89 Relationships Among Measures of Efficiency with Body Weight, Frame Score, and Body Volume in Lactating Multiparous Crossbred Beef Cattle

2021 ◽  
Vol 99 (Supplement_3) ◽  
pp. 47-48
Author(s):  
Macie K Mosher ◽  
Samuel Olorunkoya ◽  
Nayan Bhowmik ◽  
Kris A Ringwall ◽  
Lauren L Hulsman Hanna ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Size ◽  
Negative Correlation ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Dry Matter Intake ◽  
Body Volume ◽  
Complex Relationship ◽  
Positive Correlation ◽  
Efficiency Measures ◽  
Partial Correlations ◽  
System Average

Abstract Sixty cows of varying frame scores (FS; 5.17 ± 1.38) were used to examine relationships between body size [BW, FS, and body volume (V)] and cow efficiency. Dry matter intake (DMI) and BW change were monitored over 64 days starting 1 month before bull turnout. Cows were fed a forage-based diet and DMI monitored using the Insentec system. Average BW (ABW; 662 ± 93.3 kg) was calculated by averaging 2-d beginning and end BW. Measurements (body length, hip height, hip width, and heart, mid, and flank girth) were collected at the beginning and end of the experiment and average V (628 ± 96.4 L) calculated. Calf BW was recorded at weaning (WW). Pearson partial correlations between body size characteristics and efficiency measures were determined using GLM (SAS) and the MANOVA/PRINTE statement. There was positive correlation (P < 0.001; r = 0.84, 0.74, 0.81) between DMI (kg) and ABW, FS, and V. There was a tendency for negative correlation (P = 0.08, 0.09; r = -0.24, -0.23) between DMI (% of BW) and ABW and V. There was positive correlation (P ≤ 0.05; r = 0.33, 0.28, 0.26) between WW (kg) and negative correlation (P < 0.001; r = -0.63, -0.57, -0.65) between WW (% of ABW) and ABW, FS, and V. There was positive correlation (P = 0.04; r = 0.26) between calf ADG and ABW, and a tendency for positive correlation (P = 0.09; r = 0.23) between calf ADG to weaning and FS. The observed correlations suggest that larger cows consume more kg of feed and wean heavier calves with greater ADG to weaning, whereas smaller cows tend to consume more feed as a percentage of BW and wean a greater percentage of cow BW. Further research is needed on the complex relationship between cow size and efficiency.

Relationship Between Gas Emissions and Dry Matter Intake in Mature Angus Cows

2021 ◽  
Vol 99 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. 32-33
Author(s):  
Amanda Holder ◽  
Megan A Gross ◽  
Alexi Moehlenpah ◽  
Paul Beck
Keyword(s):  
Dry Matter ◽  
Significant Positive Correlation ◽  
Crossover Design ◽  
Dry Matter Intake ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Gas Emissions ◽  
Positive Correlation ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Co2 ◽  
Second Period

Abstract The objective of this study was to examine the effects of diet quality on greenhouse gas emissions and dry matter intake (DMI). We used 42 mature, gestating Angus cows (600±69 kg; and BSC 5.3±1.1) with a wide range in DMI EPD (-1.36 to 2.29). Cows were randomly assigned to 2 diet sequences forage-concentrate (FC) or concentrate-forage(CF) determined by the diet they consumed in each period (forage or concentrate). The cows were adapted to the diet and the SmartFeed individual intake units for 14 d followed by 45 d of intake data collection for each period. Body weight was recorded on consecutive weigh days at the beginning and end of each period and then once every two wk for the duration of a period. Cows were exposed to the GreenFeed Emission Monitoring (GEM) system for no less than 9 d during each period. The GEM system was used to measure emissions of carbon dioxide (CO2) and methane (CH4). Only cows with a minimum of 20 total >3-m visits to the GEM were included in the data set. Data were analyzed in a crossover design using GLIMMIX in SASv.9.4. Within the CF sequence there was a significant, positive correlation between TMR DMI and CH4 (r=0.81) and TMR DMI and CO2 (r=0.69), however, gas emissions during the second period on the hay diet were not correlated with hay intake. There was a significant, positive correlation between hay DMI and CO2 (r=0.76) and hay DMI and CH4 (r=0.74) when cows first consumed forage (FC). In comparison to the CF sequence, cows on the FC sequence showed a positive correlation between CO2 and TMR DMI during the second period. There was also a significant positive correlation between hay and TMR DMI when assessed across (r=0.43) or within sequence (FC r=0.41, CF r=0.47).

Phylogeny and relations among abundance, geographical range and body size of British breeding birds

1995 ◽  
Vol 349 (1330) ◽  
pp. 345-351 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Body Size ◽  
Negative Correlation ◽  
Breeding Birds ◽  
Geographical Range ◽  
Published Data ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Phylogenetic Relatedness ◽  
Bird Assemblages ◽  
Positive Correlation ◽  
Weak Influence

Links between bird phylogeny and abundance, geographical range and body size relations were examined with use of a newly published data set on the numbers and distribution of British breeding birds. There was a negative correlation between abundance (and geographical range) and body size across species, but no significant correlations within non-passerine and passerine taxa considered separately. Abundance correlated positively with geographical range across species and within non-passerines and passerines. Three measures of phylogenetic relatedness of bird tribes were considered, termed ‘rootedness’, ‘date of origin’ and ‘radiation d ate’. The date at which a tribe originated (measured as rootedness or date of origin) had a consistent but weak influence on the form of the relation between abundance and body size. Phylogeny was not implicated in the relation between geographical range and body size. Phylogenetically isolated tribes were more likely to show a positive correlation between abundance and body size than more recently evolved tribes. Results are discussed in the context of previous studies of both regional and local bird assemblages and the hypotheses suggested to explain associations with phylogeny.

scholarly journals Measurement and Determinants of Financial Performance of Modaraba Companies: A Case Study of Pakistan

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 435-457
Author(s):  
Qaisar Maqbool Khan ◽  
Rehana Kouser
Keyword(s):  
Financial Performance ◽  
Negative Correlation ◽  
Empirical Relationship ◽  
Scale Efficiency ◽  
Net Income ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Positive Correlation ◽  
Efficiency Measures ◽  
Performance Drivers ◽  
Relationship Of

Purpose: Profitability measurement is a comparative statistic that describes the relationships between overall profit and other financial determinants of the firm. Design/Methodology/Approach: The focus of this study is to measure the technical (TE), pure technical (PTE) and scale efficiency (SE) scores via Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) of modaraba companies operating in Pakistan. The next stage is to study the empirical relationship between profitability, liquidity, leverage, and macroeconomic performance drivers. Financial statement data for 2010 to 2019 have been analyzed. Findings: Empirical findings of descriptive statistics, correlation and regression were measured. These empirical results reveal that capital ratio (CR) and operating expenses to net income (OENI) had negative correlation with PTE, SE and TE. Whereas the age of the firm had a negative correlation with PTE and TE and positive correlation with SE, moreover, exchange rate (EXC) PKR to USD, log of total assets (LTA) and management expenses (ME) had negative correlation with SE and positive correlation with PTE and TE. Furthermore, inflation (INF) had negative correlation with PTE and positive correlation with SE and TE. Moreover, number of certificates (NOC) had negative correlation with SE and TE and positive correlation with PTE. Implications/Originality/Value: Findings will be helpful to the management and policy makers for enhancing future financial performance by concentrating on these economic factors. More detailed and extensive data from the financial and non-financial aspects is suggested to support the hypothesized relationship of efficiency measures and determinants.

scholarly journals Correlation between protein to fat ratio of milk and chemical parameters and the yield of semi-hard cheese

2013 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 145-159
Author(s):  
M. Bojanic-Rasovic ◽  
N. Nikolic ◽  
A. Martinovic ◽  
V. Katic ◽  
R. Rasovic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Moisture Content ◽  
Negative Correlation ◽  
Milk Fat ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Product Yield ◽  
Fat Content ◽  
Positive Correlation ◽  
Actual Yield ◽  
Hard Cheese

In order to obtain good cheese quality, the milk has to possess good physical-chemical properties and should originate from healthy cows. Since milk fat and milk protein are the main constituents of cheese, their proportion in milk is of particular importance for the product yield and quality. This paper describes studies on the protein to fat ratio of milk and the consequent influence on the chemical composition and yield of semi-hard cheese, commercially called "Montenegrin naturally dried cheese". The tests were conducted on six bulk milk samples and six cheese samples. The milk parameters were analysed by the Milkoscan 400 unit whereas chemical analysis of cheese and whey were carried out with the Milkoscan FT 120 device. The average composition of the cheeses was: 29.27% fat, 21.90% protein, 55.27% total dry matter and 0.78% sodium chloride. The mean value for the content of dry matter without fat was 26%, whereas the fat content of the cheese dry matter was 53.18%, the moisture content in cheese 44.73% and moisture content in fat-free matter 63.24%. There was a medium positive correlation between the ratio of fat to protein in milk and fat content in cheese (r = 0.60309), the ratio of fat to protein in milk and dry matter of cheese (r = 0.57103), weak positive correlation between the ratio of fat to protein in milk and cheese protein (r = 0.48067) and medium negative correlation between the ratio of fat to protein in milk and moisture content in cheese (r = -0.57103). Medium negative correlation was found between the ratio of protein to fat in milk and content of cheese fat (r = -0.56416), the ratio of protein to fat in milk and cheese protein content (r = -0.51899), the ratio of protein to fat in milk and dry matter of cheese (r = -0.53118) and medium positive correlation between the ratio of protein to fat in milk and moisture content in cheese (r = -0.53118). Ratio fat to protein in milk and the actual yield of cheese was determined as medium positive (r = 0.66459) and the ratio protein to fat in milk and the actual yield of cheese as medium negative correlation (r = -0.67807). The protein to fat ratio in milk influences the decline of fat, protein, dry matter and yield of cheese and increase moisture content in cheese.

scholarly journals Effect of canopy relative humidity on growth and yield of pigeonpea + kalmegh intercropping system

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 442-445
Author(s):  
J. P. Bholane ◽  
V. M. Bhale
Keyword(s):  
Relative Humidity ◽  
Field Experiment ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Seed Yield ◽  
Negative Correlation ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
System Effect ◽  
Positive Correlation ◽  
Herbage Yield

A field experiment was conducted at Nagarjun Medicinal Garden, Dr. Panjabrao Deshmukh Krishi Vidyapeeth, Akola during 2009-10 to determine suitable row proportion for pigeonpea + kalmegh intercropping system. Effect of weather parameter such as canopy relative humidity on growth and yield of pigeonpea and kalmegh was studied. Further, canopy relative humidity showed decreasing pattern with the advancement in age of the crop. In pigeonpea maximum morning canopy relative humidity was observed with 2:1 row proportions, however evening canopy relative humidity was maximum with 2:2 row proportion. Dry matter and grain yield of pigeonpea showed positive and negative correlation with morning and evening canopy relative humidity, respectively. While herbage yield, seed yield and andrographoloide yield of kalmegh reported negative and positive correlation with morning and evening canopy relative humidity, respectively.

scholarly journals Studies on impact of canopy temperature on growth and yield of pigeonpea + kalmegh intercropping system

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (AAEBSSD) ◽  
pp. 155-158
Author(s):  
J.P. Bholane ◽  
Kavita D. Rajput ◽  
V. M. Bhale
Keyword(s):  
Field Experiment ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Seed Yield ◽  
Negative Correlation ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Canopy Temperature ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Positive Correlation ◽  
Herbage Yield ◽  
Use Efficiency

A field experiment was conducted at Nagarjun Medicinal Garden, Dr. Panjabrao Deshmukh Krishi Vidyapeeth, Akola during 2009-10 to determine suitable row proportion for pigeonpea + kalmegh intercropping system. Canopy temperature showed decreasing pattern with the advancement in age of the crop. Maximum thermal use efficiency (TUE) in pigeonpea and kalmegh was noticed with 2:1 (3.43 kg/ha/DºC) and 1:1 (0.72 kg/ha/DºC) row proportion. Dry matter and grain yield of pigeonpea recorded positive and negative correlation respectively with canopy temperature. While, herbage yield, seed yield and andrographoloide yield of kalmegh recorded positive correlation with morning canopy temperature and negative correlation with evening canopy temperature.

ACCEPTABILITY AND UTILIZATION OF GRADED LEVELS OF GMELINA ARBOREA AND CASSAVA PEELS CONCENTRATES IN WEST AFRICAN DWARF SHEEP

2015 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 415-422
Author(s):  
Amoka Pius ◽  
Tawose O M
Keyword(s):  
Dry Matter ◽  
Nutritive Value ◽  
Control Diet ◽  
Nutrient Digestibility ◽  
Dry Matter Intake ◽  
Gmelina Arborea ◽  
Leaf Meal ◽  
Dry Matter Digestibility ◽  
Inclusion Level ◽  
Cassava Peels

The nutritive value ,voluntary dry matter intake, and the nutrient digestibility of graded levels of Gmelina arborea and cassava peels concentrates in WAD sheep was investigated. Twelve WAD sheep aged 1-2 years old and weighting 14.00± 0.45 kg were used in a complete randomized design. Diets were formulated such that cassava peels was replaced with Gmelina arborea leaf meal at 0, 33.33, 66.67, 100% levels, designated as diets A, B, C, and D respectively. Diet without Gmelina arborea leaf meal was tagged the control diet. The concentrate feed was compounded to contain 16% CP. Diets with 33.33% inclusion level of Gmelina arborea had significantly (P<0.05) higher dry matter intake (DMI) 598.80g day-1, while the lowest DMI 425.00g day-1 was obtained in animals fed 100% inclusion level of Gmelina arborea. Crude protein intake (CPI) of animals fed diets with 33.33% inclusion levels of Gmelina arborea were significantly (P<0.05) highest, followed by 66.67% inclusion level and the least was observed in 0% inclusion level of Gmelina arborea. Dry matter digestibility (DMD) was significantly (P<0.05) different across the dietary treatments, animals placed on diets with 33.33% inclusion level had the highest DMD, followed by animals on diets with 66.67, 100 and 0% inclusion levels. CP digestibility (P<0.05) increased from 33.33% to 100% inclusion levels of Gmelina arborea leaf meal, the lowest CP digestibility was observed at 0% inclusion level. CF digestibility (P<0.05) increased from 33.33% to 100% inclusion levels of Gmelina arborea leaf meal, while the lowest CF digestibility was observed at 0% inclusion level. N intake increased significantly (P<0.05) with increase in the level of Gmelina arborea inclusion from 33.33% to 100%. N retention was significantly (P<0.05) different, diets with 33.33% Gmelina arborea inclusion had the highest value (64.36g day-1) followed by 66.67%, 100% and the least (52.64g day-1) was at 0% inclusion level of Gmelina arborea.  N balance values also followed the same trend. From the results of this study, it can be concluded that the inclusion of Gmelina arborea leaf meal in WAD rams diet was well tolerated without adverse effect on acceptability, intake and nutrient digestibility, and inclusion level of 33.33% is hereby recommended in ruminants diet for optimum performance and productivity.

Correlation of Phraseological Semantic Fields in Russian Study of Aphorisms

2020 ◽  
pp. 60-71
Author(s):  
Anshelika Korolkova
Keyword(s):  
Negative Correlation ◽  
Semantic Field ◽  
Positive Correlation ◽  
Classical Study ◽  
Semantic Fields ◽  
Zero Correlation ◽  
Russian Study

The article deals with the interconnection and interdependence of phraseological semantic fields of Russian study of aphorisms in synchronic and in diachronic approaches. The correlation of phraseological semantic fields of Russian study of aphorisms is considered as their interdependence due to various factors (linguistic and extra-linguistic ones). The correlation of the phraseological semantic fields of Russian study of aphorisms is manifested in the existence of many antinomies. The natural linguistic antinomies of life / death / immortality or war / peace, or good / evil, or friend / enemy, or villainy / nobility are reflected in Russian aphorisms and have entered the corresponding phraseological semantic fields. The corpus of Russian study of aphorisms containsnot only antinomic aphorisms, but also antinomic relations that extend to the level of language and speech. Therefore, in Russian study of aphorisms there are phraseological semantic fields that implement these antinomies. In addition to the antinomic phraseological semantic fields in the corpus of classical Russian study of aphorisms there are other types of correlations. The keywords (concepts) of many phraseological semantic fields are closely thematically connected. When the number of units from one field is changed, the number of units in another phraseological semantic field also changes. Most phraseological semantic fields of Russian study of aphorisms do not show a zero correlation in either synchronic or diachronic approaches. This is due to, first of all, the universality of the aphoristic theme, with all the ideological and thematic uniqueness of the sayings used by Russian writers. However, a few phraseological and semantic fields of aphorisms by Russian writers may show a negative correlation, which is due to the diversity of the thematic groups that comprise them. A positive correlation of phraseological semantic fields, the most significant in the number of their constituent components, shows deep internal linguistic systemic connections in Russian classical study of aphorisms.

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