Other Yersinia infections: Yersiniosis

2020 ◽  
pp. 1086-1088
Author(s):  
Michael Prentice
Keyword(s):  
Abdominal Pain ◽  
Yersinia Pseudotuberculosis ◽  
Systemic Infection ◽  
Late Complications ◽  
Food Hygiene ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Focal Infection ◽  
Patients With Diabetes ◽  
Contaminated Food ◽  
Gram Negative Organisms

Yersiniosis is caused by the enteropathogenic Gram-negative organisms Yersinia enterocolitica and Yersinia pseudotuberculosis, which are worldwide zoonotic pathogens. Disease is acquired by consumption of contaminated food or water and is commonest in childhood, and in colder climates. Presentation is with diarrhoea, fever, and abdominal pain, which may mimic appendicitis. Late complications include reactive arthritis, erythema nodosum, and erythema multiforme. Systemic infection is more likely with Y. pseudotuberculosis and a subgroup of Y. enterocolitica, and also in patients with diabetes or iron overload. Diagnosis is by culture of the organism or convalescent serology. Most cases of enteritis are self-limiting and antimicrobials are not indicated, but septicaemia or focal infection outside the gastrointestinal tract requires antibiotics (usually cefotaxime, ceftriaxone, or ciprofloxacin). Prevention is by standard food hygiene precautions.

Other Yersinia infections: yersiniosis

2010 ◽  
pp. 776-777
Author(s):  
Michael B. Prentice
Keyword(s):  
Abdominal Pain ◽  
Yersinia Enterocolitica ◽  
Erythema Multiforme ◽  
Reactive Arthritis ◽  
Yersinia Pseudotuberculosis ◽  
Systemic Infection ◽  
Late Complications ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Contaminated Food ◽  
Gram Negative Organisms

Yersiniosis is caused by the enteropathogenic Gram-negative organisms Yersinia enterocolitica and Yersinia pseudotuberculosis, which are worldwide zoonotic pathogens. Disease is acquired by consumption of contaminated food or water and is commonest in childhood, and in colder climates. Presentation is with diarrhoea, fever and abdominal pain, which may mimic appendicitis. Late complications include reactive arthritis, erythema nodosum, and erythema multiforme. Systemic infection is more likely with ...

scholarly journals Frequency and Antimicrobial Susceptibility of Bacterial Agents Causing Peritoneal Dialysis-Related Peritonitis: A Two-Center Experience

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Fariba Shirvani ◽  
Nakysa Hooman ◽  
Abdollah Karimi ◽  
Shahnaz Armin ◽  
Alireza Fahimzad ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Abdominal Pain ◽  
Peritoneal Dialysis ◽  
Therapeutic Option ◽  
Intraperitoneal Administration ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Empiric Therapy ◽  
Fungal Peritonitis ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Oxacillin Resistance ◽  
Gram Negative Organisms

Background: Peritonitis remains a significant complication of peritoneal dialysis (PD) in children. Objectives: The current study aimed to evaluate the causative agents of PD-related peritonitis in pediatric patients treated by continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD) in order to provide evidence for improving the empirical treatment of PD-related peritonitis and avoid antimicrobial resistance. Methods: The medical records of children diagnosed with PD-related peritonitis hospitalized at Mofid and Ali-Asghar Children’s Hospitals from January 2018 to December 2019 were retrospectively reviewed. Cases of relapsing peritonitis and fungal peritonitis were excluded. Data on demographics, clinical manifestations, para-clinical evaluations, peritoneal fluid culture and antibiogram, and antibiotic regimen were analyzed. Results: A total of 23 CAPD children aged 1 - 17 years were hospitalized with a confirmed diagnosis of PD-related peritonitis, accounting for a total of 27 peritonitis cases. The most frequent manifestation of peritonitis was cloudy dialysate (85.2%), followed by abdominal pain (59.3%). Gram-negative organisms were isolated in 48.1% of cases, and 4 cases had negative cultures. The frequency of antibiotic prescription within 14 days of admission was significantly higher in culture-negative cases (P = 0.002), and abdominal pain was more prevalent in Gram-negative peritonitis (P = 0.004). All Gram-negative organisms were sensitive to ceftazidime and imipenem; while 61.6% of them were sensitive to gentamycin. All Gram-positive organisms were sensitive to cefazolin, and vancomycin was effective against all Staphylococcus strains. Oxacillin resistance was reported in 50% of Staphylococcus strains. Conclusions: PD-related peritonitis should be suspected even in cases with clear dialysis effluent who present with other manifestations of peritonitis such as fever or abdominal pain. Moreover, intraperitoneal administration of a first-generation cephalosporin (cefazolin) combined with ceftazidime was an appropriate therapeutic option for empiric therapy.

Peritonitis in Children With Nephrotic Syndrome

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1988 ◽  
Vol 81 (6) ◽  
pp. 849-856
Author(s):  
Margaret J. Gorensek ◽  
Marc H. Lebel ◽  
John D. Nelson
Keyword(s):  
Nephrotic Syndrome ◽  
Abdominal Pain ◽  
Recent Trend ◽  
Medical Center ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Rebound Tenderness ◽  
Primary Peritonitis ◽  
Negative Culture ◽  
Gram Negative Organisms ◽  
Nephrotic Children

In a retrospective review of 214 children with nephrotic syndrome seen at Children's Medical Center and Parkland Memorial Hospital in Dallas throughout the 20-year period from 1967 to 1986, 62 cases of primary peritonitis were identified in 37 patients (17.3% rate). Streptococcus pneumoniae was the major pathogen, accounting for 38% of the cases. An additional 27% of patients had negative culture results but were clinically responsive to penicillin. Gram-negative organisms were cultured from only 3% of patients; 5% were caused by α-streptococci and 2% each by enterococcus and anaerobes. In 23% of cases the cause was unknown. Our findings differ from the recent trend in the literature in which Gram-negative organisms associated with these infections are increasingly implicated. The incidence and bacteriology of peritonitis do not appear to have changed significantly during the 20-year period. Clinically, peritonitis was characterized by abdominal pain (98%), fever (95%), rebound tenderness (85%), and nausea and vomiting (71%). A total of 79% of patients were either in relapse or receiving steroid therapy at the time peritonitis was diagnosed; 13% had infiltrates visible on their chest radiographs. Based on our data, it seems reasonable to initiate antimicrobial therapy in nephrotic children with suspected peritonitis using a combination of penicillin plus either an aminoglycoside or a cephalosporin. This regimen should continue until culture results are available, unless Gram-positive diplococci are identified in a Gram-stained specimen of peritoneal fluid, in which case penicillin alone should suffice.

Gram-negative Bacteremia in Four Patients With Klippel-Trenaunay-Weber Syndrome

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1996 ◽  
Vol 97 (5) ◽  
pp. 739-741
Author(s):  
Lynne M. Bird ◽  
Marilyn C. Jones ◽  
Nathan Kuppermann ◽  
W. Charles Huskins
Keyword(s):  
Soft Tissues ◽  
Systemic Infection ◽  
Invasive Infection ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Weber Syndrome ◽  
Gram Negative Bacteremia ◽  
Life Threatening ◽  
Life Threatening Complication ◽  
Gram Negative Organisms ◽  
Congenital Malformation Syndrome

Klippel-Trenaunay-Weber syndrome (KTWS) is a sporadically occurring congenital malformation syndrome consisting of hemangiomata, venous varicosities, and hypertrophy of soft tissues and/or overgrowth of bone.1-3 Although the list of potential complications is long, KTWS is generally a nonprogressive condition. The problems, which include edema, stasis dermatitis, skin ulceration, cellulitis, anemia, thrombosis, phleboliths, phlebitis, bone and joint abnormalities, scoliosis, and paresthesias, tend to be chronic in nature.4 Recognized life-threatening complications include disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC)5 and gastrointestinal bleeding as a result of hemangiomata in the intestine.6,7 Systemic infection has not been reported as a major cause of morbidity and mortality. The purpose of this report is to present 4 patients with KTWS who had invasive infection with gram-negative organisms to document another life-threatening complication of this syndrome.

scholarly journals An outbreak of Yersinia pseudotuberculosis infection in a small indoor breeding colony of red-bellied (Saguinus labiatus) tamarins

1983 ◽  
Vol 17 (4) ◽  
pp. 311-320 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. F. Taffs ◽  
Glynis Dunn
Keyword(s):  
Lymph Nodes ◽  
Yersinia Pseudotuberculosis ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Mesenteric Lymph Nodes ◽  
Breeding Colony ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Source Of Infection ◽  
Mesenteric Lymph ◽  
Contaminated Food ◽  
Saguinus Labiatus

A spontaneous outbreak of yersiniosis caused by Yersinia pseudotuberculosis serotype IIB occurred in a small indoor breeding colony of red-bellied tamarins ( Saguinus labiatus) during the winter of 1981. Of 3S monkeys at risk 6 died of an acute or subacute infection over a period of 23 days. Clinical signs were anorexia, weakness, listlessness and depression. The disease was characterized by focal necrosis of the liver, spleen, mesenteric lymph nodes, ulcerative enteritis, and the presence of colonies of Gram-negative bacilli in the lesions. Y. pseudotuberculosis was isolated from the liver, spleen, mesenteric lymph nodes and kidney but not from the blood, lung or intestine. Contaminated food was believed to be the source of infection.

scholarly journals Uncovering the hidden antibiotic potential of Cannabis

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maya A. Farha ◽  
Omar M. El-Halfawy ◽  
Robert T. Gale ◽  
Craig R. MacNair ◽  
Lindsey A. Carfrae ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cannabis Sativa ◽  
Therapeutic Potential ◽  
Systemic Infection ◽  
Polymyxin B ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Infection Model ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Gram Positive Bacteria ◽  
Gram Negative Organisms

AbstractThe spread of antimicrobial resistance continues to be a priority health concern worldwide, necessitating exploration of alternative therapies. Cannabis sativa has long been known to contain antibacterial cannabinoids, but their potential to address antibiotic resistance has only been superficially investigated. Here, we show that cannabinoids exhibit antibacterial activity against MRSA, inhibit its ability to form biofilms and eradicate pre-formed biofilms and stationary phase cells persistent to antibiotics. We show that the mechanism of action of cannabigerol is through targeting the cytoplasmic membrane of Gram-positive bacteria and demonstrate in vivo efficacy of cannabigerol in a murine systemic infection model caused by MRSA. We also show that cannabinoids are effective against Gram-negative organisms whose outer membrane is permeabilized, where cannabigerol acts on the inner membrane. Finally, we demonstrate that cannabinoids work in combination with polymyxin B against multi-drug resistant Gram-negative pathogens, revealing the broad-spectrum therapeutic potential for cannabinoids.

scholarly journals Salmonella entericaSerotype Typhi Bacteremia Complicating Pregnancy in the Third Trimester

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-3 ◽  
Author(s):  
George F. Guirguis ◽  
Krunal Patel ◽  
Lisa Gittens-Williams ◽  
Joseph J. Apuzzio ◽  
Kristina Martimucci ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Abdominal Pain ◽  
Salmonella Enterica ◽  
Liver Enzymes ◽  
Abdominal Discomfort ◽  
Third Trimester ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
The Third ◽  
Elevated Liver Enzymes ◽  
Contaminated Food ◽  
In Pregnancy

Background.Salmonella entericaserotype Typhi (S.Typhi) is an anaerobic gram-negative enteric rod that causes infection when contaminated food or water is ingested and may cause illness in pregnancy.Case. This is a patient who presented at 31 weeks’ gestation with abdominal pain and fever and was diagnosed withS.Typhi bacteremia.Conclusion.S. Typhi should be considered in febrile patients with recent travel presenting with abdominal discomfort with or without elevated liver enzymes.

scholarly journals Yersinia pseudotuberculosis: an unexpected cause of fever and a hot joint

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. e233125
Author(s):  
Emily Martyn ◽  
Jack Heward ◽  
Rachel Herbert
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Liver Cirrhosis ◽  
Septic Arthritis ◽  
Yersinia Pseudotuberculosis ◽  
Blood Cultures ◽  
Pcr Analysis ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Contaminated Food ◽  
History Of ◽  
Or History

Yersinia pseudotuberculosis is a Gram-negative zoonosis which occasionally infects humans via ingestion of contaminated food and water, and typically causes a self-limiting gastrointestinal tract infection. Patients who are immunocompromised, have haemochromatosis or liver cirrhosis are more likely to develop serious complications such as bacteraemia. We present the case of a 76-year-old man with fever and an acutely tender, swollen right knee. Blood cultures were positive for Y. pseudotuberculosis, and 16s ribosomal PCR analysis of his knee aspirate confirmed septic arthritis. He was treated with intravenous ceftriaxone and made an excellent recovery following knee washout. Interestingly, our patient did not have any of the classic risk factors described in the literature, or history of exposure to the pathogen to explain his diagnosis. To our knowledge, this is only the second confirmed case of Y. pseudotuberculosis bacteraemia with septic arthritis, and the first to involve the knee joint.

scholarly journals In Vivo Activity and Pharmacokinetic Evaluation of a Novel Long-Acting Carbapenem Antibiotic, MK-826 (L-749,345)

1998 ◽  
Vol 42 (8) ◽  
pp. 1996-2001 ◽  
Author(s):  
Charles J. Gill ◽  
Jesse J. Jackson ◽  
Lynn S. Gerckens ◽  
Barbara A. Pelak ◽  
Randall K. Thompson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Broad Spectrum ◽  
Half Life ◽  
Area Under The Curve ◽  
Systemic Infection ◽  
Infection Model ◽  
Urinary Recovery ◽  
Gram Positive ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Gram Negative Organisms

ABSTRACT MK-826 (formerly L-749,345), is a potent 1-β-methyl carbapenem with a long half-life and broad spectrum of activity. This compound is presently in phase-II clinical trials. Its activity against a number of gram-positive and gram-negative organisms was compared to those of imipenem (IPM) and eight other β-lactam agents in two in vivo murine infection models. The distribution in tissue and pharmacokinetic properties of MK-826 and ceftriaxone (CTRX) were also evaluated in CD-1 mice following a single intraperitoneal dose (10 mg/kg of body weight). In addition, concentrations in plasma as well as biliary and urinary recovery of MK-826 were compared to that of CTRX in a cannulated rat model. In a localized murine thigh infection model, MK-826 and IPM were superior to a variety of β-lactam antibiotics in reduction ofStaphylococcus aureus CFU compared with results from nontreated controls (eliminating ≥4 log10 CFU). Similar activities of IPM and MK-826 were observed in a gram-positive bacterial murine systemic infection model. While IPM demonstrated greater efficacy than MK-826 against Enterobacter cloacae (50% effective doses [ED50s] of 0.062 and 0.227 mg/kg, respectively) and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (ED50s of 0.142 and 3.0 mg/kg, respectively) systemic infections, MK-826 was 8- to 350-fold more efficacious than IPM against all other gram-negative organisms in this infection model. In mice, MK-826 demonstrated a higher peak concentration in serum (62.8 versus 42.6 μg/ml) and a larger area under the curve (AUC) (150.8 versus 90.0 μg · hr/ml) than CTRX. The concentrations of MK-826 and CTRX in serum declined slowly, with levels of 3.6 and 2.0 μg/ml remaining, respectively, at 6 h posttreatment. The rat pharmacokinetic model showed the average AUC of MK-826 to be greater than that of CTRX (284 versus 142 μg · hr/ml) following a single 10-mg/kg dose. Also, a half-life of MK-826 longer than that of CTRX (3.2 versus 2.3 h) was observed in this species. The total amount of drug excreted in the bile in 8 h was greater for CTRX (55 to 64% of the dose) than for MK-826 (6 to 12.5% of the dose). Urinary recovery was similar for both antibiotics, with 16 to 18% of the dose recovered over an 8-h period. This excellent broad-spectrum in vivo efficacy of MK-826, together with advantageous pharmacokinetics, supports the argument for its further clinical development.

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