Collecting information

Author(s):  
Alan J. Silman ◽  
Gary J. Macfarlane ◽  
Tatiana Macfarlane

Collecting accurate and comprehensive information both direct from the participants, or indirectly from records or other data is one of the major challenges to a successful epidemiological study. Epidemiological information comes from a variety of sources. These may be conveniently divided into those that are available from previously documented data and those that require the gathering of new information. Examples of the former include extracting information about individuals from their medical records, occupational records, and similar data sources. Design and choice of delivery of patient data capture forms by direct interview or telephone, by post, email, or other electronic means all require considerable thought and pilot testing. Attention to the specific wording of certain questions is crucial. This chapter therefore focuses on the issues surrounding the collection of information that otherwise would not be available: primary data collection.

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 59
Author(s):  
Susanti Krismon ◽  
Syukri Iska

This article discusses the implementation of wages in agriculture in Nagari Bukit Kandung Subdistrict X Koto Atas, Solok Regency in a review of muamalah fiqh. The type of research is field research (field research). The data sources consist of primary data sources, namely from farmers and farm laborers who were carried out to 8 people and 4 farm workers, while the secondary data were obtained from documents in the form of the Bukit Kandung Nagari Profile that were related to this research, which could provide information or data. Addition to strengthen the primary data. Data collection techniques that the author uses are observation, interviews and documentation. The data processing that the author uses is qualitative. Based on the results of this study, the implementation of wages in agriculture carried out in Nagari Bukit Kandung District X Koto Diatas Solok Regency is farm laborers who ask for their wages to be given in advance before they carry out their work without an agreement to give their wages at the beginning. Because farm laborers ask for their wages to be given at the beginning, many farm workers work not as expected by farmers and there are also farm workers who are not on time to do the work that should be done. According to the muamalah fiqh review, the implementation of wages in agriculture in Nagari Bukit Kandung is not allowed because there is an element of gharar in the contract and there are parties who are disadvantaged in the contract, namely the owner of the fields.


Author(s):  
Alan J. Silman ◽  
Gary J. Macfarlane ◽  
Tatiana Macfarlane

Primary data collection is challenging and with increasing electronic data capture in routine healthcare and other aspects of life, it is possible to address several epidemiological questions by robust analysis of such ‘secondary data’. There are considerable advantages in terms of scope, size, and speed of study to be balanced against the quality and depth of using primary data. Even when such direct contact is not required, there is often the need to extract necessary information from individual subject records such as medical files. There is often no alternative source of information, although the greater digitization of information is changing that scenario with the potential that the availability of such information might preclude the need for primary data.


2016 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 92
Author(s):  
I Gusti Ngurah Fredi Firawan ◽  
Ida Bagus Suryawan

Nungnung Waterfal is located in Pelaga Village, Petang District, Badung Regency. Nungnung Waterfal have several potentials that can be developed into a natural taourist attraction. It is the researchers wanted to know the potential of what is owned by NungnungWaterfall that can be developed into a tourist attraction. Types of data and data sources used are the data Qualitative, Quantitatif, primary data and secondary data. Collection data by Observasi, interviews, library, and using purpose sampling method, data analytic method using qualitative descriptive that applies the facts found in the field. Nungnung Waterfallhas the potential of natural and artificial potential that could be developed into a tourist attraction. Natural potential possessed NungnungWaterfallis landscapes, mountains, waterfalls, and forests. As for the potential of artificial owned by Nungnung Waterfallnamely supporting facilities including a gazebo for resting place for tourists and take pictures in the area of Nungnung Waterfall.


2020 ◽  
Vol 26 (4) ◽  
pp. 391-394 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yvette Holder

More than a half-century of developments have expanded the demand for data for the prevention of injuries. This article follows the progress as data collection becomes more comprehensive, encompassing all types of injuries, in a wide range of economic and cultural environments. It describes the challenges of new developments and the responses to deal with them, challenges of poor coordination of data sources, sector ownership, non-uniformity and missing data elements that are critical for prevention. The tools and approaches that may be employed are outlined, from observatories to surveillance systems, from standardised injury coding systems such as the International Classification of External Cause of Injuries to manuals and guidelines for collecting injury data through surveillance and surveys. More and better data encourages greater utilisation which in turn identifies new issues to be addressed, a most exciting situation for any injury practitioner.


Author(s):  
Ni Putu Sri Prajayanti ◽  
◽  
I M Sudana ◽  
I G M Karma ◽  
◽  
...  

This research aims to determine the marketing strategy that must be taken from the results of the SWOT analysis at the b Hotel Bali & Spa Denpasar. This study uses primary data sources and secondary data sources with data collection methods through interviews, observation and questionnaires. The analysis technique used is a qualitative descriptive analysis technique, namely the SWOT analysis technique which explains, first, the data collection stage at the Bali Hotel & Spa Denpasar regarding the identification of internal and external factors in the form of strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats, the second is the analysis stage, and third namely the stage of decision making to determine the strategy to be taken by the company. The research results from the SWOT analysis show that the company is in quadrant I, where it shows a problem regarding for the strength to see opportunities where the strategy taken is the SO strategy used to be applied in developing strategies that can be suggested at management b Hotel Bali & Spa Denpasar, to can improve the progress of the hotel going forward.


Author(s):  
Jessica Ratna Subandi ◽  
Sautma Ronni Basana

This study aims to prove the effect of salience and disposition on investors' investment decisions in Surabaya. In addition, this study also seeks to see the effect of salience and disposition effect on investment decisions with the type of investor as a moderating variable. This type of research is quantitative research with associative methods and primary data sources. The data collection technique used a questionnaire. The data that has been collected is then processed using Partial Least Squares (PLS). The results showed that the salience and disposition effect had a significant influence on investment decisions. In addition, the types of investors weaken the relationship between the salience and disposition effect on investment decisions.


Author(s):  
Sudarmiani, Waini Astuti

<p><em>This study aims to determine the implementation of the UPPKS program, the role of UPPKS cadres, the supporting components of the UPPKS program and obstacles in family economic empowerment activities through the UPPKS program in Sukorejo Village, Saradan, Madiun. The type of research used is descriptive qualitative with a case study approach. Data sources used are primary data and secondary data. Data collection is done by observation, interviews and documentation. The validity of the data uses source triangulation. The results show, (1) The implementation of family economic empowerment through the UPPKS program in Sukorejo Village runs quite well in savings and loan activities. (2) The role of UPPKS cadres in Sukorejo Village is as facilitators in conveying what their members want to the UPPKS program organizers. (3) Supporting components in the implementation of UPPKS activities in Sukorejo Village are Village Village, Saradan PLKB, and BKKBN. (4) Obstacles in the process of family economic empowerment through the UPPKS program in Sukorejo Village, namely the existence of members who are less active in the activities of UPPKS groups and members who move domiciles, so that UPPKS members are reduced.</em></p>


2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 88-96
Author(s):  
Sitti Husna Noviana Djou ◽  
Imam Mashudi

The purpose of this study is: 1) to find out and analyze how the implementation of employee performance appraisal at the Bina Mandiri Gorontalo Foundation; 2) to find out what factors are hampering the implementation of employee performance appraisal at the Bina Mandiri Gorontalo Foundation. This research uses a qualitative approach and the type of research used is descriptive qualitative. Data sources used are primary data sources and secondary data sources. Data collection techniques used are observation, interviews, and documentation. Data analysis techniques used: data collection, data reduction, data presentation, and concluding. The result of the research shows that the implementation of employee performance appraisal at the Bina Mandiri Gorontalo Foundation based on 7 (seven) performance evaluation indicators can be said to be not yet fully appropriate. Three categorized indicators are by performance appraisal, namely obedience, honesty, and cooperation. Meanwhile, the indicators of leadership, responsibility, and achievement are not appropriate because in the performance evaluation that indicators still less influential. And, the initiative is categorized as inappropriate because in the performance evaluation it does not become a benchmark in performance appraisal. The factors that hampered the implementation of performance appraisal at the Bina Mandiri Gorontalo Foundation were seen from seven factors. Based on the results of the research five factors hinder the performance evaluation, are lack of objectivity, halo effect, Leniency, Strictness, and Personal Prejudices. While the other two factors, i.e. Central Tendency and Recent Behavior Bias is inappropriate because these two factors did not hamper the implementation of performance appraisal at the Bina Mandiri Gorontalo Foundation.  


2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 69
Author(s):  
Siti Sopiah

Learning the art of calligraphy based on chemical experiments is an activity of learning the art of calligraphy in developing the potential of students to foster creativity, instill value, and develop productive abilities by using harmless materials, namely using colored plants. The purpose of this research was to determine the process and to obtain calligraphy work in learning the art of calligraphy based on chemical experiments. The type of method used in this research is field qualitative research. The data sources in this study were divided into two: first, primary data sources consisting of the principal, educators, and students of SDN 8 Kawunglarang Rancah; second, secondary data sources obtained through tracing of various references. Furthermore, the data collection instruments used were observation, interviews, and documentation, as well as the data analysis techniques used, namely through three stages including data reduction, data presentation, and drawing conclusions. The results of this study indicate that the process of learning the art of calligraphy based on chemical experiments includes the planning, implementation, and evaluation stages. The work of SDN 8 Kawunglarang students is still in the basic stages so there are several mistakes in its making.


Author(s):  
Yulia Rahmah

The phenomenon of differences in Qur’anic reading based on seven qira’ah is one of the internalising factors of the Quraa Ulama with geographical backgrounds and languages diversity which are generated in a unified sociolinguistic discipline. The diversity in qira’ah raises its own problems and attracts observers of Arabic who criticize each other. One of them is in the aspect of reading variety of Surah Al-fatihah. This study aims to analyze and describe the views of the previous Al-Lughah Ulama on the differences in qira’ah sab'ah in Surah Al-Fathihah. In its implementation, the researcher used qualitative approach with content analysis, while the data collection techniques were carried out through primary data sources related to qira'ah sab'ah and Sociolinguistics. The results showed that the formation of two rational views of Ulama Al-lughah; manhaj Mutasahhil (tolerant) and manhaj Mutasyaddid (extreme) in response to the variety in reading of qira’ah sab'ah in Surah Alfathihah found on the fourth, sixth, and seventh verses. But Manhaj Mutasyddid put more emphasis on the seventh verse (إهدنا الصراط المستقيم) with the letter "Shad" as a language that is covenient and fusha compared to reading with the letter "Sa".


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