scholarly journals 59 The Genetic Basis of Natural Antibody Titers and Relationships with Disease Resilience in Pigs

2019 ◽  
Vol 97 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. 35-36
Author(s):  
Yulu Chen ◽  
Laura Laura ◽  
Carolyn Ashley ◽  
Austin M Putz ◽  
Kyu-Sang Lim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Correlations ◽  
Bayesian Variable Selection ◽  
Natural Antibody ◽  
Breeding Populations ◽  
Single Marker ◽  
Antibody Titers ◽  
Polymicrobial Disease ◽  
Genomic Regions ◽  
Indicator Trait ◽  
Pathogen Exposure

Abstract Disease resilience is the ability of an animal to maintain performance under pathogen exposure but is difficult to select for because breeding populations are raised in biosecure, high-health facilities. Selection for resilience requires an indicator trait that is easy to measure on healthy young animals, heritable, and genetically correlated with resilience. Our objective was to investigate circulating Natural Antibody (NAb) levels as potential indicators for disease resilience in pigs. Data were from a natural polymicrobial disease challenge, in which batches of 60–75 weaned LWxLR barrows were sourced every three weeks (28 batches, 1799 pigs) from healthy multipliers. NAb and total IgG were evaluated by indirect ELISA in blood samples collected around 35 d of age. Disease resilience data were collected until pigs reached market age. All pigs were genotyped on a 650k panel. Genetic parameters were estimated by univariate and bivariate analyses in ASReml4. Single-marker and Bayesian variable selection methods were used for GWAS. Heritability estimates were lower for IgG NAb (0.03–0.22) than for IgM NAb (0.24–0.42) but maternal effects were larger for IgG (0.49–0.58) than for IgM (0.04–0.12). Phenotypically, IgM titers correlated with each other (0.26–0.71), as did IgG titers (0.40–0.81), but correlations between IgM and IgG were low (0.00–0.13). Genetic correlations showed similar patterns, ranging from 0.44–0.99, 0.45–0.84, and -0.30–0.25 for IgG, IgM, and IgG/IgM, respectively. Genetically, higher levels of NAb tended to be associated with fewer treatments, lower mortality, higher finishing ADG, and lower day-to-day fluctuations in feed intake but SE were large. Phenotypically, pigs that reached market age had significantly higher levels of IgG NAb than pigs that died. GWAS identified several genomic regions for NAb levels. In conclusion, levels of circulating NAb in healthy young piglets are potential indicators of polymicrobial disease resilience. Funded by Genome Canada and Alberta, and by USDA-NIFA.

scholarly journals The genetic basis of natural antibody titers of young healthy pigs and relationships with disease resilience

BMC Genomics ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yulu Chen ◽  
◽  
Laura E. Tibbs Cortes ◽  
Carolyn Ashley ◽  
Austin M. Putz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Correlations ◽  
Parenteral Antibiotic ◽  
Association Analyses ◽  
Breeding Populations ◽  
Young Pigs ◽  
Genome Wide ◽  
Antibody Titers ◽  
Polymicrobial Disease ◽  
Genomic Regions ◽  
Indicator Traits

Abstract Background Disease resilience is the ability to maintain performance under pathogen exposure but is difficult to select for because breeding populations are raised under high health. Selection for resilience requires a trait that is heritable, easy to measure on healthy animals, and genetically correlated with resilience. Natural antibodies (NAb) are important parts of the innate immune system and are found to be heritable and associated with disease susceptibility in dairy cattle and poultry. Our objective was to investigate NAb and total IgG in blood of healthy, young pigs as potential indicator traits for disease resilience. Results Data were from Yorkshire x Landrace pigs, with IgG and IgM NAb (four antigens) and total IgG measured by ELISA in blood plasma collected ~ 1 week after weaning, prior to their exposure to a natural polymicrobial challenge. Heritability estimates were lower for IgG NAb (0.12 to 0.24, + 0.05) and for total IgG (0.19 + 0.05) than for IgM NAb (0.33 to 0.53, + 0.07) but maternal effects were larger for IgG NAb (0.41 to 0.52, + 0.03) and for total IgG (0.19 + 0.05) than for IgM NAb (0.00 to 0.10, + 0.04). Phenotypically, IgM NAb titers were moderately correlated with each other (average 0.60), as were IgG NAb titers (average 0.42), but correlations between IgM and IgG NAb titers were weak (average 0.09). Phenotypic correlations of total IgG were moderate with NAb IgG (average 0.46) but weak with NAb IgM (average 0.01). Estimates of genetic correlations among NAb showed similar patterns but with small SE, with estimates averaging 0.76 among IgG NAb, 0.63 among IgM NAb, 0.17 between IgG and IgM NAb, 0.64 between total IgG and IgG NAb, and 0.13 between total IgG and IgM NAb. Phenotypically, pigs that survived had slightly higher levels of NAb and total IgG than pigs that died. Genetically, higher levels of NAb tended to be associated with greater disease resilience based on lower mortality and fewer parenteral antibiotic treatments. Genome-wide association analyses for NAb titers identified several genomic regions, with several candidate genes for immune response. Conclusions Levels of NAb in blood of healthy young piglets are heritable and potential genetic indicators of resilience to polymicrobial disease.

129 Genomic Relationship Between PRRSV Wild-type Infection and PRRSV Vaccination for Antibody Response and Reproductive Performance

2021 ◽  
Vol 99 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 18-18
Author(s):  
Leticia P Sanglard ◽  
Felipe Hickmann ◽  
Yijian Huang ◽  
Kent A Gray ◽  
Daniel Linhares ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antibody Response ◽  
Reproductive Performance ◽  
Genetic Correlations ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Respiratory Syndrome Virus ◽  
Wild Type ◽  
Large White ◽  
Selection For ◽  
Indicator Trait ◽  
Type Infection

Abstract Immunoglobulin G antibody response, measured as sample-to-positive (S/P) ratio, to Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome virus (PRRSV) has been proposed as an indicator trait for improved reproductive performance in PRRSV-infected purebred sows and PRRSV-vaccinated crossbred gilts. In this study, we investigated the genetic correlations (rg) of S/P ratio following a PRRSV outbreak and PRRSV-vaccination with performance in non-exposed and PRRSV-exposed sows. PRRSV outbreak phase was defined based on previously described methodologies after the detection of typical clinical signs of PRRSV infection. 541 Landrace sows had S/P ratio measured at ~54 days after the beginning of the PRRSV outbreak (S/Poutbreak), and 906 Landrace x Large White naïve F1 gilts had S/P ratio measured at ~50 days after vaccination with a commercial modified live PRRSV vaccine (S/PVx). 711 and 428 Landrace sows had reproductive performance recorded before and during the PRRSV outbreak, respectively. 811 vaccinated F1 animals had farrowing performance for up to 3 parities. All animals were genotyped for ~28K SNPs. The estimate of rg of S/Poutbreakwith S/PVx was high (rg±SE = 0.72±0.18). Estimates of rg of S/Poutbreak with reproductive performance in F1 sows were low to moderate, ranging from 0.05±0.23 (number stillborn) to 0.30±0.20 (total number born). Estimates of rg of S/PVxwith reproductive performance in non-infected purebred sows were moderate and favorable with number born alive (0.50±0.23), but low (0 to -0.11±0.23) with litter mortality traits. Estimates of rg of S/PVx were moderate and negative (-0.47±0.18) with the number of mummies in PRRSV-infected purebred sows and low with other traits (-0.29±0.18 for total number born to 0.05±0.18 for number stillborn). These results indicate that selection for antibody response following a PRRSV outbreak collected in purebred sows and to PRRSV vaccination collected in commercial crossbred gilts may increase litter size of non-infected and PRRSV-exposed purebred and commercial crossbred sows.

209 Prospecting genomic regions associated with columnaris disease in two rainbow trout breeding populations

2017 ◽  
Vol 95 (suppl_4) ◽  
pp. 103-104
Author(s):  
R. M. O. Silva ◽  
R. L. Vallejo ◽  
J. P. Evenhuis ◽  
T. D. Leeds ◽  
G. Gao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rainbow Trout ◽  
Breeding Populations ◽  
Columnaris Disease ◽  
Genomic Regions

scholarly journals Genome‐Wide Association Study Using Historical Breeding Populations Discovers Genomic Regions Involved in High‐Quality Rice

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 170076 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gastón Quero ◽  
Lucía Gutiérrez ◽  
Eliana Monteverde ◽  
Pedro Blanco ◽  
Fernando Pérez de Vida ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Association Study ◽  
Genome Wide Association Study ◽  
Genome Wide Association ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Breeding Populations ◽  
Genome Wide ◽  
Genomic Regions

scholarly journals Multiple Disease Resistance Loci Affect Soilborne Disease Resistance in Tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum)

2017 ◽  
Vol 107 (9) ◽  
pp. 1055-1061 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katherine Drake-Stowe ◽  
Nicolas Bakaher ◽  
Simon Goepfert ◽  
Berangere Philippon ◽  
Regis Mark ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Disease Resistance ◽  
Dna Markers ◽  
Phytophthora Nicotianae ◽  
Soilborne Pathogens ◽  
High Positive Correlation ◽  
Soilborne Disease ◽  
Breeding Populations ◽  
Multiple Disease Resistance ◽  
Phytophthora Resistance ◽  
Genomic Regions

Phytophthora nicotianae and Ralstonia solanacearum are two of the most important pathogens affecting tobacco worldwide. Greater insight regarding genetic systems controlling resistance to these two soilborne pathogens, as well as identification of DNA markers associated with genomic regions controlling this resistance, could aid in variety development. An evaluation of 50 historical tobacco lines revealed a high positive correlation between resistances to the two pathogens, preliminarily suggesting that some genomic regions may confer resistance to both pathogens. A quantitative trait loci (QTL) mapping experiment designed to investigate the genetic control of soilborne disease resistance of highly resistant ‘K346’ tobacco identified four QTL significantly associated with resistance to P. nicotianae (explaining 60.0% of the observed phenotypic variation) and three QTL to be associated with R. solanacearum resistance (explaining 50.3% of the observed variation). The two QTL with the largest effect on Phytophthora resistance were also found to be the QTL with the greatest effects on resistance to Ralstonia. This finding partially explains previously observed associations between resistances to these two pathogens among U.S. current cultivars and within breeding populations. Further study is needed to determine whether these relationships are due to the same genes (i.e., pleiotropy) or favorable coupling-phase linkages that have been established over time.

scholarly journals IMMUNE AND NATURAL ANTIBODIES TO SYNGENEIC MURINE PLASMA CELL TUMORS

1972 ◽  
Vol 136 (1) ◽  
pp. 94-111 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ronald B. Herberman ◽  
Tadao Aoki
Keyword(s):  
Plasma Cell ◽  
Close Association ◽  
Viral Envelope ◽  
Natural Antibody ◽  
Normal Tissues ◽  
Cytotoxic Antibody ◽  
Lower Reactivity ◽  
Antibody Titers ◽  
Old Mice ◽  
Envelope Antigen

Cytotoxic antibody to a plasma cell tumor antigen was produced in syngeneic BALB mice by immunization with viable or inactivated plasma cell tumors. Antibody with the same specificity was found in the sera of normal BALB and other strains of mice. This natural antibody reacted with an antigen with characteristics indistinguishable from the previously described alloantigen, PC.1, and with viral envelope antigen, χVEA. The incidence of cytotoxic reactivity and the antibody titers reached a peak in normal BALB mice at 3–4 months of age, and were lower in 9–12-month old mice. The sera of germfree mice had lower reactivity; but when the mice were transferred to conventional conditions, their sera soon became as active as those of conventional mice. A virus common to all plasma cell tumors, which is present in latent form in some normal tissues of BALB and other PC.1 positive strains, is suggested as the cause for the PC.1 antigen and for the appearance of natural antibody to it. The considerable evidence for the close association of a virus with plasma cell tumors is presented.

scholarly journals High natural antibody titers of indigenous chickens are related with increased hazard in confinement

2015 ◽  
Vol 94 (7) ◽  
pp. 1493-1498 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Wondmeneh ◽  
J.A.M. Van Arendonk ◽  
E.H. Van der Waaij ◽  
B.J. Ducro ◽  
H.K. Parmentier
Keyword(s):  
Natural Antibody ◽  
Indigenous Chickens ◽  
Antibody Titers

scholarly journals Local genetic correlation analysis reveals heterogeneous etiologic sharing of complex traits

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yiliang Zhang ◽  
Qiongshi Lu ◽  
Yixuan Ye ◽  
Kunling Huang ◽  
Wei Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Correlation Analysis ◽  
Genetic Correlation ◽  
Complex Traits ◽  
Association Studies ◽  
Genetic Correlations ◽  
Autism Spectrum ◽  
Accurate Estimation ◽  
Genome Wide Association Studies ◽  
Unified Framework ◽  
Genomic Regions

AbstractLocal genetic correlation quantifies the genetic similarity of complex traits in specific genomic regions, which could shed unique light on etiologic sharing and provide additional mechanistic insights into the genetic basis of complex traits compared to global genetic correlation. However, accurate estimation of local genetic correlation remains challenging, in part due to extensive linkage disequilibrium in local genomic regions and pervasive sample overlap across studies. We introduce SUPERGNOVA, a unified framework to estimate both global and local genetic correlations using summary statistics from genome-wide association studies. Through extensive simulations and analyses of 30 complex traits, we demonstrate that SUPERGNOVA substantially outperforms existing methods and identifies 150 trait pairs with significant local genetic correlations. In particular, we show that the positive, consistently-identified, yet paradoxical genetic correlation between autism spectrum disorder and cognitive performance could be explained by two etiologically-distinct genetic signatures with bidirectional local genetic correlations. We believe that statistically-rigorous local genetic correlation analysis could accelerate progress in complex trait genetics research.

scholarly journals Genetic parameters and associated genomic regions for global immunocompetence and other health-related traits in pigs

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Ballester ◽  
Yuliaxis Ramayo-Caldas ◽  
Olga González-Rodríguez ◽  
Mariam Pascual ◽  
Josep Reixach ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genome Wide Association Study ◽  
Genetic Correlations ◽  
Γδ T Cells ◽  
Phagocytic Capacity ◽  
Reactive Protein ◽  
A Genome ◽  
Effective Selection ◽  
Health Related ◽  
Genome Level ◽  
Genomic Regions

Abstract The inclusion of health-related traits, or functionally associated genetic markers, in pig breeding programs could contribute to produce more robust and disease resistant animals. The aim of the present work was to study the genetic determinism and genomic regions associated to global immunocompetence and health in a Duroc pig population. For this purpose, a set of 30 health-related traits covering immune (mainly innate), haematological, and stress parameters were measured in 432 healthy Duroc piglets aged 8 weeks. Moderate to high heritabilities were obtained for most traits and significant genetic correlations among them were observed. A genome wide association study pointed out 31 significantly associated SNPs at whole-genome level, located in six chromosomal regions on pig chromosomes SSC4, SSC6, SSC17 and SSCX, for IgG, γδ T-cells, C-reactive protein, lymphocytes phagocytic capacity, total number of lymphocytes, mean corpuscular volume and mean corpuscular haemoglobin. A total of 16 promising functionally-related candidate genes, including CRP, NFATC2, PRDX1, SLA, ST3GAL1, and VPS4A, have been proposed to explain the variation of immune and haematological traits. Our results enhance the knowledge of the genetic control of traits related with immunity and support the possibility of applying effective selection programs to improve immunocompetence in pigs.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document