 6–10 weeks of the experiment. Dietary MOA and MEO complexes decreased (P < 0.05) the relative amount of Clostridium perfringens and the mRNA expression levels of myeloid differentiation factor 88 (MyD88) and interleukin‐1 beta (IL-1β) in the ileum while increased (P < 0.05) the activity of suctase and villus height-to-crypt depth ratio of the ileum. Besides, dietary inclusion of MEO complex increased (P < 0.05) the mRNA expression level of claudin-5 in the ileum. The MOA complex supplementation reduced (P < 0.05) the relative amount of Salmonella and nuclear factor kappa B P65 (NF-κB p65) mRNA expression level of the ileum but enhanced (P < 0.05) the alkaline phosphatase activity in the ileum and villus height-to-crypt depth ratio of the jejunum. Conclusions: Dietary both MOA and MEO complexes could improve the intestinal health status of laying hens, which may contribute to the partially increase in hens’ laying performance.

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