scholarly journals MPC-10 Prognostic analysis in IDH mutant astrocytoma patient with CDKN2A/B homozygous deletion

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (Supplement_6) ◽  
pp. vi17-vi17
Author(s):  
Shunsuke Yanagisawa ◽  
Kaishi Satomi ◽  
Yasuji Miyakita ◽  
Makoto Ohno ◽  
Masamichi Takahashi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Prognostic Factor ◽  
Poor Prognosis ◽  
Homozygous Deletion ◽  
Good Prognosis ◽  
Rank Test ◽  
Proportional Hazard ◽  
Prognostic Analysis ◽  
Cox Proportional Hazard ◽  
Grade 3 ◽  
Gene Status

Abstract background: IDH mutant astrocytoma has good prognosis compared with IDH wildtype one. In IDH mutant astrocytoma, However, patients with CDKN2A/B homozygous deletion (HD) are worse prognosis than non CDKN2A/B HD. Here we analyzed the prognosis of glioma patients identified with CDKN2A/B HD in our hospital. method: There were 62 cases, and female was 26. Mean age of all cases was 41.2 and median age was 38. In IDH gene status, R132H was 59 cases (95.2%), R172K 2 (3.2%) and R132S 1 (1.6%). All 62 cases were TERT wildtype. CDKN2A/B HD were 12 cases (19.4%). In log-rank test, the group of CDKN2A/B HD was poor prognosis than non HD. In astrocytoma grade 3, CDKN2A/B HD had significantly poor prognosis (p=0.002). In Cox proportional hazard model analysis, CDKN2A/B HD was effective predictive prognostic factor as well as age and grading (p=0.03). discussion/conclusion: We showed that CDKN2A/B HD was good predictive prognostic factor in IDH mutant astrocytoma.

scholarly journals LAMB1 Is Related to the T Stage and Indicates Poor Prognosis in Gastric Cancer

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 ◽  
pp. 153303382110049
Author(s):  
Tao Ran ◽  
ZhiJi Chen ◽  
LiWen Zhao ◽  
Wei Ran ◽  
JinYu Fan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gastric Cancer ◽  
Poor Prognosis ◽  
Hazard Models ◽  
Proportional Hazard ◽  
Kegg Analysis ◽  
Proportional Hazard Models ◽  
Cox Proportional Hazard ◽  
Kaplan Meier ◽  
Cox Proportional Hazard Models ◽  
Gastric Cancer Patients

Background and Objective: Gastric cancer (GC) is a common tumor malignancy with high incidence and poor prognosis. Laminin is an indispensable component of basement membrane and extracellular matrix, which is responsible for bridging the internal and external environment of cells and transmitting signals. This study mainly explored the association of the LAMB1 expression with clinicopathological characteristics and prognosis in gastric cancer. Methods: The expression data and clinical information of gastric cancer patients were downloaded from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and Asian Cancer Research Group (ACRG). And we analyzed the relationship between LAMB1 expression and clinical characteristics through R. CIBERSORTx was used to calculate the absolute score of immune cells in gastric tumor tissues. Then COX proportional hazard models and Kaplan-Meier curves were performed to evaluate the role of LAMB1 and its influence on prognosis in gastric cancer patients. Finally, GO and KEGG analysis were applied for LAMB1-related genes in gastric cancer, and PPI network was constructed in Cytoscape software. Results: In the TCGA cohort, patients with gastric cancer frequently generated LAMB1 gene copy number variation, but had little effect on mRNA expression. Both in the TCGA and ACRG cohorts, the mRNA expression of LAMB1 in gastric cancer tissues was higher than it in normal tissues. All patients were divided into high expression group and low expression group according to the median expression level of LAMB1. The elevated expression group obviously had more advanced cases and higher infiltration levels of M2 macrophages. COX proportional hazard models and Kaplan-Meier curves revealed that patients with enhanced expression of LAMB1 have a worse prognosis. GO/KEGG analysis showed that LAMB1-related genes were enriched in PI3K-Akt signaling pathway, focal adhesion, ECM-receptor interaction, etc. Conclusions: The high expression of LAMB1 in gastric cancer is related to the poor prognosis of patients, and it may be related to microenvironmental changes in tumors.

scholarly journals SMOKING STATUS AFFECTING SURVIVAL OF ADENOCARCINOMA LUNG CANCER PATIENTS IN KUALA LUMPUR, MALAYSIA

2017 ◽  
Vol 10 (9) ◽  
pp. 312
Author(s):  
Nida Sajid Ali Bangash ◽  
Natasha Hashim ◽  
Nahlah Elkudssiah Ismail
Keyword(s):  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Prognostic Significance ◽  
Hazard Model ◽  
Rank Test ◽  
Cox Proportional Hazard Model ◽  
Proportional Hazard ◽  
Kuala Lumpur ◽  
Proportional Hazard Model ◽  
Cox Proportional Hazard ◽  
Survival Difference

  Objective: Adenocarcinoma (AC) of the lung is now the most common histologic type of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) worldwide since the past 20 years. This study was conducted to investigate survival difference among smoker and non-smoker lung AC patients.Methods: A retrospective observational study was conducted for 81 advanced NSCLC adult Malaysian patients in Radiotherapy and Oncology Clinic at Hospital Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. A total of adult 30 Malaysian smokers and 51 non-smokers with lung AC were included. Ex-smokers were not included in the study. Demographic and clinical data were collected and described. For survival analysis, Kaplan–Meier test and log-rank test were used to calculate overall survival (OS) and analyse the difference in the survival curve. Cox proportional hazard model was used to identify prognostic significance of smoking status.Results: Non-smokers showed a significant association with female gender and Stage IV NSCLC. The median OS was higher for non-smokers (493 days) as compared to smokers (230 days). The Cox proportional hazard model showed higher hazard ratio for smokers.Conclusion: Non-smoking is an independent positive prognostic factor in lung AC.

CDKN2A or CDKN2B homozygous deletion with high-immune infiltration as a favorable prognostic factor for lung adenocarcinoma.

2021 ◽  
Vol 39 (15_suppl) ◽  
pp. e20543-e20543
Author(s):  
Benxu Tan ◽  
Yonghong Chen ◽  
Lei Xia ◽  
Xian Yu ◽  
Yusheng Huang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Prognostic Factor ◽  
Lung Adenocarcinoma ◽  
Homozygous Deletion ◽  
Hazard Ratio ◽  
Gene Set Enrichment Analysis ◽  
Rank Test ◽  
Immune Infiltration ◽  
Log Rank Test ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Wild Group

e20543 Background: CDKN2A and CDKN2B both acted as tumor suppressor genes by regulating the cell cycle, which in humans were located at chromosome 9, band p21.3. The frequencies of homozygous deletion (HomDel) in CDKN2A and CDKN2B in lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) were 12.5% and 12.1%, respectively. However, the genomic, immunogenomic features and impact on the prognosis of LUAD patients with CDKN2A/B HomDel were still unclear. Methods: The cohort of this study was from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA). A total of 508 LUAD patients, including 99 CDKN2A/B HomDel (homdel) and 509 CDKN2A/B wild (wild). This study explored the difference of genomic and immunogenomic landscape between homdel and wild by analysis of whole-exome sequencing (WES) and RNA sequencing data. Results: The most frequently mutated genes were TP53, TTN, MUC16, and CSMD3. Their frequencies in homdel and wild are 46% and 48%, 43% and 46%, 35% and 41%, 33% and 38%, respectively. There was no significant difference of tumor mutational burden (TMB) between homdel and wild (median TMB, 133 in homdel vs 177 in wild; Wilcoxon test, p = 0.11), and clinical characteristics including age, gender, smoking history, and tumor stage were not significantly different between homdel and wild. Homdel had a shorter overall survival (OS) than wild (Log-rank test, p = 0.04, Hazard Ratio: 0.7, 95% CI: 0.49-1.02), but there was no significant difference in progression-free survival (PFS) (Log-rank test, p = 0.05, Hazard Ratio: 0.73, 95% CI: 0.51-1.04). We used single sample gene set enrichment analysis (ssGSEA) to calculate the enrichment score (ES) of 25 immune-related pathways such as antigen presentation and T cell-mediated immunity, and then used the consensus clustering algorithm (ConsensusClusterPlus) to cluster homdel and wild respectively, and both clustered into low and high immune infiltration groups. For the high immune infiltration and low immune infiltration in homdel and wild, high immune infiltration had a longer OS (Log-rank test, p = 0.009, Hazard Ratio: 2.19, 95% CI: 1.22-3.94) and PFS (Log-rank test, p = 0.044, Hazard Ratio: 1.8, 95% CI: 1.01-3.2) than low immune infiltration in homdel. However, there was no significant heterogeneity between high and immune infiltration in terms of PFS (Log-rank test, p = 0.28, Hazard Ratio: 1.21, 95% CI: 0.87-1.68) and OS (Log-rank test, p = 0.96, Hazard Ratio: 1.01, 95% CI: 0.71-1.44) in the wild group, the wild group had longer OS than homdel group with low immune infiltration (Log-rank test, p = 0.003, Hazard Ratio: 0.5, 95% CI: 0.29-0.88), while had the same OS with homdel with high immune infiltration, irrespective of immune infiltration. And so was PFS (Log-rank test, p = 0.005, Hazard Ratio: 0.48, 95% CI: 0.27-0.82). Conclusions: CDKN2A/B homdel was an unfavorable prognostic factor for LUAD, but which with high immune infiltration might improve patient survival time.

Adjunctive bright light treatment with gradual advance in unipolar major depressive disorder with evening chronotype – A randomized controlled trial

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Joey WY Chan ◽  
SP Lam ◽  
Shirley X Li ◽  
Steven WH Chau ◽  
SY Chan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Survival Analysis ◽  
Remission Rate ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Bright Light ◽  
Light Therapy ◽  
Adjunctive Treatment ◽  
Rank Test ◽  
Proportional Hazard ◽  
Bright Light Therapy ◽  
Cox Proportional Hazard

Abstract Background Unipolar non-seasonal depressed patients with concomitant evening chronotype were associated with poor clinical outcomes and higher non-remission rate. This study aims to examine the efficacy of adjunctive bright light therapy with gradual timing advance in a randomized, assessor and prescriber-blinded controlled trial. Method Participants were randomly allocated to receive 5 weeks of either bright white light therapy (BLT) or dim red light (DRL) with the same advancement protocol. Participants were followed up till 5 months after treatment. Primary outcomes included (i) remission rate and (ii) the severity of depression. The analysis was conducted using Kaplan–Meier survival analysis, Cox proportional hazard analysis and linear mixed models. Results A total of 93 participants (46.4 ± 11.7 years old, 80% female) were randomized. The cumulative remission rate for the BLT and the DRL groups was 67.4% and 46.7%, respectively. Time to remission was shorter for the BLT group relative to the DRL group (log-rank test p = 0.024). Cox proportional hazard survival analysis showed that patients in the BLT group had a higher probability of achieving remission relative to patients in the DRL group [hazard ratio = 1.9 (95% CI = 1.1– 3.4), p = 0.026]. Further sensitivity analysis demonstrated greater improvement in 17-Hamilton Depression Score (group × time interaction, p = 0.04) in the BLT group for those who were adherent to light therapy. Conclusions The use of bright light therapy with gradual advance protocol is an effective adjunctive treatment resulting in quicker and a higher rate of remission of depression in patients with non-seasonal unipolar depression and evening-chronotype.

scholarly journals The Impact of Beta Blockers on Survival in Heart Transplant Recipients: Insights from the Zabrze HTx Registry

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Grzegorz M. Kubiak ◽  
Radosław Kwieciński ◽  
Agnieszka Ciarka ◽  
Andrzej Tukiendorf ◽  
Piotr Przybyłowski ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Beta Blockers ◽  
Rank Test ◽  
Proportional Hazard ◽  
Transplant Recipients ◽  
Entire Cohort ◽  
Reactive Protein ◽  
Cox Proportional Hazard ◽  
Log Rank Test ◽  
Cox Proportional Hazard Regression ◽  
The Impact

Introduction. The data assessing the impact of beta blocker (BB) medication on survival in patients after heart transplantation (HTx) are scarce and unequivocal; therefore, we investigated this population. Methods. We retrospectively analyzed the HTx Zabrze Registry of 380 consecutive patients who survived the 30-day postoperative period. Results. The percentage of patients from the entire cohort taking BBs was as follows: atenolol 24 (17%), bisoprolol 67 (49%), carvedilol 11 (8%), metoprolol 28 (20%), and nebivolol 8 (6%). The patients receiving BBs were older (56.94 ± 14.68 years vs. 52.70 ± 15.35 years, p=0.008) and experienced an onset of HTx earlier in years (11.65 ± 7.04 vs. 7.24 ± 5.78 p≤0.001). They also had higher hematocrit (0.40 ± 0.05 vs. 0.39 ± 0.05, p=0.022) and red blood cells (4.63 (106/μl) ± 0.71 vs. 4.45 (106/μl) ± 0.68, p=0.015). Survival according to BB medication did not differ among the groups (p=0.655) (log-rank test). Univariate Cox proportional hazard regression analysis revealed that the following parameters were associated with unfavorable diagnosis: serum concentration of albumin (g/l) HR: 0.87, 95% CI (0.81–0.94), p=0.0004; fibrinogen (mg/dl) HR: 1.006, 95% CI (1.002–1.008), p=0.0017; and C-reactive protein (mg/l) HR: 1.014, 95% CI (1.004–1.023), p=0.0044. Conclusions. The use of BBs in our cohort of patients after HTx was not associated with survival benefits.

scholarly journals Mortality calculator as a possible prognostic predictor for overall survival after gastrectomy in elderly patients with gastric cancer

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hidenori Akaike ◽  
Yoshihiko Kawaguchi ◽  
Suguru Maruyama ◽  
Katsutoshi Shoda ◽  
Ryo Satio ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gastric Cancer ◽  
Overall Survival ◽  
Prognostic Factors ◽  
Elderly Patients ◽  
Rank Test ◽  
Proportional Hazard ◽  
Mortality And Morbidity ◽  
Neutrophil Lymphocyte Ratio ◽  
Cox Proportional Hazard ◽  
Long Term Follow Up

Abstract Background The number of elderly patients with gastric cancer (elderGC) has been increasing. Most of elderly patients were associated with reduced physiological functions, which sometimes constitute an obstacle to safe surgical treatments. The risk calculator of National Clinical Database (NRC), a Japanese surgical big database, provides mortality and morbidity as surgical-related risks. The purpose of this study is to investigate clinical significance of operative mortality calculated by NRC (NRC-mortality) during long-term follow-up after gastrectomy for elderGC.Methods We enrolled 73 patients aged 80 or over who underwent gastrectomy at our institution. Their surgical risk was evaluated based on the NRC-mortality. Several clinicopathological factors including NRC-mortality were selected and analyzed as possible prognostic factors for elderGC after gastrectomy. Statistical analysis was performing using the log-rank test and Cox proportional hazard model.Results NRC-mortality ranged 0.5 to 10.6%, and median value was 1.7%. Dividing elderGC into high- (1.7% or more, n=38) and low- (less than 1.7%, n=35) mortality groups, high-mortality group showed a significantly poor prognosis in overall survival (OS) than the low-mortality group, whereas there was no difference between the two groups in disease specific survival (DSS). In the analysis of Cox proportional hazard model, multivariate analysis revealed that NRC-mortality was an independent prognostic factor as well as neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio and surgical procedure in OS. In contrast, PS and pStage were independent prognostic factors in DSS, but not NRC-mortality.Conclusions The NRC-mortality might be clinical useful for not only predicting surgical mortality but also OS after gastrectomy in elderGC.

scholarly journals Neonatal, Infant and Under-Five Mortality: an Application of Cox Proportional Hazard Model to Bdhs Data

2018 ◽  
Vol 44 (1) ◽  
pp. 7-14
Author(s):  
Shahnaz Nilima ◽  
Rebeka Sultana ◽  
Shahjadi Ireen
Keyword(s):  
Maternal Education ◽  
Hazard Model ◽  
Rank Test ◽  
Bivariate Analysis ◽  
Cox Proportional Hazard Model ◽  
Proportional Hazard ◽  
Proportional Hazard Model ◽  
Under Five ◽  
Cox Proportional Hazard ◽  
Size At Birth

This study utilizes data derived from the Bangladesh demographic and health survey (BDHS), 2014 to identify the determinants of neonatal, infant and under-five mortality in Bangladesh. Log-rank test has been used for bivariate analysis. Regression analysis has been performed by applying Cox proportional hazard model to the data. It has been found from the analysis that maternal education, region, exposure to NGO activities are significant determinants of under-five and infant mortality whereas region, gender of child, child’s size at birth play significant role in reducing neonatal mortality in Bangladesh. The findings of the study suggest that policymakers should give priority on maternal education, region, and child’s size at birth as well as exposure to NGO activities to reduce neonatal, infant and under-five mortality in Bangladesh. Asiat. Soc. Bangladesh, Sci. 44(1): 7-14, June 2018

Survival outcome of ampullary and duodenal adenocarcinomas.

2013 ◽  
Vol 31 (15_suppl) ◽  
pp. e14579-e14579
Author(s):  
Walid Labib Shaib ◽  
Rahul Sharma ◽  
Sungjin Kim ◽  
Zhengjia Chen ◽  
John S. Kauh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Early Stage ◽  
Rank Test ◽  
Proportional Hazard ◽  
Equal Distribution ◽  
Cox Proportional Hazard ◽  
Kaplan Meier ◽  
Survival Difference ◽  
Significant Survival ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Emory University

e14579 Background: Adenocarcinomas of the duodenum are divided into two locations: ampullary (AMP) and duodenal (DA). AMP represents 2% of all gastrointestinal (GI) malignancies and commonly present with tumor related obstruction of the common bile duct. DA is rare, and constitutes 0.4% of GI but 45% of small bowel malignancies. The literature regarding treatment and outcome of DA and AMP is very limited. The objective of this project is to evaluate the outcome for these cancers. Methods: After IRB approval, AMP and DA patients were identified from Emory University database. A chart review from July 1995 to July 2012 was conducted. Data was collected for demographic characteristics, pathology, treatment and survival.Survival rates were estimated by Kaplan Meier method and compared with Log-rank test. A Cox proportional hazard model was fitted to estimate the adjusted effect of AMP versus DA on overall survival (OS). Results: A total of 162 patients with AMP (94) and DA (68) were identified. Median age at diagnosis for AMP was 62 and for DA was 63 years. Equal distribution of males and females was found in both locations. No difference was found comparing grade of the tumors. There was a difference in race. DA presented with larger primary tumor compared to AMP. DA presented with advanced stage. Treatment was driven by stage and included surgery, surgery followed by adjuvant chemotherapy (5-FU based) +/- radiation or chemotherapy alone. Median OS of 27.5 for AMP and 19.3 months for DA, not statistically significant difference. Adjusting for stage, no significant survival difference was observed (HR=0.88 95%CI=0.54 – 1.46, p=0.63). Conclusions: Race, size, stage and treatment were different comparing AMP to DA. Majority of AMP had early stage and were treated with surgery; DA tends to present at a late stage. When accounting for stage and location, the OS was not significantly different. [Table: see text]

Prognostic factor of distal bile duct cancer (DBDC) and ampullary cancer (AC) after pancreatoduodenectomy.

2017 ◽  
Vol 35 (4_suppl) ◽  
pp. 333-333
Author(s):  
Shinjiro Tomiyasu ◽  
Keita Sakamoto ◽  
Mitsuhiro Inoue ◽  
Masayoshi Iizaka ◽  
Nobuyuki Ozaki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Prognostic Factors ◽  
Prognostic Factor ◽  
Poor Prognosis ◽  
Univariate Analysis ◽  
Good Prognosis ◽  
Tract Cancer ◽  
Node Metastasis ◽  
Duodenal Invasion ◽  
Duct Cancer ◽  
Pancreatic Invasion

333 Background: Ampullay cancer (AC) is relatively good prognosis in the biliary tract cancer. Such as LN metastasis, pancreatic invasion is a prognostic factor in AC. On the other hand, Distal bile duct cancer (DBDC) is somewhat good prognosis in the biliary tract cancer. Such as ductal resection margin positive is a prognostic factor in DBDC. There are few papers considered to both difference. Therefore, we conducted this study to examine the difference of AC and DBDC. Methods: To evaluate Cancer-Specific Survival (CaSS), Recurrence-Free Survival (RFS) and prognostic factors after pancreatoduodenectomy (including pylorus-preserving pancreatoduodenectomy: PPPD, subtotal stomach-preserving pancreatoduodenectomy: SSPPD) based on a series of 80 patients of AC and 36 patients of DBDC from 1996 to 2015. We reviewed and analyzed the clinicopathologic data, recurrence and survival. Results: Five years CaSS and RFS of AC were 72.3% and 72.5%. In univariate analysis, pancreatic invasion, R1or R2 resection, duodenal invasion and lymph node metastasis are significantly poor prognosis. In multivariate analysis, pancreatic invasion and R1or R2 resection are poor prognostic factors (pancreatic invasion, p = 0.0012, hazard ratio (HR) 5.65 [confidence interval (CI) 1.92-19.5 95%], R1or R2 resection, p = 0.0043, HR 6.22 [CI 1.68-40.2 95%]). On the other hand, five years CaSS and RFS of DBDC were 35.8% and 46.8%. In univariate analysis, pancreatic invasion (+) ≥ 5 mm in depth, and duodenal invasion are significantly poor prognosis. In multivariate analysis, duodenal invasion is the only poor prognostic factors (p = 0.0227, HR 2.90 [CI 1.16-7.39 95%]). Conclusions: DBDC is considerable poor prognosis compared with AC. Lymph node metastasis is not prognostic factor depends on D2 LN dissection in AC, than pancreatic invasion. Cancer cells invaded pancreatic parenchyma in AC; pancreatic invasion may be the most important prognostic factor by biology-like pancreatic cancer. Duodenal invasion in DBDC was prognostic factor reflects the degree of development of the cancer beyond pancreatic parenchyma. Further clinicopathological and biological studies are needed to confirm our findings.

Abstract 1701: Soluble Receptor for Advanced Glycation End Products (RAGE) is a Prognostic Factor for Heart Failure

Circulation ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 116 (suppl_16) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yo Koyama ◽  
Yasuchika Takeishi ◽  
Takeshi Niizeki ◽  
Satoshi Suzuki ◽  
Tatsuro Kitahara ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heart Failure ◽  
Prognostic Factor ◽  
Hazard Analysis ◽  
Functional Class ◽  
Proportional Hazard ◽  
Cardiac Events ◽  
Cox Proportional Hazard ◽  
Soluble Rage ◽  
Glycation End Products ◽  
Patients With Heart Failure

Background: It is known that oxidative stress is increased in patients with heart failure. Advanced glycation end products (AGE) are generated nonenzymatically by glycation and oxidation of proteins. We have recently reported that serum level AGE is an independent prognostic factor for heart failure. Receptor for AGE (RAGE) has a secretory isoform of the receptor protein, termed soluble RAGE. In the present study, we measured serum soluble RAGE levels in patients with heart failure. Methods: Serum soluble RAGE level was measured in 160 patients with heart failure and 40 control subjects. Patients were prospectively followed with endpoints of cardiac death or re-hospitalization. Results: Serum soluble RAGE level was increased with advancing NYHA functional class (figure 1 ). We determined the cut-off value of serum soluble RAGE level to predict cardiac events from ROC curve analysis as 1220 pg/ml (sensitivity 0.60, specificity 0.69). As shown in figure 2 , high serum soluble RAGE groups (>1220 pg/ml) had a significantly lower cardiac event-free rate (P = 0.0004) than low serum soluble RAGE groups (≥ 1220 pg/ml). In the univariate Cox proportional hazard analysis, serum soluble RAGE, age, NYHA functional class, creatinine, B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP), left ventricular end-diastolic diameter (LVEDD) were significantly associated with cardiac events. In the multivariate Cox proportional hazard analysis, serum soluble RAGE and plasma BNP were independent risk factors for cardiac events (soluble RAGE: HR 2.22, 95% CI 1.08 - 4.53, P = 0.029; BNP: HR 2.86, 95% CI 1.11 - 7.37, P = 0.029). Conclusions: Serum soluble RAGE level is a novel independent prognostic factor for heart failure.

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