scholarly journals 1644. Performance of Symptom-Based Case Definitions to Identify Influenza Virus Infection among Pregnant Women in Middle-Income Countries: Findings from the Pregnancy and Influenza Multinational Epidemiologic (PRIME) Study

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. S600-S600
Author(s):  
Meredith G Wesley ◽  
Yeny Tinoco ◽  
Archana Patel ◽  
Piyarat Suntarattiwong ◽  
Danielle R Hunt ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Sensitivity And Specificity ◽  
Univariate Analysis ◽  
Influenza Virus Infection ◽  
Case Definition ◽  
World Health ◽  
Influenza Surveillance ◽  
Multivariable Model ◽  
Case Definitions ◽  
Runny Nose

Abstract Background The World Health Organization (WHO) recommends case definitions for influenza surveillance that are also used in public health research, though their performance has not been assessed in many risk groups, including pregnant women in whom influenza may manifest differently. Â We evaluated the performance of symptom-based case definitions to detect influenza in a cohort of pregnant women in India, Peru, and Thailand. Methods In 2017, we contacted 4774 pregnant women twice a week during the influenza season to identify illnesses with new or worsened cough, runny nose, sore throat, difficulty breathing or myalgia, and collected data on other symptoms and nasal swabs for influenza rRT–PCR testing. To identify symptom predictors of influenza, we used multivariable logistic regression with forward selection of symptoms significant in univariate analysis after controlling for country, chronic conditions, influenza vaccination, and time from symptom onset to swab collection. We calculated sensitivity and specificity of each symptom, WHO respiratory illness case definitions and a case definition based on significant predictors from the multivariable model. Results Of 2431 eligible illness episodes among 1,716 participants, 142 (5.8%) were positive for influenza. Among individual symptoms, runny nose was most sensitive and measured fever ≥ 38° Celsius was most specific (Figure 1). In a multivariable model, measured fever ≥ 38° Celsius [adjusted odds ratio = 3.8, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 2.0–7.2], cough [2.7, CI 1.6–4.7], chills [2.2, CI 1.2–3.8], and myalgia [1.2, CI 2.2, 5.3] were independently associated with influenza illness. A case definition based on these four (measured fever, cough, chills or myalgia), was 91%-sensitive and 37% specific. Sensitivity and specificity of case definitions varied (Figure 2). Conclusion While a case definition based on one or more of fever, chills, cough or myalgia is highly-sensitive and moderately specific among pregnant women, case definitions requiring measured or subjective fever may miss many influenza cases making them sub-optimal for studies of burden or vaccine efficacy. The intended use of case definitions should be considered when evaluating the tradeoff between sensitivity and specificity. Disclosures All authors: No reported disclosures.

scholarly journals Performance of symptom-based case definitions to identify influenza virus infection among pregnant women in middle-income countries: findings from the Pregnancy and Influenza Multinational Epidemiologic (PRIME) Study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Meredith G Wesley ◽  
Yeny Tinoco ◽  
Archana Patel ◽  
Piyarat Suntarratiwong ◽  
Danielle Hunt ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Predictive Value ◽  
De Novo ◽  
Influenza Virus Infection ◽  
Respiratory Illness ◽  
Risk Groups ◽  
Case Definition ◽  
World Health ◽  
Influenza Surveillance ◽  
Case Definitions

Abstract Background The World Health Organization (WHO) recommends case definitions for influenza surveillance that are also used in public health research, though their performance has not been assessed in many risk groups, including pregnant women in whom influenza may manifest differently. We evaluated the performance of symptom-based definitions to detect influenza in a cohort of pregnant women in India, Peru, and Thailand. Methods In 2017 and 2018, we contacted 11,277 pregnant women twice weekly during the influenza season to identify illnesses with new or worsened cough, runny nose, sore throat, difficulty breathing or myalgia, and collected data on other symptoms and nasal swabs for influenza rRT-PCR testing. We calculated sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value and negative predictive value of each symptom-predictor, WHO respiratory illness case definitions and a de novo definition derived from results of multivariable modelling. Results Of 5,444 eligible illness episodes among 3,965 participants, 310 (6%) were positive for influenza. In a multivariable model, measured fever ≥38° Celsius (adjusted odds ratio = 4.6, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 3.1, 6.8), myalgia (3.0, 95% CI: 2.2, 4.0), cough (2.7, 95% CI: 1.9, 3.9), and chills (1.6, 95% CI: 1.1, 2.4) were independently associated with influenza illness. A definition based on these four (measured fever, cough, chills or myalgia), was 95% sensitive and 27% specific. The WHO influenza-like illness (ILI) definition was 16% sensitive and 98% specific. Conclusions The current WHO ILI case definition was highly specific but had low sensitivity. The intended use of case definitions should be considered when evaluating the tradeoff between sensitivity and specificity.

scholarly journals Evaluation of the diagnostic utility of case definitions to detect influenza virus infection in Vojvodina, Serbia

2020 ◽  
Vol 148 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 100-105
Author(s):  
Mioljub Ristic ◽  
Vladimir Petrovic
Keyword(s):  
Type A ◽  
Case Definition ◽  
World Health ◽  
Influenza Surveillance ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Type B ◽  
Case Definitions ◽  
Influenza Type ◽  
Epidemic Period ◽  
Definition Of

Introduction/Objective. A case definition recommended by the World Health Organization is commonly used for influenza surveillance worldwide. The aim of this study was to evaluate prognostic values of proposed case definitions of Influenza Like Illness (ILI), Severe Acute Respiratory Illness (SARI) and Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS) for laboratory confirmed-influenza and to compare the age distribution of influenza patients across virus types and subtypes in Vojvodina. Methods. We conducted a descriptive epidemiological study using surveillance reports and laboratory data from October 1, 2010 to May 20, 2017 (seven surveillance seasons). Results. We included 2,937 participants, 48.6% of whom were laboratory-confirmed influenza cases, and most of the confirmed cases (30.1%) were detected in February. In the 15?29 years age group, the type A influenza (H3N2) was more frequent among patients with ILI (54.9% vs. 34.2%, p = 0.040), and less frequent in patients with SARI (39.4% vs. 65.8%, p = 0.009) compared with influenza type B. In patients aged 30?64 years with ARDS, influenza type B was more common than influenza type A (H3N2) (13.4% vs. 6.2%, p = 0.032), but less common in compared to influenza type A (H1N1) pdm09 (13.4% vs. 25.7%, p = 0.017). The SARI case definition of influenza was associated with an increased likelihood of laboratoryconfirmed influenza for all age groups (p < 0.05). During the epidemic period, it was observed that the ILI case definition had the highest diagnostic value for influenza in the age group 5?14 (AUC = 0.733; 95% CI: 0.704?0.764), while the SARI and ARDS case definitions were the best predictors of influenza for patients 15?29 years of age (AUC = 0.565; 95% CI: 0.504?0.615 and AUC = 0.708; 95% CI: 0.489?0.708, respectively). The case definition of ARDS had the maximum sensitivity (100%) among patients 15?29 years of age. Conclusion. The proposed case definitions of influenza appeared to be good predictors of influenza and therefore can be useful for influenza surveillance, especially in the countries with limited laboratory capacities.

scholarly journals Performance of influenza case definitions for influenza community surveillance: based on the French influenza surveillance network GROG, 2009-2014

2017 ◽  
Vol 22 (14) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jean-Sebastien Casalegno ◽  
Daniel Eibach ◽  
Martine Valette ◽  
Vincent Enouf ◽  
Isabelle Daviaud ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Influenza Infection ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Case Definition ◽  
World Health ◽  
Influenza Surveillance ◽  
Case Definitions ◽  
Surveillance Network ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Influenza Case ◽  
Health Organization

International case definitions recommended by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), the European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control (ECDC), and the World Health Organization (WHO) are commonly used for influenza surveillance. We evaluated clinical factors associated with the laboratory-confirmed diagnosis of influenza and the performance of these influenza case definitions by using a complete dataset of 14,994 patients with acute respiratory infection (ARI) from whom a specimen was collected between August 2009 and April 2014 by the Groupes Régionaux d’Observation de la Grippe (GROG), a French national influenza surveillance network. Cough and fever ≥ 39 °C most accurately predicted an influenza infection in all age groups. Several other symptoms were associated with an increased risk of influenza (headache, weakness, myalgia, coryza) or decreased risk (adenopathy, pharyngitis, shortness of breath, otitis/otalgia, bronchitis/ bronchiolitis), but not throughout all age groups. The WHO case definition for influenza-like illness (ILI) had the highest specificity with 21.4%, while the ECDC ILI case definition had the highest sensitivity with 96.1%. The diagnosis among children younger than 5 years remains challenging. The study compared the performance of clinical influenza definitions based on outpatient surveillance and will contribute to improving the comparability of data shared at international level.

HUBUNGAN ANTARA PENDIDIKAN DAN PEKERJAAN IBU HAMIL DENGAN PEMERIKSAAN KEHAMILAN DI PUSKESMAS MARIANA KECAMATAN BANYUASIN I KABUPATEN BANYUASIN TAHUN 2011

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Leny Leny
Keyword(s):  
Prenatal Care ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Maternal Education ◽  
Statistical Tests ◽  
Univariate Analysis ◽  
World Health ◽  
P Value ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Health Organization

ABSTRACT Prenatal care is health care by health personnel to care the pregnant according to standards. Worlrd Health Organization (WHO) estimates more than 500.000 women die during pregnancy or childbirth. Maternal mortality in Indonesia is 307 per 100,000 live births. The quantity of pregnant women’s visit in Kabupaten Banyuasin in 2009 of 89.1%. The purpose of this study to determine the relationship between education and occupation with prenatal care at Puskesmas Mariana  Kecamatan Banyuasin I Kabupaten Banyuasin in 2011. This study uses analytic approach survey by Cross Sectional methods, the population are 1.946 pregnant women and the samples as many as 332 people. The results of univariate analysis study of pregnant women who are higher education as much as 45.2%, and  low maternal education as much as 54.8%. In pregnant women who work of 43.4%, and pregnant women who do not work for 56.6%. From the results of bivariate analysis and Chi-Square statistical tests found a significant association between education of pregnant women with prenatal care with P Value = 0.000, and there was a significant association between occupation of pregnant women with prenatal care with P Value = 0.000. Can be concluded that there is a relationship between education and occupation of pregnant women with prenatal care. Expected to health workers to provide counseling on the importance of prenatal care in pregnant women and expected future studies may explore again the factors associated with prenatal care with the different variables.   ABSTRAK Pemeriksaan kehamilan adalah pelayanan kesehatan oleh tenaga kesehatan untuk memeriksakan ibu hamil sesuai standar. World Health Organization (WHO) memperkirakan lebih dari 500.000 ibu pertahunnya meninggal saat hamil atau bersalin. AKI di Indonesia 307 per 100.000 kelahiran hidup. Jumlah kunjungan ibu hamil di Kabupaten Banyuasin tahun 2009 sebesar 89,1%. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui hubungan antara pendidikan dan pekerjaan dengan pemeriksaan kehamilan di Puskesmas Mariana Kecamatan Banyuasin I Kabupaten Banyuasin tahun  2011. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode survey analitik dengan pendekatan Cross Sectional, populasi ibu hamil dengan jumlah 1.946 orang dan jumlah sampel sebanyak 332 orang. Hasil penelitian Analisa Univariat adalah ibu hamil yang pendidikan tinggi sebanyak 45,2%, dan pendidikan rendah ibu hamil sebanyak 54,8%. Pada variabel pekerjaan ibu hamil yang bekerja sebesar 43,4%, dan ibu hamil yang tidak bekerja sebesar 56,6%. Dari hasil analisa bivariat dan uji statistik Chi-Square  didapatkan hubungan yang bermakna antara pendidikan ibu hamil dengan pemeriksaan kehamilan dengan  P Value = 0,000, dan ada hubungan yang bermakna antara pekerjaan ibu hamil dengan pemeriksaan kehamilan dengan P Value = 0,000. Dapat disimpulkan bahwa ada hubungan antara pendidikan dan pekerjaan ibu hamil dengan pemeriksaan kehamilan. Diharapkan kepada petugas kesehatan agar dapat memberikan penyuluhan tentang pentingnya pemeriksaan pada ibu hamil dan diharapkan penelitian yang akan datang dapat menggali lagi faktor-faktor yang berhubungan dengan pemeriksaan kehamilan dengan variabel yang berbeda.

scholarly journals Performance of surveillance case definitions for respiratory syncytial virus infections through the sentinel influenza surveillance system, Portugal, 2010 to 2018

2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (45) ◽  
Author(s):  
Emma Sáez-López ◽  
Pedro Pechirra ◽  
Inês Costa ◽  
Paula Cristóvão ◽  
Patrícia Conde ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Respiratory Syncytial Virus ◽  
Characteristic Curve ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Case Definition ◽  
Influenza Surveillance ◽  
Surveillance Systems ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Case Definitions ◽  
Rsv Infection ◽  
Syncytial Virus

Background Well-established influenza surveillance systems (ISS) can be used for respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) surveillance. In Portugal, RSV cases are detected through the ISS using the European Union (EU) influenza-like illness (ILI) case definition. Aim To investigate clinical predictors for RSV infection and how three case definitions (EU ILI, a modified EU acute respiratory infection, and one respiratory symptom) performed in detecting RSV infections in Portugal. Methods This observational retrospective study used epidemiological and laboratory surveillance data (October 2010–May 2018). Associations between clinical characteristics and RSV detection were analysed using logistic regression. Accuracy of case definitions was assessed through sensitivity, specificity, and area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC). A 0.05 significance level was accepted. Results The study involved 6,523 persons, including 190 (2.9%) RSV cases. Among 183 cases with age information, RSV infection was significantly more frequent among individuals < 5 years (n = 23; 12.6%) and ≥ 65 years (n = 45; 24.6%) compared with other age groups (p < 0.0001). Cough (odds ratio (OR): 2.4; 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.2–6.5) was the best RSV-infection predictor considering all age groups, while shortness of breath was particularly associated with RSV-positivity among ≤ 14 year olds (OR: 6.7; 95% CI: 2.6–17.4 for 0–4 year olds and OR: 6.7; 95% CI: 1.5–28.8 for 5–14 year olds). Systemic symptoms were significantly associated with RSV-negative and influenza-positive cases. None of the case definitions were suitable to detect RSV infections (AUC = 0.51). Conclusion To avoid underestimating the RSV disease burden, RSV surveillance within the Portuguese sentinel ISS would require a more sensitive case definition than ILI and, even a different case definition according to age.

scholarly journals PENGETAHUAN BERHUBUNGAN DENGAN TINDAKAN IBU HAMIL DALAM MENGKONSUMSI TABLET ZAT BESI

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 295-302
Author(s):  
Naili Rahmawati
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
World Health Organization ◽  
Univariate Analysis ◽  
World Health ◽  
Good Knowledge ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Independent Practice ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
Spearman Test

KNOWLEDGE RELATING TO PREGNANT WOMEN'S ACTIONS IN EATING IRON TABLETS Background: According WHO (World Health Organization), in developing countries there are 40% of maternal deaths related to anemia during pregnancy. The frequency of pregnant women in Indonesia who experience anemia is still very high, namely 63.5% compared to only 6% in America. The number of pregnant women who experience anemia is due to a lack of knowledge of the mother, amounting to 45.6% of pregnant women do not know the consequences of anemia, do not regularly consume Fe tablets, and do not understand how to consume Fe tablets properly. Knowledge is a very important domain in shaping one's actions. Knowledge is one of the factors to create a person’s attitude. Good knowledge about the importance of iron will create a positive attitude towards adherence in consuming iron tablets. Knowledge of the benefits of something can affect the intention to participate in an activity. Knowledge of the benefits and bad consequences of something will create an attitude an intention, then from that attitude an intention will be arisen. The next intention will determine whether the activity will be carried out or not.Purpose: The objective of  this study is to determine  the correlation of knowledge and actions of pregnant women in  consuming iron tablet at the Midwives Independent Practice ‘I’.Methods:  This research is a quantitative study with cross sectional approach. Data were collected using primary data. The research was conducted in August - September 2019. The population in this study were pregnant women at Praktik Mandiri Midwife I, as a sample. In this study, some of the pregnant women at the Midwife's Independent Practice I. Sampling was carried out using the accidental sumpling technique as many as 30 people. With the inclusion criteria, they can write, read, understand Indonesian and be in good health. Researchers used primary data, namely data obtained by interviewing a questionnaire instrument. Analysis of the data used in this study consisted of two stages of analysis as follows: univariate analysis. Univariate analysis and analysis of research data were carried out using the Spearman test.Results: The results showed that 97% of pregnant women had good knowledge, 3% of pregnant women with less knowledge, and 100% of pregnant women with positive action in consuming iron tablets. Bivariate analysis using the Spearman test shows that there is a significant relationship between knowledge and actions of pregnant women in consuming iron tablets.Conclusions: There is  a significant correlation conclusion between knowledge and actions of pregnant women in consuming iron tablets . To increase the knowledge and actions of pregnant women in consuming iron tablets is required a counseling routinely and  incresed distribution of iron tablet through cross program and cross sectoral activities. Suggestion to increase the knowledge of pregnant women in consuming iron tablets, it is necessary to conduct regular counseling by midwives in collaboration with the health center. Keywords: knowledge, actions, pregnant women, iron tablet ABSTRAK Latar Belakang: Menurut WHO (World Health Organization), di negara berkembang terdapat 40 % kematian ibu berkaitan dengan anemia dalam kehamilan. Frekuensi ibu hamil di Indonesia yang mengalami anemia masih sangat tinggi yaitu 63,5% dibandingkan di Amerika hanya 6 %. Banyaknya ibu hamil yang mengalami anemia disebabkan karena kurangnya pengetahuan ibu, sebesar 45,6% ibu hamil tidak mengetahui akibat dari anemia, tidak teratur dalam mengkonsumsi tablet Fe, dan tidak memahami cara mengkonsumsi tablet Fe secara tepat. Pengetahuan merupakan domain yang sangat penting dalam membentuk tindakan seseorang. Pengetahuan adalah salah satu faktor yang membentuk sikap seseorang. Pengetahuan yang baik  tentang pentingnya zat besi akan membentuk sikap yang positif terhadap kepatuhan dalam mengkonsumsi tablet zat besi. Pengetahuan tentang manfaat sesuatu hal dapat mempengaruhi niat untuk ikut dalam suatu kegiatan, Pengetahuan akan segi manfaat dan akibat buruk sesuatu hal akan membentuk sikap, kemudian dari sikap itu akan muncul niat. Niat yang selanjutnya akan menentukan apakah kegiatan akan dilakukan atau tidak.Tujuan: Mengetahui Hubungan antara Pengetahuan dengan Tindakan Ibu Hamil dalam mengkonsumsi Tablet Zat Besi di Praktik Mandiri Bidan ‘I’.Metode: Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kuantitatif dengan pendekatan cross sectional. Data yang dikumpulkan menggunakan data primer. Penelitian dilakukan pada bulan Agustus - September 2019. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah ibu hamil di Praktik Mandiri Bidan I, Sampel dalam penelitian ini adalah sebagian dari ibu hamil di Praktik Mandiri Bidan I. Pengambilan sampel dilakukan dengan teknik accidental sumpling sebanyak 30 orang. Dengan kriteria inklusi bisa menulis,  membaca, memahami bahasa indonesia dan dalam kondisi sehat. Peneliti menggunakan data primer, yaitu data yang diperoleh dengan wawancara dg instrument kuesioner. Analisis data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini terdiri dari dua tahapan analisis sebagai berikut: analisis univariat Analisis univariat dan Analisis data penelitian dilakukan dengan menggunakan uji Spearman.Hasil: Hasil penelitian diperoleh 97%  ibu hamil memiliki pengetahuan baik, dan 3% ibu hamil dengan pengetahuan kurang, dan 100% ibu hamil dengan tindakan positif dalam mengkonsumsi tablet besi. Analisis bivariat dengan uji spearman diketahui bahwa terdapat hubungan yang bermakna antara pengetahuan dengan tindakan ibu hamil dalam mengkonsumsi tablet zat besi.Kesimpulan : Terdapat hubungan antara pengetahuan dengan tindakan ibu hamil dalam  mengkonsumsi tablet besi.Saran Untuk meningkatkan pengetahuan ibu hamil dalam mengkonsumsi tablet zat besi perlu dilakukan penyuluhan secara rutin oleh bidan dengan kerjasama dengan puskesmas. Kata Kunci : pengetahuan, tindakan, ibu hamil, tablet besi 

scholarly journals Global Lessons and Potential Strategies in Combating COVID-19 Pandemic in Ethiopia: Systematic Review

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Yimam Getaneh ◽  
Yimam Getaneh ◽  
Ajanaw Yizengaw ◽  
Sisasy Adane ◽  
Kidist Zealiyas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Early Detection ◽  
Rapid Test ◽  
Case Definition ◽  
International Travel ◽  
Mitigation Strategies ◽  
World Health ◽  
Contact Tracing ◽  
Case Definitions ◽  
Global Challenge ◽  
Environmental Measures

Background: Coronavirus disease 2019 (CoVID-19) is a rapidly emerging disease that has been classified a pandemic by the World Health Organization (WHO). In the absence of treatment for this virus, there is an urgent need to find alternative public health strategies to control the spread. Here, we have conducted an online search and summarize the global COVID-19 pandemic situation and recommend potential mitigation strategies in the context of Ethiopia. Result: The most common global COVID-19 mitigation strategies include, whole of government approach including individual, community and environmental measures, detecting and isolating cases, contact tracing and quarantine, social and physical distancing measures including for mass gatherings and international travel measures. Social and physical distancing alone could prevent the pandemic from 60-95%. Moreover, detecting and isolation of cases were found to be crucial while access to testing was found to the global challenge. Individual measures including proper hand washing were also reported to be effective measures in preventing the pandemic. Asymptomatic cases of COVID-19 ranged from 25% to 80% and as a result, countries are revising the case definition for early detection of mild symptomatic cases of COVID-19 with inclusion of Chills, Muscle pain and new loss of taste or smell in addition to Cough, Shortness of breath, Fever and Sore throat. Ethiopia is also unique in the aspects of sociocultural prospects while more than 99.3% of the population has a religion. Moreover, 69% of the population is under the age of 29 years old and the health policy in the country focused on prevention and primary health care. Conclusion: While recommendations may change depending on the level of outbreak, we conclude that in most countries have benefited from early interventions and in setups like Africa including Ethiopia where health system capability is limited, community engagement supported by local evidence with strict implementation of social and physical distancing measures is mandatory. Community level case detection could enhance early identification of cases. Validation and use of rapid test kits could be vital to increase access for testing. Revision of case definitions for COVID-19 could be important for early detection of cases.

scholarly journals Hubungan antara Kadar Hemoglobin Ibu Hamil Trimester III dengan Berat Badan Janin di Puskesmas Trauma Center Samarinda

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 137-143
Author(s):  
Tri Wahyuni ◽  
Rina Ayu Hanna
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Trauma Center ◽  
Univariate Analysis ◽  
Normal Weight ◽  
Fetal Weight ◽  
World Health ◽  
Bivariate Analysis ◽  
P Value ◽  
Third Trimester

Background: Hemoglobin is a widely used parameter to define the prevalence of anemia. Anemia in pregnant women will increase the risk of getting Infant Low Birth Weight (LBW), the risk of bleeding before and during delivery will even cause the death of the mother and baby if the mother is suffering from severe anemia. World Health Organization (WHO) recommends pregnant women ideal Hemoglobin levels were more than 11 g / dl. High and low levels of hemoglobin of pregnant women during pregnancy has an effect on birth weight because it can lead to impaired fetal growth in the womb.Objective: This study aimed to determine the relationship of the levels of Hemoglobin third trimester pregnant women with fetal weight in PHC Trauma Center Samarinda.Methods: This study is a descriptive correlationalapproach to time series. The study population was selurus third trimester pregnant women were recorded and checkups in Health Center Trauma Center corresponding inclusion criteria starting from the month of May to July 2017. The sample in this study with amethod total sampling with a total sample of 39 people. Instrument research using observation sheet. The collected data were analyzed by using univariate analysis (median and frequency distribution) and bivariate analysis techniques withtest. chi squareResults: It was found that there was a significant correlation between hemoglobin level third trimester pregnant women with fetal weight in PHC Trauma Center with P-value = 0.000.Conclusion: respondent characteristics in Puskeamas Trauma Center study that most of the respondents were in the age group 20-35 years as many as 33 people (84.6%) are mostly high school-educated respondents as many as 19 people (48.7%), most respondents were housewives as many as 26 people (66.7%), most respondents second pregnancy or more (multigravida) as many as 23 people (59.0%), most of the respondents had higher levels of hemoglobin to normal as many as 24 people (61.5%) and the majority of respondents have a baby of normal weight 21 persons (53.8%). There is a relationship Hemoglobin levels of third trimester pregnant women with fetal weight in PHC Trauma Center samarinda with P-value = 0,000 in obtaining the value of OR = 70,000.

scholarly journals 376. Sensitivity and Specificity of the WHO Probable SARS-CoV-2 Case Definition Among Symptomatic Healthcare Personnel

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. S290-S290
Author(s):  
Han Nguyen ◽  
Sarah Weber ◽  
Yachana Kataria ◽  
Manisha Cole ◽  
Elizabeth Duffy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sensitivity And Specificity ◽  
Predictive Value ◽  
Case Definition ◽  
World Health ◽  
Stepwise Logistic Regression ◽  
Care Providers ◽  
Final Model ◽  
Probable Case ◽  
Symptom Screening ◽  
Pcr Test

Abstract Background SARS-CoV-2 continues to spread globally, including in limited resource settings. It is therefore important to derive general case definitions that can be useful and accurate in the absence of timely test results. We aim to validate the World Health Organization (WHO) case definition, a symptom-screening tool currently used to identify SARS-CoV-2 cases in a cohort of symptomatic health care providers (HCP) who completed a symptom survey interview and received a PCR test at Boston Medical Center (BMC) between March 13, 2020 and May 5, 2020. Methods We classified each HCP as a probable or not probable case of SARS-CoV-2 based on the WHO case definition. Using PCR test as gold standard, we computed the sensitivity and specificity of the WHO case definition. We used a stepwise logistic regression model on all PCR-tested HCP to identify symptoms predictive of PCR positivity. Results Of 328 included HCP, 109 (33.2%) were PCR positive, 213 (64.9%) negative, and 6 (1.8%) had indeterminate test result. The sensitivity and specificity of the WHO case definition were 65.1% and 74.6%, respectively. The positive predictive value was 56.8% and the negative predictive value was 80.7%. Symptoms found to be predictive of PCR positivity were fever, headache, loss of smell and/or loss of taste, and muscle ache/joint pain. Sore throat was found to be predictive of PCR negativity. The area under the curve using the final model was 0.8412. All statistically significant symptoms included in the final model, were also included in the WHO case definition. Conclusion In our largely symptomatic HCP cohort, our model yielded similar symptoms to those identified in the WHO probable case definition. As seen in similar studies, it is unlikely that further adjustment will improve the performance of a SARS-CoV-2 case definition. However, it is concerning that 35% (38/109) of PCR positive SARS-CoV-2 HCP would have been classified as not probable cases by the WHO definition, given that this definition does not even include asymptomatic cases. This is further evidence for global building of laboratory capacity and development of affordable diagnostics to improve global pandemic control. Disclosures All Authors: No reported disclosures

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document