Child health

2021 ◽  
pp. 431-452
Author(s):  
Tyler Vaivada ◽  
Amira Khan ◽  
Omar Irfan ◽  
Zulfiqar A. Bhutta
Keyword(s):  
Health Status ◽  
Child Health ◽  
Nutritional Status ◽  
Child Mortality ◽  
Growth And Development ◽  
Significant Proportion ◽  
Child Growth ◽  
Health Interventions ◽  
Complex Technology ◽  
Highly Correlated

This chapter focuses on the health status of children, particularly those less than 5 years of age. The global mortality burden among this group still remains unacceptably high and progress in reducing it remains unequal across countries and regions. Most children suffer and die from a small number of conditions—the main causes of morbidity are highly correlated with the major causes of death. Likewise, nutritional status, child growth, and development are intertwined. Strikingly, even in the poorest settings, a significant proportion of these outcomes could be prevented with a few interventions that are well known, feasible, deliverable without complex technology, and affordable. Strengthening the health system and integrating interventions into packages of care that can be delivered during pregnancy, childbirth, the neonatal period, and childhood at all levels—from home to hospital—will be key to increasing the coverage of health interventions and in further reducing child mortality.

scholarly journals Impact of migration on child health in urban India: Evidence from NFHS-3

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Raj Narayan ◽  
Aditya Singh
Keyword(s):  
Health Status ◽  
Child Health ◽  
Nutritional Status ◽  
Small Sample ◽  
Migrant Children ◽  
Water Type ◽  
Indian States ◽  
Cooking Fuel ◽  
Urban India

Using data from the third round of National Family Health Survey (NFHS, 2005-06), the present study examined the effect of quality of housing on the risk of anthropometric failure and child health status among migrant and non-migrant children in urban India. It is very urgent to from the policy and program perspective to understand whether source of safe drinking water, type of toilet facilities, and type of housing and cooking fuel really make a difference when it comes to the health and nutritional status of Indian children, particularly the urban poor. The main findings from the present studies indicate the poor nutritional and health status of migrant and non-migrant children in urban India. There were also large interstate disparities in anthropometric failures and ARI & diarrhea among migrant and non-migrant children across various Indian states. Result from the multivariate analysis suggest that poor source of sanitation facilities and poor quality of housing significantly raised the risk of stunting and diarrhea, whereas use of safe cooking fuel reduces the likelihood of ARI among children in urban India. However, we do not find any significant effect of quality of housing on the risk of underweight and wasting. Furthermore, few of the findings from the analysis appear in opposite directions that should be interpreted with caution which might be possible due to small sample size in few categories. Therefore, we need further in-depth research at micro-level to explore the plausible mechanism of how does housing quality influence child health and nutritional status in urban India.

scholarly journals Women, children and adolescents in conflict countries: an assessment of inequalities in intervention coverage and survival

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. e002214 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nadia Akseer ◽  
James Wright ◽  
Hana Tasic ◽  
Karl Everett ◽  
Elaine Scudder ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Maternal Health ◽  
Child Health ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Child Mortality ◽  
Breast Feeding ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Mortality Rates ◽  
Health Interventions ◽  
Data Set ◽  
And Child Health

IntroductionConflict adversely impacts health and health systems, yet its effect on health inequalities, particularly for women and children, has not been systematically studied. We examined wealth, education and urban/rural residence inequalities for child mortality and essential reproductive, maternal, newborn and child health interventions between conflict and non-conflict low-income and middle-income countries (LMICs).MethodsWe carried out a time-series multicountry ecological study using data for 137 LMICs between 1990 and 2017, as defined by the 2019 World Bank classification. The data set covers approximately 3.8 million surveyed mothers (15–49 years) and 1.1 million children under 5 years including newborns (<1 month), young children (1–59 months) and school-aged children and adolescents (5–14 years). Outcomes include annual maternal and child mortality rates and coverage (%) of family planning services, 1+antenatal care visit, skilled attendant at birth (SBA), exclusive breast feeding (0–5 months), early initiation of breast feeding (within 1 hour), neonatal protection against tetanus, newborn postnatal care within 2 days, 3 doses of diphtheria, pertussis and tetanus vaccine, measles vaccination, and careseeking for pneumonia and diarrhoea.ResultsConflict countries had consistently higher maternal and child mortality rates than non-conflict countries since 1990 and these gaps persist despite rates continually declining for both groups. Access to essential reproductive and maternal health services for poorer, less educated and rural-based families was several folds worse in conflict versus non-conflict countries.ConclusionsInequalities in coverage of reproductive/maternal health and child vaccine interventions are significantly worse in conflict-affected countries. Efforts to protect maternal and child health interventions in conflict settings should target the most disadvantaged families including the poorest, least educated and those living in rural areas.

scholarly journals Caderneta de saúde da criança: vigilância do crescimento e desenvolvimento infantil

2018 ◽  
Vol 12 (12) ◽  
pp. 3445
Author(s):  
Talita Cristina Tomaz Silva ◽  
Emília Gallindo Cursino ◽  
Liliane Faria Da Silva
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Primary Health Care ◽  
Child Health ◽  
Growth And Development ◽  
Scientific Evidence ◽  
Child Growth ◽  
Personal Health Records ◽  
Personal Health ◽  
Health Records ◽  
Primary Health

RESUMOObjetivo: analisar as evidências científicas quanto à utilização da Caderneta de Saúde da Criança pelos profissionais de saúde para a vigilância do crescimento e desenvolvimento infantil. Método: trata-se um estudo bibliográfico, tipo revisão integrativa, com buscas nas bases de dados LILACS e BDENF e na biblioteca virtual SCIELO, utilizando os Descritores em Ciências da Saúde; crescimento e desenvolvimento, atenção primária à saúde e registros de saúde pessoal, que foram cruzados com o descritor criança empregando-se o operador booleano and. Selecionaram-se 15 artigos publicados entre 2014 a 2018 e os resultados apresentam-se em forma de figura. Resultados: evidenciou-se, nos estudos, a precária utilização da CSC, que está relacionada à ausência e à fragilidade de registros, à dificuldade de os profissionais perceberem a relevância do preenchimento, ao conhecimento deficiente dos profissionais, à insuficiência de orientações às famílias, além da participação da família nesse processo. Conclusão: compromete-se, pela precariedade da utilização da CSC, a vigilância da saúde infantil por ser este o instrumento essencial para o acompanhamento do crescimento e do desenvolvimento da criança. Descritores: Crescimento e Desenvolvimento; Atenção Primária à Saúde; Registros de Saúde Pessoal; Criança; Atenção Integral à Saúde; Saúde da Criança.ABSTRACT Objective: to analyze the scientific evidence regarding the use of the Child Health Booklet by health professionals for the monitoring of child growth and development. Method: a bibliographical study, type integrative, with searches in LILACS and BDENF databases and in the SCIELO virtual library, using Descriptors in Health Sciences; growth and development, primary health care and personal health records, which were cross-referenced with the child descriptor employing the Boolean operator and. 15 articles published between 2014 and 2018 were selected and the results are presented in figure form. Results: the poor use of CHB was evidenced in the studies, which is related to the absence and fragility of records, the difficulty of professionals to perceive the relevance of filling, poor knowledge of professionals, insufficient guidance to families, besides the participation of the family in this process. Conclusion: due to the precarious nature of the use of CHB, it is committed to monitoring child health as this is the essential instrument for monitoring child growth and development. Descriptors: Growth and Development; Primary Health Care; Personal Health Records; Kid; Comprehensive Health Care; Child Health. RESUMEN Objetivo: analizar las evidencias científicas en cuanto a la utilización de la libreta de Salud del Niño por los profesionales de salud para la vigilancia del crecimiento y desarrollo infantil. Método: se trata de un estudio bibliográfico, tipo revisión integrativa, con búsquedas en las bases de datos LILACS y BDENF y en la biblioteca virtual SCIELO, utilizando los Descriptores en Ciencias de la Salud; crecimiento y desarrollo, atención primaria a la salud y registros de salud personal, que fueron cruzados con el descriptor niño empleándose el operador booleano and. Se seleccionaron 15 artículos publicados entre 2014 y 2018 y los resultados se presentan en forma de figura. Resultados: se evidenció, en los estudios, la precaria utilización de la CSC, que está relacionada a la ausencia y fragilidad de registros, a la dificultad de los profesionales percibir la relevancia del llenado, el conocimiento deficiente de los profesionales, la insuficiencia de orientaciones a las familias, además de la participación de la familia en ese proceso. Conclusión: se compromete, por la precariedad de la utilización de la CSC, la vigilancia de la salud infantil por ser éste el instrumento esencial para el acompañamiento del crecimiento y del desarrollo del niño. Descriptores: Crecimiento y Desarrollo; Atención Primaria a la Salud; Registros de Salud Personal; Niño; Atención Integral de Salud; Salud del Niño. 

scholarly journals Prioritizing Child Health Interventions in Ethiopia: Modeling Impact on Child Mortality, Life Expectancy and Inequality in Age at Death

PLoS ONE ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 7 (8) ◽  
pp. e41521 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kristine Husøy Onarheim ◽  
Solomon Tessema ◽  
Kjell Arne Johansson ◽  
Kristiane Tislevoll Eide ◽  
Ole Frithjof Norheim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Child Health ◽  
Life Expectancy ◽  
Child Mortality ◽  
Health Interventions ◽  
Age At Death

Parental age and child growth and development: Child health check-up data

2011 ◽  
Vol 53 (5) ◽  
pp. 709-714 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mariko Iwayama ◽  
Ryutaro Kira ◽  
Naoko Kinukawa ◽  
Yasunari Sakai ◽  
Hiroyuki Torisu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Child Health ◽  
Growth And Development ◽  
Child Growth ◽  
Health Check ◽  
Parental Age

scholarly journals OPTIMALISASI TUMBUH KEMBANG BAYI DAN BALITA MELALUI PEMBERDAYAAN KELUARGA DALAM PEMANFAATAN BUKU KIA DI SURABAYA OPTIMIZING THE GROWTH OF BABIES AND CHILDREN THROUGH EMPOWERMENT OF THE FAMILY IN THE UTILIZATION OF KIA BOOKS IN SURABAYA

Jurnal ABDI ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 139
Author(s):  
Sri Utami ◽  
Rekawati Susilaningrum ◽  
Dwi Purwanti
Keyword(s):  
Nutritional Status ◽  
Community Service ◽  
Growth And Development ◽  
Optimal Growth ◽  
Child Growth ◽  
Target Number ◽  
Under Five ◽  
Positive Attitudes ◽  
The Family ◽  
Almost All

Abstrak Latar belakang. Optimalisasi tumbuh kembang anak merupakan salah satu upaya prioritas dalam mempersiapkan anak Indonesia generasi yang berkualitas. Keluarga mempunyai peran penting dalam menyiapkan anak mencapai tumbuh kembang optimal, melalui stimulasi dan pemantauan tumbuh kembang dengan menggunakan buku KIA. Di Jawa Timur, kepemilikan buku KIA sudah di atas 80% (Kemenkes RI, 2018), namun Kepemilikan buku KIA belum diimbangi dengan pemahaman isinya serta pemanfaatannya oleh ibu. Tujuan pengabdian kepada masyarakat ini adalah meningkatkan pemahaman keluarga tentang buku KIA sebagai upaya optimalisasi tumbuh kembang balita. Metode. Metode yang digunakan adalah wawancara konseling,  dengan sasaran keluarga (ibu) yang mempunyai anak bayi dan balita. Jumlah sasaran 30 keluarga. Hasil. Pertumbuhan balita sebagian besar (83%) status gizi (BB/T) normal, Sebagian besar (77%) status gizi berdasarkan TB/Umur kategori normal. Hampir seluruhnya (97%) perkembangan sesuai usia. Setelah dilakukan konseling terdapat peningkatan pengetahuan ibu tentang pemanfaatan buku KIA dalam upaya optimalisasi tumbuh kembang dari 87% menjadi 100% berpengetahuan baik, dari 97% sikap positif menjadi seluruhnya 100% sikap positif, dan dari 83% Tindakan sesuai dalam pemanfaatan buku KIA, menjadi 97% sesuai. Konseling yang diberikan dapat meningkatkan pengetahuan, sikap dan Tindakan ibu dalam pemanfaatan buku KIA. Kata Kunci: Pemberdayaan, Buku KIA, Tumbuh Kembang Bayi dan Balita.  Abstract Background. Optimizing child growth and development is one of the priority efforts in preparing quality generations of Indonesian children. Families have an important role in preparing children to achieve optimal growth and development, through stimulation and monitoring of growth and development using the MCH Handbook. In East Java, ownership of KIA books is above 80% (Ministry of Health RI, 2018), but ownership of MCH books has not been matched by understanding the contents and their use by mothers. The purpose of this community service is to increase family understanding of the MCH book as an effort to optimize the growth and development of toddlers. Method.The method used is interview counseling, targeting families (mothers) who have babies and toddlers. The target number is 30 families. Result. Most of the children under five (83%) had normal nutritional status (BW / T). Most (77%) nutritional status based on TB / age was normal. Almost all (97%) developed according to age. After counseling was carried out, there was an increase in the mother's knowledge about the use of MCH books in an effort to optimize growth and development from 87% to 100% good knowledge, from 97% positive attitudes to 100% positive attitudes, and from 83% appropriate actions in the use of the KIA book, to 97 % corresponding. The counseling provided can increase the knowledge, attitudes and actions of mothers in the use of the MCH book. Keywords: Empowerment, MCH Handbook, Infant and Toddler Growth.

scholarly journals Triggers to action on child developmental concerns

2014 ◽  
pp. 100-104
Author(s):  
Helen Mulcahy
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Child Health ◽  
School Child ◽  
Health Care Professionals ◽  
Normal Child ◽  
Growth And Development ◽  
Developmental Delays ◽  
Normal Growth ◽  
Child Growth ◽  
Child Health Services

If you want to know if a pre-school child is developing normally just ask their parents whether they are concerned…right? Yes, this approach is regularly used by health care professionals who work with parents to assess normal growth and development as part of preventative child health services. However, this approach is not always successful and parents may be reluctant to express their concerns to a doctor or nurse. So, do we know what triggers parents to go and seek help about a growth or development concern? Well no, because most of the studies already conducted have been about trying to measure parents concern about child growth and development. Assessing normal child development is challenging not least because children grow rapidly and often in spurts. Developmental delays are relatively common but not all of them indicate developmental disabilities. However, it is important for any delays in growth or development to be ...

scholarly journals Atenção integrada às doenças prevalentes na infância: prática do enfermeiro

2017 ◽  
Vol 11 (12) ◽  
pp. 5382
Author(s):  
Carla Karoline da Silva Simião ◽  
Dase Luyza Barbosa de Sousa ◽  
Ana Safira Trajano da Silva ◽  
Helena Priscila Soares Pereira ◽  
Donátila Cristina Lima Lopes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Child Health ◽  
Child Mortality ◽  
Growth And Development ◽  
Professional Training ◽  
Integrated Management ◽  
Family Health ◽  
Structural Aspect ◽  
Childhood Illness ◽  
Health Strategy ◽  
Family Health Strategy

RESUMOObjetivo: identificar na literatura nacional dificuldades enfrentadas pelo enfermeiro na prática do manual Atenção Integrada às Doenças Prevalentes na Infância. Método: revisão integrativa, com dados coletados nas bases de dados Lilacs, Medline e Biblioteca Virtual SciELO. 13 artigos atenderam aos critérios de inclusão e os Descritores para nortear a pesquisa foram: Estratégia Saúde da Família; Enfermagem; Saúde da Criança; Crescimento e Desenvolvimento; Mortalidade Infantil; Indicadores de Mortalidade. Resultados: a pesquisa constatou dificuldades encontradas pelos enfermeiros mediante sua prática na Estratégia Saúde da Família na aplicação à Atenção Integrada às Doenças Prevalentes na Infância, seja no aspecto de estrutura da rede de atenção primária, seja por parte da falta de conhecimento no desenvolvimento do protocolo. Conclusão: foi de relevância enfocar a prática do enfermeiro ao manual da Atenção Integrada às Doenças Prevalentes na Infância para favorecer cuidados e desenvolvimento à saúde da criança, indicando que a aplicação desta prática ainda não é exercida por todos os profissionais, tendo em vista fatores que envolvem desde barreiras no setor de trabalho até falta de capacitação profissional. Descritores: Estratégia Saúde da Família; Enfermagem; Saúde da Criança; Crescimento e Desenvolvimento; Mortalidade Infantil; Indicadores de Mortalidade.ABSTRACTObjective: to identify in the national literature difficulties faced by nurses in putting in practice the Integrated Management of Childhood Illness. Method: integrative review. Data were collected from the Lilacs, Medline, SciELO Virtual Library databases; 13 articles met the inclusion criteria; and the Descriptors to guide the research were: Family Health Strategy, Nursing, Child Health, Growth and Development; Child mortality; Mortality Indicators. Results: the research found difficulties encountered by Family Health Strategy nurses in the application of Integrated Management of Childhood Illness, either on the structural aspect of the primary care network or due to the lack of knowledge in protocol development. Conclusion: it was relevant to focus nurses' practice on the Handbook of Integrated Management of Childhood Illness in favor of the care and development of child health, indicating that the application of this practice has not been practiced yet by all professionals in view of factors such as barriers in their work sector and lack of professional training. Descriptors: Family Health Strategy; Nursing; Child Health; Growth and Development; Child Mortality; Morbidity and Mortality Indicators.RESUMENObjetivo: identificar en la literatura nacional dificultades enfrentadas por el enfermero en la práctica del manual Atención Integrada a las Enfermedades Prevalentes en la Infancia. Método: revisión integradora. Datos recogidos en las bases de datos Lilacs y Medline, Biblioteca Virtual SciELO; 13 artículos atendieron a los criterios de inclusión y los Descriptores para guiar a la investigación fueron: Estrategia Salud de la Familia; Enfermería; Salud del Niño; Crecimiento y Desarrollo; Mortalidad Infantil; Indicadores de Mortalidad. Resultados: la investigación constató dificultades encontradas por los enfermeros mediante su práctica en la Estrategia Salud de la Familia en la aplicación a la Atención Integrada a las Enfermedades Prevalentes en la Infancia, sea en el aspecto de estructura de la red de atención primaria, sea por parte de la falta de conocimiento en el desarrollo del protocolo. Conclusión: fue de relevancia enfocar la práctica del enfermero al manual de la Atención Integrada a las Enfermedades Prevalentes en la Infancia para favorecer cuidados y desarrollo a la salud del niño, indicando que la aplicación de esta práctica aún no es ejercida por todos los profesionales, teniendo en cuenta factores que envuelven desde barreras en el sector de trabajo hasta falta de capacitación profesional. Descriptores: Estrategia de Salud Familiar; Enfermería; Salud del Niño; Crecimiento y Desarrollo; Indicadores de Morbimortalidad.

Significado da consulta de enfermagem às crianças menores de dois anos na percepção das mães

2013 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 123
Author(s):  
Clara Cássia Versian ◽  
Marcela Guimarães Fonseca ◽  
Tereza Cristina Silva Bretas ◽  
Frederico Marques Andrade ◽  
Antônio Lincoln Freitas Rocha
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Child Care ◽  
Child Health ◽  
Growth And Development ◽  
Family Health ◽  
Child Growth ◽  
Qualitative Approach ◽  
Health Strategy ◽  
The Family ◽  
Family Health Strategy

Resumo: Este estudo objetivou conhecer o significado da consulta de enfermagem às crianças menores de dois anos na percepção das mães na Estratégia de Saúde da Família de Nova Esperança. Trata-se de um estudo exploratório descritivo, de abordagem qualitativa, realizado na Estratégia de Saúde da Família de Nova Esperança, no período de outubro a novembro de 2011. Os sujeitos do estudo foram mãe de crianças menores de dois anos. Os resultados evidenciaram percepções diversificadas acerca da consulta de enfermagem. Pode-se constatar que as entrevistadas enfatizaram a importância do acompanhamento periódico do crescimento e desenvolvimento da criança, como forma de prevenção.Palavras-chave: Cuidado da Criança; Saúde da Criança; Programa Saúde da Família.The Meaning of Nursing Consultation to Children Under Two Years in a Mothers PerceptionAbstract: This study investigated the significance of nursing consultation to children under two years in the perception of mothers in the Family Health Strategy in New Hope. This is an exploratoryand descriptive, qualitative approach, was conducted at the Family Health Strategy in New Hope, in the period from October to November 2011. The study subjects were mothers of children under two years. The results showed diverse perceptions about nursing consultation. It is evident that the interviewees emphasized the importance ofregular monitoring of child growth and development a means of prevention.Keywords: Child Care; Child Health (Public Health); Family Health Program.El Significado de La Consulta de Enfermería a los Niños Menores de Dos Años em una Percepcíon de lãs MadresResumen: Este estudio investigó la importancia de la consulta de enfermería a niños menores de dos años en la percepción de las madres de la Estrategia de Salud Familiar en New Hope. Se trata de un enfoque cualitativo, exploratorio y descriptivo, se llevó a cabo en la Estrategia de Salud Familiar en New Hope, en el período de octubre a noviembre de 2011. Los sujetos del estudio eran madres de niños menores de dos años. Los resultados mostraron diferentes percepciones acerca de la consulta de enfermería. Es evidente que los entrevistadoshicieron hincapié en la importancia de un seguimiento periódico del crecimiento y desarrollo del niño como medio de prevención.Palabras clave: Cuidado del Niño; Salud del Niño; Programa de Salud Familiar.

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