scholarly journals 226 Integrated Pork Production During a Global Pandemic: Impact on the Live Production Supply Chain, Feed Mills, & Nutrition

2021 ◽  
Vol 99 (Supplement_3) ◽  
pp. 117-117
Author(s):  
Chris Parks ◽  
Tommy Shipp ◽  
Marlin Hoogland ◽  
Alejandro Cordova
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Growth Rate ◽  
Supply Chain ◽  
Supply Chain Disruptions ◽  
Safety Issues ◽  
Pork Industry ◽  
Global Pandemic ◽  
Nutrient Manipulation ◽  
Labor Safety ◽  
The U.S

Abstract The global COVID-19 pandemic of 2020/2021 resulted in widespread impacts on the production & processing of animal proteins. Specifically, the U.S. pork industry was hit with multiple, long-term plant closures and slow-downs due to labor safety issues and availability, resulting in a backlog reaction felt throughout the live production supply-chain. Impact and timing differed by region and required variable strategies to address them. While some plants in the Western United States weren’t impacted until the latter stages of the pandemic and thus were attempting to add valuable liveweight, other regions, including the Midwest and Southeastern United States were experiencing moderate to severe reductions in processing capacity that created an accumulation of heavy animals and placed additional feed and ingredient demands on the feed mills. The backlog also reduced available space & disrupted the normal barn fill/empty cycles. While there was no way to prepare for these impacts, university & industry groups attempted to fill the knowledge gap with management and nutritional tools to address the issues of excess inventory, decreasing feed capacity, and supply-chain disruptions. Numerous approaches were employed, including altered grading strategies, sow breeding target reductions, double/triple stocking situations, and feed, ingredient, and nutrient manipulation meant to slow down growth rate and feed intake. Nutritional strategies included the feeding of low energy ingredients as well as low protein/high methionine diets designed to reduce the growth rate of both heavy and light animals. While several of these strategies resulted in moderate success, some resulted in additional issues including stress-related vices, ulcers, increased mortality, and sub-optimal carcass characteristics. Ultimately, continuous planning, coordination, and communication between the plants, feed mills, nutritionists, and production groups enabled a return to normalcy, and while we hope to never experience a pandemic again, we are left with knowledge that will improve the resilience of the U.S. pork industry.

scholarly journals Planetarium commute accessibility in the United States of America

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexander A. Kaurov ◽  
Vyacheslav Bazhenov ◽  
Mark SubbaRao
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
United States Of America ◽  
Science Communication ◽  
The United States ◽  
Census Bureau ◽  
Global Pandemic ◽  
Commute Time ◽  
Pandemic Response ◽  
Zip Code ◽  
The U.S

The COVID-19 global pandemic unprecedently disturbed the education system in the United States and lead to the closure of all planetariums that were providing immersive science communication. This situation motivates us to examine how accessible the planetarium facilities were before the pandemic. We investigate the most important socioeconomic and geographical factors that affect the planetarium accessibility using the U.S. Census Bureau data and the commute time to the nearest planetarium for each ZIP Code Tabulated Area. We show the magnitude of the effect of permanent closure of a fraction of planetariums. Our study can be informative for strategizing the pandemic response.

scholarly journals Cancer in the Time of Coronavirus: A Call for Crisis Oncology Standards of Care

Healthcare ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 214
Author(s):  
Amar H. Kelkar ◽  
Christopher R. Cogle
Keyword(s):  
Supply Chain ◽  
Cancer Patient ◽  
Standards Of Care ◽  
Supply Chain Disruptions ◽  
Cancer Centers ◽  
Scarce Resources ◽  
Patients With Cancer ◽  
Global Pandemic ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Scarcity Of Resources

Since the Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) was identified as a global pandemic, health systems have been severely strained, particularly affecting vulnerable populations such as patients with cancer. In response to the COVID-19 pandemic, a variety of oncology specialty societies are making recommendations for standards of care. These diverse standards and gaps in standards can lead to inconsistent and heterogeneous care among governments, cancer centers, and even among oncologists within the same practice. These challenges highlight the need for a common nomenclature and crisis guidelines. For times of increased scarcity of resources, the National Academy of Medicine developed Crisis Standards of Care, defined as fairness, duty to care, duty to steward resources, transparency, consistency, proportionality, and accountability. However, we believe there is an urgent need to develop cancer-specific guidelines by convening a panel of experts from multiple specialties. These would be Crisis Oncology Standards of Care (COSCs) that are sensitive to both the individual cancer patient and to the broader health system in times of scarce resources, such as pandemic, natural disaster, or supply chain disruptions.

The United States’ Response to COVID-19: Learning through Reflection

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nouraldeen Ibrahim ◽  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
The United States ◽  
United States Government ◽  
Humanitarian Crisis ◽  
Death Toll ◽  
Global Pandemic ◽  
The World ◽  
States Government ◽  
The U.S

When analyzing the global humanitarian crisis known as the SARS-CoV-2 virus (which causes the disease COVID-19), it is important to analyze the response of the United States so it is possible to learn from any mistakes. Since a global pandemic was completely unprecedented to the United States government, it did not have a concrete plan or solution prepared to deal with the outbreak. COVID-19 exposed the flaws in the United State's ability to deal with pandemics which, consequently, has now led to the U.S. to have the highest death toll in the world.

Energy in the 1980s - The world energy outlook to the mid-1980s: the effect of an alternative supply path in the United States

1974 ◽  
Vol 276 (1261) ◽  
pp. 413-430 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Growth Rate ◽  
Energy Consumption ◽  
World Wide ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
The United States ◽  
Total Energy Consumption ◽  
World Energy ◽  
World Energy Consumption ◽  
The U.S

A brief review and interpretation of regional and world-wide trends in total energy consumption and its composition since the end of World War II is given. A review of energy-consumption projections into the 1980s — world-wide and regional — focuses on the role of international trade in oil in achieving supply—demand balances. The prospective position of the U.S. as a major oil importer is emphasized. An analysis of the sensitivity of world supply prospects to alternative assumptions concerning the growth of indigenous sources of supply in the United States of America and Western Europe is presented. The post-war growth rate in world energy consumption averaged out to over 5% per annum. Marked shifts in regional shares and variations in regional growth rates have occurred, but regional differences in the level of per capita energy use, while narrowing, remain conspicuously wide. The sharp relative decline of coal during this period was accompanied by a dramatic relative increase in both oil and gas. The rapid growth of world energy consumption as a whole, the continued shift toward oil and the rising volume of U.S. oil imports all failed to be adequately anticipated in past energy projections. A standard projection to the mid-1980s shows: world-wide energy growth of between 5-J- and 6% ; an even faster growth rate for oil, resulting in about 115x10® barrels (18.3 x 10® m3)/day in 1985 (compared to 53 x 102 b (8.4 x 104 m3)/d in 1972); and the addition of the U.S. to the ranks of the major oil importers. The Middle East, along with areas of lesser reserve holdings, is in all likelihood physically capable of accommodating expected oil demand to the mid-1980s. But the acute degree of dependence that this would pose for major consuming regions prompts the question of how a greatly expanded indigenous producing capability in the U.S. could blunt the one-sidedness of the demand-supply picture. Recently completed research suggests that, within an appropriate policy setting, the U.S. could probably meet all but 20% of its oil and gas internally by 1985 - and do so at real prices no higher than the $6/barrel ($38/m3>) delivered price rapidly being approached by Persian Gulf crude. Such a development, along with whatever contribution can be made by Western Europe’s own petroleum-producing capability, can perhaps introduce a stabilizing element of major importance into world energy flows.

scholarly journals A Continuum Deformation Approach for Growth Analysis of COVID-19 in the United States

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sadra Hemmati ◽  
Hossein Rastgoftar
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Growth Rate ◽  
Circle Method ◽  
Growth Dynamics ◽  
The United States ◽  
Vaccination Rate ◽  
State Of Emergency ◽  
Global Pandemic ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Continuum Deformation

AbstractThe COVID-19 global pandemic has significantly impacted every aspect of life all over the world. The United States is reported to have suffered more than 20% of the global casualties from this pandemic. It is imperative to investigate the growth dynamics of the disease in the US based on varying geographical and governmental factors that best manifest itself in each State of the Country. This paper utilizes a hybrid machine learning and continuum deformation-based approach for analyzing the stability and growth rate of the pandemic. To this end, principal stress values of the pandemic continuum body are obtained using Mohr’s Circle method and overlapping, moving windows of data are analysed successively. This helps in finding the correlations between the growth rate and Governments’ action/Public’s reaction. Government actions include “state of emergency”, “shelter at place”, and “phase declarations”. We also consider the vaccination rate milestones, which shows us the coordinated Governments’ action/Public’s reaction. Finally, a number of recommendations are made to the Governments and people for better management of future pandemics.

scholarly journals Residents’ Attitudes Toward Street Trees in the UK and U.S. Communities

2006 ◽  
Vol 32 (5) ◽  
pp. 236-246
Author(s):  
Herbert Schroeder ◽  
John Flannigan ◽  
Richard Coles
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Growth Rate ◽  
United Kingdom ◽  
The United States ◽  
Community Characteristics ◽  
Street Trees ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
The Uk ◽  
Residents Attitudes ◽  
The U.S

Research on residents’ attitudes has shown that street trees are highly valued elements of the urban environment and that their benefits far outweigh their annoyances. Much of this research was done in communities in the United States, and it is uncertain whether the findings can be generalized to other communities or countries. We compared residents’ opinions of street trees, perceptions of the benefits and annoyances trees provide, and preferences for tree size, shape, and growth rate between three communities in the United States and the United Kingdom. Overall, opinions of nearby street trees were positive and did not differ between the two UK communities and the U.S. community. Respondents in the UK communities rated annoyances as more serious, shade as less of a benefit, and physical benefits as more significant than did the residents of the U.S. community. Respondents in the two UK communities also preferred smaller trees with slower growth rates. Although these comparisons cannot be used to make inferences about differences between the entire United Kingdom and United States, they do suggest some specific ways in which community characteristics such as climate and proximity of trees to houses may contribute to variation in attitudes toward trees.

scholarly journals Trends in the transportation of goods in the U.S.

2002 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 1-14
Author(s):  
James S Keebler
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Supply Chain ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
The United States ◽  
Digital Economy ◽  
Supply Chain Integration ◽  
Third Party ◽  
Third Party Logistics ◽  
Recent Trends ◽  
The U.S

This article describes the development and growth of various modes of transportation in the United States and recent trends in the length, size and value of domestic shipments. Changes in the transportation of goods in the United States are being driven largely by four factors—the shift toward a digital economy, the growth of third-party logistics providers, globalism, and the application of new technologies. Finally, this paper looks at emerging forms of supply chain integration and operation.

Messprobleme bei der Ermittlung des Wachstums der Arbeitsproduktivität - dargestellt anhand eines Vergleichs der Schweiz mit den USA / Measurement Problems with Respect to Labour Productivity Growth - Illustrated by a Comparison of Switzerland with the United States

2006 ◽  
Vol 226 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jochen Hartwig
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Growth Rate ◽  
Productivity Growth ◽  
Labour Productivity ◽  
Value Added ◽  
The United States ◽  
European Countries ◽  
Wide Margin ◽  
Labour Productivity Growth ◽  
The U.S

SummaryThe paper shows that the assessment of the speed of productivity growth crucially depends on how one chooses to measure value added. According to a widely held view, the growth rate of labour productivity has increased significantly in the U.S. since the mid-90s. The U.S. is perceived to outperform most European countries in this respect by a wide margin. Comparing the U.S. with Switzerland, we show this view to rely - at least in part - on statistical artefacts.

An American Language

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rosina Lozano
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
National Policy ◽  
The United States ◽  
Spanish Language ◽  
Spanish Speakers ◽  
Language Recognition ◽  
Political Language ◽  
Political Issue ◽  
History Of ◽  
The U.S

An American Language is a political history of the Spanish language in the United States. The nation has always been multilingual and the Spanish language in particular has remained as an important political issue into the present. After the U.S.-Mexican War, the Spanish language became a language of politics as Spanish speakers in the U.S. Southwest used it to build territorial and state governments. In the twentieth century, Spanish became a political language where speakers and those opposed to its use clashed over what Spanish's presence in the United States meant. This book recovers this story by using evidence that includes Spanish language newspapers, letters, state and territorial session laws, and federal archives to profile the struggle and resilience of Spanish speakers who advocated for their language rights as U.S. citizens. Comparing Spanish as a language of politics and as a political language across the Southwest and noncontiguous territories provides an opportunity to measure shifts in allegiance to the nation and exposes differing forms of nationalism. Language concessions and continued use of Spanish is a measure of power. Official language recognition by federal or state officials validates Spanish speakers' claims to US citizenship. The long history of policies relating to language in the United States provides a way to measure how U.S. visions of itself have shifted due to continuous migration from Latin America. Spanish-speaking U.S. citizens are crucial arbiters of Spanish language politics and their successes have broader implications on national policy and our understanding of Americans.

Palestine Unbound

2018 ◽  
Vol 47 (3) ◽  
pp. 130-134
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Human Rights ◽  
Task Force ◽  
The United States ◽  
Donald Trump ◽  
Tel Aviv ◽  
The Us ◽  
Intention To Move ◽  
Arab Israeli Conflict ◽  
The U.S

This section, updated regularly on the blog Palestine Square, covers popular conversations related to the Palestinians and the Arab-Israeli conflict during the quarter 16 November 2017 to 15 February 2018: #JerusalemIstheCapitalofPalestine went viral after U.S. president Donald Trump recognized Jerusalem as the capital of Israel and announced his intention to move the U.S. embassy there from Tel Aviv. The arrest of Palestinian teenager Ahed Tamimi for slapping an Israeli soldier also prompted a viral campaign under the hashtag #FreeAhed. A smaller campaign protested the exclusion of Palestinian human rights from the agenda of the annual Creating Change conference organized by the US-based National LGBTQ Task Force in Washington. And, UNRWA publicized its emergency funding appeal, following the decision of the United States to slash funding to the organization, with the hashtag #DignityIsPriceless.

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