NCOG-18. RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN RANO-PRO WORKING GROUP STANDARDIZED PRIORITY CONSTRUCTS AND DISEASE PROGRESSION AMONG MALIGNANT GLIOMA PATIENTS AS MEASURED THROUGH CLINICAL OUTCOMES ASSESSMENTS

2021 ◽  
Vol 23 (Supplement_6) ◽  
pp. vi155-vi156
Author(s):  
Elizabeth Vera ◽  
Tito Mendoza ◽  
Alvina Acquaye ◽  
Nicole Briceno ◽  
Anna Choi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Malignant Glioma ◽  
Disease Progression ◽  
Clinical Outcomes ◽  
Stable Disease ◽  
Working Group ◽  
Karnofsky Performance Status ◽  
Clinical Care ◽  
Self Care ◽  
Work Activity ◽  
Core Symptoms

Abstract Recognizing the importance of clinical outcomes assessments (COA), the RANO-PRO Working Group recommends inclusion of core symptoms/functions in clinical care/research for malignant glioma patients. This study evaluated the association between the recommended symptoms (pain, perceived cognition, seizures, aphasia, treatment-specific symptoms) and functions (physical: weakness, walking; and role/social: work, usual activities) and disease progression in these patients. MDASI-Brain Tumor and EQ-5D-3L scores, Karnofsky Performance Status (KPS), and Neurologic Function Score (NFS) were evaluated in relation to disease progression by chi-square tests, independent- and paired-samples t-tests, adjusted for multiple comparisons. Our sample included 336 patients with malignant glioma; 82% white, 64% male, median age=52 (21-79). Imaging study revealed disease progression for 46% of patients. All symptoms except seizures and difficulty concentrating were worse in the group whose imaging showed disease progression versus stable disease, as well as the functions of walking, work, activity, and self-care (0.8 < difference < 1.8). Patients with disease progression were 4 times more likely to have a poor KPS (≤ 80) and worse NFS. Among patients with disease progression (n=112), all symptoms, except seizures, worsened from first assessment to time of progression. Up to 22% of patients reported worsening mobility, self-care, and usual activity; 46% and 35% had worsened KPS and NFS, respectively. Seven symptoms and functions were each individually reported by at least 10% of patients as having worsened the most. Worsening of symptoms and functions was not observed among patients with stable disease, except in difficulty understanding. Identified core symptoms/functions worsen at the time of progression demonstrating the relationship between priority constructs and a traditional tumor response measure while highlighting the importance of longitudinal collection of COA. The pattern of worsening was observed via both patient- and clinician-reported outcomes, emphasizing the utility of COA in clinical care and clinical trials.

scholarly journals HOUT-22. EVALUATING CLINICAL IMPACT UTILIZING THE RANO-PRO COLLABORATIVE’S STANDARDIZED PRIORITY CONSTRUCTS

2019 ◽  
Vol 21 (Supplement_6) ◽  
pp. vi116-vi117
Author(s):  
Elizabeth Vera ◽  
Mark Gilbert ◽  
Orwa Aboud ◽  
Ramya Antony ◽  
Lisa Boris ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Brain Tumor ◽  
Malignant Glioma ◽  
Clinical Care ◽  
Symptom Burden ◽  
Symptom Assessment ◽  
Mean Difference ◽  
Study Entry ◽  
Additional Measure ◽  
Core Symptom ◽  
Core Symptoms

Abstract Increasing recognition of the symptom burden and functional limitations among primary brain tumor (PBT) patients has led to proposing clinical outcomes assessments as an additional measure of a treatment’s effectiveness. The RANO-PRO Collaborative recommended core symptoms for evaluation in clinical care and research for malignant glioma are weakness, walking, seizures, communication, memory, and treatment-specific symptoms. We evaluated these symptoms using the MDASI-Brain Tumor (BT) in the PBT patient sample of the NCI-NOB Natural History Study, in relation to disease progression, by descriptive statistics, and independent- and paired-samples t-tests. The sample included 434 PBT patients (59% male, median age=50 (18–83), 82% white, 43% with a prior recurrence). In the 60% with a malignant glioma, weakness, walking, seizures, difficulty remembering, and fatigue were significantly worse in the group with progression at time of imaging compared to the group with stable disease (p< 0.05). In a subset of 114 patients with progression after study entry, reported severity in all symptoms (except seizures) significantly worsened from study entry to time of progression (-1.7< mean difference< -0.1, p< 0.02, 0.3< r< 0.5). Walking, weakness, difficulty remembering, and fatigue each had a difference greater than 1-point, the minimally important difference for MDASI-BT. No one core symptom accounted for the severity change; each was reported by 17%-35% of patients as their largest change in severity. Utilizing the symptom with the largest change increased the magnitude of the worsening and its effect size (mean difference=-2.9, r=0.5). The analysis was repeated in the larger PBT sample with similar statistical findings but with smaller mean differences. RANO-PRO Collaborative core symptoms were shown to worsen at time of progression on imaging, highlighting the importance of continual symptom assessment and validating this core symptom group. Further analysis will focus on degree of change with each core symptom and validation in other datasets.

Plasma pharmacokinetics and cerebrospinal fluid concentrations of erlotinib in high-grade gliomas: A novel, phase I, dose escalation study

2007 ◽  
Vol 25 (18_suppl) ◽  
pp. 2054-2054 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. W. Buie ◽  
C. Lindley ◽  
T. Shih ◽  
M. Ewend ◽  
J. K. Smith ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cerebrospinal Fluid ◽  
Partial Response ◽  
Disease Progression ◽  
Dose Escalation ◽  
Stable Disease ◽  
Peak Plasma ◽  
Karnofsky Performance Status ◽  
Performance Status ◽  
Plasma Concentrations ◽  
High Grade

2054 Background: Erlotinib (ERL) is an inhibitor of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) tyrosine kinase. EGFR is overexpressed in glioblastoma multiforme (GBM). The primary objectives of this study were to determine the maximum tolerated dose (MTD), dose limiting toxicity (DLT) and to evaluate plasma and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) ERL concentrations using a novel every 72 hour ERL dosing schedule. Methods: Patients = 18 years of age with GBM or high grade glioma with evidence of disease progression following first line therapy (surgery/XRT/chemotherapy) and Karnofsky performance status = 60 % were included. Patients were stratified based on use of enzyme-inducing antiepileptic drugs (EIAED). Patients not on EIAED were initiated on ERL 450 mg PO every 72h, while those on EIAED were initiated on 900 mg PO every 72 h. Results: Six patients have been enrolled and assessed for safety, 5 for plasma PK and 3 for CSF concentrations. For ERL, the area under the plasma concentration versus time curve (AUC) was greater and the half-life longer in patients not receiving EIAED. However, the AUC of OSI-420, the major metabolite of ERL, was lower in patients not receiving EIAED. The OSI-420 AUC: ERL AUC ratio was increased 3 fold among patients receiving EIAED, indicative of increased hepatic metabolism and increased clearance. CSF concentrations were detectable and ranged from 1 to 3% of peak plasma concentrations. Neither group has experienced a DLT or reached the MTD. The most common side effects (grade 1/2) have been diarrhea (83%), rash (100%) and fatigue (33%). To date, there has been 1 partial response, 1 patient with stable disease and 4 patients with disease progression. The partial response and stable disease have occurred in patients with GBM. Conclusions: ERL is a well tolerated therapy. Patient enrollment and subsequent dose escalation is ongoing and updated results will be presented at the ASCO 2007 meeting. [Table: see text] No significant financial relationships to disclose.

Post-bevacizumab treatment and clinical outcomes in recurrent malignant glioma.

2013 ◽  
Vol 31 (15_suppl) ◽  
pp. 2098-2098
Author(s):  
Yongjun Cha ◽  
Yu Jung Kim ◽  
Tae Min Kim ◽  
Seung Hong Choi ◽  
Se-Hoon Lee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Malignant Glioma ◽  
Disease Progression ◽  
Clinical Outcomes ◽  
Progression Free Survival ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Images ◽  
Intrathecal Methotrexate ◽  
Recurrent Malignant Glioma ◽  
Free Survival ◽  
Bevacizumab Treatment

2098 Background: Bevacizumab (Bev) and irinotecan combination therapy is effective against recurrent malignant glioma. However, post-Bev treatment and its clinical outcomes are not well investigated. Methods: We identified 103 consecutive recurrent malignant glioma patients who received Bev plus irinotecan at our institutions.Clinical records and magnetic resonance images were reviewed. Response and progression were assessed by RANO criteria. Results: Bev and irinotecan treatment produced response rate of 37.9% (95% CI, 29.1-47.5%). At a median follow-up time of 41 weeks, the median progression-free survival (PFS) was 17.1 weeks (95% CI, 14.3-20.0), and 6-month PFS (6M-PFS) was 27.8% (95% CI, 18.4-37.2). The median overall survival (OS) was 33.4 weeks (95% CI, 27.8-39.1). Response predicted for superior PFS (25.0 weeks vs. 11.0 weeks, p < .001) and OS (45.9 weeks vs. 26.7 weeks, p < .001). A total of 93 patients discontinued Bev treatment and the reasons for discontinuation were: disease progression in 59 (63.4%), toxicities in 4 (4.3%), physician’s decision in 5 (5.4%), patient’s refusal to further treatment in 25 (26.9%). The median OS was 26.7 weeks in 59 patients who discontinued Bev due to disease progression, and 45.7 weeks in 34 patients who discontinued Bev for reasons other than disease progression (p < .001). Among 85 patients who progressed after Bev, 42 (49.4%) received further therapy: chemotherapy in 32 (37.6%), radiotherapy in 9 (10.6%), and surgery in 1 (1.2%). Further chemotherapy regimens included temozolomide (31.2%), ACNU/CDDP (25.0%), Bev reintroduction (18.8%), erlotinib (12.5%), PCV (9.4%), and intrathecal methotrexate (3.1%). The median survival time after Bev failure was 15.6 weeks (95% CI, 13.3-17.8). Patients who received further therapy showed longer median OS (18.6 weeks vs. 12.9 weeks, p < .001). In patients who received chemotherapy, the median PFS and OS was 6.6 weeks and 20.6 weeks, respectively. Conclusions: Prognosis after Bev failure was poor. Proper selection of patients who may benefit from further treatment is warranted.

scholarly journals Which outcomes are most important to measure in patients with COVID-19 and how and when should these be measured? Development of an international standard set of outcomes measures for clinical use in patients with COVID-19: a report of the International Consortium for Health Outcomes Measurement (ICHOM) COVID-19 Working Group

BMJ Open ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (11) ◽  
pp. e051065
Author(s):  
William H Seligman ◽  
Luz Fialho ◽  
Nick Sillett ◽  
Christina Nielsen ◽  
Farhala M Baloch ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Trials ◽  
Health Outcomes ◽  
Clinical Outcomes ◽  
Working Group ◽  
Clinical Care ◽  
Related Factors ◽  
Delivery Of Care ◽  
Outcomes Measurement ◽  
International Consortium ◽  
Treatment Practices

ObjectivesThe COVID-19 pandemic has resulted in widespread morbidity and mortality with the consequences expected to be felt for many years. Significant variation exists in the care even of similar patients with COVID-19, including treatment practices within and between institutions. Outcome measures vary among clinical trials on the same therapies. Understanding which therapies are of most value is not possible unless consensus can be reached on which outcomes are most important to measure. Furthermore, consensus on the most important outcomes may enable patients to monitor and track their care, and may help providers to improve the care they offer through quality improvement. To develop a standardised minimum set of outcomes for clinical care, the International Consortium for Health Outcomes Measurement (ICHOM) assembled a working group (WG) of 28 volunteers, including health professionals, patients and patient representatives.DesignA list of outcomes important to patients and professionals was generated from a systematic review of the published literature using the MEDLINE database, from review of outcomes being measured in ongoing clinical trials, from a survey distributed to patients and patient networks, and from previously published ICHOM standard sets in other disease areas. Using an online-modified Delphi process, the WG selected outcomes of greatest importance.ResultsThe outcomes considered by the WG to be most important were selected and categorised into five domains: (1) functional status and quality of life, (2) mental functioning, (3) social functioning, (4) clinical outcomes and (5) symptoms. The WG identified demographic and clinical variables for use as case-mix risk adjusters. These included baseline demographics, clinical factors and treatment-related factors.ConclusionImplementation of these consensus recommendations could help institutions to monitor, compare and improve the quality and delivery of care to patients with COVID-19. Their consistent definition and collection could also broaden the implementation of more patient-centric clinical outcomes research.

scholarly journals IMPACT OF HEALTH LITERACY ON KNOWLEDGE, SELF-CARE AND CLINICAL OUTCOMES IN HEART FAILURE PATIENTS

2018 ◽  
Vol 34 (10) ◽  
pp. S93
Author(s):  
J. McConnery ◽  
F. Foroutan ◽  
A. Alba ◽  
H. Ross ◽  
J. MacIver
Keyword(s):  
Heart Failure ◽  
Health Literacy ◽  
Clinical Outcomes ◽  
Self Care ◽  
Heart Failure Patients

scholarly journals Predictors of Survival in Subtotally Resected WHO Grade I Skull Base Meningiomas

Cancers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (6) ◽  
pp. 1451
Author(s):  
Michele Da Broi ◽  
Paola Borrelli ◽  
Torstein R. Meling
Keyword(s):  
Skull Base ◽  
Clinical Outcomes ◽  
Karnofsky Performance Status ◽  
Performance Status ◽  
Multivariable Analysis ◽  
Advanced Age ◽  
Final Visit ◽  
Subtotal Resection ◽  
Who Grade ◽  
Skull Base Meningiomas

Background: Although gross total resection (GTR) is the goal in meningioma surgery, this can sometimes be difficult to achieve in skull base meningiomas. We analyzed clinical outcomes and predictors of survival for subtotally resected benign meningiomas. Methods: A total of 212 consecutive patients who underwent subtotal resection (STR) for benign skull base meningioma between 1990–2010 were investigated. Results: Median age was 57.7 [IQR 18.8] years, median preoperative Karnofsky performance status (KPS) was 80.0 [IQR 20.0], 75 patients (35.4%) had posterior fossa meningioma. After a median follow-up of 6.2 [IQR 7.9] years, retreatment (either radiotherapy or repeated surgery) rate was 16% at 1-year, 27% at 3-years, 34% at 5-years, and 38% at 10-years. Ten patients (4.7%) died perioperatively, 9 (3.5%) had postoperative hematomas, and 2 (0.8%) had postoperative infections. Neurological outcome at final visit was improved/stable in 122 patients (70%). Multivariable analysis identified advanced age and preoperative KPS < 70 as negative predictors for overall survival (OS). Patients who underwent retreatment had no significant reduction of OS. Conclusions: Advanced age and preoperative KPS were independent predictors of OS. Retreatments did not prolong nor shorten the OS. Clinical outcomes in STR skull base meningiomas were generally worse compared to cohorts with high rates of GTR.

scholarly journals SYMPERHEART: an intervention to support symptom perception in persons with heart failure and their informal caregiver: a feasibility quasi-experimental study protocol

BMJ Open ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (7) ◽  
pp. e052208
Author(s):  
Gabrielle Cécile Santos ◽  
Maria Liljeroos ◽  
Roger Hullin ◽  
Kris Denhaerynck ◽  
Justine Wicht ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heart Failure ◽  
Clinical Outcomes ◽  
Informal Caregiver ◽  
Informal Caregivers ◽  
Self Care ◽  
Symptom Perception ◽  
Convenience Sample ◽  
Failure Index ◽  
Patient Reported ◽  
Quasi Experimental

IntroductionSymptom perception in heart failure (HF) has been identified as crucial for effective self-care, and is related to patient and health system outcomes. There is uncertainty regarding the feasibility and acceptability of symptom perception support and doubts regarding how to include informal caregivers. This study aims to test the feasibility, acceptability and outcome responsiveness of an intervention supporting symptom perception in persons with HF and their informal caregiver.Methods and analysisA feasibility study with a quasi-experimental pretest and post-test single group design is conducted. The convenience sample consists of 30 persons with HF, their informal caregivers and six nurses. SYMPERHEART is an evidence-informed intervention that targets symptom perception by educational and support components. Feasibility is measured by time-to-recruit; time-to-deliver; eligibility rate; intervention delivery fidelity rate. Acceptability is measured by rate of consent, retention rate, treatment acceptability and the engagement in the intervention components. Outcome responsiveness includes: HF self-care (via the Self-care of Heart Failure Index V.7.2); perception of HF symptom burden (via the Heart Failure Somatic Perception Scale V.3); health status (via the Kansas City Cardiomyopathy Questionnaire-12); caregivers’ contribution to HF self-care (via the Caregiver Contribution to Self-Care of Heart Failure Index 2); caregivers’ burden (via the Zarit Burden Interview). Clinical outcomes include HF events, hospitalisation reason and length of hospital stay. Descriptive statistics will be used to report feasibility, acceptability, patient-reported outcomes (PRO) and clinical outcomes. PRO and caregiver-reported outcome responsiveness will be reported with mean absolute change and effect sizes.Ethics and disseminationThe study is conducted according to the Declaration of Helsinki. The Human Research Ethics Committee of the Canton of Vaud, Switzerland, has approved the study. Written informed consent from persons with HF and informal caregivers are obtained. Results will be published via peer reviewed and professional journals, and further disseminated via congresses.Trial registration numberISRCTN18151041.

scholarly journals Perspectives and experiences of patients and healthcare professionals with geriatric assessment in chronic kidney disease: a qualitative study

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Carlijn G. N. Voorend ◽  
Noeleen C. Berkhout-Byrne ◽  
Yvette Meuleman ◽  
Simon P. Mooijaart ◽  
Willem Jan W. Bos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Kidney Disease ◽  
Qualitative Study ◽  
Clinical Outcomes ◽  
Geriatric Assessment ◽  
Clinical Care ◽  
Treatment Options ◽  
Routine Care ◽  
Treatment Team ◽  
Dutch Hospital ◽  
Additional Support

Abstract Background Older patients with end-stage kidney disease (ESKD) often live with unidentified frailty and multimorbidity. Despite guideline recommendations, geriatric assessment is not part of standard clinical care, resulting in a missed opportunity to enhance (clinical) outcomes including quality of life in these patients. To develop routine geriatric assessment programs for patients approaching ESKD, it is crucial to understand patients’ and professionals’ experiences with and perspectives about the benefits, facilitators and barriers for geriatric assessment. Methods In this qualitative study, semi-structured focus group discussions were conducted with ESKD patients, caregivers and professionals. Participants were purposively sampled from three Dutch hospital-based study- and routine care initiatives involving geriatric assessment for (pre-)ESKD care. Transcripts were analysed inductively using thematic analysis. Results In six focus-groups, participants (n = 47) demonstrated four major themes: (1) Perceived characteristics of the older (pre)ESKD patient group. Patients and professionals recognized increased vulnerability and (cognitive) comorbidity, which is often unrelated to calendar age. Both believed that often patients are in need of additional support in various geriatric domains. (2) Experiences with geriatric assessment. Patients regarded the content and the time spent on the geriatric assessment predominantly positive. Professionals emphasized that assessment creates awareness among the whole treatment team for cognitive and social problems, shifting the focus from mainly somatic to multidimensional problems. Outcomes of geriatric assessment were observed to enhance a dialogue on suitability of treatment options, (re)adjust treatment and provide/seek additional (social) support. (3) Barriers and facilitators for implementation of geriatric assessment in routine care. Discussed barriers included lack of communication about goals and interpretation of geriatric assessment, burden for patients, illiteracy, and organizational aspects. Major facilitators are good multidisciplinary cooperation, involvement of geriatrics and multidisciplinary team meetings. (4) Desired characteristics of a suitable geriatric assessment concerned the scope and use of tests and timing of assessment. Conclusions Patients and professionals were positive about using geriatric assessment in routine nephrology care. Implementation seems achievable, once barriers are overcome and facilitators are endorsed. Geriatric assessment in routine care appears promising to improve (clinical) outcomes in patients approaching ESKD.

scholarly journals One‐year clinically important deterioration and long‐term clinical course in Japanese patients with COPD: a multicenter observational cohort study

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuki Abe ◽  
Masaru Suzuki ◽  
Hironi Makita ◽  
Hirokazu Kimura ◽  
Kaoruko Shimizu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Study ◽  
Disease Progression ◽  
Clinical Outcomes ◽  
Japanese Patients ◽  
Drop Out ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
First Year ◽  
Severe Exacerbation ◽  
Clinically Important Deterioration

Abstract Background Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a heterogeneous disease with a complex progression of many clinical presentations, and clinically important deterioration (CID) has been proposed in the Western studies as a composite endpoint of disease progression. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationships between 1-year CID and the following long-term clinical outcomes in Japanese patients with COPD who have been reported to have different characteristics compared to the Westerners. Methods Among Japanese patients with COPD enrolled in the Hokkaido COPD cohort study, 259 patients who did not drop out within the first year were analyzed in this study. Two definitions of CID were used. Definition 1 comprised ≥ 100 mL decrease in forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1), ≥ 4-unit increase in St George’s Respiratory Questionnaire (SGRQ) score from baseline, or moderate or severe exacerbation. For Definition 2, the thresholds for the FEV1 and SGRQ score components were doubled. The presence of CID was evaluated within the first year from enrollment, and analyzed the association of the presence of CID with following 4-year risk of exacerbations and 9-year mortality. Results Patients with CID using Definition 1, but not any single CID component, during the first year had a significantly worse mortality compared with those without CID. Patients with CID using Definition 2 showed a similar trend on mortality, and had a shorter exacerbation-free survival compared with those without CID. Conclusions Adoption of CID is a beneficial and useful way for the assessment of long-term disease progression and clinical outcomes even in Japanese population with COPD. The definition of CID might be optimized according to the characteristics of COPD population and the observation period for CID.

scholarly journals Dendritic cell–based immunotherapy targeting Wilms’ tumor 1 in patients with recurrent malignant glioma

2015 ◽  
Vol 123 (4) ◽  
pp. 989-997 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keiichi Sakai ◽  
Shigetaka Shimodaira ◽  
Shinya Maejima ◽  
Nobuyuki Udagawa ◽  
Kenji Sano ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dendritic Cell ◽  
Malignant Glioma ◽  
Stable Disease ◽  
Wilms Tumor ◽  
Malignant Gliomas ◽  
Tumor Lysate ◽  
Dc Vaccine ◽  
Pulsed Dc ◽  
Wilms Tumor 1 ◽  
Vaccination Therapy

OBJECT Dendritic cell (DC)-based vaccination is considered a potentially effective therapy against advanced cancer. The authors conducted a Phase I study to investigate the safety and immunomonitoring of Wilms’ tumor 1 (WT1)-pulsed DC vaccination therapy for patients with relapsed malignant glioma. METHODS WT1-pulsed and/or autologous tumor lysate-pulsed DC vaccination therapy was performed in patients with relapsed malignant gliomas. Approximately 1 × 107 to 2 × 107 pulsed DCs loaded with WT1 peptide antigen and/or tumor lysate were intradermally injected into the axillary areas with OK-432, a streptococcal preparation, at 2-week intervals for at least 5–7 sessions (1 course) during an individual chemotherapy regimen. RESULTS Ten patients (3 men, 7 women; age range 24–64 years [median 39 years]) with the following tumors were enrolled: glioblastoma (6), anaplastic astrocytoma (2), anaplastic oligoastrocytoma (1), and anaplastic oligodendroglioma (1). Modified WT1 peptide–pulsed DC vaccine was administered to 7 patients, tumor lysate-pulsed DC vaccine to 2 patients, and both tumor lysate–pulsed and WT1-pulsed DC vaccine to 1 patient. The clinical response was stable disease in 5 patients with WT1-pulsed DC vaccination. In 2 of 5 patients with stable disease, neurological findings improved, and MR images showed tumor shrinkage. No serious adverse events occurred except Grade 1–2 erythema at the injection sites. WT1 tetramer analysis detected WT1-reactive cytotoxic T cells after vaccination in patients treated with WT1-pulsed therapy. Positivity for skin reaction at the injection sites was 80% (8 of 10 patients) after the first session, and positivity remained for these 8 patients after the final session. CONCLUSIONS This study of WT1-pulsed DC vaccination therapy demonstrated safety, immunogenicity, and feasibility in the management of relapsed malignant gliomas.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document