Stage of Development and Fasting Affect Protein Synthetic Activity in the Gastrointestinal Tissues of Suckling Rats

The balance of platelet and vascular functions clearly determines the functioning of primary hemostasis in the piglet’s body. This is of particular physiological importance at the beginning of piglet ontogenesis. The degree of functional readiness of platelets and blood vessels in piglets during the neonatal period determines the state of blood microcirculation in tissues and the activity of many functional mechanisms at this stage of development. The activity of the disaggregation properties of blood vessels, which significantly determines the intensity of anabolism and, ultimately, the productivity of animals, is particularly important at this age. This study examined 31 healthy newborn piglets. A decrease in the amount of peroxidation products was found in the blood of all animals due to an increase in the antioxidant potential of their plasma, which created conditions in newborn piglets for weak alteration of the vascular endothelium and its optimal synthetic activity. This led to an increase in the vascular control over the platelet aggregation activity, maintaining the optimal blood flow in microvessels from the beginning of individual development. Keywords: piglets, neonatal phase, blood vessels, platelets, aggregation, lipid peroxidation

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Ontogenesis of Tissue Plasminogen Activator in the Human

Thrombosis and Haemostasis ◽

10.1055/s-0038-1654321 ◽

1971 ◽

Vol 25 (03) ◽

pp. 469-480 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

B Åstedt ◽

M Pandolfi

Keyword(s):

Plasminogen Activator ◽

Tissue Plasminogen Activator ◽

Vena Cava ◽

Vasa Vasorum ◽

Moderate Activity ◽

Foetal Development ◽

Plasminogen Activator Activity ◽

Stage Of Development ◽

Tissue Plasminogen ◽

Enzyme Pattern

SummaryThe ontogenesis of tissue plasminogen activator in various tissues was studied in 10 embryos and 58 foetuses with a histochemical method.The first appearance of activator activity was seen in a 4-weeks old embryo. At 8-9 weeks it was seen in the eye, meninges, heart, lungs, kidney and vena cava. In the foetal heart high activity was found in the coronary vessels, which can be regarded as the vasa vasorum of the heart. In the lungs a moderate activity increased at 24 weeks of age, when vascularisation increases more rapidly. Intense activity was seen in the highly vascularized corneoscleral junction of the eye later involved in the drainage of aqueous humor.In the kidney the activity could be related to the vessels, while no activity was seen in the glomeruli, the collecting system or the pelvis. In the vessels the activator activity was fairly high. No activity was seen in any stage of development of the liver.The plasminogen activator activity may be of importance for maintaining the foetomaternal circulation and micro-circulation in rapidly growing foetal organs. In the embryo the enzyme pattern is dominated by protein synthetizing enzymes. During foetal development the enzyme pattern changes owing to supervention of enzymes necessary for the function of the various organs. Plasminogen activator belongs to this latter group. The appearance of plasminogen activator activity may therefore be regarded mainly as a sign of functional maturity of the foetal organs.

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Russian Federalism at the Critical Stage of Development

Voprosy Ekonomiki ◽

10.32609/0042-8736-2008-9-70-83 ◽

2008 ◽

pp. 70-83 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

E. Bukhvald

Keyword(s):

Economic Development ◽

Social Processes ◽

Self Management ◽

Intergovernmental Fiscal Relations ◽

Critical Stage ◽

Municipal Reform ◽

Stage Of Development ◽

Social And Economic Development ◽

Basic Course

Transformations in the sphere of federal relations concern the most important directions of the reforming processes in the country. However, not all proposed and actually developing components of the federal reform seem well-argued and corresponding to long-term, strategic interests of the Russian statehood. The basic course of reform should meet the objective requirements of further decentralization of governing economic and social processes and the need to ensure strengthening the responsibility of RF subjects’ executive bodies and local self-management for steady social and economic development of their territories. The solution of these problems calls for a new model of federal policy of regional development, specification of some important components of the municipal reform as well as inserting certain amendments into the system of intergovernmental fiscal relations in order to stir up their stimulating function.

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A view at the Russian economic transformation

Voprosy Ekonomiki ◽

10.32609/0042-8736-2018-11-142-158 ◽

2018 ◽

pp. 142-158 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

E. F. Baranov ◽

V. A. Bessonov

Keyword(s):

Market Economy ◽

Growth Rates ◽

Transition Process ◽

Well Being ◽

Economic Transformation ◽

High Rate ◽

Russian Economy ◽

Stage Of Development ◽

Qualitative Level ◽

Rate Of Recovery

The transition of the Russian economy from plan to market is considered at a qualitative level. The analysis of economic dynamics in the transformation paradigm is conducted. The main stages of the transition process are discussed. Bonuses and costs due to the transition to market economy are considered. The reasons for the outstripping growth of well-being as compared to the growth of output are discussed. The signs of exhaustion of the potential of factors ensuring an abnormally high rate of recovery and accompanying welfare growth are discussed. The conclusion is made that the transformational recovery has been completed. The Russian economy has moved to the stage of development with relatively low growth rates of output and welfare, typical for stable (nontransition) economies.

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Concatenation of Circumstances or Historical Regularity?

Voprosy Ekonomiki ◽

10.32609/0042-8736-2009-7-75-84 ◽

2009 ◽

pp. 75-84

Author(s):

V. Popov

Keyword(s):

Transition Economies ◽

Government Expenditure ◽

Previous History ◽

Shock Therapy ◽

Economic Liberalization ◽

Institutional Capacity ◽

Government Failure ◽

Stage Of Development ◽

Optimal Policies ◽

Cis Countries

Why have many transition economies succeeded by pursuing policies which are so different from the radical economic liberalization (shock therapy) that is normally credited for the economic success of countries of Central Europe? First, optimal policies are context dependent, they are specific for each stage of development and what worked in Slovenia cannot be expected to work in Mongolia. Second, even for the countries with the same level of development reforms that are necessary to stimulate growth are different; they depend on the previous history and on the path chosen. The reduction of government expenditure as a share of GDP did not undermine significantly the institutional capacity of the state in China, but in Russia and other CIS countries it turned out to be ruinous. The art of the policymaker is to create markets without causing government failure, as happened in many CIS countries.

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The Belt and Road Initiative and Sino-Russian economic cooperation: Is there one more chance for us?

Voprosy Ekonomiki ◽

10.32609/0042-8736-2019-12-47-71 ◽

2019 ◽

pp. 47-71

Author(s):

Petr M. Mozias

Keyword(s):

Regional Integration ◽

Raw Materials ◽

Belt And Road Initiative ◽

Stage Of Development ◽

Belt And Road ◽

Flexible Framework ◽

The One ◽

International Transactions ◽

The Belt And Road ◽

Current Stage

China’s Belt and Road Initiative could be treated ambiguously. On the one hand, it is intended to transform the newly acquired economic potential of that country into its higher status in the world. China invites a lot of nations to build up gigantic transit corridors by joint efforts, and doing so it applies productively its capital and technologies. International transactions in RMB are also being expanded. But, on the other hand, the Belt and Road Initiative is also a necessity for China to cope with some evident problems of its current stage of development, such as industrial overcapacity, overdependence on imports of raw materials from a narrow circle of countries, and a subordinate status in global value chains. For Russia participation in the Belt and Road Initiative may be fruitful, since the very character of that project provides us with a space to manoeuvre. By now, Russian exports to China consist primarily of fuels and other commodities. More active industrial policy is needed to correct this situation . A flexible framework of the Belt and Road Initiative is more suitable for this objective to be achieved, rather than traditional forms of regional integration, such as a free trade zone.

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The Application of UX Research in New Energy Vehicle Innovation

Conference Proceedings of the Academy for Design Innovation Management ◽

10.33114/adim.2017.58 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 1 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Menghan TAO ◽

Ning XIAO ◽

Xingfu ZHAO ◽

Wenbin LIU

Keyword(s):

Early Stage ◽

Rapid Expansion ◽

The Other ◽

Innovative Product ◽

Stage Of Development ◽

New Energy ◽

New Energy Vehicle ◽

The One ◽

New Energy Vehicles ◽

Degree Of Innovation

New energy vehicles(NEV) as a new thing for sustainable development, in China, on the one hand has faced the rapid expansion of the market; the other hand, for the new NEV users, the current NEVs cannot keep up with the degree of innovation. This paper demonstrates the reasons for the existence of this systematic challenge, and puts forward the method of UX research which is different from the traditional petrol vehicles research in the early stage of development, which studies from the user's essence level, to form the innovative product programs which meet the needs of users and being real attractive.

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Formation Of An Estimate For A State Contract With A Firm Price In The Construction Sector

Promyshlennoe i Grazhdanskoe Stroitel stvo ◽

10.33622/0869-7019.2020.03.47-57 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 47-57

Keyword(s):

Construction Projects ◽

Cost Of Capital ◽

Federal Budget ◽

The State ◽

Structural Elements ◽

Construction Sector ◽

Construction Process ◽

Practical Application ◽

Stage Of Development ◽

Capital Construction

The issues of determining the estimated cost of capital construction projects with the involvement of Federal budget funds at the stage of development of project documentation, during verification of the accuracy of determining the estimated cost and the initial (maximum) contract price are considered. On the basis of the assessment of amendments to urban planning legislation for the purpose of implementing a state contract by the contractor ( based on the results of competitive procedures or without competitive procedures by decision of state authorities), the procedure for forming the estimate as part of a state (municipal) contract, the price of which is firm, is presented. For the purpose of mutual settlements between the customer and the contractor for the work performed, the formation of primary accounting documentation, as well as for checking the work performed by regulatory authorities, an example of drawing up an estimate of the state (municipal) contract on the basis of grouping costs according to structural elements and complexes of work is given. The result of the research conducted was the development of regulations and the formation of criteria for their practical application by state bodies, institutions, organizations and other participants in the investment-construction process, as well as recipients of budget funds, who perform the functions of the state (municipal) customer, developer and technical customer.

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Progestation

Acta Endocrinologica ◽

10.1530/acta.0.056s007 ◽

1967 ◽

Vol 56 (3_Suppla) ◽

pp. S7-S45 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Keyword(s):

Tritiated Thymidine ◽

Succinic Dehydrogenase ◽

Glandular Epithelium ◽

Synthetic Activity ◽

Cell Renewal ◽

Pulse Labelling ◽

Uterine Receptivity ◽

Alkaline Phosphatases ◽

Monocytic Cells ◽

Acid And Alkaline Phosphatases

ABSTRACT Autoradiographic, enzymic and histologic studies on uteri of pregnant rats were carried out to follow the endometrial modifications which take place during progestation (days L0 – L4) and culminate in the state of uterine receptivity essential for ovum-implantation. Pulse labelling with tritiated thymidine (radioactive DNA precursor) on L0, L1 and L2 revealed a sequence of cell renewal in luminal and glandular epithelium and endometrial stroma. On L3 and L4 stromal cells showed extensive incorporation of tritiated thymidine. This synthetic activity was associated with endometrial preparation for decidualization and was evoked at least in part, by the surge of oestrogen on L3. All layers of the uterine wall were heavily infiltrated on L0 and resembled the site of an acute inflammatory reaction. Subsequently, polymorphonuclear infiltration diminished and monocytic cells predominated. On L3 a spatial arrangement was observed: eosinophiles were concentrated in the basal endometrium and monocytic cells in the subepithelial stroma. A comparison was made between such a shift in migratory cells in the uterus and similar phenomena which occur in inflammatory and immune reactions. Activities of acid and alkaline phosphatases, of ATP-ase and succinic dehydrogenase were low on L0 and L1 during the periods of infiltration, degeneration and regeneration of luminal and glandular epithelium. Enzymic activities increased on the following days, (L3 and L4). Vascular dilation and engorgement and endometrial oedema were observed near the blastocysts on L4. Most blastocysts incorporated tritiated thymidine after 14.00 h on L4, but some showed uptake before loss of the zona which occurs usually between 14.00 and 16.00 h; therefore, it was assumed that the permeability of the zona increases prior to being shed. Activities of succinic dehydrogenase and acid and alkaline phosphatases were demonstrable in blastocysts on L4 while they were still »free« in the uterine lumen.

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