scholarly journals 79 Seeing the whole picture: Utilizing GPS technology to determine distance and time calves devote to walking post-weaning

2019 ◽  
Vol 97 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. 43-44
Author(s):  
Kirsten Nickles ◽  
Alejandro E Relling ◽  
Anthony Parker
Keyword(s):  
Block Design ◽  
Repeated Measurements ◽  
Walking Distance ◽  
Beef Industry ◽  
Positioning Systems ◽  
Gps Technology ◽  
Animal Activity ◽  
Randomized Complete Block Design ◽  
Global Positioning ◽  
And Control

Abstract Common weaning practices in today’s beef industry involve discontinuation of the cow-calf social and nutritional bond. When this bond is discontinued, atypical behaviors of walking and vocalizing are immediately observed in the calf that negatively affect calf welfare. Global positioning systems (GPS) provide an opportunity to quantify the effects of animal activity on welfare. Utilizing GPS technology, we are able to determine total distance walked, speed, total time walking, or total time not walking and the interactions with calf production. Thus, the objective of the present study was to evaluate the effects of a familiar trainer animal on calf production during weaning and more specifically, common weaning behaviors such as walking utilizing a Garmin® product. A total of 80 Angus x Simmental heifer calves were used in this study. In all four replications, heifer calves were allotted to each treatment group (n = 10), trainer animal or control (TR, CON) on the day of weaning. Calves in the TR group were placed on pasture at weaning with the familiar trainer animal, and control calves were placed in a similar size pasture without a trainer animal. Each calf was also fitted with their own GPS collar that recorded on days 0, 7, and 14 relative to initiation of the study for a full 24 hours before removal. Data were analyzed as a randomized complete block design with repeated measurements (SAS 9.4). Placing calves with a familiar trainer animal decreased the distance calves walked (P = 0.001) as well as the amount of time calves were walking (P = 0.001). Placing a familiar trainer animal with calves at weaning, therefore, has an effect on walking distance and amount of time calves devote to walking.

scholarly journals 307 A social facilitator can reduce calf walking behavior at weaning

2019 ◽  
Vol 97 (Supplement_3) ◽  
pp. 4-5
Author(s):  
Kirsten Nickles ◽  
Alejandro E Relling ◽  
Anthony Parker
Keyword(s):  
Block Design ◽  
Repeated Measurements ◽  
Walking Distance ◽  
Gps Tracking ◽  
Walking Behavior ◽  
Calf Growth ◽  
Beef Calves ◽  
Randomized Complete Block Design ◽  
Industry Practice ◽  
Tracking Device

Abstract Common industry practice is to wean beef calves prior to natural weaning with the objectives of improving cow body weight and preparing calves for the subsequent receiving, growing, and finishing phases of production. Discontinuing the cow-calf social and nutritional bond before natural weaning, however, causes atypical walking and vocalizing behaviors by calves that are detrimental to calf growth and health. A proposed alternative weaning method is the addition of a social facilitator cow at weaning to reduce calf stress. Utilizing global positioning system (GPS) technology, we were able to determine total distance walked, total time devoted to walking, and area of the pasture utilized by the calf. Thus, the objective of the present study was to evaluate the effects of a social facilitator on calf growth during weaning and more specifically, walking behaviors, utilizing a Garmin® product. Angus x Simmental heifer calves (n = 80) were used in this study, and in all four replications calves were randomly allotted to each treatment group (n = 10), social facilitator (SF) or control (CON) on the day of weaning (day 0). Calves in the SF group were placed on pasture at weaning with a social facilitator, and CON calves were placed in a similar sized pasture without a social facilitator. All calves were allocated their own GPS tracking device on days 0 (weaning), 7, and 14 for a full 24 hours before removal. Data were analyzed as a randomized complete block design with repeated measurements (SAS 9.4). Placing calves with a social facilitator decreased the distance walked (P = 0.001), and the amount of time calves devoted to walking (P = 0.001). Placing a social facilitator with calves at weaning, therefore, has an effect on walking distance and amount of time calves devote to walking.

scholarly journals Growth Performance of Lettuce Using Fermented Products as Organic Fertilizers

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 65
Author(s):  
Kareen Lynn E. Negado
Keyword(s):  
Growth Performance ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Organic Fertilizers ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Lettuce Seeds ◽  
Randomized Complete Block Design ◽  
Number Of Leaves ◽  
The Mean ◽  
And Control ◽  
Fermented Products

This study evaluates the growth performance of lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.) utilizing various fermented products as organic fertilizers. Growth performance is determined through the plant’s weight and leaves and significant differences in growth among various treatments: (a) fish trash, (b) scrap seaweeds, (c) kangkong, and control groups urea (positive) and water (negative) was also determined. Kangkong leaves are fermented for 10 days, fish trash for 14 days and 1 month for seaweeds. Lettuce seeds are sown before transplanting (15 days after germination) into pots and placed in raised beds. Randomized complete block design is utilized in the experiment. Growth performance is measured through the number of leaves 10, 20, and 30 days after transplant and mass of plant upon harvest. After 30 days, the lettuce was harvested. Based on the findings, the soil and fermented products are acidic and the needed organic matter for optimum growth of lettuce are not sufficient as well as some nutrients of the fermented products. Among the organic fertilizers, kangkong at 30 ml performs best in terms of the growth performance of lettuce. Urea performs best in terms of the mass upon harvest. Significant differences exist in the mean number of leaves of lettuce treated with various amounts of organic fertilizers with the plants that receive urea. Lettuce produce more number of leaves and with the highest mass upon harvest when treated with urea compared with organic fertilizers applied after 30 days from transplant. Keywords: fermented kangkong; fish trash; growth performance; lettuce; scrap seaweeds

scholarly journals Evaluation of the effectiveness of different herbicides on weed invasion in the fields of triticale

2012 ◽  
Vol 52 (4) ◽  
pp. 435-439 ◽  
Author(s):  
Parviz Sharifi Ziveh ◽  
Vahid Mahdavi
Keyword(s):  
Block Design ◽  
Control Treatment ◽  
Wild Oat ◽  
Control Methods ◽  
Dual Purpose ◽  
Weed Invasion ◽  
Barnyard Grass ◽  
Randomized Complete Block Design ◽  
Herbicide Use ◽  
And Control

Abstract One of the factors limiting crop growth is weeds. The weeds lead to a reduced performance of the crops. Chemical control methods are considered appropriate for controlling weeds. Therefore, in the fight to control weeds in triticale, the performance of the dual-purpose herbicide sulfosulfuron(Apirus®), mesosulfuron + idosulfuron(Atlantis®), metsulfuron methyl+sulfosulfuron(Total®) with surfactant and isoproton + diflufenican(Panther®) from the sulfonylurea group, and narrow leaf herbicides clodinafobpropargyl( Topik®), pinoxaden(New Axial®), diclofop-methyl(Iloxan®), pinoxaden + clodinafob-propagyl (Traxos ®), fenoxaprop-pethyl + mefen-pyper-d-ethyl(PumaSuper®), tralkoksidim(Grasb®) with 1 liter oil, flam-prop-m-isopropyl(Suffix BW®), and control treatment without herbicides were evaluated. The test was carried out in a randomized complete block design with four replications. Spraying was carried out using a back sprayer. For evaluation of ocular damage, the European Weed Research Council (EWRC) standard method was used. According to the performed studies, the narrow leaves of wild oat and barnyard grass were the dominant weeds. Results showed that all herbicide, except the herbicide tralkoksidim, were effective in weed control. The triticale yield was maintained with the use of these herbicides and none of herbicide had an adverse effect on the crop. In the first weeks of herbicide use, the triticale leaves appeared pale but this problem resolved over time. It seems that the herbicides discussed in this paper can be used on the triticale plant.

scholarly journals Impact of paddy straw mulch on germination and growth of celery (Apium graveolens L.) seedlings and associated weeds in nursery

2020 ◽  
pp. 148-152
Author(s):  
A. S. Brar ◽  
P. K. Sraw ◽  
B. S. Dhillon
Keyword(s):  
Retention Time ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Apium Graveolens ◽  
Full Time ◽  
Paddy Straw ◽  
Straw Mulch ◽  
Randomized Complete Block Design ◽  
And Control ◽  
Germination And Growth

A study was undertaken during three consecutive rabi seasons of 2014–15 to 2016–17 at the Research Farm, Department of Agronomy, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana (Punjab) to determine the effect of paddy straw mulch load and retention time on the germination and growth of celery and associated weeds. The experiment was conducted in randomized complete block design (RCBD) with nine treatments viz., paddy straw mulch @ 4 and 6 t ha-1 with retention time of 15, 20, 25 days after sowing (DAS), full time retention (60 DAS), and control (without mulch). The results indicated that application of paddy straw mulch @ 4 or 6 t ha-1 significantly improved the germination of celery in nursery as compared to no mulch treatment but retention of paddy straw mulch beyond 20 days after sowing suppressed the celery seedlings adversely resulting in lowering seedling population as well as fresh and dry weight of celery seedlings. Application of paddy straw mulch @ 4 or 6 t ha-1 resulted in significantly lower density and dry weight of weeds as compared to control. Further, each successive increase in retention time of paddy straw mulch from 15 DAS to full time retention (60 DAS) through 20 and 25 DAS significantly reduced the weed population in celery nursery.

scholarly journals EXPLOITATION OF NEW CHEMISTRY FUNGICIDES AGAINST CHARCOAL ROT OF SESAME CAUSED BY MACROPHOMINA PHASIOLINA IN PAKISTAN

2017 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
pp. 257 ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad R. Bashir ◽  
Abid Mehmood ◽  
Muhammad Sajid ◽  
Muhammad A. Zeshan ◽  
Muhammad Mohsin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Disease Incidence ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Macrophomina Phaseolina ◽  
Colony Growth ◽  
Field Conditions ◽  
Charcoal Rot ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Randomized Complete Block Design ◽  
And Control ◽  
Fungal Colony

The current research was conducted to find out the most appropriate concentrations of six fungicides for the management of sesame charcoal rot caused by Macrophomina phaseolina under lab and field conditions. The treatments viz. Antracol, Topsin-M, Mancozeb, Score, Topas, Nativo and Control with concentrations of 150, 250 and 350ppm were used with three replications under completely randomized design and randomized complete block design in Lab. and field conditions respectively. The mean colony growth of all treatments expressed that Nativo exhibited minimum colony growth of (0.93 cm) as compared to Score (1.14 cm), Topsin-M (1.42 cm), Mancozeb (1.77 cm), Antracol (2.04 cm), Topass (2.33 cm) correspondingly. The interaction between treatments and concentrations (T×C) showed that  used concentrations 150 ppm, 250 ppm and 350 ppm of Nativo abundantly inhibit fungal colony growth upto 1.26 cm, 0.86 cm and 0.66 cm respectively whereas the interaction between treatments and days expressed that after day ninth the minimum colony growth (1.23 cm) was observed for Nativo as compared to all other treatments. Similarly, the interaction between concentrations and days expressed highest fungal colony growth at concentration 150 ppm on day third (2.06 cm), sixth (3.02 cm) and ninth (3.65 cm) but the interaction of treatments, days and concentrations expressed that at 150 ppm concentration, all treatments exhibited minimum colony growth (1.70 to 3.30) cm at third, sixth and ninth day as compared to 250 and 350 ppm concentration respectively with respect to control (6.90 cm). In filed conditions, Nativo exhibited minimum Mean Disease Incidence (12.55%) whereas the interaction between treatments and days showed minimum of 14.95%, 12.82% and 9.90% disease incidence by Nativo as compared to all other treatments including control (66.86%, 77.57% and 87.22%) after day tenth, twenty and thirty. It was concluded that Nativo is significantly inhibiting the colony growth under lab and filed conditions.

scholarly journals "Evaluating the performance of triple crosses and their parents of maize under two plant densities "

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Samar Hashem Taqey Almousawi ◽  
Wajeeha Abed Hassan
Keyword(s):  
Block Design ◽  
Plant Yield ◽  
Synthetic Variety ◽  
Highest Weight ◽  
Randomized Complete Block Design ◽  
Plant Densities ◽  
Ear Height ◽  
And Control ◽  
Gm Plant

"Aiming at evaluating the performance of Three-way and single hybrids and their inbreds of Maize and comparing them with the ""Iba'a5018"" variety under two plants densities, a field. The study included a comparison of 5 inbreds and 10 single inbreds and 11 Three-way hybrids as well as the control variety ""Aba'a 5018"" under two plants densities, Were (60000 and 80000 plants ha-1). Randomized Complete Block design (RCBD) with four replications under splitplots arrangement were used, the main plots were included two plants densities and the subplots were included the Genotypes (27). Results revealed that low plants density gave ear length (19.64 cm), ears number (1.158 ear plant-1), weight of 100 grains (32.11 gm) plant yield (161.32 gm). Results showed the Inbred 5 gave the high values of plant yield (126.53 gm) because it gave ear height (116.10 cm), leaves number (16.33), ears length (16.50 cm), ears number per plant (1.219 ear plant-1 ), Also the Inbred 4 gave the highest values in yield per plant (132.67 gm), highest weight of 100 grains (30.62 gm). The single hybrids (2×3), (1×3) and (4×5) gave the most significant values in plant yield (164.21, 161.84, and 157.21 gm). As they increased the plant and ears height, leaves number, and ears length it also gave the highestvalues in ears numbers. Most of the Three way hybrids superior over the single hybrids and their inbred and the control synthetic variety, the Three way hybrid (1×2)×5 has a significant differences among his parents and the control variety in yield of plant (184.23 g) ears height average (219.33 cm), ears number (1.24). The hybrids (1×4)×2, (1×3)×5 and (3×4)×2 gave a significant values compared with their parents and control variety in yield per plan. It concluded that the genetics hybrids are appropriate for the Full season, and the single hybrids superior their parents (inbreeds), The best hybrid (3×2) gave the highest yield of planted area reached (11.43 tons ha-1) The Three way hybrid (1×2)×5 gave the highest value in yield of reached (12.75 tons ha-1"

Motor function impairment is an early sign of CLN3 disease

Neurology ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 93 (3) ◽  
pp. e293-e297 ◽  
Author(s):  
Willemijn F.E. Kuper ◽  
Claudia van Alfen ◽  
Linda van Eck ◽  
Barbara C.H. Huijgen ◽  
Edward E.S. Nieuwenhuis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Visual Impairment ◽  
Motor Function ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Batten Disease ◽  
Repeated Measurements ◽  
Walking Distance ◽  
Control Cohort ◽  
Cln3 Disease ◽  
6 Minute Walk Test ◽  
And Control

ObjectiveTo delineate timing of motor decline in CLN3 disease.MethodsMotor function, assessed by the 6-Minute Walk Test (6MWT), was evaluated repeatedly in 15 patients with CLN3 disease, resulting in 65 test results and during one occasion in 2 control cohorts. One control cohort (n = 14) had isolated visual impairment; a second cohort (n = 12) exhibited visual impairment in combination with neurologic impairments. Based on 6MWT reference values in healthy sighted children, z scores of 6MWT results in patients with CLN3 disease and control cohort individuals were calculated. 6MWT results were correlated with age—including multilevel modeling analysis allowing assessment of imbalanced repeated measurements—and with Unified Batten Disease Rating Scale (UBDRS) scores.ResultsIn CLN3 disease, 6MWT scores were already impaired from first testing near diagnosis (mean z scores of −3.6 and −4.7 at 7 and 8 years of age, respectively). Afterwards, 6MWT scores continuously declined with age (r = −0.64, p < 0.0001) and with increasing UBDRS scores (r = −0.60, p = 0.0001), confirming correlation with disease progression. The decrease was more pronounced at a later age, as shown by the nonlinear multilevel model for 6MWT results in CLN3 disease (y = 409.18 − [0.52 × age2]). In contrast, an upward trend of 6MWT scores with age was observed in the control cohort with isolated visual impairment (r = 0.56; p = 0.04) similar to healthy, sighted children. The control cohort with additional neurologic impairments displayed a slightly decreased 6MWT walking distance independent of age.ConclusionsThe 6MWT unveils early onset of motor decline in CLN3 disease.

Neighborhoods and Health

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana V. Diez Roux
Keyword(s):  
Health Research ◽  
Spatial Epidemiology ◽  
Activity Space ◽  
Positioning Systems ◽  
Gps Technology ◽  
Global Positioning ◽  
Methodological Approaches ◽  
New Research ◽  
Highly Cited ◽  
Neighborhoods And Health

The highly successful first edition of Neighborhoods and Health (published in 2003), coedited by Ichiro Kawachi and Lisa Berkman, is one of the most highly cited texts in the field of neighborhood health research. However, the methods and substantive research have changed a great deal since it was published more than a decade ago. Although research connecting neighborhoods and health has been conducted for many years, research in neighborhoods and health (also known as spatial epidemiology) has indeed exploded in the last few years in particular—both in terms of content and newer methodological approaches, including the use of global positioning systems (GPS) technology to define “activity space neighborhoods.” Each chapter of this book will cover major theories and insights from the accumulated wealth of new research on neighborhoods and health. The book also covers emerging areas in neighborhoods and health research, including chapters discussing neighborhood stigma, as well as on neighborhood home foreclosures.

scholarly journals Nutrient accumulation models in the banana (Musa AAA Simmonds cv Williams) plant under nitrogen doses

2017 ◽  
Vol 66 (3) ◽  
pp. 391-396 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jaime Torres Bazurto ◽  
Jaiver Danilo Sanchez ◽  
Daniel Gerardo Cayon Salinas
Keyword(s):  
Plant Development ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Repeated Measurements ◽  
Nutrient Accumulation ◽  
Banana Plant ◽  
N Accumulation ◽  
Development Stages ◽  
Randomized Complete Block Design ◽  
High Doses ◽  
Absolute Control

This research determined the effect of four nitrogen (N) doses on the nutritional behavior of (N), potassium (K), phosphorus (P), calcium (Ca) and magnesium (Mg), respectively, in banana Williams, during five plant development stages and two productive cycles. The treatments were as follows: 1) absolute control, 2) 0 N, 3) 161 kg N ha-1, 4) 321.8 kg N ha-1 and 5) 483 kg N ha-1, respectively. A multivariate approach of the differences among cycles was used to adjust the models and eliminate their individual effect, with a randomized complete block design with repeated measurements over time. There were significant differences among plant development stages, with an increase in nutrient accumulation in the banana plant, there were no differences among treatments or blocks, nor in the interaction block by treatment, but the dose of 321.8 kg of N, exhibited a fructification increase in terms of N accumulation, harvest was exceeded by the dose of 483 kg of nitrogen, Ca and Mg, were the other nutrients, which showed effect at the dose of 483 kg of N but increasing only to harvest. It was concluded that high doses of nitrogen showed a trend to increase nutrient accumulation during the development of the banana plant, but especially until fructification, with the exception of Ca and Mg, which achieved the greatest accumulation in harvest.

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