Dualism and Its Discontents II: Philosophical Tinctures

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Craig Irvine ◽  
Danielle Spencer
Keyword(s):  
Lived Experience ◽  
Close Reading ◽  
Cartesian Dualism ◽  
Phenomenology Of Perception ◽  
Edmund Pellegrino ◽  
The Rich ◽  
Richard Zaner ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Insight Into ◽  
Philosophical Understanding

Part II of II: This chapter explores philosophical responses to Cartesian dualism—notably Maurice Merleau-Ponty’s elaboration of phenomenology—and its relevance to medicine. With close reading of Merleau-Ponty’s Phenomenology of Perception, phenomenology’s attentiveness to lived experience and to embodiment is described. Next, discussion of the work of philosophers, clinicians, ethicists and patients—including Havi Carel, S. Kay Toombs, Richard Baron, Edmund Pellegrino, Richard Zaner, and Fredrik Svenaeus—demonstrates the influence of phenomenological perspectives in healthcare, addressing the dissociation and alienation often experienced by clinicians and patients alike. Counter-examples to the philosophical narrative presented here are then offered, demonstrating the rich complexity of philosophical enquiry. The chapter closes with a brief discussion of the poem “Soul” by David Ferry, which offers a means of approaching the age-old issue of the relationship between body, mind, and spirit. Thus the authors argue that philosophical understanding—particularly in combination with literature—offers particular insight into the challenges and possibilities of healthcare today.

scholarly journals From Johann to Maurice: Science and Expression in the Philosophical Praxis of Medicine

Human Studies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Timm Heinbokel
Keyword(s):  
Lived Experience ◽  
Common Ground ◽  
Case Reports ◽  
Embodied Perception ◽  
Phenomenology Of Perception ◽  
The Common ◽  
The Relationship

AbstractPhenomenology’s return to lived experience and “to the things themselves” is often contrasted with the synthesized perspective of science and its “view from nowhere.” The extensive use of neuropsychological case reports in Merleau-Ponty’s Phenomenology of Perception, however, suggests that the relationship between phenomenology and science is more complex than a sheer opposition, and a fruitful one for the praxis of medicine. Here, I propose a new reading of how Merleau-Ponty justifies his use of Adhémar Gelb and Kurt Goldstein’s reports on Johann Schneider for his phenomenology of embodied perception. I argue that for Merleau-Ponty these neuropsychological case reports represent a coherent deformation of the intercorporeally expressed existence of Schneider that through speech fall again onto the common ground of perception, thereby allowing Merleau-Ponty to understand, in the equivalent sense delivered by language, Schneider’s total being and fundamental illness. I then discuss what Merleau-Ponty’s method implies for a phenomenological praxis of medicine, and for the role of science in this praxis.

scholarly journals Generating, Intensifying, and Redirecting Emotionality: Conceptual and Ethnographic Implications of Aristotle’s Rhetoric

2013 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 6-42
Author(s):  
Robert Prus
Keyword(s):  
Lived Experience ◽  
Social Process ◽  
Human Sciences ◽  
Emotional States ◽  
Symbolic Interactionist ◽  
Paper Briefly ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Insight Into ◽  
Interactionist Approach

In contrast to those who more characteristically approach emotion as an individual realm of experience of more distinctive physiological and/or psychological sorts, this paper addresses emotionality as a socially experienced, linguistically enabled, activity-based process. While conceptually and methodologically situated within contemporary symbolic interactionist thought (Mead 1934; Blumer 1969; Strauss 1993; Prus 1996; 1997; 1999; Prus and Grills 2003), this statement is centrally informed by the pragmatist considerations of emotionality that Aristotle (circa 384-322 BCE) develops in Rhetoric. Although barely known to those in the human sciences, Aristotle’s Rhetoric provides a great deal of insight into people’s definitions of, and experiences with, a wide array of emotions. Addressing matters of persuasive interchange in political, judicial, and evaluative contexts, Aristotle gives particular attention to the intensification and neutralization of people’s emotional states. This includes (1) anger and calm, (2) friendship and enmity, (3) fear and confidence, (4) shame and shamelessness, (5) kindness and inconsideration, (6) pity and indignation, and (7) envy and emulation. Following an introduction to “rhetoric” (as the study of persuasive interchange) and “emotionality,” this paper briefly (1) outlines a pragmatist/interactionist approach to the study of emotionality, (2) considers Aristotle as a sociological pragmatist, (3) locates Aristotle’s work within the context of classical Greek thought, (4) acknowledges the relationship of emotionality and morality, and (5) addresses emotionality as a generic social process. Following (6) a more sustained consideration of emotionality within the context of Aristotle’s Rhetoric, the paper concludes with (7) a short discussion of the importance of Aristotle’s work for studying emotionality as a realm of human lived experience on a contemporary plane.

The Sonic Archive of Black Spatiality

2021 ◽  
pp. 153-158
Author(s):  
James Gordon Williams
Keyword(s):  
African American ◽  
Lived Experience ◽  
Lived Experiences ◽  
White Supremacy ◽  
Musical Space ◽  
Traditional Research ◽  
The Social ◽  
Improvised Music ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Insight Into

The epilogue expands on the purpose of the book and the author’s approach to it. Although the book does not abandon positivism, the author never privileges traditional research musicological methods over his own lived experience—as an African American improviser, composer, and theorist—or the lived experiences of the improvisers discussed in the book. The chapter expresses a hope that the book will provide further insight into the relationship between African American improvised music and cultural notions of spatiality in relation to improvisation. The chapter further elaborates on Black musical space: it is not defined by a defiance of whiteness or white supremacy. It is defined by joy, struggle ad infinitum, and reliance on community. Black musical space expressed through humanity ultimately escapes attempts to codify it. The chapter continues with a final summary of the author’s findings about each musician discussed in the book. While Blanchard, Higgins, Carrington, Akinmusire, and Hill express their ideas differently in the language of Black musical space, they are all connected by how they cross bar lines to emphasize the social context connection between their lived experiences and their improvisational and compositional practices.

Constructivism’s Vešč, Objet, Gegenstand and the New Art of the “Object”

2017 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 145-159
Author(s):  
Slobodanka Vladiv-Glover
Keyword(s):  
New World ◽  
Close Reading ◽  
One Dimensional ◽  
Avant Garde ◽  
Socialist State ◽  
Phenomenology Of Perception ◽  
Artistic Inquiry ◽  
The Relationship

There is no doubt that the Futurists, Constructivists, Productionists – all the Russian avant-garde groups – wanted to represent the “new world” of socialism in and through art. However, the relationship between art and life, or art and work in the new socialist state was not one-dimensional. This can be seen from a close reading of one of the major Constructivist manifestoes, published in Ilya Erenburg’s and El Lisitzky’s short-lived journal “Vešč, Objet, Gegenstand” 1922–23 (Berlin). What emerges from the militaristic jargon and the metaphors with which the new art platform announced in “Vešč, Objet, Gegenstand” comes to expression is that the Constructivist movement is focused on structures which it calls “the object” and that this emerging Structuralism constitutes not just a method of artistic inquiry but a new mode of perception. This paper attempts to show, by a close reading of the lexicon of this Constructivist manifesto, how the concept of the ‘object’ had a metaphysical dimension in that it was raised into a phenomenology of perception by the Constructivist artist but also a new artistic paradigm of international, collective art.

In Their Own Words: Rural Adolescent Stressors and Relationship to Depressive Symptoms

2016 ◽  
Vol 39 (9) ◽  
pp. 1255-1270
Author(s):  
Cara C. Young ◽  
Liana Lo Chau
Keyword(s):  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Lived Experience ◽  
Stressful Life Events ◽  
Phenomenological Approach ◽  
Rural Adolescents ◽  
Physical Health Care ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Mental And Physical Health ◽  
Rural Adolescent ◽  
Insight Into

This study evaluated qualitative reports of stressful life events from young rural adolescents and examined the relationship between stressor themes and depressive symptoms. A phenomenological approach guided content analysis of qualitative data. Number of themes within each response was tabulated, and association with depressive symptoms was then examined. Stressors were categorized into four thematic domains: family, peers, academics, and intrapersonal. Individual themes within each domain varied, but the themes of conflict and loss were predominant in most domains. Higher number of themes were associated with elevated depressive symptoms ( p = .045). Study findings provide insight into the lived experience of adolescent stressors and provide additional empirical evidence regarding the association between stressors and depressive symptoms. The ubiquitous themes of conflict and loss, and the implications of these themes for adolescents’ mental health provide insight for nurses as they advocate for quality mental and physical health care for adolescents and their families.

The Master of the Master: The Twisted Story of an Imperial Master and His Disciple

2012 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 169-192
Author(s):  
Özgen Felek
Keyword(s):  
Present Article ◽  
Mutual Recognition ◽  
Real Life ◽  
Actual Practice ◽  
Close Reading ◽  
Theoretical Literature ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Insight Into

Abstract The master-disciple relationship requires a mutual recognition and dependency based on mutual passion and devotion, regardless of each member’s social, cultural, political, and ethical background. It is shaped by mystical etiquette as detailed in the Sufi tradition. The relationship between spiritual masters and their disciples has been dealt with at length in many studies, mainly based on the descriptions provided in normative Sufi texts. The present article demonstrates new perspectives in discussing how master-disciple relationships can be more complex than what the Sufi manuals portray. A close reading of the letters from the Ottoman sultan Murād III (r. 982–1003/1574–95) to his spiritual master Şücāʿ Dede provides insight into the struggles of the sultan with the realities of a master-disciple relationship as well as how the dependency is negotiated in real life. By presenting the inner dynamics of such a relationship from a disciple’s perspective, the letters of Murād III vividly exhibit that the master-disciple relationship has not always been as straightforward and pure in actual practice as it is described to be in the theoretical literature.

Un Ecart Infime (Part I): Foucault's Critique of the Concept of Lived-Experience ( Vécu)

2005 ◽  
Vol 35 (1) ◽  
pp. 11-28
Author(s):  
Leonard Lawlor
Keyword(s):  
Lived Experience ◽  
Life Experience ◽  
Blind Spot ◽  
Positive Logic ◽  
Phenomenology Of Perception ◽  
The Relationship

AbstractIn this essay, I start from Foucault's last text, his "Life: Experience and Science." Speaking of Canguilhem, Foucault makes a distinction between "le vécu" (lived-experience) and "le vivant" (the living). I then examine this difference between "le vécu" (lived-experience) and "le vivant" (the living); that is, I examine the different logics, we might say, of immanence that each concept implies. To do this, I reconstruct the "critique" that Foucault presents of the concept of vécu in the ninth chapter of The Order of Things (Les Mots et les choses): "Man and His Doubles." I try to show how this critique applies to the early Merleau-Ponty, the Merleau-Ponty of the Phenomenology of Perception. Then, I construct the positive logic of Foucault's relation of immanence by means of another text, which is contemporaneous with Les Mots et les choses: This is not a Pipe. The critique of the concept of vécu is based on the fact that the relationship in vécu is a mixture (un mélange) that closes "un écart infime." Conversely, Foucault's conception of the relationship in "le vivant" is one that dissociates and keeps "l'écart infime" open. At the end, I suggest, through three "landmarks," how Foucault's critique might be applied to the later Merleau-Ponty. This essay is Part I of a trilogy on Merleau-Ponty and Foucault. Part II concerns Merleau-Ponty's "mixturism," while Part III concerns "the blind spot" in Foucault. These three texts complete the work necessary to open the problem of memory and life.

scholarly journals Producing Solidarities: Theological Reflections on Humanity and Ecology in Animal’s People

Religions ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (8) ◽  
pp. 664
Author(s):  
Emily S. Pruszinski
Keyword(s):  
Theological Anthropology ◽  
Ecological Crisis ◽  
Toxic Effects ◽  
Close Reading ◽  
Ecological Theology ◽  
Global System ◽  
The Rich ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Insight Into

This article examines Indra Sinha’s novel Animal’s People for insight into the intersection of theological anthropology and ecological theology. Set in the wake of a man-made ecological crisis, Sinha’s novel probes the definition of humanity, the interconnectedness between humans and the environment, and the toxic effects of the neoliberal order for humans and their environment. Drawing on Joerg Rieger and Kwok Pui-lan’s notion of an ecclesiology of solidarity, with insight from Rob Nixon’s work on ecological violence in the neoliberal order, this article considers the rich theological resources residing in Sinha’s work. Through a close reading of the text, the article highlights Sinha’s novel as a reflective resource both for eco-theology and for theological anthropology. It demonstrates that Sinha’s expansive vision of humanity effectively challenges the colonial hierarchy of humanity and the global system of borders which reinforces it. The witness of Animal’s People suggests that theological anthropology and eco-theology are inseparably interrelated and that responsible praxis in both spheres is necessary for developing global human and ecological solidarity.

Skeletal elements of crinoid echinoderms: High-resolution structural and microanalytical results

1983 ◽  
Vol 41 ◽  
pp. 194-195
Author(s):  
D. F. Blake ◽  
L. F. Allard ◽  
D. R. Peacor
Keyword(s):  
High Resolution ◽  
Marine Invertebrates ◽  
Sea Urchins ◽  
Structural Features ◽  
Sea Stars ◽  
High Resolution Tem ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Insight Into

Echinodermata is a phylum of marine invertebrates which has been extant since Cambrian time (c.a. 500 m.y. before the present). Modern examples of echinoderms include sea urchins, sea stars, and sea lilies (crinoids). The endoskeletons of echinoderms are composed of plates or ossicles (Fig. 1) which are with few exceptions, porous, single crystals of high-magnesian calcite. Despite their single crystal nature, fracture surfaces do not exhibit the near-perfect {10.4} cleavage characteristic of inorganic calcite. This paradoxical mix of biogenic and inorganic features has prompted much recent work on echinoderm skeletal crystallography. Furthermore, fossil echinoderm hard parts comprise a volumetrically significant portion of some marine limestones sequences. The ultrastructural and microchemical characterization of modern skeletal material should lend insight into: 1). The nature of the biogenic processes involved, for example, the relationship of Mg heterogeneity to morphological and structural features in modern echinoderm material, and 2). The nature of the diagenetic changes undergone by their ancient, fossilized counterparts. In this study, high resolution TEM (HRTEM), high voltage TEM (HVTEM), and STEM microanalysis are used to characterize tha ultrastructural and microchemical composition of skeletal elements of the modern crinoid Neocrinus blakei.

Virginia Woolf and Being-in-the-world

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emma Simone
Keyword(s):  
Virginia Woolf ◽  
Historical Context ◽  
The Political ◽  
Cartesian Dualism ◽  
Self And Other ◽  
The World ◽  
Binary Oppositions ◽  
The Individual ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Existential Perspective

Virginia Woolf and Being-in-the-world: A Heideggerian Study explores Woolf’s treatment of the relationship between self and world from a phenomenological-existential perspective. This study presents a timely and compelling interpretation of Virginia Woolf’s textual treatment of the relationship between self and world from the perspective of the philosophy of Martin Heidegger. Drawing on Woolf’s novels, essays, reviews, letters, diary entries, short stories, and memoirs, the book explores the political and the ontological, as the individual’s connection to the world comes to be defined by an involvement and engagement that is always already situated within a particular physical, societal, and historical context. Emma Simone argues that at the heart of what it means to be an individual making his or her way in the world, the perspectives of Woolf and Heidegger are founded upon certain shared concerns, including the sustained critique of Cartesian dualism, particularly the resultant binary oppositions of subject and object, and self and Other; the understanding that the individual is a temporal being; an emphasis upon intersubjective relations insofar as Being-in-the-world is defined by Being-with-Others; and a consistent emphasis upon average everydayness as both determinative and representative of the individual’s relationship to and with the world.

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