Feminist and Social Justice–Informed Approaches Toward the Enhancement of Positive Embodiment

2019 ◽  
pp. 385-396
Keyword(s):  
Health Promotion ◽  
Eating Disorders ◽  
Body Image ◽  
Social Justice ◽  
Social Equity ◽  
Well Being ◽  
The Body ◽  
Social Domains ◽  
Key Dimensions ◽  
Health Promotion Interventions

While feminist and social justice perspectives suggest that positive body-anchored experiences are centrally linked to social equity and power, this lens has not been widely embraced within the body image and eating disorders fields. Key elements in feminist- and social justice–informed health promotion approaches to positive embodiment relate to the (a) goals, (b) content, (c) process, and (d) assessment of health promotion interventions. The chapter discusses each of these four key dimensions and related interventions in the field of body image and embodiment. Such approaches can target varied social domains and institutions, all the way from widely disseminated values and laws to specific interventions with schools and families. Further, they can enrich the fields of body image and eating disorders by informing etiological theories of embodied well-being and distress and health promotion initiatives.

Anorexia Nervosa and Depression in a Woman Blind since the Age of Nine Months

1993 ◽  
Vol 38 (7) ◽  
pp. 469-471 ◽  
Author(s):  
Clifford W. Sharp
Keyword(s):  
Eating Disorders ◽  
Body Image ◽  
Anorexia Nervosa ◽  
Eating Disorder ◽  
Major Depression ◽  
Food Intake ◽  
Older Women ◽  
The Body ◽  
Atypical Presentation ◽  
History Of

A woman aged 58 who has been blind since the age of nine months presented with major depression and a 40 year history of an eating disorder characterized by a restriction of food intake and body disparagement. The case is additional evidence that a specifically visual body image is not essential for the development of anorexia nervosa and supports the view that the concept of body image is unnecessary and unproductive in eating disorders. Greater emphasis should be placed on attitudes and feelings toward the body, and the possibility of an eating disorder should be considered in cases of older women with an atypical presentation.

scholarly journals Awareness of and attitudes to sexually transmissible infections among gay men and other men who have sex with men in England: a qualitative study

Sexual Health ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 18 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jessica Datta ◽  
David Reid ◽  
Gwenda Hughes ◽  
Catherine H. Mercer ◽  
Sonali Wayal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Promotion ◽  
Gay Men ◽  
Treatment Options ◽  
The Body ◽  
Modes Of Transmission ◽  
Treatment Regimens ◽  
Transmission Mechanisms ◽  
Sexually Transmissible Infections ◽  
Sex With Men ◽  
Health Promotion Interventions

Background Rates of sexually transmissible infections (STIs) have increased over recent years among gay men and other men who have sex with men (MSM) in England and Wales. HIV diagnoses remain high in this group and men with diagnosed HIV are disproportionally affected by STIs. MSM are therefore a priority for health promotion efforts to reduce STIs. Understanding awareness of and attitudes towards STIs is essential in developing health promotion interventions to reduce prevalence. Methods: Eight focus group discussions (FGDs) with a total of 61 MSM in four English cities included a ranking exercise to gauge how ‘scary’ participants thought 11 STIs are. The exercise sought insights into participants’ awareness of, knowledge about and attitudes towards STIs and blood-borne viruses (BBVs). FGDs were audio-recorded, transcribed and data analysed thematically. Results: All groups ranked HIV and Hepatitis C virus (HCV) as the scariest infections, and the majority ranked syphilis and herpes as highly scary. Scabies was ranked as the least scary by most groups. Rankings were dependent on how well informed participants felt about an infection, its transmission mechanisms, health affect and the availability of vaccines and treatment. Personal experience or that of friends influenced perceptions of particular infections, as did their prevalence, treatment options, visibility of symptoms and whether an STI could be cleared from the body. Conclusions: The study findings suggest that, although some MSM are well informed, there is widespread lack of knowledge about the prevalence, modes of transmission, health implications and treatment regimens of particular STIs.

scholarly journals Evidence of Workplace Interventions—A Systematic Review of Systematic Reviews

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (19) ◽  
pp. 3553 ◽  
Author(s):  
Claudia Pieper ◽  
Sarah Schröer ◽  
Anna-Lisa Eilerts
Keyword(s):  
Health Promotion ◽  
Systematic Reviews ◽  
Search Strategy ◽  
Workplace Health Promotion ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Current Evidence ◽  
Economic Evaluations ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Older Employees ◽  
Health Promotion Interventions

Work environment factors are highly correlated with employees’ health and well-being. Our aim was to sum up current evidence of health promotion interventions in the workplace, focusing on interventions for the prevention of musculoskeletal disorders, psychological and behavioral disorders as well as interventions for older employees and economic evaluations. We conducted a comprehensive literature search including systematic reviews published from April 2012 to October 2017 in electronic databases and search engines, websites of relevant organizations and institutions. It consisted of simple and specific terms and word combinations related to workplace health promotion based on the search strategy of a previous review. After full-text screening, 74 references met the eligibility criteria. Using the same search strategy, there was a higher proportion of relevant high-quality studies as compared with the earlier review. The heterogeneity of health promotion interventions regarding intervention components, settings and study populations still limits the comparability of studies. Future studies should also address the societal and insurer perspective, including costs to the worker such as lost income and lost time at work of family members due to caregiving activities. To this end, more high-quality evidence is needed.

Characterization of eating behavior disorders in school-aged children and adolescents: a population-based study

2016 ◽  
Vol 29 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana Márcia Tenório de Souza Cavalcanti ◽  
Ilma Kruze Grande de Arruda ◽  
Emilly Anne Cardoso Moreno de Lima ◽  
Waldemar Brandão Neto ◽  
Estela Maria Leite Meirelles Monteiro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Eating Disorders ◽  
Body Image ◽  
Female Gender ◽  
The Body ◽  
Eating Behaviours ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Eating Pattern ◽  
Compulsive Eating ◽  
Restrictive Eating ◽  
School Aged Children

Abstract Objective: Cross-sectional study to assess the characteristics of the risk behaviors for eating disorders (EDs) in school children between 10 and 14 years of age in the city of Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil. Methods: 1405 school-aged children were assessed, using the Eating Behaviours and Body Image Test (EBBIT) to screen for EDs. The normality of the continuing variables was tested using the Kolmogorov-Smirnov test with Lilliefors correction. They were described as medians and interquartile intervals (25 and 75th percentiles). Results: The criteria that represented a condition of anorexia and/or bulimia nervosa were considered as strong indicators of risk for EDs in school-aged children who indicated the following behaviors with scores superior to the 75th percentile on the scales: “compulsive eating” 3.0% (CI95% 2.2–4.0); “dissatisfaction with body image/restrictive eating” 1.3% (CI95% 0.8–2.0); children scoring superior to the 30th percentile, “compulsive eating” + “dissatisfaction with body image/restrictive eating”, 0.6% (CI95% 0.3–1.2); and superior to the 50th percentile; “compensatory behavior for hyperphagia” 6.7% (CI95% 5.4–8.1). In addition, greater vulnerability of the female gender was perceived, as well as an increase in the preliminary risk factors of EDs, such as advanced age, dissatisfaction with the body image linked to restrictive behaviors and the compulsive establishment of an eating pattern. Conclusion: This study shows the dimension of the problem in this ecological context and the urgent need for intervention programs, developed among different sectors, from the perspective of the adolescents’ empowerment to prevent and minimize the vulnerability factors of the eating disorders.

scholarly journals Susceptibility to Eating Disorders Among Collegiate Female Student–Athletes

2014 ◽  
Vol 49 (3) ◽  
pp. 406-410 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cherilyn N. McLester ◽  
Robin Hardin ◽  
Stephanie Hoppe
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Eating Disorders ◽  
Body Image ◽  
Health Care Providers ◽  
Student Athletes ◽  
Female Student ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
The Body ◽  
Self Concept ◽  
Care Providers

Context: Research has suggested that the prevalence of young women with eating disorders (EDs) is increasing, but determining the exact prevalence of EDs within the female student–athlete (FS-A) population is difficult. Looking at certain traits may help us to identify their level of susceptibility to developing an ED. Objective: To determine the susceptibility of FS-As to EDs in relation to self-concept, including self-esteem and body image. Design: Cross-sectional study. Setting: Athletic training and health centers at National Collegiate Athletic Association Division I, II, and III institutions via e-mail questionnaire correspondence. Patients or Other Participants: A total of 439 FS-As from 17 participating institutions completed the questionnaires. The sample was primarily white (83.1%) and underclass (61.8%). Main Outcome Measure(s): The questionnaire consisted of 4 parts: 3 subscales of the Eating Disorder Inventory-2, the Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale, the Body Cathexis Scale, and demographic items. Results: A total of 6.8% of FS-As were susceptible to anorexia and 1.8% were susceptible to bulimia. The majority of FS-As (61%) reported normal self-esteem levels, whereas 29.4% had high self-esteem. Overall, 64.5% were satisfied and 23% were very satisfied with their body image. Conclusions: These results are generally positive in that they suggest FS-As have high levels of self-concept and are at low risk to develop EDs. However, these findings do not mean that all concerns should be dismissed. Although more than 90% of the respondents were not susceptible to an ED, there are still FS-As who may be. Athletic departments should evaluate their FS-As' levels of self-concept so that their susceptibility to EDs can be addressed. The emotional aspect of health care should be included in providing holistic care for student–athletes. Athletic trainers often are the primary health care providers for FS-As, so they should be made aware of this concern.

Body image and eating disorders are common in professional and amateur athletes using performance and image-enhancing drugs (pieds). A cross-sectional study

2016 ◽  
Vol 33 (S1) ◽  
pp. S144-S144
Author(s):  
D. Piacentino ◽  
L. Longo ◽  
A. Pavan ◽  
S. Ferracuti ◽  
R. Brugnoli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Eating Disorders ◽  
Body Image ◽  
Body Dysmorphic Disorder ◽  
The Body ◽  
Activity Levels ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Amateur Athletes ◽  
Image Enhancing ◽  
Psychopathological Disorders

IntroductionThe use of Performance and Image-Enhancing Drugs (PIEDs) is on the increase and appears to be associated with several psychopathological disorders, whose prevalence in unclear.Objectives/AimsWe aimed to evaluate the differences–if any–in the prevalence of body image disorders (BIDs) and eating disorders (EDs) in PIEDs users athletes vs. PIEDs nonusers ones.MethodsWe enrolled 84 consecutive professional and amateur athletes (35.8% females; age range = 18–50), training in several sports centers in Italy. They underwent structured interviews (SCID I/SCID II) and completed the Body Image Concern Inventory (BICI) and the Sick, Control, One, Fat, Food Eating Disorder Screening Test (SCOFF). Mann-Whitney U test and Fisher's exact test were used for comparisons.ResultsOf the 84 athletes, 18 (21.4%) used PIEDs. The most common PIEDs were anabolic androgenic steroids, amphetamine-like substances, cathinones, ephedrine, and caffeine derivatives (e.g. guarana). The two groups did not differ in socio-demographic characteristics, but differed in anamnestic and psychopathological ones, with PIEDs users athletes being characterized by significantly (P-values < 0.05) higher physical activity levels, consuming more coffee, cigarettes, and psychotropic medications (e.g. benzodiazepines) per day, presenting more SCID diagnoses of psychiatric disorders, especially Substance Use Disorders, Eating Disorders, Body Dysmorphic Disorder (BDD), and General Anxiety Disorders, showing higher BICI scores, which indicate a higher risk of BDD, and higher SCOFF scores, which suggest a higher risk of BIDs and EDs.ConclusionsIn PIEDs users athletes body image and eating disorders, and more in general psychopathological disorders, are more common than in PIEDs nonusers athletes.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.

scholarly journals Body image in women participants of strength training: association with sociodemographic factors and practice time

2018 ◽  
Vol 23 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Manoela Vieira Sousa ◽  
Cilene Rebolho Martins ◽  
Morgana Lunardi ◽  
Grazieli Maria Biduski ◽  
Elisa Pinheiro Ferrari ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Image ◽  
Strength Training ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
Well Being ◽  
The Body ◽  
The Other ◽  
Adult Women ◽  
Significance Level ◽  
Practice Time

In Brazil, the evidence indicates a high prevalence of dissatisfaction with body image (BI) among adult women. Studies show that gym goers have characteristics that differ from other populations. Specifically, women who practice strength training (ST) exhibit intense concern about well-being, which presents as strong self-criticism of the body. This group of women are typically in search for an ideal body pattern stipulated by society. e purpose of the present study was to identify in the women the perception with BI, classify then as satisfied or dissatisfied, and association this information whit age group, anthropometric indicators (body mass index and perimeter of waist), and variables related to the practice of ST (purpose and time of the practice). The sample group consisted of 77 women aged 20 to 54 years (29.83 ± 9.75) who practiced ST. For the assessment of BI, the Body Shape Questionnaire (BSQ) was used in addition to a questionnaire around the other variables. A descriptive analysis was used, chi-squared test and Fisher’s Exact test were adopted at a significance level of 5%. The results demonstrated that among all participants, 87.0% were satisfaction with BI. It was found association direct with the dissatisfaction of BI with the purpose of the practice of ST (p = 0.031) and with the practice time (p = 0.030). Were found, in which the women less satisfied with their BI were those who trained for body mass control and practiced ST for more than 6 months. The other variables did not show significant associations with BI. It is concluded that the women who practice ST have shown a positive perception regarding their body image, associated to the objective and the time of the practice.

scholarly journals Characteristics of body image as a structural component of subjective well-being

2021 ◽  
Vol 273 ◽  
pp. 10021
Author(s):  
Anna Danilova
Keyword(s):  
Body Image ◽  
Structural Component ◽  
Rank Order ◽  
Great Influence ◽  
Well Being ◽  
The Body ◽  
Subjective Perception ◽  
Subjective Well Being ◽  
Structural Components ◽  
The Subject

There have been many foreign studies verifying a robust link between body image and a person's subjective well-being. However, unlike their foreign counterparts, Russian researchers have been limiting themselves to covering general questions pertaining to a relation between a person’s well-being and their body image. Thus, the coverage for the body image as a structural component of subjective well-being has been insufficient. The present study appears relevant given the need for a deeper understanding of mechanisms that maintain mental health in adolescent girls and the need for a deeper understanding of factors contributing to the formation of their subjective well-being. In the context of this paper we view the body image as a key component of a person’s well-being. The present study surveyed female students of the Philological Faculty of the Peoples' Friendship University of Russia (RUDN). The sample included 100 (N=100) participants aged from 18 to 22 years, with the average age being 22. We analyzed and compiled the theoretical studies on the subject of subjective well-being (SWB) and body image as well as their correlation, by both foreign and Russian researchers. We also compiled some empirical data on the subject of body image as a component of a person’s well-being. Statistical methods such as the Spearman’s rank-order correlation analysis and factor analysis were employed. The data suggested that the subjective perception of one’s body image had a great influence on various structural components of one’s personality.

scholarly journals Advancing the Health of Migrant and Seasonal Farmworkers in the United States: Identifying Gaps in the Existing Literature, 2021

2021 ◽  
pp. 152483992110333
Author(s):  
Jamie E. Bloss ◽  
Catherine E. LePrevost ◽  
Abdul G. Zahra ◽  
Gina C. Firnhaber ◽  
Leslie E. Cofie ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Promotion ◽  
Health Workers ◽  
Small Body ◽  
Well Being ◽  
The United States ◽  
Special Populations ◽  
Use Of Technology ◽  
Seasonal Farmworkers ◽  
Mapping Review ◽  
Health Promotion Interventions

There are profound health inequities for agricultural workers. We sought to assess the literature on migrant and seasonal farmworker health with an eye toward health promotion interventions, special populations, use of community health workers (CHWs), and technology. We conducted a systematic mapping review by searching five databases in March 2021. Using quantitative content analysis after establishing interrater reliability, we coded titles and abstracts to assess 13 topics and six characteristics of the research such as its focus on health promotion, use of technology, and inclusion of CHWs. We identified 1,083 records. Just 8.2% of records described or evaluated a health promotion effort to intervene in farmworker well-being and even fewer (4.2%) examined unique populations of farmworkers such as indigenous farmworkers ( n = 11) or sexual minority farmworkers ( n = 1). A small body of literature focused on the role of CHWs or promotores most frequently described their role in implementing health interventions. The literature on farmworker health has gaps regarding health promotion interventions, special populations, and integration of CHWs into research projects. We offer suggestions to fill in identified gaps in the literature.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document