Introduction to the Ecological approach

2020 ◽  
pp. 130-140
Author(s):  
S. Nazrul Islam
Keyword(s):  
Industrial Revolution ◽  
Hydrological Cycle ◽  
Ecological Approach ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Active Approach ◽  
High Level ◽  
Post Industrial ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

Chapter 6 introduces the Ecological approach to rivers that arose in response to the adverse effects of the Commercial approach. It explains the distinction between the pre- and post-industrial Ecological approaches. While the former was a compulsion due to low level of technology, the latter is a choice made to avoid the negative consequences of high level of technology acquired through the Industrial Revolution. The chapter clarifies the relationship of the Ecological approach with the basin-wide approach to rivers. It also shows that the Ecological approach can be viwed as an enlightened anthropocentric view of river, which in practical terms is also compatible with the non-anthropocentric view. The chapter goes on to show that, contrary to the popular perception, the Ecological approach is an active approach, requiring sustained efforts along multiple directions. Instead of negating the role of rivers as a resource, the Ecological approach advocates the use of this resource while preserving the basic role of rivers in maintaining earth’s hydrological cycle and the unique ecologies of their basins. The Ecological approach thereby is more conducive to sustainable development than the Commercial approach.

Justice and employee engagement

2015 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 89-103 ◽  
Author(s):  
Manish Gupta ◽  
Yln Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Employee Engagement ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Mediating Role ◽  
Member Exchange ◽  
Challenging Environment ◽  
High Level ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to examine the mediating role of trust in the relationship of justice and employee engagement (EE) in Indian B-schools. Design/methodology/approach – Multiple regression was carried out on the responses obtained from 320 academics working in different Indian B-schools. Findings – The results showed that vertical trust (VT) partially mediates the procedural justice (PJ) and the EE relationship. Distributive justice, PJ, VT and EE were found to be significantly correlated with each other. Research limitations/implications – A very important implication from the findings is that the research will help the Indian B-schools engage their employees in a better manner and face the challenging environment. Future research can be carried out on finding the mediating effects of leader member exchange on VT-EE relationships with other levels of higher education. Originality/value – The current study empirically proved that a good level of PJ leads to a high level of VT and which ultimately results in engaged academics in Indian B-schools.

scholarly journals Risk, risk-reflection and the problem of the socio-political order

2020 ◽  
Vol 36 (3) ◽  
pp. 511-527
Author(s):  
Daur A. Abgadzhava ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Modern Society ◽  
Regulatory Function ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Costs And Benefits ◽  
Responsible Behavior ◽  
Comprehensive Knowledge ◽  
The Right ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

The article discusses the issues of risk and risk-reflection in modern societies. It also illustrates the role of the relationship of knowledge and power in the formation of ideas about risks and the importance of risk reflection in maintaining order. A modern society is viewed as a world formed on the basis of reflections and decisions. Risk reflections in risk management, understanding a situation and determining costs and benefits, are based on comprehensive knowledge provided by experts, professionals, authorities and, finally, the authorities. The configuration for exercising power is regulated by the configuration of knowledge or discourse, which controls the direction of information and the language that support and disseminate ideas that orient actors’ actions. Discourse determines awareness and an understanding of the risks that actors may face. The article notes that the problems are based on monopolization of the right to determine what is considered a risk as well as what is its scope and possibilities of implementation. In this regard, the discurse on risk for beneficiaries is the basis for public administration, as knowledge of risks and their negative consequences becomes a motive for responsible behavior, in which individuals otherwise interpret, control, and direct their behavior. The article concludes that by considering risks in a controlled order, the authorities legitimize them. Risks are viewed as a representation of reality and this allows for the ability to manage the risk’s impact. The regulatory function of power manifests itself indirectly, forming and transmitting knowledge and ideas. The purpose of power is a modification of behavior when an individual, acting independently, contributes to the achievement of the goals facing the power.

The Role Of Strategic Clarity In Entrepreneurial Organizations - an Exploratory Study Of The Opinions Of A Sample Of Faculty Members In The College Of Administration And Economics/ Qadisiyah University

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 127-143
Author(s):  
Hamadh Gijier Chermik
Keyword(s):  
Risk Taking ◽  
Main Tool ◽  
Faculty Members ◽  
Leadership Roles ◽  
Entrepreneurial Organizations ◽  
To Come ◽  
High Level ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

The purpose of the current research is to know the relationship of strategic clarity represented in (clarity of activities and procedures, clarity of goals, clarity of resource use, clarity role of employees, clarity of the organizational structure, clarity of leadership roles) that the studied sample possesses in the pilot organizations represented in (independence) , inventive, proactive, and risk-taking), The research relied on the questionnaire as a main tool to collect the necessary and necessary data to achieve its goal. As (67) forms were distributed to determine the level of availability of strategic clarity and leadership organizations, and accordingly (55) forms were used, which are valid for analysis. In addition, a set of statistical methods was used, represented by weighted mean, standard deviation, simple correlation coefficient Pearson, and simple regression coefficient. The results of the research showed a positive correlation and impact between strategic clarity and the pilot organizations of the studied sample. Which motivated the study to come up with a set of important results, perhaps the most prominent of which is the interest of the studied sample in encouraging its employees to develop their capabilities and enhance them in order to create good results that return to the studied study in a positive way reflected in achieving high-level profits.

scholarly journals PROPOSING A MODEL FOR ENTREPRENEURSHIP DEVELOPMENT: THE ROLE OF ENTREPRENEURS’ CASH WAQF INTENTION

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 183-204 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sherifah Oshioke Musa ◽  
Marhanum Che Mohd Salleh
Keyword(s):  
Theory Of Planned Behavior ◽  
Planned Behavior ◽  
Sem Analysis ◽  
Subjective Norms ◽  
Business Growth ◽  
Entrepreneurship Development ◽  
High Level ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

This paper aims to propose a model of entrepreneurship development by focusing on the role of cash waqf intention as a mediator on the relationship of cash waqf awareness, religiosity, attitude towards act, subjective norms, perceived behavioral and entrepreneurship development. By enhancing the theory of planned behavior, a structured question was designed to survey 459 Nigerian entrepreneurs. SEM analysis was used to test the theoretical framework and to propose a model of entrepreneurship development in Nigeria by means of Waqf. Result shows that the most important variables to explain entrepreneurs’ cash waqf intention for business growth are cash waqf awareness and attitude towards cash waqf. It is argued in this research that the presence of high level of cash waqf awareness and the attitude towards cash waqf can play an important role in achieving business growth. The paper extends the applicability of the theory of planned behavior, cash waqf awareness and religiosity in investigating the effect of cash waqf intention for business development.  

Management of Economics and State "Bottom"

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (6) ◽  
pp. 76-91
Author(s):  
E. D. Solozhentsev
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Probabilistic Models ◽  
Human Life ◽  
Special Software ◽  
Human Quality ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

The scientific problem of economics “Managing the quality of human life” is formulated on the basis of artificial intelligence, algebra of logic and logical-probabilistic calculus. Managing the quality of human life is represented by managing the processes of his treatment, training and decision making. Events in these processes and the corresponding logical variables relate to the behavior of a person, other persons and infrastructure. The processes of the quality of human life are modeled, analyzed and managed with the participation of the person himself. Scenarios and structural, logical and probabilistic models of managing the quality of human life are given. Special software for quality management is described. The relationship of human quality of life and the digital economy is examined. We consider the role of public opinion in the management of the “bottom” based on the synthesis of many studies on the management of the economics and the state. The bottom management is also feedback from the top management.

On Metaphysics and the Political: A Polemics of Reading Baudelaire in the 1930s

2019 ◽  
Vol 58 (2) ◽  
pp. 249-259
Author(s):  
Joseph Acquisto
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Political Crisis ◽  
The Political ◽  
Modern Poetry ◽  
Progressive Politics ◽  
The World ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Insight Into

This essay examines a polemic between two Baudelaire critics of the 1930s, Jean Cassou and Benjamin Fondane, which centered on the relationship of poetry to progressive politics and metaphysics. I argue that a return to Baudelaire's poetry can yield insight into what seems like an impasse in Cassou and Fondane. Baudelaire provides the possibility of realigning metaphysics and politics so that poetry has the potential to become the space in which we can begin to think the two of them together, as opposed to seeing them in unresolvable tension. Or rather, the tension that Baudelaire animates between the two allows us a new way of thinking about the role of esthetics in moments of political crisis. We can in some ways see Baudelaire as responding, avant la lettre, to two of his early twentieth-century readers who correctly perceived his work as the space that breathes a new urgency into the questions of how modern poetry relates to the world from which it springs and in which it intervenes.

FORMALIZED DESCRIPTION OF THE PROCEDURE OF INFORMATION SYSTEM RISK MANAGEMENT

2018 ◽  
pp. 61-70
Author(s):  
Svetlana Sergeevna Kozunova ◽  
Alla Grigorievna Kravets
Keyword(s):  
Information System ◽  
Risk Management ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Management Procedure ◽  
System Risk ◽  
Weak Points ◽  
Formalized Description ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Further Development

The article highlights the aspects of risk management in the information system. According to the analysis of the work of Russian and foreign scientists and world practices in the field of risk management, it is stated that there is a need to improve the effectiveness of risk management of information system and to develop a method for managing the risks of the information system. As a solution to the problem of effective risk management of the information system, there has been proposed a formalized procedure for managing the risks of the information system. The scientific novelty of this solution is the use of decision space and optimization space to reduce risks. This procedure allows to assess the damage, risk and effectiveness of risk management of the information system. The risks of the information system are determined and analyzed; a pyramidal risk diagram is developed. This diagram allows you to describe the relationship of risks with the components of the information system. The negative consequences to which these risks can lead are given. The analysis of methods and approaches to risk management has been carried out. Based on the results of the analysis, the methods GRAMM, CORAS, GOST R ISO / IEC scored to the maximum. The weak points of these methods and the difficulty of applying these methods in practice are described. The developed formalized risk management procedure to control the risks of information system can be used as management system’s element of the information security quality that complies with the recommendations of GOST R ISO / IEC 27003-2012. The prospect of further development of the research results is the development of management systems of risk of information system.

SECTANITY IN THE CONTEXT OF MANIFESTATIONS OF MODERN RELIGIOUS EXTREMISM

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pavel Agapov ◽  
Kirill Stepkin
Keyword(s):  
Russian Federation ◽  
Religious Extremism ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Theoretical Foundations

The article considers the general theoretical foundations of the relationship of sectarianism and religious extremism in the Russian Federation. Practical examples of the role of destructive sects in modern religious extremism in the Russian Federation are given.

The Meaning of the Concept of “Spiritual Energy” in the Philosophy of William James and Henry Bergson

2020 ◽  
Vol 63 (4) ◽  
pp. 115-131
Author(s):  
Maria M. Kuznetsova
Keyword(s):  
Spiritual Development ◽  
William James ◽  
Science And Religion ◽  
Western Philosophy ◽  
Creative Evolution ◽  
Spiritual Energy ◽  
Spiritual Reality ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

The article examines the philosophy of Henri Bergson and William James as independent doctrines aimed at rational comprehension of spiritual reality. The doctrines imply the paramount importance of consciousness, the need for continuous spiritual development, the expansion of experience and perception. The study highlights the fundamental role of spiritual energy for individual and universal evolution, which likens these doctrines to the ancient Eastern teaching as well as to Platonism in Western philosophy. The term “spiritual energy” is used by Bergson and James all the way through their creative career, and therefore this concept should considered in the examination of their solution to the most important philosophical and scientific issues, such as the relationship of matter and spirit, consciousness and brain, cognition, free will, etc. The “radical empiricism” of William James and the “creative evolution” of Henry Bergson should be viewed as conceptions that based on peacemaking goals, because they are aimed at reconciling faith and facts, science and religion through the organic synthesis of sensory and spiritual levels of experience. Although there is a number of modern scientific discoveries that were foreseen by philosophical ideas of Bergson and James, both philosophers advocate for the artificial limitation of the sphere of experimental methods in science. They call not to limit ourselves to the usual intellectual schemes of reality comprehension, but attempt to touch the “living” reality, which presupposes an increase in the intensity of attention and will, but finally brings us closer to freedom.

The role and relationship of mindreading and social attunement in HRI – position statements of interdisciplinary researchers. Workshop HRI'20

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Agnieszka Wykowska ◽  
Jairo Pérez-Osorio ◽  
Stefan Kopp
Keyword(s):  
Mental States ◽  
Human Robot Interaction ◽  
Human Interaction ◽  
Artificial Agents ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Robot Interaction ◽  
Novel Coronavirus ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

This booklet is a collection of the position statements accepted for the HRI’20 conference workshop “Social Cognition for HRI: Exploring the relationship between mindreading and social attunement in human-robot interaction” (Wykowska, Perez-Osorio & Kopp, 2020). Unfortunately, due to the rapid unfolding of the novel coronavirus at the beginning of the present year, the conference and consequently our workshop, were canceled. On the light of these events, we decided to put together the positions statements accepted for the workshop. The contributions collected in these pages highlight the role of attribution of mental states to artificial agents in human-robot interaction, and precisely the quality and presence of social attunement mechanisms that are known to make human interaction smooth, efficient, and robust. These papers also accentuate the importance of the multidisciplinary approach to advance the understanding of the factors and the consequences of social interactions with artificial agents.

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